JP3490793B2 - Orthodontic appliances - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention generally relates to an orthodontic appliance for correcting an abnormal alignment of teeth, and more specifically, an orthodontic appliance partially having a Ni--Ti superelastic alloy. It concerns equipment.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-51904, an orthodontic member made of a Ni--Ti based superelastic alloy having superelastic characteristics at a temperature below the mouth temperature (body temperature) is known. is there. Here, the superelastic alloy having superelasticity at a temperature below the mouth temperature is a superelastic alloy that transforms from a martensite phase to an austenite phase at a temperature below the mouth temperature of about 36 to 37 ° C.

[0003]

The superelastic alloy has the characteristic that the strain is recovered by a constant stress even if the strain is applied up to the region beyond the yield point, and the excellent spring property that the strain recovery amount reaches 8%. Therefore, it is far superior to other metallic materials for orthodontics in this respect. On the other hand, an orthodontic appliance requires bending such as setting because it needs to be set on the teeth, but while superelastic alloys have the excellent characteristics as described above, they have a poor workability. Bad,
Fine bending is very difficult. It also gives strong elasticity to teeth that do not require correction. Generally, Ni-T
An i-based superelastic shape memory alloy and another metal are used, for example, with a laser.
ー Welding, TIG welding, electron beam welding, upset bar
Well-known welding means such as spot welding or flash butt welding
When welded with, the highly active Ni-Ti alloy is
Easily reacts with and forms a brittle reaction phase near the bonding interface.
However, this reaction phase makes the joint very brittle
I will The object of the present invention is to obtain a Ni-T having a large amount of strain recovery.
i-based superelastic alloy and a metal material with a small amount of strain recovery
Easy to weld and bend to set on teeth
It can be done, and excessive correction force is applied to the parts that do not require correction.
Is designed to prevent the welding, and the weld is improved.
An object is to provide an orthodontic appliance. Another eye of this invention
The orthodontic appliance as described above has a certain strength.
A manufacturing method that can be easily manufactured
Especially.

[0004]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the orthodontic appliance according to the invention of claim 1 has a first member 1 for exerting a corrective force exclusively on a tooth, and the first member 1. Member 2 which is welded to the member 1 of FIG.
And the first member 1 has a strain recovery amount of 3% or more and is made of a Ni—Ti-based superelastic alloy having superelastic characteristics at a temperature below the mouth temperature, and the second member 2 has strain recovery. Quantity 1
% Metal or less, the first member 1 and the second member
Member 2 is welded and the first member 1 and the second member 2 are
When the metals of both members 1 and 2 melt and solidify at the joint interface
The thickness of the gold layer 2a is suppressed to 10 μm or less.
It has a feature.

The orthodontic appliance according to the invention of claim 2 is a tooth
A first member 1 for exerting a corrective force exclusively on
Is welded to the first member 1 via the inter-member 2b, etc.
And a second member 2 which also performs the function of
Strain recovery amount is 3% or more
Composed of a Ni-Ti based superelastic alloy having oxidative properties,
The second member 2 is a metal member having a strain recovery amount of 1% or less.
Is configured, the intermediate member 2b first member 1 and second member 2
Are made of different Ni or Ni-based alloy, and are different from the first member 1.
Intermediate with the first member 1 at the joint interface with the intermediate member 2b
The thickness of the alloy layer 2a obtained by melting and solidifying the metal of the member 2b is 10
It is characterized in that it is suppressed to less than μm.

In the first and second aspects of the invention, the Ni--Ti-based superelastic alloy forming the first member is, for example, 5
A shape memory alloy mainly composed of 0.5 at% Ni to 51 at% Ni-residual Ti is used. As the other metal forming the second member, stainless steel, Co—Cr based alloy steel, and other ordinary metal materials for orthodontics are used.

The orthodontic appliance according to the invention of claim 3 is a contractor.
In the orthodontic appliance according to claim 1 or 2, the first member 1 is composed of an arch wire set on the front tooth portion, and the second member
The member 2 is composed of wires set on the other teeth.

The orthodontic appliance according to the invention of claim 4 is a contractor.
In the orthodontic appliance of claim 3, the second member 2 has a loop-shaped portion 21 or a bent portion 23 formed in the vicinity of the welded portion 5.

The orthodontic appliance according to the invention of claim 5 is a contractor.
In the orthodontic appliance according to claim 1 or 2, the first member 1 and the
Second member 2 are arranged alternately, the first member 1 has a central portion U-
The second member 2 is a bondin
Also serves as a metal fitting.

According to the invention of claim 6, the orthodontic appliance is a contractor.
In the orthodontic appliance according to claim 1 or 2, the second member 2 is
A pair of upper and lower wires bent in an arch shape in plan view
The second members 2 and 2 are arch-shaped members.
Connected by the first members 1, 1 whose sides are inclined in the same direction.
Has been.

An orthodontic appliance according to the invention of claim 7 is a contractor.
In the orthodontic appliance of claim 6, the upper and lower second members 2 and 2 are respectively fixed to bonding bases 61 and 61 made of plastic formed in conformity with the tooth shape.

The orthodontic appliance according to the invention of claim 8 is a contractor.
In the orthodontic appliance according to claim 1 or 2, the first member
1 is the back side of the front tooth 3 to the front of the palate or the front of the lower jaw
It is a mesh-shaped member that is set so as to be in close contact,
Both ends of the second member 2 are both sides of the first member.
It is composed of a wire-shaped member connected to the.

An orthodontic appliance according to the invention of claim 9 is a contractor.
In the orthodontic appliance according to claim 8, a plastic fixing base 25 that is in close contact with the inner surface of the palate or lower jaw is attached to the first member 1, and the fixing base 25 has one end on the molar 40 or the like. The attached metal wire 24 is pressed against the inner surface of the palate or the lower jaw.

The method for manufacturing an orthodontic appliance according to the present invention is
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, it is configured as follows.
is there. That is, the orthodontic appliance according to the invention of claim 10
In the manufacturing method, the strain recovery amount is 3% or more and the mouth temperature is
Is a Ni-Ti based superelastic alloy having superelastic properties below?
And the bonded portion of the first member 1 made of
Contact with the joined part of the second member 2 made of the lower metal member
The first member 1 and the second member in the contact direction thereof.
A pressure of 20 kg / mm ² or more along the
In the state, the melting temperature of both members 1 and 2 is less than 1/10 sec
It is characterized by heating within the period of time and quenching the joint part.
is doing.

Manufacturing of an orthodontic appliance according to the invention of claim 11
The manufacturing method is such that the amount of strain recovery is 3% or more and the temperature is below the mouth temperature.
Made of Ni-Ti based superelastic alloy with superelastic properties
If the strain recovery amount is less than 1%,
A part to be joined of a second member 2 made of a certain metal member,
Ni or Ni-based alloy different from the first member 1 and the second member 2
The intermediate member 2b made of
1, how to contact the intermediate member 2b and the second member 2
Apply a pressure of 20 kg / mm ² or more along
The first member 1, the intermediate member 2b, and the second member 2 under pressure.
Heated to the melting temperature of 1/10 seconds or less,
It is characterized in that the joint portion is rapidly cooled.

Manufacturing of an orthodontic appliance according to the invention of claim 12
The manufacturing method is such that the amount of strain recovery is 3% or more and the temperature is below the mouth temperature.
Made of Ni-Ti based superelastic alloy with superelastic properties
If the strain recovery amount is less than 1%,
Welding or brazing to a second member 2 made of a metal member
And Ni or N different from the first member 1 and the second member 2
The intermediate member 2b made of an i-based alloy is not in contact with the joined portion.
The first member 1 and the intermediate member 2b in the contact direction between them.
A pressure of 20 kg / mm ² or more along the
1 / up to the melting temperature of the first member 1 and the intermediate member 2b
Heat within 10 seconds or less to quench the joint.
It is characterized by that.

[0017]

The orthodontic appliance according to the present invention comprises the second member 2
However, since the strain recovery amount is made of a metal material of 1% or less, the second member 2 can be easily subjected to adjustment work such as fine bending work. Therefore, by using the second member 2 in a portion that does not exert a main orthodontic force on a tooth, an orthodontic appliance that has excellent elasticity and can be set on a tooth better is provided, and Various orthodontic appliances having excellent elasticity can be provided according to individual cases. The first member 1 and the second member 2 are welded ,
At the joining interface between both members 1 and 2, the metal of both members 1 and 2
The alloy layer 2a melted and solidified has a thickness of 10 μm or less.
It is very thin and its joint is 30 kgf / mm ² that's all
Bending strength and torsional strength as well as having tensile strength of
Both are excellent. Further, the durability of the joint is superior to that of connecting both members 1 and 2 via a joint,
Moreover, the joint does not get in the way in the mouth. First member 1
Is composed of a Ni-Ti based superelastic alloy,
It has excellent corrosion resistance and good compatibility with living organisms. First
Since the member 1 has a strain recovery amount of 3% or more, the stress becomes more constant with respect to the strain recovery, and an appropriate orthodontic force is constantly exerted on the teeth.

Melt solidification at the joint interface between the two members 1 and 2
To form the formed alloy layer 2a with a thickness of 10 μm or less,
According to the manufacturing method described in claim 10.

According to the orthodontic appliance of claim 2, the first member 1 and the intermediate member 2b is interposed made of Ni or Ni-based alloy between the second member 2, the first member 1 and Intermediate member 2
Since the alloy layer 2a in which the metals of both members are melted and solidified has a thickness of 10 μm or less and is very thin at the joint interface with b, the welded portion 5 has a tensile strength of 30 kgf / mm ² or more and bending. Excellent strength and torsional strength.

Bonding interface between the first member 1 and the intermediate member 2b
The alloy layer 2a melted and solidified in
In order to form the film, the manufacturing method according to claim 11 or 12 is used.
It

The orthodontic appliance according to claim 3 is the first member 1
Is attached to the surface of the front tooth 3 by the bonding metal fitting 6, and the second member 2 is attached to the surface of the other tooth by the bonding metal fitting 6, whereby the correction force of the first member 1 is effectively applied to the front tooth 3. To be done. Claim 4
According to the orthodontic appliance of No. 2, since the loop-shaped portion 21 or the bent portion 23 is formed in the second member 2, the elasticity thereof becomes stronger and the orthodontic force applied to the front tooth becomes stronger.

The orthodontic appliance according to claim 5 is the first member 1
Has a U-shaped or V-shaped central part,
The correction force acts on the method of reducing or expanding the U-shaped or V-shaped portion. Therefore, when the second member 2 that also serves as a fitting is fixed to the back side of the teeth, the correction force of the first member is applied in the direction of pulling both teeth together or in the direction of separating both teeth.

The orthodontic appliance of claim 6, the bonding metal 6, when attaching the respective second members 2 on the back side of the upper and lower teeth, orthodontic force of the first member 1, upper or The lower front teeth are applied in the direction of pushing forward, and at the same time, when the upper and lower teeth are engaged, the lower jaw is pushed forward or in the direction of moving backward. That is, an orthodontic appliance that doubles as an occlusal appliance is provided.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, the orthodontic appliance according to the sixth aspect of the invention is a plastic bonding base 61, 61 in which the upper and lower second members 2, 2 are formed in conformity with the tooth shape. Since they are respectively fixed to the upper and lower teeth, it is easy to attach the second member to the upper and lower teeth.

In the orthodontic appliance of claim 8, when the orthodontic appliance is set in the mouth, the orthodontic force of the first member 1 is applied in the direction in which the front tooth is pushed in the circumferential direction or in the direction in which it is pulled inward.

In the invention according to claim 8 , the orthodontic appliance according to claim 9 is the invention according to claim 8 , wherein a fixing base 25 made of plastic is attached to the first member 1 so as to be in close contact with the inner surface of the palate or the lower jaw. Since the fixing base 25 is configured to be pressed against the inner surface of the palate or lower jaw by the metal wire 24 having one end attached to the molar 40 or the like, the first member 1 becomes Stabilize.

Tooth row according to the invention of claims 10, 11 and 12
According to the method for manufacturing the orthodontic appliance, the N formed by heating is
Reaction phase of i-Ti alloy and other metal, and both members
(First member 1 and second member 2, first member 1 and intermediate portion
A part of the alloy melted at the abutting portions of the material 2b) is pushed out in the circumferential direction of the abutting portions of both members by the pressurization. The molten alloy layer, the molten alloy extruded in the circumferential direction, and the reaction phase are rapidly solidified by rapid cooling.
When the alloy extruded in the circumferential direction of the welded portion 5 of both members 1 and 2 and solidified is removed by cutting, the alloy layer 2a of both members at the joint interface becomes very thin as 10 μm or less and the joint interface No reaction phase remains in the vicinity. Therefore,
1st member 1 and 2nd member 2 (Claim 10) or 1st member
The welded portion between the member 1 and the intermediate member 2b (claims 11 and 12) has high tensile strength, bending strength and torsional strength. Well
Further, in the manufacturing method according to claim 11 or 12, the intermediate member
At the joint interface between 2b and the second member 2, the reaction phase of both members is shaped.
Not formed, the two members are firmly joined.

[0028]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A preferred embodiment of an orthodontic appliance and a method of manufacturing the same according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Example-1 FIG. 1 is a bottom view of a state where the orthodontic appliance of Example-1 is attached to an upper tooth model, and FIG. 2 is a state where the orthodontic appliance of FIG. 1 is attached to upper and lower tooth models. FIG. The orthodontic appliance of this embodiment includes a first orthosis attached to the surface of the front tooth 3.
Member 1 and the second members 2 and 2 attached to the surfaces of the teeth 4 other than the front teeth 3 are connected by welding.

The first member 1 is an alloy ingot having a composition of Ni 50.7 at% -remaining Ti 0.4 mm × 0.56 by a conventional method.
It is an arch-shaped wire that has been processed into a wire having a square cross section of mm and heat-treated so that the temperature at which the martensite phase transforms to the austenite phase is equal to or lower than the body temperature equivalent temperature. The second member 2 is a wire made of a Co—Cr alloy and having a similar wire diameter. The lengths of the first member 1 and the second member are determined according to individual cases.

Each wire constituting the second member 2 has its end portion attached to the molar tooth 40 by the attachment metal ring 60, and the other portion attached to the other tooth 4 by each bonding fitting 6. The first member 1 is attached to each front tooth 3 by each bonding fitting 6.

In this embodiment, a welding device as shown in FIG. 4 is used to bring the parts to be joined of the first and second members 1 and 2 into contact with each other, and use the air-cooled electrodes 7 and 7 made of a copper chromium alloy. The members 1 and 2 are clamped, and the members 1 and 2 are pressed by the pressurizing device 8 at a pressure of 20 kg / mm ² along the abutting direction, and the welding power source 9 energizes the electrodes 7 and 7 for 1/20 seconds. (Current value is 30 A) and the first member 1 and the second member 2 are welded. After welding, the welded part 5 is rapidly cooled.

When welded as described above, the reaction phase of the first member 1 and the second member formed by heating, and a part of the alloy of the members 1 and 2 melted at the contact portions of both members. Are extruded in the circumferential direction of the abutting portions of both members by the pressurization. The molten alloy layer, the molten alloy extruded in the circumferential direction, and the reaction phase are rapidly solidified by rapid cooling. When the alloy (not shown) extruded in the circumferential direction of the joint portion of both members and solidified is removed by cutting, the alloy phase 2a (cast structure) of both members 1 and 2 formed in the welded portion 5 shown in FIG. The thickness t is 10 μm or less. Further, the portion 10 near the joint interface of the welded portion 5 of the first member 1 is Ni-T.
A portion 2 near the joint interface of the second member 2 is formed by forming a hot forged structure by softening and pressing the i alloy at high temperature.
In 0, a hot forged structure is formed by softening the Co—Cr alloy at high temperature and applying pressure. N near the bonding interface
No reaction phase remains between the i-Ti alloy and the Co-Cr alloy.
Therefore, the joint portion of both members has high tensile strength, bending strength and torsional strength as described above.

In the state of use as shown in FIG. 1, a bending load is applied to the welded portion 5 with the members 1 and 2 as shown in the figure, and
Since a torsion load and a tensile load are applied, the strength test of the welded portion 5 was conducted as follows. Three-point bending test Welding sample as shown in FIG. 5 of the first member 1 and the second member 2 welded as described above (the wire diameters and materials of the members 1 and 2 are the same as those in the above-mentioned embodiment) are prepared. did. Then, the sample was supported by round bars 50, 50 having a diameter of 5 mm and spaced at 14 mm with the welded part 5 arranged in the center, and a load was gradually applied to the welded part 5 to perform a bending test. As a result, when the welded portion 5 was deformed by 2 mm, the superelastic characteristic as shown in FIG. 6 was exhibited, and when the welded portion 5 was deformed by about 6 mm, the welded portion 5 was broken. According to FIG. 6, it has been clarified that a substantially constant force (100 gf) acts on the welded portion 5 with respect to the displacement of about 1.5 mm, and sufficient correction force is exerted also on the welded portion 5. .

Torsional Test A welding sample of members 1 and 2 similar to the above was subjected to a torsional test by applying a torsional load in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 7 at a gauge length of 5 mm. As a result, when twisted to 45 ° and unloading, a good superelastic property was exhibited as shown in FIG. When the twist angle was further increased, as shown in FIG. 9, the weld 5 was broken when twisted by about 100 °. Therefore, the welded portion 5 can sufficiently withstand a twist of several tens of degrees, and can exert a sufficient straightening force even in the twisting direction.

Tensile test, alloy layer thickness measurement welding pressure 20 kg / mm ² , upset amount Ni-T
i 0.75 mm and Co-Cr 0.5 mm were set, and welding samples were prepared by changing the energization current values during welding to 10 A, 30 A, and 50 A (wire diameters are the same as those described above). Further, the alloy layer thickness at the weld interface was measured by microscopic observation. As a result of measuring the alloy layer thickness, the alloy layer thickness of the sample having the energizing current value during welding of 10 A is 3 μm, the alloy layer thickness of the sample having the current value of 30 A is 7 μm, and the alloy layer thickness of the sample having the current value of 50 A Was 15 μm. Although Figure 10 shows the stress average value of the tensile test results, indicates current average 65 kgf / mm ² or more strength in 10A～30A, it showed 40 kgf / mm ² or more tensile strength, including at least values. When the current value was 50 A, the alloy layer thickness at the weld interface was as thick as 15 μm, and the tensile strength was 30 kgf / mm ² or less at the minimum value. From the above results, the welded portion 5 has sufficient tensile strength for orthodontics.

Example-2 FIG. 11 is a side view showing a state where the orthodontic appliance of Example-2 is attached to the upper tooth model, and FIG. 12 is a front view thereof. The orthodontic appliance of this embodiment is mainly for correcting the misalignment of the front teeth, and the first member 1 attached to the surface of the front teeth 3 and a pulling force on the first member 1 in the direction of the back teeth. The applied second members 2 and 2 are connected by welding. The second member 2 has a loop-shaped portion 21 slightly rearward of the welded portion 5 for imparting springiness. The first member 1 is attached to the front teeth 3 by the respective bonding fittings 6, and the ends of the second members 2 are attached to the molar teeth 40 by the attachment metal rings 60. The wire diameters and materials of the first member 1 and the second member, and the welding procedure for the first and second members are the same as those of the orthodontic appliance of the embodiment.

Example-3 FIG. 13 is a plan view of an orthodontic appliance according to Example-3 attached to a lower tooth model. A large number of first members 1 are bent in a U-shape or a V-shape at the central portion, and are connected by welding through a second member 2 made of stainless steel mesh that also serves as a bonding fitting. The orthodontic appliance of this embodiment is designed to be set on the back side of the tooth by the second member 2 as shown in the drawing, and each first member 1 is
The back side of the teeth 3 and 4 is mounted so as to be located between the teeth. Therefore, each second member 2 also functions as a spacer that determines the distance between the two first members 1 in the relevant portion. Each first member 1 is adapted to apply a correction force to the tooth in a direction in which the bent portion of the member 1 expands or contracts. The material and wire diameter of the first member 1 are the same as those of the correction device of Example-1.

Example-4 FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing a state in which the orthodontic appliance of Example-4 is attached to the upper tooth model and turned upside down. The orthodontic appliance of this embodiment is composed of a pair of upper and lower second members 2 and 2 made of a stainless wire or a Co—Cr alloy wire processed into an arch shape with a wire diameter of 0.8 to 1.0 mm, and a wire. Diameter 0.8-1.
It is composed of a plurality of 2 mm first members 1, 1 and both ends of the first members 1, 1 are welded to the second members 2, 2 in a state of being inclined in the same direction. The wire diameter of each member 1 and 2 is appropriately selected within the above range depending on the age and sex of the user. The welding method is the same as in Example-1.

In the orthodontic appliance of this embodiment, the upper and lower second members 2 and 2 are fixed to the backsides of the upper and lower teeth by the bonding metal fittings (not shown) and used.
The correction force of the first member 1 is applied to the lower front tooth 3 via the member 2 of the first member 1 and the correction force of the first member 1 is pushed in the direction in which the lower jaw is pushed forward when the teeth are engaged. It is supposed to work. Therefore, the orthodontic appliance of this embodiment also serves as an occlusal appliance. In the above embodiment, if the first members 1, 1 are inclined in the opposite direction,
The correction force of the first member 1 acts on the upper front tooth 3, and when engaging, the correction force acts in the direction in which the lower jaw is pushed backward.

In the orthodontic appliance of Example 4, the first members 1 are often provided at symmetrical positions, but it is not always necessary to have an exact symmetrical relationship. Depending on the magnitude and direction of the required correction force of the first member 1 of the portion, it may be slightly displaced from the symmetrical position, and the first members 1 at the symmetrical positions do not necessarily have to be the same number.

Example-5 FIG. 15 is a side view of the orthodontic appliance of Example-5 attached to the upper and lower tooth models, and FIG. 16 is a side view of the state shown in FIG. 15 with the teeth engaged. . The orthodontic appliance of this embodiment is obtained by fixing the upper and lower second members 2 and 2 of the orthodontic appliance of Example-4 to the back side of the transparent plastic bonding bases 61 and 61. Each bonding base 61 is molded according to the shape of the tooth.
Then, each bonding base 61 is configured to be attached to the upper and lower teeth. Other configurations and actions of the orthodontic appliance of this embodiment are the same as those of the orthodontic appliance of Embodiment-4, and therefore description thereof will be omitted.

Example 6 FIG. 17 is a bottom view showing a state where the orthodontic appliance of Example 6 is attached to the upper tooth model, and FIG. 18 is a perspective view of the orthodontic appliance seen obliquely from below. The straightening device of this embodiment has a wire diameter of 0.4.
mm, a first member 1 in which a wire made of a Ni-Ti-based superelastic alloy is welded to form a net, and a Co-Cr alloy having a wire diameter of about 0.8 mm and having loop portions 22 at both ends. And a second member 2 made of a wire.

Both ends of the second member 2 have a mesh-shaped first portion.
Are welded to both sides of the member 2 in the same manner as in Example-1. The first member 1 is attached by the second member 2 set so as to be positioned on the front surface of the front tooth 3 so as to be almost in close contact with the front portion of the palate and the front portion of the lower jaw inside the front tooth 3. A correction force is applied to the front teeth 3 in a direction of protruding or retracting in the circumferential direction. In this embodiment, in order to stabilize the first member 1 in the state shown in the drawing, a plastic fixing base 25 is attached to the rear of the first member 1 so as to be in close contact with the palate and the lower jaw. There is. A wire (wire diameter of about 0.6 mm) 24 made of stainless steel or a Co—Cr alloy, one end of which is attached to the fixing base 25, such as the molar 40
It is designed to be pressed against the inner surface of the palate and lower jaw.

Example-7 FIG. 19 is a perspective view showing an orthodontic appliance of Example-7. In this embodiment, the wire diameter is 0.4 mm × 0.4 mm to 0.4 mm.
A second member 2 made of a Co—Cr alloy square wire having a similar wire diameter is provided at both ends of the first member 1 which is a square wire made of a Ni—Ti-based superelastic alloy of about mm × 0.56 mm. Welding is performed by the same method as in Example-1. The second member 2 has a bent portion 23 formed in the vicinity of the welded portion 5 so as to have a strong spring property. The orthodontic appliance of this embodiment is set on the teeth in substantially the same manner as the orthodontic appliance of Embodiment-2.

In each of the above-described embodiments, the first member 1 and the second member may be welded by the following welding method instead of the welding method described in FIG. For example, as shown in FIG. 20, first, an intermediate member 2b made of Ni or a Ni-based alloy and having a thickness of about 0.2 mm is welded to the end portion of the second member 2 such as a Co—Cr alloy or stainless steel by a normal method. The second member 2 and the intermediate member 2c may be brazed instead of welding. Next, the first member 1 and the second member 2 are brought into contact with each other via the intermediate member 2b, and these are clamped by the air-cooled electrodes 7, 7 made of a copper chromium alloy,
The welding power source 9 is pressed by the pressure device 8 at a pressure of 20 kg / mm ² to press the members 1 and 2 along the contact direction.
Energizes electrodes 7 and 7 for 1/20 seconds (current value 30A)
And weld. After energizing, the welded part 5 is rapidly cooled.

When the welding is performed as described above, the reaction phase between the first member and the intermediate member 2b formed by heating, and a part of the alloy melted at the abutting portions of both members 1 and 2b, the above-mentioned addition It is pushed out by the pressure in the circumferential direction of the abutting portion of both members. The molten alloy layer, the molten alloy extruded in the circumferential direction, and the reaction phase are rapidly solidified by rapid cooling. When the alloy (not shown) that has been extruded in the circumferential direction of the joint between the members 1 and 2b and solidified is removed by cutting,
Alloy layer 2 of both members 1 and 2 formed in weld 5 shown in FIG.
The thickness t of a (cast structure) is 10 μm or less. Also,
The portion 10 near the joint interface of the welded portion 5 of the first member 1 is
A hot forged structure is formed by the Ni-Ti alloy being softened and pressed at high temperature, and the Ni or Ni-based alloy is softened and pressed at high temperature in the portion 2d near the joint interface of the intermediate member 2b. A hot forged structure is formed by. No reaction phase between the Ni—Ti alloy and Ni or Ni-based alloy remains near the bonding interface. Therefore, the joint portion of both members has high tensile strength, bending strength and torsional strength as described above.

As described above, instead of welding the intermediate member 2b and the second member first, the first member 1 and the intermediate member 2 are replaced.
c and the other metal member 2b are sequentially brought into contact with each other, and these three members are pressed along the contact direction at a high pressure of, for example, 20 kg / mm ² or more. The melting point may be heated within a short time of, for example, 1/20 sec or less, and the joining portion may be rapidly cooled.

[0048]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the second member 2 having a good bending workability with a strain recovery amount of 1% or less is used in a portion which does not exert a main orthodontic force on the tooth. Recovery amount 3%
The first member made of the above Ni-Ti superelastic alloy is welded. Therefore, it has excellent elasticity,
Moreover, it is possible to provide an orthodontic appliance that can be set on a tooth better, and it is possible to provide various orthodontic appliances having excellent elasticity according to individual cases. The first member 1 and the second member 2 are welded to each other, and both members 1 and 2 are welded at the joint interface.
The alloy layer 2a obtained by melting and solidifying the metals 1 and 2 is 10 μm or less
Since it is very thin, its joint is 30 kg
f / mm ² In addition to having the tensile strength above,
Excellent in torsional strength. Further, the durability of the joint is superior to that of connecting both members via a joint, and the joint does not interfere in the mouth hole.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the intermediate member 2 made of Ni or a Ni-based alloy is provided between the first member 1 and the second member 2.
b, the alloy layer 2a in which the metals of both members are melted and solidified is 1 at the joint interface between the first member 1 and the intermediate member 2b.
Since the thickness is 0 μm or less and is very thin, the welded portion 5 has a tensile strength of 30 kgf / mm ² or more, and is excellent in both bending strength and torsional strength.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the first member 1 made of the arch-shaped wire is attached to the front tooth to form the first member.
The correction force of the member 1 is effectively applied to the front teeth 3. In the invention of claim 4 , the loop-shaped portion 2 is provided on the second member 2.
Since 1 or the bent portion 23 is formed, its elasticity becomes stronger and the correction force applied to the front tooth becomes stronger.

According to the fifth aspect of the invention, since the central portion of the first member 1 is bent into a U-shape or a V-shape, the correction force is reduced in the U-shape or V-shape. Acts in the direction of expansion or expansion. Therefore, the dentition can be straightened so as to attract or separate adjacent teeth from each other.

According to the sixth aspect of the invention, there is provided an orthodontic appliance for straightening the upper or lower front teeth and also serving as an occlusal straightening tool.

According to the seventh aspect of the invention, the upper and lower second members 2 and 2 are fixed to the bonding bases 61 and 61 made of plastic which are formed in conformity with the tooth shape. Therefore, it becomes easier to attach the second member 2 to the upper and lower teeth.

According to the invention of claim 8 , when this is set in the mouth, the correction force of the first member 1 is applied in the direction in which the front tooth is pushed in the circumferential direction or in the direction in which it is pulled inward.

[0055] According to the invention of claim 9, the first member 1 in the invention of claim 9, the plastic of the fixing base 25 in a state in which substantially contact the inner surface of the palate and lower jaw are mounted, the fixing base 25 is configured to be pressed against the inner surface of the palate or lower jaw by the metal wire 24 having one end attached to the molar 40 or the like,
The first member 1 becomes more stable when set in the mouth.

Tooth row according to the invention of claims 10, 11 and 12
According to the method for manufacturing the orthodontic appliance, the N formed by heating is
Reaction phase of i-Ti alloy and other metal, and both members
(First member 1 and second member 2, first member 1 and intermediate portion
Part of the alloy melted at the contact part of material 2b)
Therefore, it is pushed out in the circumferential direction of the abutting portion of both the members. So
The molten alloy layer and the molten alloy extruded in the circumferential direction.
And the reaction phase solidifies rapidly upon quenching.
It is pushed out in the circumferential direction of the welded portion 5 of both members 1 and 2 and solidifies.
If the existing alloy is removed by cutting, the joining of both members at the joint interface
When the gold layer 2a becomes very thin as 10 μm or less,
In addition, no reaction phase remains near the bonding interface. Therefore,
1st member 1 and 2nd member 2 (Claim 10) or 1st member
The welded portion between the member 1 and the intermediate member 2b (claims 11 and 12) is
It has high tensile strength, bending strength and torsional strength. Well
Further, in the manufacturing method according to claim 11 or 12, the intermediate member
At the joint interface between 2b and the second member 2, the reaction phase of both members is shaped.
Not formed, the two members are firmly joined.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a bottom view showing a state where the orthodontic appliance of Example-1 is attached to an upper tooth model.

FIG. 2 is a side view showing a state where the orthodontic appliance of FIG. 1 is attached to upper and lower tooth models.

FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged sectional view of a welded portion between a first member and a second member.

FIG. 4 is a partial front view of the welding device showing a state where the first member and the second member are welded.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged front view showing a bending test state of a sample obtained by welding a first member and a second member.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a result of a bending test of a sample obtained by welding a first member and a second member.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged front view showing a state of a torsion test of a sample obtained by welding a first member and a second member.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the results of a torsion test of a sample obtained by welding a first member and a second member.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing another result of the torsion test of the sample obtained by welding the first member and the second member.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the results of a tensile test of a sample obtained by welding a first member and a second member.

FIG. 11 is a side view showing a state where the orthodontic appliance of Example-2 is attached to the upper tooth model.

FIG. 12 is a front view of the orthodontic appliance of FIG. 11.

FIG. 13 is a plan view showing a state where the orthodontic appliance of Example-3 is attached to a lower tooth model.

FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing a state in which the orthodontic appliance of Example-4 is attached to the upper tooth model and turned upside down.

FIG. 15 is a side view in which the orthodontic appliance of Example-5 is attached to upper and lower tooth models.

16 is a side view showing a state where teeth are engaged with each other from the state of FIG.

FIG. 17 is a bottom view showing a state where the orthodontic appliance of Example-6 is attached to the upper tooth model.

18 is a perspective view of the orthodontic appliance of FIG. 17 as seen obliquely from below.

FIG. 19 is a perspective view showing an orthodontic appliance of Example-7.

FIG. 20 is a partial front view of another welding device for welding the first member and the second member.

21 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of a welded portion of the first member and the second member welded by the apparatus of FIG. 20.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 First member 10 Portion near the bonding interface of the first member 2 Second member 20 Portion near the bonding interface of the second member 21 Looped part 22 Looped part 23 Bend 24 wires 25 fixing base 2a alloy layer 2b Intermediate member 2c Portion near the joint interface of intermediate member 3 front teeth 4 Teeth other than front teeth 40 molars 5 welds 6 Bonding hardware 60 mounting ring 61 Bonding base 7 Air-cooled electrode 8 Pressurizing device 9 welding power source

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued Front Page (72) Inventor Keisuke Shiroyama 5-8 Higashi-Hachiman, Hiratsuka City, Kanagawa Prefecture Furukawa Techno Material Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Hitoshi Hamanaka 1-2-6 Maruyama, Nakano-ku, Tokyo (56) References Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 6-70944 (JP, A) Actual development No. 6-34607 (JP, U) US Patent 4412819 (US, A) US Patent 3593421 (US, A) (58) Fields investigated (58) Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A61C ^7/ 00-7/20

Claims (12)

(57) [Claims] 1. A first member 1 for exerting an orthodontic force exclusively on a tooth, and a second member 2 welded to the first member 1 to perform other functions as well. The member 1 has a strain recovery amount of 3% or more and is made of a Ni—Ti-based superelastic alloy having superelastic characteristics at a temperature below the mouth temperature.
Member 2 is a metal member having a strain recovery amount of 1% or less, the first member 1 and the second member 2 are welded , and
Both members 1, at the joint interface between the member 1 and the second member 2,
The thickness of the alloy layer 2a obtained by melting and solidifying the second metal is 10 μm or less.
An orthodontic appliance characterized by being constrained below . 2. A means for exerting a corrective force exclusively on a tooth.
A first member 1, the first member through the intermediate member 2b 1
And a second member 2 which is welded and fulfills other functions.
Only the first member 1 has a strain recovery amount of 3% or more,
Superelasticity of Ni-Ti system with superelasticity below internal temperature
The second member 2 is made of an alloy and has a strain recovery amount of 1% or less.
The intermediate member 2b is the first member 1
And a Ni- or Ni-based alloy different from the second member 2.
At the joint interface between the first member 1 and the intermediate member 2b.
An alloy obtained by melting and solidifying the metals of the first member 1 and the intermediate member 2b
The feature is that the thickness of the layer 2a is suppressed to 10 μm or less.
An orthodontic appliance to collect. Wherein the first member 1 is a archwire that is set to a portion of the front teeth, the second member 2 is a wire that is set to a portion of the other teeth, according to claim 1 or 2 Orthodontic appliances. Wherein the second member 2, the loop-shaped portion 21 or the bending portion 23 in the vicinity of the welded portion 5 is formed, claims
The orthodontic appliance according to 3. 5. The first member 1 and the second member 2 are arranged alternately.
The first member 1 is bent at the central portion into a U-shape or V-shape.
The second member 2 also serves as a bonding metal fitting,
The orthodontic appliance according to claim 1 . 6. The second member 2 is arcuate in plan view.
A pair of upper and lower wire-like member bent, each second
Members 2 and 2 of the arch are inclined in the same direction on both sides
Claim 1 or 2 which is connected by the 1st members 1 and 1.
Orthodontic appliance according to. 7. The dentition according to claim 6 , wherein the upper and lower second members 2 and 2 are respectively fixed to plastic bonding bases 61 and 61 formed in conformity with the tooth shape. Orthotics. 8. The first member 1 is located on the back side of the front tooth 3.
The front of the palate or the front of the lower jaw so
The second member 2 which is a mesh-shaped member
Is a wire whose both ends are connected to both sides of the first member.
The orthodontic appliance according to claim 1, which is an ear-shaped member . 9. The first member 1 is provided with a plastic fixing base 25 that is in close contact with the inner surface of the palate or lower jaw, and the fixing base 25 is a metal having one end attached to a molar 40 or the like. The orthodontic appliance according to claim 8 , which is pressed against the inner surface of the palate or the lower jaw by the wire 24 made of steel. 10. The oral temperature when the strain recovery amount is 3% or more
-Ti-based superelastic alloy with superelasticity below 100 degrees
To be joined of the first member 1 consisting of 1% strain recovery amount
Contact the joined part of the second member 2 made of the following metal member.
To contact the first member 1 and the second member
Apply a pressure of 20 kg / mm ² or more along
1/10 sec or less until the melting temperature of both members 1 and 2 under pressure
Characterized by heating within the time below and quenching the joint
And a method for manufacturing an orthodontic appliance. 11. The oral temperature when the strain recovery amount is 3% or more
-Ti-based superelastic alloy with superelasticity below 100 degrees
To be joined of the first member 1 consisting of 1% strain recovery amount
The following joined portion of the second member 2 made of a metal member and
Is different from Ni or Ni different from the first member 1 and the second member 2.
The intermediate member 2b made of a base alloy is contacted via the first member,
The member 1, the intermediate member 2b, and the second member 2 are attached to each other.
Apply pressure of 20 kg / mm ² or more along the contact direction,
The first member 1, the intermediate member 2b and the second portion in the pressurized state of
Heating up to the melting temperature of material 2 within 1/10 sec or less
Orthodontics, characterized by rapidly cooling the joint
Equipment manufacturing method. 12. The oral temperature when the strain recovery amount is 3% or more.
-Ti-based superelastic alloy with superelasticity below 100 degrees
To be joined of the first member 1 consisting of 1% strain recovery amount
Welding or filtering to the second member 2 consisting of the following metal members
Ni, which is different from the first member 1 and the second member 2
Alternatively, contact the joined portion of the intermediate member 2b made of a Ni-based alloy.
And contact the first member 1 and the intermediate member 2b with each other.
Along the direction with a pressure of 20 kg / mm ² or more,
Up to the melting temperature of the first member 1 and the intermediate member 2b under pressure
Heat the joint within 1/10 sec or less to rapidly
A method for manufacturing an orthodontic appliance, which comprises cooling.