JP3489070B2 - Horizontal machining center - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a horizontal machining center for moving a workpiece up and down for machining.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Horizontal machining centers include a type in which a Y-axis, which is a vertical feed axis, is provided on the spindle side, and a type in which the Y-axis is provided on the work side so as to meet line specifications. Further, as the latter horizontal machining center, as shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 5, there is known a five-face processing machine which positions the tool T in the X-axis and Z-axis directions, indexes the work W around the C-axis and B-axis, and sends it in the Y-axis direction. With this processing machine, as shown in FIG. 7, it is possible to perform frontal machining such as vertical milling and orthogonal coordinate holes at the B-axis 0 ° position, and vertical milling and vertical offset holes at the B-axis 90 ° position. Side processing is possible.

FIG. 8 shows a conventional horizontal machining center having this type of function. A Z-axis unit 53 is installed on a bed 51 via an X-axis unit 52, and a Z-axis unit 53 holds a tool T. A main shaft 54 is supported. A C-axis unit 56 that grips the work W with a chuck 55 and indexes the work W around a C-axis parallel to the Z-axis is arranged at a position facing the main shaft 54. The C-axis unit 56 is assembled to the Y-axis unit 57 so as to be able to move up and down, and is vertically driven by a motor 58 along a guide 60 via a ball screw 59. A B-axis unit 61 is installed on the bed 51 so as to be rotatable around a vertical B-axis, and the Y-axis unit 57 and the C-axis unit 56 can be integrally rotated above this.

[0004]

However, according to the conventional horizontal machining center, the C-axis unit 56, the Y-axis unit 57, and the B-axis unit 61 are concentratedly arranged on the bed 51, and therefore, this portion is not provided. There was a problem that the structure of was complicated. Further, since the Y-axis unit 57 becomes taller, not only the center of gravity of the entire work indexing mechanism is high and its rigidity is lowered, but also the upper cover 62 needs to be provided at a position H considerably higher than the C-axis. When the total height of the machine is increased and the on-board loader 63 is equipped, the lifting stroke of the arm 64 becomes long, which hinders the construction of the work transfer line and takes a long time to replace the work. there were.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a horizontal machining center capable of lowering the center of gravity of a work indexing mechanism to improve its rigidity, and at the same time making the entire machine low and simple.

[0006]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a horizontal machining center of the present invention is provided with an X-axis unit capable of moving horizontally on a bed, and the X-axis unit is orthogonal to the moving direction of the X-axis unit. Z that can move horizontally
The axis unit is installed, the spindle holding the tool is supported by the Z axis unit, and the C axis unit for indexing the workpiece around the C axis parallel to the Z axis is arranged at the position facing the spindle, and the lower side of the C axis unit is installed. A B-axis unit that swivels the C-axis unit around a vertical B-axis is provided, and a Y-axis unit that raises and lowers the B-axis unit and the C-axis unit is assembled below the B-axis unit. It is composed of a rectangular cylindrical sleeve fixed inside the bed, a rectangular cylindrical ram slidably inserted inside the sleeve, and a drive means for moving the ram up and down. And the B-axis unit is formed with a housing whose outer shape is smaller than that of the ram and which is housed inside the sleeve at the descending end position of the ram.

[0007] Here, preferably, Ru der those that form housings squareness of substantially the same cross-sectional area and the ram.

[0008]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, in this horizontal machining center, an X-axis unit 2 is provided on a bed 1 so as to be horizontally movable in the X-axis (front-back) direction, and a Z-axis unit 3 is arranged on the X-axis unit 2 as the X-axis. It is installed so that it can move horizontally in the orthogonal Z axis (left and right) directions.
A spindle 4 holding a tool T is supported by the Z-axis unit 3, and is rotated about a horizontal axis by a motor 5 via a belt 6.

A C-axis unit 7 is provided at a position facing the spindle 4.
Are arranged, and the chuck 8 is rotated about a C axis parallel to the Z axis to index the work W to an arbitrary phase. A B-axis unit 9 is disposed below the C-axis unit 7, and the C-axis unit 7 can be swiveled around a vertical B-axis to change the posture of the work W within a range of 90 ° from the front to the side. It is configured. On the lower side of the B-axis unit 9, the Y-axis unit 10 is assembled inside the bed 1,
The B-axis unit 9 and the C-axis unit 7 are integrally moved up and down by the shaft unit 10 in the cutting space above the bed 1.
The B-axis unit 9 and the Y-axis unit 10 are shielded from the cutting space by a dustproof cover 11.

According to the above construction, since the Y-axis unit 10 is built in the bed 1, the mechanism above the bed 1 is
The shaft unit 7 and the B-axis unit 9 alone can be relatively simple. Also, since the C-axis unit 7 becomes short,
The center of gravity of the entire work indexing mechanism can be lowered to improve its rigidity, and the upper cover 12 can be provided at a position H close to the C axis to reduce the overall height of the machine, and even when the on-board loader 13 is equipped. It is also possible to shorten the lifting stroke of the arm 14 to configure the work transfer line without any trouble and to shorten the work replacement time. further,
Since the periphery of the C-axis unit 7 is open, it is possible to easily cope with changes in the specifications of the chuck 8 and its periphery.

As shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, the Y-axis unit 1
Reference numeral 0 is provided with a rectangular tubular sleeve 16 fixed inside the bed 1 and a rectangular tubular ram 17 slidably inserted inside the sleeve 16, and the movable side relative to the fixed sleeve 16. The ram 17 can be moved up and down by a motor 18 via a belt 19 and a ball screw 20 (see FIG. 1). A wiper 21 which is in sliding contact with the outer surface of the ram 17 is attached to the upper end surface of the sleeve 16.

A housing 22 accommodating drive means for rotating the C-axis unit 7 of the B-axis unit 9 is attached to the upper end of the ram 17, and the housing 22 is formed in a rectangular shape having substantially the same cross-sectional area as the ram 17. The lower part of is inserted inside the ram 17. The housing 22 is housed inside the upper end of the sleeve 16 at the lower end position of the ram 17 (see FIG. 5).
The outer shape of the housing 22 is designed to be smaller than that of the ram 17, but as a more preferable form, the outer shape of the housing 22 is smaller than that of the ram 17 so that the wiper 21 also comes into sliding contact with the housing 22. 2 to 0.3
The cross-sectional area is substantially the same, which is smaller by about (mm).

According to the above construction, a part of the B-axis unit 9 is housed inside the sleeve 16 together with the ram 17, so that even a horizontal machining center having a reduced overall height is Y-shaped.
The axis stroke can be set large. Further, since the sleeve 16 slides and guides the ram 17 with a considerably long span below the upper surface of the bed 1, the C-axis unit 7 and the B-axis unit
It is possible to secure a long guide span with respect to the amount of overhang up to the cutting point of the shaft unit 9. Moreover, the ratio of the guide span to the overhang amount is, for example, 1: 0.76 at the center of the Y-axis, 1: 0.95 at the Y-axis ascending end, and 1: 0.86 at the Y-axis descending end. There is little fluctuation in the ratio in. Therefore, it is possible to improve the vertical feed accuracy of the work W and perform stable machining at any position.

As shown in FIG. 2, liners 24 are fixed to the surfaces of the four corners 8 of the sleeve 16, and a pair of upper and lower recesses 25 are formed on the inner surface of each liner 24. Ram 17
Is inserted into the sleeve 16 through the liner 24, the gap between the inner wall surface of the liner 24 and the outer wall surface of the ram 17 at each corner is adjusted uniformly, and then the low friction resin material 26 such as epoxy is placed in the recess 25. It is filled. According to this configuration, since the sliding surface of the ram 17 is formed of the filled resin material, it is not necessary to adjust the gap by a razor or the like, and the Y-axis sliding portion can have a maintenance-free structure. An oil groove 27 extending vertically is engraved on the liner 24,
Lubricating oil can be automatically supplied to the four corners 8 of the ram 17. A lid 28 is detachably attached to one side surface of the sleeve 16 so that the inside can be inspected. Although the Z-axis unit is provided on the horizontally movable X-axis unit in the above-described embodiment, it is needless to say that the arrangement can be reversed and the Z-axis unit can be appropriately changed without departing from the gist of the present application. Yes.

[0015]

As described above in detail, according to the horizontal machining center of the present invention, since the B-axis unit and the C-axis unit are integrally lifted by the Y-axis unit assembled inside the bed, the center of gravity of the work indexing mechanism is increased. The rigidity can be improved by lowering the height, and the entire machine can be configured to be low and simple.

Further, since the housing of the B-axis unit is housed inside the sleeve at the descending end position of the ram, the Y-axis stroke can be set large and the vertical direction of the workpiece can be set even in a horizontal machining center having a reduced overall height. The effect is that the feeding accuracy of can be improved. By setting the outer shape of the housing of the B-axis unit to be substantially the same cross-sectional area smaller than that of the ram 17 by a small dimension G (about 0.2 to 0.3 mm), the wiper slidingly contacting the outer surface of the ram is attached to the outer surface of the housing. It is possible to prevent the dust from entering the sliding surface of the ram by the sliding contact.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a horizontal machining center showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of a Y-axis unit in the machining center of FIG.

3 is a cross-sectional view of the Y-axis unit of FIG.

4 is a cross-sectional view showing the Y-axis unit of FIG. 3 at a rising end position.

5 is a cross-sectional view showing the Y-axis unit of FIG. 3 at a lower end position.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the basic configuration of a five-sided horizontal machining center.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a processing method by the machining center of FIG.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing a conventional horizontal machining center.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Bed, 2 ... X-axis unit, 3 ... Z-axis unit, 4 ... Spindle, 7 ... C-axis unit, 8 ... Chuck, 9 ... B-axis unit, 10 ... Y-axis unit, Thirteen
..On-board loader, 16..Sleeve, 17..Ram, 2
2 ・ ・ Housing, 24 ・ ・ Liner, 26 ・ ・ Low friction resin material, T ・ ・ Tool, W ・ ・ Work.

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Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. An X-axis unit that is horizontally movable is provided on a bed, a Z-axis unit that is movable in the horizontal direction orthogonal to the moving direction of the X-axis unit is installed on the X-axis unit, and a tool is mounted on the Z-axis unit. A C-axis unit that supports the held spindle and indexes the workpiece around the C-axis parallel to the Z-axis is placed at a position facing the spindle, and the C-axis unit is rotated below the C-axis unit around the vertical B-axis. Install a B-axis unit to
A Y-axis unit for ascending and descending the B-axis unit and the C-axis unit is assembled under the shaft unit, and the Y-axis unit is slidable inside a rectangular cylindrical sleeve fixed inside the bed and inside the sleeve. It is composed of an inserted rectangular ram and a drive means for moving the ram up and down. A B-axis unit is attached to the upper end of the ram, and the outer shape of the B-axis unit is outside the ram.
A horizontal machining center that is smaller than the shape and that forms a housing that is housed inside the sleeve at the lower end of the ram. 2. A horizontal type machining center according to claim 1 formed with the housing rectangular having substantially the same cross-sectional area and the ram.