JP3444318B2 - NRD guide device - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an NRD guide (N
onRadial Dielectric Wa
The present invention relates to an amplifier, a frequency converter, a frequency multiplier, and the like using a ve Guide (non-radiative dielectric line).

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 33 is a perspective view showing an example of an NRD guide amplifier having a conventional configuration shown in Proceedings SC-2-2 of the 1995 Spring National Convention of the Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers. Further, the FET (Fi) of the NRD guide amplifier shown in FIG.
FIG. 34 shows an FET mount portion of a dielectric line on which an eld effect transistor (field effect transistor) is mounted. In the figure, 1a and 1b are conductor plates, 2a and 2b are dielectric rods which are conductor lines, 3 is a dielectric substrate having one side metallized, 4a and 4b are coplanar lines, 5 is a gate terminal G, a source terminal S and a drain terminal. D
And 6 are gold wires for connecting each terminal of the FET and the coplanar line, 7a and 7b are line conversion parts, 8a and 8b are bias application lines, 9a and 9b are bias chokes, and 10 is a probe. Is. Also, in the figure,
For simplicity, a matching circuit for efficiently inputting a signal to the FET and a stabilizing resistor for preventing unnecessary oscillation of the FET are not shown.

Next, the operation will be described. The input wave input from the input terminal 21 propagates through the NRD guide formed by the upper and lower two conductor plates 1a and 1b and the dielectric rod 2a,
The line conversion unit 7a converts the coplanar line formed on the dielectric substrate and applies it to the gate terminal G of the FET 5. The signal wave amplified by the FET 5 propagates through the coplanar line 4b from the drain terminal D of the FET, is converted from the coplanar line 4b into the NRD guide by the second line conversion unit 7b, propagates through the NRD guide, and is output terminal. You are led to 22.

As shown in FIG. 34, the line conversion units 7a, 7a
In b (7b is the same as 7a, not shown in FIG. 34),
The pattern of the dielectric substrate 3 whose one surface is metallized constitutes the probe 10, and the NRD guide and the coplanar line are converted. As shown in FIG.
(Not shown in FIG. 4) is intended to reduce the loss by reflecting the microwave propagating in the direction indicated by the arrow A that has leaked into the bias applying lines 8a and 8b. NR on the probe 10
By applying the LSM ₀₁ mode electric field from the D guide, an electric field as indicated by an arrow B is generated in the coplanar line 4a, and a signal voltage is applied to the gate terminal G of the FET 5 by the gold wire 6. F using
Similar to the ET amplifier, the amplified signal is transmitted from the drain terminal D to the coplanar line 4b through the gold wire 6 to perform the amplification operation.

FIG. 35 is a perspective view showing an example of a conventional NRD guide switch shown in the Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers, 1993, "Technical Prototype of 60 GHz Band Millimeter Wave Radar Using NRD Guide". In FIG. 35, the conductor plates 1a and 1b are not shown. 36 shows the dielectric substrate 3 of the NRD guide switch shown in FIG. In the figure, 25 is a high dielectric constant sheet, 39 is a gap, 31 is a diode, and 32 is a conductor pattern. The input wave RF input from the input terminal 21 propagates through the dielectric rod 2a, and the diode 31 mounted on the dielectric substrate 3
And is output to the dielectric rod 2b.
As shown in FIG. 35, the gap 39 and the high dielectric constant sheet 25 are inserted for matching on the signal input side. By applying a positive voltage or a negative voltage to the diode 31, it is possible to switch between the case where the input wave RF is output from the output terminal 22 and the case where it is not output.

FIG. 37 is a diagram showing an NRD guide mixer (frequency converter) having a configuration similar to that of the NRD guide switch shown in FIG. The NRD guide mixer shown in FIG. 37 inputs the input wave RF and another signal wave (not shown) from the input terminal 21, and inputs the input wave RF and the local oscillation signal wave LO.
And the intermediate frequency signal IF is output from the output end 3a of the dielectric substrate 3.

[0007]

A conventional NRD guide amplifier is constructed as shown in FIGS. 33 and 34, and a coplanar line formed by forming an input wave on a dielectric substrate in order to amplify the input wave with an FET. , And the input wave is amplified by the FET, and then the amplified input wave is converted again from the coplanar line to the NRD guide. Therefore, the structure is Z-shaped and the shape is large. In addition, since the loss is added in the conversion unit, the gain as the amplifier is reduced. Therefore, it is difficult to realize a receiver with less noise in the millimeter wave band and a transmitter with large transmission output.

Further, when the amplifiers are multi-staged to obtain a higher gain, the propagation axes of the input line and the output line are not on the same axis, so that there is little freedom in arrangement and there is a problem that the size cannot be reduced. there were.

Further, in the conventional NRD guide switch or NRD guide mixer, the propagation axes of the input line and the output line are the same, but the mode used for the input line and the output line is the basic propagation mode, and the NRD guide is used. It was not a device that used the two basic modes of the device, the basic propagation mode and the unnecessary mode. Further, the conventional NRD guide mixer requires a multiplexer or a hybrid circuit as means for synthesizing the input wave RF injected from two input terminals and the local oscillation signal wave LO into the input terminal 21. Therefore, there is a problem that the configuration becomes complicated and the loss increases.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object thereof is to obtain an NRD guide device having a small size and a low loss and a high gain.

Further, according to the present invention, the NRD guide has two features.
An object of the present invention is to obtain an NRD guide device that effectively utilizes two orthogonal non-radiation modes.

[0012]

The NRD guide device of the present invention comprises an NRD guide consisting of two metal plates and a dielectric line disposed between the two metal plates, and has an NRD having two terminals. In the guide device, one terminal is L
The SM ₀₁ mode is characterized in that the other terminal propagates a signal in the LSE ₀₁ mode.

The NRD guide device includes two dielectric lines, and the two dielectric lines are arranged via a joint so that the propagation axes are the same, and the joint is an LSM.
It is characterized in that a mode conversion circuit for converting the mode between the ₀₁ mode and the LSE ₀₁ mode is provided.

The mode conversion circuit is characterized by including a three-terminal semiconductor device.

The joint portion is further provided with a dielectric substrate on which a circuit pattern used for the mode conversion circuit and the three-terminal semiconductor device is molded.

The dielectric line is characterized by including an LSE ₀₁ mode suppressor at a predetermined distance from the junction.

The dielectric line further comprises an LSM ₀₁ mode suppressor at a predetermined distance from the junction.

The mode conversion circuit includes a first antenna section for receiving a signal excited in one mode and a second antenna section for transmitting a signal excited in the other mode. And

The first antenna section is first and second conductors having opposing patterns for connecting the first and second terminals of the three-terminal semiconductor device, respectively, and the second antenna section is , A third conductor that connects the third terminal of the three-terminal semiconductor device and that is present between the two patterns and has a predetermined gap.

The first antenna portion is a first probe formed from the outer peripheral portion of the joint portion toward the central portion of the joint portion, and the second antenna portion is orthogonal to the first probe. The second and third probes formed from the outer periphery of the joint toward the center of the joint in the direction of
The mode conversion circuit is characterized by a modified E-shaped pattern in which the first, second, and third probes are connected at the outer peripheral portion of the joint.

The three-terminal semiconductor device is a signal amplifying device, and the NRD guide device inputs an input signal from one terminal of the two terminals and outputs an amplified signal obtained by amplifying the input signal from the other terminal. It is an amplifier that operates.

The NRD guide device of the present invention is characterized in that the NRD guide devices described above are connected in cascade.

Further, the NRD guide device of the present invention is characterized by being a mode converter using a mode conversion pattern.

Further, the NRD guide device of the present invention is characterized in that the above-mentioned NRD guide device and the above-mentioned mode converter are connected in cascade.

The three-terminal semiconductor device is a signal amplifying device, and the NRD guide device inputs an input signal from one terminal of the two terminals and outputs a multiplied signal obtained by multiplying the input signal from the other terminal. It is a frequency multiplier that operates.

The NRD guide device inputs an input signal from one terminal of the two terminals, inputs a local oscillation signal from the other terminal, and mixes the input signal and the local oscillation signal by the three-terminal semiconductor device. , A frequency converter that outputs an output signal in which an input signal and a local oscillation signal are mixed from the circuit pattern.

[0027]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Embodiment 1. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of an NRD guide microwave / millimeter wave circuit.
Is an input terminal and 22 is an output terminal. Reference numeral 2a is a dielectric rod that serves as an input line, and 2b is a dielectric rod that serves as an output line. 1a and 1b are conductor plates. Reference numeral 50 is a mode conversion circuit for converting between two orthogonal non-radiative modes of the NRD guide. 100 is N in this embodiment
It is an RD guide device.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing two orthogonal non-radiative modes of the NRD guide. Figure 2 for the NRD guide
There are two non-radiative modes orthogonal to each other as shown in (a) and FIG. 2 (b). In FIG. 2, a solid arrow indicates an electric field. The dashed arrow indicates the magnetic field. Figure 2 (a)
The non-radiative mode shown in is the fundamental propagation mode,
This is called the SM ₀₁ mode. The non-radiative mode shown in FIG. 2B is an unnecessary mode and is called an LSE ₀₁ mode. Hereinafter, in this description, LS
The M ₀₁ mode will be simply referred to as the LSM mode. Further, the LSE ₀₁ mode will be simply referred to as the LSE mode. In the LSM mode, an electric field is generated in the left and right directions. On the other hand, in the LSE mode, an electric field is generated vertically.

Next, the operation of the mode conversion circuit 50 will be described with reference to FIG. In the case of FIG. 3A, an input signal is applied from the input terminal 21 in the LSM mode, and the mode conversion circuit 50 converts the signal from the LSM mode to the LSE mode signal. LSE from output terminal 22
The output signal of the mode can be taken out.

On the other hand, the case shown in FIG. 3B shows the case where the LSE mode input signal is input from the input terminal 21 and the mode conversion circuit 50 converts the LSE mode signal to the LSM mode signal. . LSM from output terminal 22
The output signal of the mode can be taken out.

The configuration shown in FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b) is
They are exactly the same, and it is possible to convert an LSM mode signal to an LSE mode signal and an LSE mode signal to an LSM mode signal only by exchanging the input terminal and the output terminal. Specific examples of the mode conversion circuit 50 will be further described in detail in the following embodiments.

As described above, in this embodiment, the NRD guide including the two metal plates arranged in parallel and the dielectric having a rectangular cross section arranged between the two metal plates is used, and the input is performed. In the NRD guide microwave / millimeter wave circuit having two terminals, the output terminal and the output terminal, one terminal is driven in the LSM mode and the other terminal is driven in the LSE mode.

Embodiment 2. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the NRD guide amplifier 101. Further, the dielectric substrate 3 on which the FET of the NRD guide amplifier 101 shown in FIG. 4 is mounted
The upper conductor pattern is shown in FIG. Also, the dielectric rod 2
FIG. 6 shows details of the FET section provided at the junction of a and 2b. FIG. 7 shows a plan view of the portion where the FET is mounted. In the figure, 1a and 1b are conductor plates, 2a and 2b are dielectric rods, 3 is a dielectric substrate having one side metallized, and 5 is F.
ET, 6 are gold wires for connecting each terminal of the FET and the conductor pattern, 8 is a bias applying line, 9 is a bias choke, 11 is a gate terminal electrode, 12 is a source terminal electrode, and 13a and 13b are drain terminal electrodes. , 21 are input terminals, and 22 is an output terminal. Reference numeral 23 is an LSM mode suppressor, 24 is an LSE mode suppressor, and 25 is a high dielectric constant sheet for matching. Further, reference numeral 26 is a conductor pattern formed on the dielectric substrate 3. Also, in the figure, for simplicity, F
A matching circuit for making the signal enter the ET efficiently, and F
Stabilizing resistors and the like for preventing unnecessary oscillation of ET are not shown.

Next, the operation will be described. FIG. 8 shows the dielectric rod 2.
It is a figure for demonstrating operation | movement of the junction part of a, 2b. In FIG. 8, 10a and 10b are horizontal antennas (also referred to as first antenna units) having a convex pattern. 10c
Is a vertical antenna (also referred to as a second antenna portion) having concave patterns on both sides of the pattern. The LSM mode input signal input from the input terminal 21 is received by the horizontal antennas 10a and 10b provided at the junction. An electric field as indicated by arrow E is generated between the horizontal antennas 10a and 10b by the LSM mode input signal input from the input terminal 21. Due to the electric field indicated by the arrow E, a voltage V1 is generated between the gate G and the source S as shown in FIG. When this voltage V1 is input to the gate G and the source S of the FET, the amplified signal is output to the drain D by the amplifying action of the FET, and as a result, as shown in FIG.
The voltage V2 is output, whereby an electric field as shown by the arrow F in FIG. 8 is generated, and the output signal having the voltage V2 is emitted from the vertical antenna 10c in the LSE mode. The electric field of the arrow E shown in FIG. 8 is the LSM shown in FIG.
It matches the electric field of the mode. The electric field indicated by the arrow F matches the electric field in the LSE mode shown in FIG. Therefore, the signal input in the LSM mode is L
It is converted into an SE mode signal and emitted.
Moreover, the input signal is output as a signal amplified by the amplifying action of the FET.

Next, the LSM mode suppressor 23 and the LSE mode suppressor 24 will be described. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the LSM mode suppressor 23. LSM shown in FIG.
The mode suppressor is formed by arranging metal strips in a comb shape so as to be parallel to the electric field direction of the LSM mode. The LSM mode suppressor 23 has a characteristic of reflecting an LSM mode signal.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the LSE mode suppressor 24. The LSE mode suppressor shown in FIG. 11 is provided with a 1 / 4λ choke in the transmission direction. The LSE mode suppressor has a characteristic of reflecting an LSE mode signal.

Next, the operations of the LSM mode suppressor 23 and the LSE mode suppressor 24 will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 12 (a), an LSM mode signal is input,
The case where the signal of LSE mode is output is shown. The mode conversion circuit 50 cannot convert all signals without waste. As shown in FIG. 12A, the mode conversion circuit 50 allows a part of the LSM mode signal to pass as indicated by an arrow M. The LSM mode suppressor 23 reflects the LSM mode signal that has passed through the mode conversion circuit 50 and inputs it to the mode conversion circuit 50 again.

On the other hand, not all LSE mode signals generated by the mode conversion circuit 50 are radiated to the output side. As shown in FIG. 12A, a part of the LSE mode signal converted by the mode conversion circuit 50 is also radiated to the input side as indicated by an arrow N. LSE
The mode suppressor 24 reflects the LSE mode signal indicated by the arrow N and radiates it to the output side. It is desirable that the LSM mode suppressor and the LSE mode suppressor are arranged at positions of approximately ¼ wavelength from the dielectric substrate 3.
The reflection characteristics can be improved by arranging at a point of approximately ¼ wavelength. Here, the term "approximately 1/4 wavelength" means that the reflection characteristic is improved by arranging it after fine adjustment rather than by placing it at 1/4 wavelength, depending on the characteristics of the NRD guide and the characteristics of mode conversion. This is because.

FIG. 12B shows an LSE mode signal at L level.
The case where the signal is converted to the SM mode signal is shown. Even in this case, the signals indicated by arrows M and N are reflected in the direction of the mode conversion circuit 50 by the LSM mode suppressor 23 and the LSE mode suppressor 24, respectively.

As described above, the LSM mode suppressor and the LS
By providing the E-mode suppressor, the NRD guide characteristic appearing at the input terminal and the output terminal is improved. In the LSM mode suppressor shown in FIG. 10, the metal strips are arranged in a comb shape so as to be parallel to the electric field direction of the LSM mode, but the LSM mode may be suppressed by other configurations. Absent. In addition, L shown in FIG.
The SE mode suppressor is provided with a 1 / 4λ choke in the transmission direction, but the LSE mode may be suppressed by other configurations. As described above, by providing the mode suppressor, the input terminal and the output terminal can be more completely separated.

As described above, in this embodiment, two NRD guides each including two metal plates arranged in parallel and a dielectric having a rectangular cross section arranged between the two metal plates are provided. The transmission axes of the two dielectrics should be the same, and
A bias circuit and a matching circuit are configured by a conductor pattern on a dielectric substrate, one surface of which is metallized with a conductor, at the junction of the dielectrics of this book, and a three-terminal semiconductor device such as a field effect transistor is formed on the dielectric substrate. It is characterized by being provided. In addition, in this embodiment, an LSE mode suppressor is provided at a predetermined position from the joint of the NRD guide, an input signal is excited in the LSM mode from the input line, and the LSM mode suppressor is connected from the joint of the NRD guide. It is characterized in that it is provided at a predetermined position and an output signal excited in the LSE mode is taken out from the output line.

Embodiment 3. In the second embodiment, the input signal is applied in the LSM mode and the output signal is taken out in the LSE mode, but in the third embodiment, the input signal is applied in the LSE mode and the output signal is taken out in the LSM mode. FIG. 13 shows the structure. NRD shown in FIG.
The guide amplifier 102 differs from the configuration of the NRD guide amplifier 101 shown in FIG. 4 in that the gate bias terminal GB and the drain bias terminal DB of the FET are reversed and the input terminal 21 and the output terminal 22 are reversed. The other parts are the same as those in the second embodiment. 14 and 1
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a conductor pattern on the dielectric substrate according to the third embodiment. FIG. 16 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the NRD guide amplifier of this embodiment. The LSE mode signal input from the input terminal has an electric field direction as shown by an arrow F. Therefore, a potential difference occurs between the vertical antenna 10c and the horizontal antenna 10b. Due to this potential difference, the FET 5 operates and performs an amplifying action. The amplified signal is output to the horizontal antenna 10a. Therefore, a potential difference is generated between the horizontal antennas 10b and 10a, and the arrow E
An electric field as shown in is generated. This electric field E generates an LSM mode signal. The LSM mode signal is output from the output terminal. In the above description, the vertical antenna 10c
Has a narrow width and a constriction in the FET mounting portion, but may have the same width without the constriction, or
You may widen the width.

As described above, in this embodiment, two NRD guides each including two metal plates arranged in parallel and a dielectric having a rectangular cross section arranged between the two metal plates are provided. The transmission axes of the two dielectrics should be the same, and
A bias circuit and a matching circuit are configured by a conductor pattern on a dielectric substrate, one surface of which is metallized with a conductor, at the junction of the dielectrics of this book, and a three-terminal semiconductor device such as a field effect transistor is formed on the dielectric substrate. It is characterized by being provided. Further, an LSM mode suppressor is provided at a predetermined position from the joint of the NRD guide, an input signal is excited from the input line in the LSE mode, and the LSE mode suppressor is operated by the NR.
It is characterized in that it is provided at a predetermined position from the joint portion of the D guide, and an output signal excited in the LSM mode is taken out from the output line.

Fourth Embodiment FIG. 17 is a diagram showing another example of the mode conversion circuit 50. FIG. 17 shows the NRD guide mode converter 103. In the figure, 49 is a modified E-shaped strip conductor. FIG. 18 is a BB cross-sectional view of the joint portion of the dielectric rods 2a and 2b. FIG. 19 shows
It is a top view of a joining part. The operation of the NRD guide mode converter 103 shown in FIGS. 17 to 19 will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIGS. 20 (a) and 20 (b),
The modified E-shaped strip conductor 49 has first to third probes 10a, 10b, 10c. The first probe 10a extends in the same direction as the LSM mode electric field 51. The second and third probes 10b and 10c are
It extends in the direction orthogonal to the first probe, that is, in the same direction as the electric field 52 of the LSM mode. Neither probe is present in the central portion of the joint, and a slit is formed between the second and third probes 10b and 10c. The first to third probes are connected using the outer peripheral portion of one half (left half in the figure) of the joint.

With respect to the modified E-shaped strip conductor 49 thus constructed, the LS as shown in FIG.
When an M-mode electric field 51 is applied, the first probe 1
0a receives the electric field in the LSM mode. A potential difference is generated in the first probe 10a, and as shown by an arrow I, the first probe 10a to the second and third probes 10b,
Current flows to 10c. Second and third probe 1
When an electric current flows as indicated by an arrow I for 0b and 10c, a voltage having the same potential is generated for each of the second and third probes 10b and 10c as shown in FIG. . Due to the generation of the voltage of the same potential, the LSE mode electric field 52 is generated. In this way, by using the modified E-shaped strip conductor 49, the LSM mode signal can be converted into the LSE mode signal. For example, the conversion loss is about 0.4 dB according to an experiment in the 14 GHz band.

Although not shown, the modified E-shaped strip conductor 49 is used to transmit an LSE mode signal to the LS.
Conversion to the M mode signal is possible by the same operation. Further, as shown in FIGS. 17 and 19, the conversion characteristic is further improved by inserting the LSM mode suppressor 23 and the LSE mode suppressor 24 together with the modified E-shaped strip conductor 49. The unnecessary mode suppression characteristics of the LSM mode suppressor 23 and the LSE mode suppressor 24 are each 30 dB or more according to the same experiment in the 14 GHz band. A feature of the NRD guide mode converter 103 of this embodiment is that the input / output terminals can be separated almost completely. An application example of this converter will be described in an embodiment described later.

As described above, in this embodiment, two NRD guides each including two metal plates arranged in parallel and a dielectric having a rectangular cross section arranged between the two metal plates are provided. The transmission axes of the two dielectrics should be the same, and
A joining portion is provided between the dielectrics of the book, and the modified E-shaped strip conductor is arranged so as to be sandwiched between the joining portions. In the modified E-shaped strip conductor, the conductor is extended from above and below the center of the joining portion toward the center to form slits at predetermined intervals, and the conductor is guided from the top and bottom of the joining portion to the outer peripheral portion and is joined at the outer peripheral portion. Connect the conductors above and below the center of
It is characterized in that a conductor is projected toward the slit in parallel with the upper and lower parallel metal plates at the center of the outer peripheral portion. Further, an LSM mode suppressor is provided on one of the NRD guides at a predetermined position from the joint portion of the NRD guides,
For the other NRD guide, an LSE mode suppressor is used for the above NR.
It is characterized in that it is provided at a predetermined position from the joint portion of the D guide.

Embodiment 5. FIG. 21 shows the NRD described above.
It shows a configuration in which guide amplifiers are connected in cascade. Figure 21
As shown in, the NRD guide amplifier 101 described in the second embodiment and the NRD guide amplifier 102 described in the third embodiment are cascade-connected to input an LSM mode signal and an amplified LSM mode signal. Can be taken out. Since the LSE mode is an unnecessary mode as described above, it is desirable to use the LSM mode which has a large loss and is a basic propagation mode as much as possible. As shown in FIG. 21, two NRD guide amplifiers 1
By cascading 01 and 102, an LSM mode signal can be input / output.

FIG. 22 is a diagram showing details of the configuration shown in FIG. When two amplifiers are connected in series, it is not necessary to provide two LSM mode suppressors 23 between the two amplifiers, and one LSM mode suppressor 23 is connected to the NRD guide amplifier 101 as shown in FIG. The NRD guide amplifier 102 can be used as both amplifiers. By also using the LSM mode suppressor 23, the overall size of the device is reduced and the loss is reduced. Further, the distance that the signal propagates in the unnecessary mode can be shortened.

Sixth Embodiment FIG. 23 shows a configuration in which the NRD guide amplifier 101 described in the second embodiment and the NRD guide mode converter 103 described in the fourth embodiment are connected in cascade. Also in the case shown in FIG. 23, an LSM mode signal can be input and finally an amplified LSM mode signal can be output.

FIG. 24 is a diagram showing details of the configuration shown in FIG. Also in FIG. 24, one LSM mode suppressor 23 is used for both the NRD guide amplifier 101 and the NRD guide mode converter 103.

Embodiment 7. FIG. 25 shows a configuration in which the NRD guide mode converter 103 described in the fourth embodiment and the NRD guide amplifier 102 described in the third embodiment are connected in cascade. Also in this embodiment, the LSM mode signal can be input and the finally amplified LSM mode signal can be output. FIG. 26 is a diagram showing details of the configuration shown in FIG. Also in FIG. 26, 1
One LSM mode suppressor 23 is used for both the NRD guide mode converter 103 and the NRD guide amplifier 102.

Embodiment 8. The configuration shown so far is
FIG. 27 is a perspective view of the NRD guide mixer 104 in the case where the NRD guide device is applied to the mixer (frequency converter) although it has the amplifier configuration. FIG. 28 is a diagram showing a conductor pattern on a dielectric substrate. FIG. 29 is a diagram showing details of the FET section. In the figure, 28 is a direct current (D
C) A DC cut capacitor for removing the component. 29
Is a coaxial line for extracting an intermediate frequency (IF) signal.
An IF output terminal 30 outputs an intermediate frequency signal.
21a and 21b are input terminals. In the above-described embodiment, the dielectric rods 2a and 2b have the input terminal and the output terminal, but in this embodiment, the two dielectric rods 2a and 2b have the input terminals 21a and 21 respectively.
b.

Next, the operation will be described. An input signal is applied from the input terminal 21a in the LSM mode. On the other hand, input terminal 2
A local oscillation signal is applied in the LSE mode from 1b. At the junction, as shown in FIG. 30, electric fields of arrow E and arrow F are generated, and a signal of an intermediate frequency in which the frequency of the input signal and the frequency of the local oscillation signal are mixed is generated between the source S and the drain D. Occurs. The DC cut condenser 28 removes a DC component generated between the source S and the drain D. In this way, the IF output terminal 30 outputs the intermediate frequency signal. By connecting the coaxial line 29 to the IF output terminal 30, the intermediate frequency signal can be taken out from the coaxial line 29.

In the above embodiment, the LSM mode is used for the signal line and the LSE mode is used for the local oscillation line, but the modes of the signal line and the local oscillation line may be switched. That is, the local oscillation signal may be input from the input terminal 21a in the LSM mode and the input signal may be applied from the input terminal 21b in the LSE mode. Furthermore, L
In SE mode, loss will increase in practice, so
The NRD guide mode converter 103 for converting the LSE mode to the LSM mode may be connected in cascade as shown in FIG. 23 or 25.

As described above, this embodiment is provided with two NRD guides each including two metal plates arranged in parallel and a dielectric having a rectangular cross section arranged between the two metal plates. The transmission axes of the two dielectrics should be the same, and
A bias circuit and a matching circuit are configured by a conductor pattern on a dielectric substrate, one surface of which is metallized with a conductor, at the junction of the individual dielectrics, and a three-terminal semiconductor device such as a field effect transistor is formed on the dielectric substrate. It is characterized by being provided. Further, an LSE mode suppressor is provided at a predetermined position from the joint portion of the NRD guide, an input signal is excited in the LSM mode from the first input line, and the LSM mode suppressor is arranged at a predetermined position from the joint portion of the NRD guide. The local oscillation signal is excited in the LSE mode from the second input line, and the output signal after frequency mixing is extracted from the conductor pattern on the dielectric substrate.

Ninth Embodiment The configuration shown so far is
The configuration of the amplifier and mixer was NRD.
It is a perspective view of the NRD guide frequency multiplier 105 when a guide device is applied to a frequency multiplier.

Next, the operation will be described. Input terminal 21 to L
Apply the input signal in SE mode. The FET 5 amplifies this input signal to output a signal including the multiplied frequency in the LSM mode. This LSM mode multiplied signal is taken out from the output terminal 22.

In the above embodiment, the LSE mode is used for the input line and the LSM mode is used for the output line.
The signal line and the output line may be exchanged. That is, L
It is also possible to apply the input signal in the SM mode and take out the multiplied output signal in the LSE mode. When the signal line and the output line are exchanged, the FET as shown in FIG.
The terminals are connected, and the gate terminal and the drain terminal are interchanged. Furthermore, in LSE mode,
Since the loss will increase in practice, LSE mode to LSM
The NRD guide mode converter 103 for converting the mode to
The configuration may be such that cascade connection is performed as shown in FIG. 23 or FIG.

As described above, in this embodiment, two NRD guides each including two metal plates arranged in parallel and a dielectric having a rectangular cross section arranged between the two metal plates are provided. The transmission axes of the two dielectrics should be the same, and
A bias circuit and a matching circuit are configured by a conductor pattern on a dielectric substrate, one surface of which is metallized with a conductor, at the junction of the dielectrics of this book, and a three-terminal semiconductor device such as a field effect transistor is formed on the dielectric substrate. It is characterized in that it is provided and a multiplied output signal is taken out.

FIG. 32 shows amplification characteristics when the NRD guide amplifier 101 and the NRD guide mode converter 103 shown in FIG. 23 are connected in cascade. Therefore, the LSM mode is used for both the input signal and the output signal. The amplification characteristic is the distance between the junction and the LSM mode suppressor, and
The distance between the junction and the LSE mode suppressor can be controlled as a parameter. Further, the amplification characteristic can be controlled by using the thickness of the high dielectric constant sheet 25 as a parameter. FIG. 32 is a diagram showing an example of characteristics. In FIG. 32, S ₂₁ indicates the amplification characteristic seen from the output side. Also, the amplification characteristics seen from the S ₁₂ input side are shown. As can be seen from FIG. 32, 1.3
An average gain of 5 dB is obtained in the band above GHz. Although not shown, there is also a case where a maximum gain of 11 dB can be obtained by changing the parameters described above, although the gain is narrow band.

As shown in FIG. 32, the NRD guide device utilizing two orthogonal non-radiative modes can obtain good amplification characteristics by a simple parameter adjustment method. Also, this amplifier can be connected in multiple stages,
By using the D guide mode converter and the mode suppressor, more excellent characteristics can be exhibited.

The above embodiments are summarized as follows. The NRD guide amplifier according to the present invention is
For the input line or output line of the D guide, both the basic propagation mode LSM mode and generally the unnecessary mode LSE mode are positively used, and the input line or output line is LSE mode suppressor or LSM mode suppressor. The input / output NRD guides are arranged so that their propagation axes are the same.
At the connection portion of the guide, the FET is mounted on a dielectric substrate that forms a strip line such as a coplanar line.

Further, the NRD guide mode converter according to the present invention cuts the dielectric rod forming the NRD guide,
A modified E-shaped conductor plate is sandwiched between the two joints, one NRD guide is provided with an LSE mode suppressor, and the other N-guide is provided.
The RD guide is provided with an LSM mode suppressor.

The NRD guide multistage amplifier according to the present invention is characterized in that the NRD guide amplifiers and the NRD guide amplifiers are connected in cascade.

The NRD guide amplifier according to the present invention is characterized in that the NRD guide amplifier and the NRD guide mode converter are connected in series.

The NRD guide amplifier according to the present invention is characterized in that the NRD guide mode converter and the NRD guide amplifier are connected in cascade.

The NRD guide mixer according to the present invention uses the LSM mode, which is the basic propagation mode of the NRD guide, for the signal input line and the LSE mode, which is generally an unnecessary mode, for the local oscillation signal line. LSE mode suppressor on the line and LSM on the local oscillation signal input line
The structure has a mode suppressor, and the input / output NR
The D guides are arranged so that their propagation axes are the same, and the FETs are mounted on the dielectric substrate that forms the strip line such as the coplanar line at the connection portion of the input and output NRD guides. It is characterized in that an intermediate frequency signal which is a mixed wave is taken out from.

The NRD guide frequency multiplier according to the present invention uses the LSE mode, which is an unnecessary mode, for the signal input line and the LSM mode, which is the basic propagation mode of the NRD guide, for the multiplication output line. To LSM
The mode suppressor has a structure in which the LSE mode suppressor is provided in the multiplied output line, and the input and output NRD guides are arranged so that their propagation axes are the same, and the coplanar connection is provided at the connection portion of the input and output NRD guides. It is characterized in that an FET is mounted on a dielectric substrate that constitutes a stripline such as a line.

According to the NRD guide device of the present invention, the basic mode LSM and the unnecessary mode LSE are used.
Is used as an input or output line, and the two modes are orthogonal, and the input and output can be separated by utilizing the characteristic that they are not coupled to each other.

Further, according to the present invention, since the input / output lines can be arranged so that their propagation axes are the same (in-line), the amplifier and the multistage amplifier can be downsized. Further, in the mixer, the input signal and the local oscillation signal are LSE
Since the terminals can be separated depending on the mode and the LSM mode, a multiplexing circuit or a hybrid circuit, which has been conventionally required, is not required, and a compact and low noise mixer can be obtained. Further, in the multiplier, a multiplexing circuit for separating the input signal and the output signal is not required, and a compact and high-gain frequency multiplier can be obtained.

Further, the NRD used in the conventional amplifier
Since the loss in the conversion portion from the guide to the line on the dielectric substrate on which the FET such as the coplanar line is mounted can be reduced, a high gain or low noise amplifier can be obtained in the millimeter wave band.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a basic configuration of an NRD guide device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing two orthogonal non-radiative modes of the NRD guide of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the mode conversion circuit of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the NRD guide amplifier of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a conductor pattern on a dielectric substrate of the NRD guide amplifier of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing details of a FET section of the NRD guide amplifier of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a plan view of a junction portion of the NRD guide amplifier of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the NRD guide amplifier of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an operation of the FET of the NRD guide of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an LSM mode suppressor used in the NRD guide of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an LSE mode suppressor used in the NRD guide of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating operations of the LSM mode suppressor and the LSE mode suppressor according to the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a perspective view of the NRD guide amplifier of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a conductor pattern on a dielectric substrate of the NRD guide amplifier of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing details of the FET section of the NRD guide amplifier of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the NRD guide amplifier of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a perspective view of an NRD guide mode converter using the NRD guide of the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a sectional view of an NRD guide mode converter using the NRD guide of the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a plan view of an NRD guide mode converter using the NRD guide of the present invention.

FIG. 20 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the NRD guide mode converter of the present invention.

FIG. 21 is a diagram showing a cascade connection of NRD guide amplifiers according to the present invention.

FIG. 22 is a diagram showing details of the cascade connection of the NRD guide amplifier of the present invention.

FIG. 23 is a diagram showing a cascade connection of an NRD guide amplifier and an NRD guide mode converter according to the present invention.

FIG. 24 is a diagram showing details of the cascade connection of the NRD guide amplifier and the NRD guide mode converter of the present invention.

FIG. 25 is an NRD guide mode converter of the present invention and N
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a cascade connection of RD guide amplifiers.

FIG. 26 is an NRD guide mode converter of the present invention and N
FIG. 6 shows details of the cascade connection of RD guide amplifiers.

FIG. 27 is a perspective view of the NRD guide mixer of the present invention.

FIG. 28 is a diagram showing a conductor pattern of a dielectric substrate of the NRD guide mixer of the present invention.

FIG. 29 is a diagram showing details of the FET section of the NRD guide mixer of the present invention.

FIG. 30 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the NRD guide mixer of the present invention.

FIG. 31 is a diagram showing an NRD guide frequency multiplier according to the present invention.

FIG. 32 is a diagram showing an amplification characteristic of the NRD guide amplifier of the present invention.

FIG. 33 is a diagram showing a conventional NRD guide amplifier.

FIG. 34 is a diagram showing an operation of a conventional NRD guide amplifier.

FIG. 35 is a diagram showing a conventional NRD guide switch.

FIG. 36 is a diagram showing a conductor pattern on a dielectric substrate of a conventional NRD guide switch.

FIG. 37 is a diagram showing a conventional NRD guide mixer.

[Explanation of symbols]

1a, 1b conductor plate, 2a, 2b dielectric rod, 3 dielectric substrate, 4a, 4b coplanar line, 5 FET, 6, 6
a, 6b Gold wire, 7a, 7b Line conversion part, 8, 8
a, 8b bias applying line, 9, 9a, 9b bias choke, 10a, 10b horizontal antenna, 10c
Vertical antenna, 11 gate terminal electrode, 12 source terminal electrode, 13a, 13b drain terminal electrode, 21 input terminal, 22 output terminal, 23 LSM mode suppressor,
24 LSE mode suppressor, 25 high dielectric constant sheet, 2
6 conductor pattern, 28 DC cut capacitor, 29
Coaxial line, 30 IF output terminal, 49 modified E-shaped strip conductor, 50 mode conversion circuit, 51 LSM ₀₁ electric field, 52 LSE ₀₁ electric field, 100 NRD guide device, 101, 102 NRD guide amplifier, 103 N
RD guide mode converter, 104 NRD guide mixer, 105 NRD guide frequency multiplier.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Kenji Ito 2-3-3 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Mitsubishi Electric Corporation (72) Kenji Kawakami 2-3-2 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Mitsubishi Electric Incorporated (72) Inventor Hinoemie Shigeshi Marunouchi 2-3-3, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Mitsubishi Electric Co., Ltd. (56) Reference JP-A-8-65004 (JP, A) JP-A-63-185101 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) H01P 3/16 H01P 1/16 H01P 1/219 H01P 5/08 H03D 9/06 JISST file (JOIS)

Claims (15)

(57) [Claims] 1. An NRD guide device having two terminals, comprising an NRD guide including two metal plates and two dielectric lines arranged between the two metal plates, one terminal of which is LSM. _{In 01} mode, the other terminal propagates the signal in LSE ₀₁ mode, and joins the above two dielectric lines so that their propagation axes are the same.
And the joint is placed in the LSM ₀₁ mode.
Mode conversion times to convert mode to / from LSE ₀₁ mode
With the road, the mode conversion circuit, NRD guide device according to claim <br/> further comprising a three-terminal semiconductor device. Wherein said joint further, NRD according to claim 1, further comprising a dielectric substrate obtained by molding a circuit pattern to be utilized and the mode converter and the three-terminal semiconductor device guide apparatus. Wherein said dielectric waveguide, NRD guide according to claim 1 or 2, wherein comprising the LSE ₀₁ mode suppressor at a predetermined distance from the junction. Wherein said dielectric waveguide further, NRD guide device according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that it comprises a LSM ₀₁ mode suppressor at a predetermined distance from the junction. 5. The mode conversion circuit includes a first antenna section for receiving a signal excited in one mode and a second antenna section for transmitting a signal excited in the other mode. The NRD guide device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 . 6. Between two metal plates and the two metal plates
NRD guide consisting of two dielectric lines arranged in
In the NRD guide device equipped with two terminals,
Kata terminal in the LSM ₀₁ mode, and the other terminal LSE ₀₁ mode
Signal is propagated through the cable, and the two dielectric lines are joined so that their propagation axes are the same.
And the joint is placed in the LSM ₀₁ mode.
Mode conversion times to convert mode to / from LSE ₀₁ mode
With the road, the mode conversion circuit includes a first antenna portion for receiving the excitation signal in one mode, further comprising a second antenna unit for transmitting an excitation signal in the other mode N RD guide device shall be the features. 7. The mode conversion circuit is a three-terminal semiconductor device.
7. The NRD according to claim 6, further comprising a vise.
Guide device. 8. The first antenna section is a first and a second conductor having opposing patterns for connecting the first and second terminals of the three-terminal semiconductor device, respectively, and the second antenna. Is the third of the above-mentioned three-terminal semiconductor device.
The NRD guide device according to claim 7, wherein the NRD guide device is a third conductor which is connected between the terminals of the above and is present between the two patterns and has a predetermined gap. 9. The first antenna portion is a first probe formed from an outer peripheral portion of the joint portion toward a central portion of the joint portion, and the second antenna portion is the first probe. A second and a third probe formed from an outer peripheral portion of the joint portion toward a central portion of the joint portion in a direction orthogonal to the above, wherein the mode conversion circuit includes the first, second and third probes. 7. The N according to claim 5 or 6 , characterized in that it is a modified E-shaped pattern in which the above are connected at the outer peripheral portion of the joint.
RD guide device. 10. The three-terminal semiconductor device is a signal amplification device, the NRD guide device the two
Of inputs the input signal from the one terminal of the terminal, NRD guide according to claim 1 or 7, wherein the input signal from the other terminal is an amplifier for outputting an amplified signal amplified. 11. An NR, wherein the NRD guide devices according to any one of claims 1 to 10 are cascade-connected.
D guide device. 12. A metal plate comprising two metal plates and the two metal plates
NRD guide consisting of two dielectric lines arranged between
In the NRD guide device having two terminals,
One terminal is in LSM ₀₁ mode, the other terminal is LSE ₀₁
The signal is propagated in the mode, and the two dielectric lines are joined so that their propagation axes are the same.
And the joint is placed in the LSM ₀₁ mode.
Mode conversion times to convert mode to / from LSE ₀₁ mode
An NRD guide device comprising a path and the mode conversion circuit is a mode converter having a modified E-shaped pattern. 13. An NRD guide device comprising a cascade connection of the NRD guide device according to any one of claims 1 to 10 and the NRD guide device according to claim 12. 14. The three-terminal semiconductor device is a signal amplification device, the NRD guide device the two
NR of the inputs an input signal from one terminal of the terminal, according to claim 1 or 7, wherein the input signal from the other terminal, characterized in that a frequency multiplier for outputting a multiplied signal by multiplying
D guide device. 15. The NRD guide apparatus inputs an input signal from one terminal of the two terminals, inputs a local oscillation signal from the other terminal, and inputs an input signal by the three-terminal semiconductor device. 3. The NRD guide device according to claim 2 , wherein the frequency converter is a frequency converter that mixes a local oscillation signal and outputs an output signal in which the input signal and the local oscillation signal are mixed from the circuit pattern.