JP3358666B2 - Synchronous motor - Google Patents
Synchronous motorInfo
- Publication number
- JP3358666B2 JP3358666B2 JP15443292A JP15443292A JP3358666B2 JP 3358666 B2 JP3358666 B2 JP 3358666B2 JP 15443292 A JP15443292 A JP 15443292A JP 15443292 A JP15443292 A JP 15443292A JP 3358666 B2 JP3358666 B2 JP 3358666B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- rotor
- winding
- windings
- phase
- cores
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Motor And Converter Starters (AREA)
- Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
Description
【0001】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、誘導電動機として自己
起動し、同期運転に切り換える同期電動機に関する。The present invention relates to a self- contained induction motor.
The present invention relates to a synchronous motor that starts up and switches to synchronous operation.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】一般の同期電動機は、その回転子を固定
子巻線の作る回転磁界の回転速度すなわち同期速度近く
まで加速する起動機と、回転子巻線を直流励磁するため
のブラシ及び直流電源が必要である。2. Description of the Related Art A general synchronous motor has a starter for accelerating its rotor to a rotational speed of a rotating magnetic field generated by a stator winding, that is, near a synchronous speed, and a DC excitation for the rotor winding.
Brush and DC power supply are required.
【0003】この起動機を省略して同期電動機自体に起
動トルクを持たせるようにしたのが誘導同期電動機であ
る。これは起動時には回転子巻線を短絡して誘導電動機
として起動するために起動機を必要としないが、同期運
転に必要な回転子巻線の直流励磁のためにブラシを必要
とする。すなわち、回転子の回転速度が同期速度に近づ
くと回転子巻線の短絡を開放して外部の直流電源からブ
ラシを介して回転子巻線に直流電流を流して回転子に磁
極を作り、この磁極が固定子巻線の作る回転磁界に引っ
張られて回転子は同期速度で回転する。しかしながら、
このブラシ付き電動機は保守点検を必要とすることから
保守費が嵩み、ブラシレス構造で自己起動が可能な同期
電動機が望まれている。[0003] An induction synchronous motor is one in which the starter is omitted and the synchronous motor itself has a starting torque. This does not require a start motor for starting the induction motor by short-circuiting the rotor winding on startup, requiring brushes for DC excitation of rotor windings required for synchronous operation. That is, when the rotation speed of the rotor approaches the synchronous speed, the short circuit of the rotor winding is opened, and a DC current is supplied from an external DC power supply to the rotor winding via a brush to create a magnetic pole in the rotor. The magnetic poles are pulled by the rotating magnetic field generated by the stator winding, and the rotor rotates at a synchronous speed. However ,
Since the brushed motor requires maintenance and inspection, maintenance costs are increased, and a self-starting synchronous motor having a brushless structure is desired.
【0004】このブラシレス構造の同期電動機として
は、回転子巻線にダイオ−ドを接続してインバ−タ−の
方形波電圧による高調波磁界を利用するブラシレス自励
形三相同期電動機があるが、これは回転子の界磁起磁力
が不足で十分な出力が得られない欠点がある。As a synchronous motor of the brushless structure diode in the rotor winding - inverter by connecting the de - data - there is a square-wave voltage brushless self-excited three-phase synchronous motor utilizing harmonic magnetic field by This is disadvantageous in that sufficient output cannot be obtained due to insufficient field magnetomotive force of the rotor.
【0005】更に、前記のインバータ駆動のブラシレス
同期電動機であって、三相の固定子巻線の一相にダイオ
−ドを挿入して固定子の作る正逆相分回転磁界に静止磁
界を重畳し、同期速度付近で回転する回転子巻線に静止
磁界と逆相分回転磁界による交流電圧を誘起させて、こ
れをダイオ−ドで整流することによって回転子巻線を直
流励磁して、正相分回転磁界を作用させて同期トルクを
発生するブラシレス自励形三相同期電動機があるが、こ
れも誘導機始動が不可能なために、回転子鉄心の渦電流
による起動となり起動トルクが小さいという欠点があ
る。[0005] Further , the inverter-driven brushless described above.
A synchronous motor in which a stationary magnetic field is superimposed on a rotating magnetic field for the normal and reverse phases created by a stator by inserting a diode into one phase of a three-phase stator winding, and the rotor winding rotates near a synchronous speed. An AC voltage is induced in the wire by the stationary magnetic field and the rotating magnetic field of the opposite phase , and this is rectified by a diode to excite the rotor windings to direct current and apply the rotating magnetic field of the positive phase to generate the synchronous torque. Although there are brushless self-excited three-phase synchronous electric motor that generates, this
In this case, since the induction motor cannot be started, the rotor is started by the eddy current of the rotor core, and there is a disadvantage that the starting torque is small.
【0006】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】以上のことから、一般
の誘導電動機と同様の起動トルクと保守の簡便性を有し
ながらも誘導機運転から同期運転への移行が簡単にで
き、しかも同期トルクが大きくブラシレスで保守の容易
な同期電動機の提供を技術的課題とする。From the above, it is possible to easily shift from induction motor operation to synchronous operation while having the same starting torque and simplicity of maintenance as those of a general induction motor, and furthermore, the synchronous torque Large and brushless for easy maintenance
It is a technical task to provide a simple synchronous motor.
【0007】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】本出願人は前記課題を解
決するために、同一回転軸上に任意の間隔をおいて設け
た2個の回転子コアを有し、該2個の回転子コアのそれ
ぞれに回転子巻線を設けてそれぞれ直列に接続すると共
に該回転子巻線の接続点に並列にダイオ−ドを接続した
回転子と、前記2個の回転子コアに対向して周設した2
個の固定子コアを有し、該2個の固定子コアのそれぞれ
に、前記回転子巻線と磁気的に結合した主巻線と該主巻
線の磁界によって電圧が誘起される励磁巻線とを設ける
と共に、2個の固定子コアの励磁巻線をダイオ−ドを介
して直列に接続した2個の固定子と、2個の固定子コア
のそれぞれの主巻線のうち、一方の主巻線がこれに対峙
する回転子コアの周囲に生じる回転磁界と他の主巻線が
これに対峙する回転子コアの周囲に生じる回転磁界との
間に、始動時と同期引き入れ時の2つの位相差を生じさ
せる移相装置とにより構成した。In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present applicant has two rotor cores provided at arbitrary intervals on the same rotating shaft, and the two rotor cores are provided. A rotor in which rotor windings are provided in each of the cores and connected in series, and a diode is connected in parallel to a connection point of the rotor windings, and a rotor is provided facing the two rotor cores. Established 2
And a main winding magnetically coupled to the rotor winding and a main winding , respectively, each of the two stator cores .
Excitation windings in which a voltage is induced by the magnetic field of the wire are provided, and two stators in which excitation windings of two stator cores are connected in series via a diode; and two stators. core
Of each primary winding of a rotating magnetic field generated around the rotor core in which one of the main rotating magnetic field produced around the rotor core windings facing to the other main windings facing thereto In the meantime, a phase shift device for generating two phase differences at the time of starting and at the time of synchronizing is provided.
【0008】また、同一回転軸上に任意の間隔をおいて
設けた2個の回転子コアを有し、該2個の回転子コアの
それぞれに三相の回転子巻線を設けてそれぞれ直列に接
続すると共に該回転子巻線の接続点に並列にダイオ−ド
を接続した回転子と、前記2個の回転子コアに対向して
周設した2個の固定子コアを有し、該2個の固定子コア
のそれぞれに、前記回転子巻線と磁気的に結合した三相
の主巻線と、該主巻線の回転磁界によって電圧が誘起さ
れる励磁巻線とを設けると共に、2個の固定子コアの励
磁巻線をダイオ−ドを介して直列に接続した2個の固定
子と、2個の固定子コアのそれぞれの主巻線のうち、一
方の主巻線がこれに対峙する回転子コアの周囲に生じる
回転磁界と他の主巻線がこれに対峙する回転子コアの周
囲に生じる回転磁界との間に、始動時に0゜と同期引き
入れ時に180゜の2つの位相差を生じさせる移相装置
とにより構成した。 以上の同期電動機において、前記
移相装置は、2個の固定子のうちいずれか一方の固定子
主巻線の電源との接続を切り換える切り換えスイッチか
らなることにより前記課題を解決するための手段とし
た。更に励磁巻線は、単相巻線であっても三相巻線であ
ってもよい。 In addition, at an arbitrary interval on the same rotation axis,
It has two rotor cores provided, and the two rotor cores
Provide three-phase rotor windings for each and connect them in series.
And a diode connected in parallel to the rotor winding connection point.
And a rotor facing the two rotor cores.
Having two stator cores arranged therearound, wherein the two stator cores
Each of the three phases magnetically coupled with the rotor winding
Voltage is induced by the main winding and the rotating magnetic field of the main winding.
And the excitation windings of the two stator cores are provided.
Two fixed magnetic windings connected in series via a diode
And one of the main windings of each of the two stator cores.
Main winding is formed around the opposing rotor core
The circumference of the rotor core where the rotating magnetic field and other main windings face it
Synchronize with the rotating magnetic field generated in the
Phase shift device for generating two phase differences of 180 ° when inserted
And was constituted by. In the above synchronous motor,
The phase shifter is one of the two stators
Is it a switch that switches the connection of the main winding to the power supply?
The present invention is a means for solving the above-mentioned problem. Further, the excitation winding may be a single-phase winding or a three-phase winding.
You may.
【0009】[0009]
【作用】複数固定子構成の誘導電動機に設けられる移相
装置の作用について本出願人は特開昭61−12831
4号においてその詳細を説明している。The applicant of the present invention discloses an operation of a phase shifter provided in an induction motor having a plurality of stators.
No. 4 explains the details.
【0010】本発明によると、同一回転軸上に任意の間
隔をおいて設けた2個の回転子コアを有し、該2個の回
転子コアのそれぞれに回転子巻線を設けてそれぞれ直列
に接続すると共に該回転子巻線の接続点に並列にダイオ
−ドを接続した回転子と、前記2個の回転子コアに対向
して周設した2個の固定子コアを有し、該2個の固定子
コアのそれぞれに、前記回転子巻線と磁気的に結合した
主巻線と該主巻線の磁界によって電圧が誘起される励磁
巻線とを設けると共に、2個の固定子コアの励磁巻線を
ダイオ−ドを介して直列に接続した2個の固定子と、2
個の固定子コア のそれぞれの主巻線のうち、一方の主巻
線がこれに対峙する回転子コアの周囲に生じる回転磁界
と他の主巻線がこれに対峙する回転子コアの周囲に生じ
る回転磁界との間に、始動時と同期引き入れ時の2つの
位相差を生じさせる移相装置とにより構成した。According to the present invention, there are provided two rotor cores provided at an arbitrary interval on the same rotation axis, and a rotor winding is provided on each of the two rotor cores to form a series connection. And a rotor having a diode connected in parallel to a connection point of the rotor windings, and two stator cores circumferentially opposed to the two rotor cores. Each of the two stator cores is provided with a main winding magnetically coupled to the rotor winding and an excitation winding whose voltage is induced by the magnetic field of the main winding. Stators in which excitation windings of two stator cores are connected in series via a diode;
Of each of the main windings of the number of stator cores, one primary winding
Between the rotating magnetic field generated around the rotor core where the wire faces it and the rotating magnetic field generated around the rotor core where the other main winding faces it, there are two < and a phase shifter for generating a phase difference.
【0011】この構成によると、起動時には2個の固定
子コアのそれぞれに設けた主巻線の回転磁界によって、
2個の回転子コアの回転子巻線に誘起される電圧が同相
になるようにすなわち2個の回転子コアの回転子巻線を
環流する電流が流れて、回転子巻線の接続点に並列に設
けたダイオ−ドには電流が流れないように移相装置を作
動させて一般の誘導電動機として起動する。またこのと
き同時に励磁巻線にそれぞれ電圧が誘起するが、これら
の電圧は、それぞれ逆方向に生じるのでダイオ−ドを通
じて流れる環流電流とはならず、結果として励磁巻線に
は電流が流れない。According to this configuration, at the time of startup, the rotating magnetic field of the main winding provided on each of the two stator cores causes
A current circulating through the rotor windings of the two rotor cores flows so that the voltages induced in the rotor windings of the two rotor cores have the same phase, and the current flows through the connection points of the rotor windings. diode provided in parallel - to de start by operating the phase shifting device so no current flows as a general induction motor. At this time, voltages are simultaneously induced in the exciting windings.
Voltage, because each occurs in the reverse direction diode - not the circulating current flowing through the de, the resulting excitation windings
Current does not flow.
【0012】起動後、回転子の回転速度は上昇して回転
磁界の回転速度すなわち同期速度に近づく。ここまでは
誘導電動機としての作用である。次にすべりがS=0.
05に近づいたときに移相装置を作動させると電動機は
同期運転に入る。これはつぎのように作用する。After startup, the rotation speed of the rotor increases and approaches the rotation speed of the rotating magnetic field, that is, the synchronous speed . Up to this point, the operation is as an induction motor . Next, the slip is S = 0.
When the phase shift device is operated when approaching 05, the motor enters a synchronous operation. This works as follows.
【0013】2個の固定子主巻線のうち一方の固定子主
巻線がこれに対峙する回転子コアの周囲に生じる回転磁
界と他の固定子主巻線がこれに対峙する回転子コアの周
囲に生じる回転磁界との間にθ=180゜の位相差を生
じさせるように移相装置を作動させる。A rotating magnetic field generated around a rotor core in which one of the two stator main windings faces the rotor core and a rotor core in which the other stator main winding faces the rotor core The phase shift device is operated so as to generate a phase difference of θ = 180 ° with the rotating magnetic field generated around the phase shifter.
【0014】これら回転磁界によって、2個の回転子巻
線に誘起した電圧は180゜の位相差角を持つので、こ
れまで流れていた環流電流は流れなくなり、回転子巻線
の接続点に並列に設けたダイオ−ドを通じて電流が流れ
るようになる。このとき、励磁巻線には直列に接続した
ダイオ−ドを通して同方向の電圧が誘起するのでダイオ
ードは導通し、励磁巻線に整流された環流電流が流れ、
2個の励磁巻線には位 相が180゜異なる静止磁界が作
られている。この静止磁界によって2個の回転子巻線に
は電圧が誘起し、この電圧による環流電流は流れず、2
個の回転子巻線の接続点に並列に設けたダイオ−ドを通
じて整流された電流が流れる。したがって、回転子巻線
を流れる整流電流による直流分によって、回転子は直流
励磁されて磁極を形成し、固定子の主巻線の回転磁界と
の間に同期トルクを生じて電動機は同期運転する。 The voltages induced in the two rotor windings by these rotating magnetic fields have a phase difference angle of 180 °.
Eliminating circulating current flows which has been flowing to Re, diode provided in parallel to the connection point of the rotor winding - so the current flows through the de. At this time, diode the excitation winding connected in series - so through a de voltage in the same direction to induce diode
The rectified current flows through the excitation winding ,
The two excitation windings stationary magnetic field-of-phase difference of 180 ° are made. A voltage is induced in the two rotor windings by the static magnetic field, and a circulating current does not flow due to this voltage.
A rectified current flows through a diode provided in parallel with the connection point between the rotor windings . Accordingly, the DC component by rectifying a current flowing in the rotor windings, the rotor current
The motor is excited to form a magnetic pole, and a synchronous torque is generated between the magnetic field and the rotating magnetic field of the main winding of the stator, so that the motor operates synchronously.
【0015】ここで同期トルクを考察してみるに、2個
の固定子のうち一方の固定子が作る回転磁界の位相が他
の固定子が作る回転磁界の位相よりも180゜移相され
るが、前記励磁巻線の静止磁界によって、一方の固定子
と対峙する回転子の回転子巻線に流れるダイオ−ドで整
流された電流の方向も他の回転子巻線に流れるダイオ−
ドで整流された電流の方向とは逆方向になるので、同期
トルクはすべての回転子において同一の方向となり、同
期トルクはすべて加算されたものとなって、本発明の同
期電動機は2個の固定子ではあるがその合計の容量は従
来のブラシを有する誘導同期電動機と同等である。Considering the synchronous torque, the phase of the rotating magnetic field generated by one of the two stators is shifted by 180 ° from the phase of the rotating magnetic field generated by the other stator. However, due to the static magnetic field of the excitation winding, the direction of the current rectified by the diode flowing through the rotor winding of the rotor facing one of the stators is also changed by the diode flowing through the other rotor winding.
In this case, the synchronous torque is in the same direction in all the rotors, and the synchronous torques are all added, and the synchronous motor of the present invention has two synchronous motors. Although it is a stator, its total capacity is equivalent to an induction synchronous motor having a conventional brush.
【0016】励磁巻線の静止磁界で回転子に誘起する電
圧によって回転子巻線に整流された直流電流が流れて、
回転子巻線が直流界磁巻線の作用をするので、同期トル
クが大きく、ブラシなどの保守を必要としない同期電動
機を提供することが可能となった。A rectified DC current flows through the rotor winding by a voltage induced in the rotor by the static magnetic field of the exciting winding,
Since the rotor winding acts as a DC field winding , it is possible to provide a synchronous motor that has a large synchronous torque and does not require maintenance such as a brush.
【0017】このように誘導電動機から起動して同期電
動機への移行を移相装置による切り換えによって行う
が、この移相装置は2個の固定子のうち一方の固定子が
作る回転磁界の位相と他の固定子が作る回転磁界の位相
との間に電気角でθ=180゜の位相差角を設けるよう
にしたもので、本発明においては2個の固定子のいずれ
か一方の固定子巻線の極性を入れ換えるように、固定子
巻線の端子をスイッチで切り換えて電源に接続するよう
にしてある。このほか位相差を設ける方法としては、回
転軸を中心にいずれか一方の固定子を回動させることに
よって設けることも可能であるが、本発明のように切り
換えを瞬時に行う必要があるものにおいてはスイッチに
よる切り換えの方が迅速且つ正確に切り換え可能とな
る。As described above, the switching from the induction motor to the synchronous motor is performed by switching by the phase shift device. This phase shift device is configured to change the phase of the rotating magnetic field generated by one of the two stators. A phase difference angle of θ = 180 ° in electrical angle is provided between the phase of the rotating magnetic field produced by another stator and the stator winding of one of the two stators in the present invention. The terminals of the stator windings are switched by switches so that the polarities of the wires are switched, and the terminals are connected to a power supply. In addition, as a method of providing a phase difference, it is also possible to provide the phase difference by rotating one of the stators about a rotation axis. However, in a method in which switching needs to be performed instantaneously as in the present invention. Can be quickly and accurately switched by a switch.
【0018】ところで前記固定子励磁巻線は単相、三相
を問わず何れでも可能である。Incidentally, the stator excitation winding can be any of single phase and three phase.
【0019】[0019]
【発明の効果】以上の構成から本発明の同期電動機は、
起動を従来の誘導電動機と同様のトルク特性で行い、回
転子の速度がたとえばすべりS=0.05付近から同期
速度に移行して同期電動機のトルク特性で運転するもの
である。この同期電動機は起動機や直流電源、またブラ
シを必要としないから、その構造や構成が簡単となるだ
けでなく、従来の誘導電動機と同様のトルク特性で起動
できるので重負荷がかかったままでも起動から同期への
移行が可能となる。As described above, the synchronous motor of the present invention has the following features.
Start performed in torque characteristics as in the conventional induction motor, times
The rotator speed shifts from, for example, near the slip S = 0.05 to the synchronous speed, and the motor is operated with the torque characteristics of the synchronous motor. This synchronous motor does not require a starter, a DC power supply, or a brush, so not only is its structure and configuration simple, but it can also be started with the same torque characteristics as a conventional induction motor, and It is possible to shift from startup to synchronization even if it is still running.
【0020】ところで、本発明の同期電動機は、誘導電
動機と同期電動機との両方のトルク特性を備えるから、
どちらの電動機のトルク特性でも使用可能である。この
ことは同期速度で運転中、何らかの原因で脱調した場合
でも同期電動機のトルク特性から誘導電動機のトルク特
性に切り換えて運転することが可能であるから、一般の
同期電動機のように電動機が急激に停止することはな
い。By the way, the synchronous motor of the present invention has the torque characteristics of both the induction motor and the synchronous motor.
The torque characteristics of either motor can be used. This means that the motor can be switched from the torque characteristic of the synchronous motor to the torque characteristic of the induction motor even when stepping out for some reason during operation at the synchronous speed. it is possible to stop the
No.
【0021】以上のようにブラシがなく複雑な構成を必
要としないから、保守点検が容易であり、起動トルクの
大きい同期電動機の提供が可能となった。As described above, since there is no brush and no complicated structure is required , maintenance and inspection are easy and a synchronous motor having a large starting torque can be provided.
【0022】[0022]
【実施例】本発明は主として2個の固定子主巻線を電源
に対して並列に接続し、それら巻線をスタ−結線にした
例について説明するが、電源に対して直列でもまたデル
タ結線でも良く本例に限定されることはない。また回転
子巻線の場合も同様である。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In the present invention, two main stator windings are connected in parallel to a power supply, and the windings are connected in a star connection .
Although an example will be described, the power supply may be connected in series or in a delta connection, and the present invention is not limited to this example. The same applies to the case of the rotor winding.
【0023】すでに本出願人は特公平2−27920号
として本発明の構成の一部である複数固定子からなる誘
導電動機の構成、作用の詳細な説明を行っている。たと
えば、電圧移相装置によって複数個の固定子の内、特定
の固定子がこれに対峙する回転子の周囲に生じる回転磁
界と他の固定子がこれに対峙する回転子の周囲に生じる
回転磁界との間の位相差を、たとえば同相すなわち電気
角で0゜とした場合、回転子導体に流れる電流は回転子
導体を還流し、たとえば電気角で180゜とした場合、
回転子導体に流れる電流は回転子コア間で回転子導体間
を連結した連結材を通じて流れることなどを詳説してい
る。The applicant has already described in detail Japanese Patent Publication No. 2-27920 the structure and operation of an induction motor comprising a plurality of stators, which is a part of the structure of the present invention. For example, among a plurality of stators, a rotating magnetic field is generated around a rotor facing a specific stator and a rotating magnetic field is generated around a rotor facing the other stator. For example, if the phase difference between and is 0 ° in phase, that is, the electrical angle, the current flowing through the rotor conductor returns to the rotor conductor, for example, if the electrical angle is 180 °,
It is described in detail that a current flowing through the rotor conductor flows through a connecting member connecting the rotor conductors between the rotor cores.
【0024】さらに移相装置の構成については、固定子
を回動させるものや、固定子主巻線の結線の切り換えを
おこなうものなどを示しているが、本発明においては、
特に固定子主巻線の極性の切り換えをおこなう移相装置
で構成すると、前記電気角の0゜から180゜への切り
換えは瞬時におこなえるため同期速度への引き込みは容
易となる。また回転速度を検出するセンサ−と移相装置
の制御装置とを設けて連絡すると、同期速度への引き込
みが自動化できると共に、万一脱調した場合でも、回転
速度を検出するセンサ−の信号により即座に同期運転か
ら誘導電動機の運転に切り換えることが可能であり、一
般の同期電動機のように脱調から急激に停止することが
なく事故防止が簡単にできるものとなる。Further, the configuration of the phase shift device includes a device for rotating the stator, a device for switching the connection of the stator main winding, and the like.
Especially phase shifting device for switching the polarity of the stator main winding
In this configuration, the electrical angle can be switched from 0 ° to 180 ° instantaneously, so that it is easy to pull in the synchronous speed. If a sensor for detecting the rotational speed and a control device for the phase shift device are provided and communicated with each other, the pull-in to the synchronous speed can be automated, and even in the event of a loss of synchronism, the signal from the sensor for detecting the rotational speed will be It is possible to immediately switch from synchronous operation to operation of the induction motor, and it is possible to easily prevent an accident without suddenly stopping from step-out as in a general synchronous motor.
【0025】図1により本発明の実施例を説明する。図
1に示すものは本発明の同期電動機の固定子と回転子の
巻線だけを抜きだしたものである。まず符号1は同期電
動機の固定子側を示し、符号2は同じく回転子側を示し
ている。An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 shows only the stator and rotor windings of a synchronous motor according to the present invention. First, reference numeral 1 denotes the stator side of the synchronous motor, and reference numeral 2 denotes the rotor side.
【0026】まず固定子側1は、2個の固定子コア(省
略)のそれぞれに設けた、スタ−結線の第1主巻線3と
第2の主巻線4が並列に三相交流電源5に接続されてい
る。さらに固定子側1には2個の固定子コアのそれぞれ
に、ここでは単相の励磁巻線6,7を設けてあり、さら
にこの励磁巻線6,7をダイオ−ド8を介して直列に接
続してある。First, on the stator side 1, a three-phase AC power source is provided in which a first main winding 3 and a second main winding 4 in a star connection are provided in each of two stator cores (omitted). 5 is connected. Further, on the stator side 1, single-phase excitation windings 6 and 7 are provided on each of the two stator cores, and these excitation windings 6 and 7 are further connected in series via a diode 8. Connected to
【0027】一方回転子側2は、2個の回転子コア(省
略)のそれぞれに回転子巻線9,10を設け、この回転
子巻線9,10を直列に接続すると共に、該回転子巻線
9,10の接続点に並列にダイオ−ド11,12が接続
してある。On the other hand, on the rotor side 2, rotor windings 9, 10 are provided on each of two rotor cores (omitted), and these rotor windings 9, 10 are connected in series. Diodes 11 and 12 are connected in parallel to the connection points of the windings 9 and 10.
【0028】さて固定子側1の第2主巻線4には、主巻
線4の各相の巻線4R,4S,4Tの両端に巻線の極性
を切り換えるようにスイッチ13,14を設けて移相装
置15を構成してある。In the second main winding 4 of the stator 1, switches 13 and 14 are provided at both ends of the windings 4R, 4S and 4T of each phase of the main winding 4 so as to switch the polarity of the windings. To constitute the phase shifter 15.
【0029】ここで第1主巻線3に対峙する励磁巻線6
に誘起する電圧をE1とし、第2主巻線4に対峙する励
磁巻線7に誘起する電圧をE1εjθとする。また、第
1主巻線3に対峙する回転子巻線9に誘起する電圧をE
2とし、第2主巻線4に対峙する回転子巻線10に誘起
する電圧をE2εjθとする。ここでのθは電圧の位相
差角である。Here, the exciting winding 6 facing the first main winding 3
The voltage induced by the E1, the voltage E1ipushiron j.theta. Induced in the excitation winding 7 which faces the second main winding 4. The voltage induced in the rotor winding 9 facing the first main winding 3 is represented by E
2, and the voltage induced in the rotor winding 10 which faces the second main winding 4 and E2ε jθ. Here, θ is the phase difference angle of the voltage.
【0030】以上のように各巻線を構成した本発明の同
期電動機の始動について説明する。第2主巻線4の移相
装置15のスイッチ13,14をA側に投入し、第1主
巻線3、第2主巻線4を並列に電源5に投入する。この
場合、移相装置15は作用していないのでθ=0であ
る。また、励磁巻線6,7には回転磁界による電圧E
1,E1εjθが誘起しているが、同じく移相装置は作
用していないのでθ=0であるからダイオ−ド8を通じ
ての環流電流は流れない。一方、回転子巻線9,10に
は主巻線3,4の回転磁界による電圧E2,E2εjθ
が誘起しているが移相装置が作用していないのでθ=0
であるから環流電流が流れ誘導電動機として始動する。
この場合、ダイオ−ド11,12の端子電圧は零である
からダイオ−ド11,12を通じて電流は流れない。The starting of the synchronous motor of the present invention having the above-described respective windings will be described. The switches 13 and 14 of the phase shifter 15 of the second main winding 4 are turned on to the A side, and the first main winding 3 and the second main winding 4 are turned on in parallel to the power supply 5. In this case, since the phase shifter 15 is not operating, θ = 0. The excitation windings 6 and 7 have a voltage E due to the rotating magnetic field.
1, although E1ipushiron j.theta. Is induced, also phase shifting device diode because a theta = 0 since no action - circulating electric current through the de 8 does not flow. On the other hand, the rotor windings 9 and 10 have voltages E2 and E2ε jθ due to the rotating magnetic field of the main windings 3 and 4, respectively.
Is induced, but θ = 0 because the phase shifter is not operating.
Therefore, a circulating current flows and starts as an induction motor.
In this case, no current flows through the diodes 11 and 12 because the terminal voltages of the diodes 11 and 12 are zero.
【0031】次に同期への引き入れについて説明する。
第2主巻線4の移相装置15のスイッチ13,14をB
側に投入し、第2主巻線4の極性を逆にして第1,第2
主巻線3,4を並列に電源5のR、S、Tに投入する。
こうすると位相差角θはθ=180゜になる。励磁巻線
6,7に誘起する電圧はE1,E1εj180゜となり
E1εj180゜=−E1になるので励磁巻線6,7に
はダイオ−ド8を通じて整流されて環流電流が流れ、こ
れによって静止磁界が作られる。同期速度になると主巻
線3,4の回転磁界による回転子巻線9,10の誘起電
圧E2,E2εjθは共に零になるが、励磁巻線6,7
の作る静止磁界によって回転子巻線9,10に電圧E
2,E2εj180°を誘起し、この場合θ=180゜
であるからE2εj180゜=−E2となって回転子巻
線9,10には環流電流は流れず、ダイオ−ド11,1
2を通じて整流された電流が回転子巻線9,10に流
れ、回転子巻線9,10は直流分で励磁されて磁極を形
成し、主巻線3,4の回転磁界との間にトルクを生じて
同期運転に至る。Next, a description will be given of the introduction to synchronization.
The switches 13 and 14 of the phase shifter 15 of the second main winding 4 are set to B
Side, the polarity of the second main winding 4 is reversed, and the first and second
The main windings 3 and 4 are supplied in parallel to R, S and T of the power supply 5.
In this case, the phase difference angle θ becomes 180 °. Voltage induced to the excitation winding 6 and 7 E1, E1ε j180 to the exciting windings 6 and 7 since the degree next E1ε j180 ° = -E1 diode - is rectified through de 8 circulating electric current flows, whereby the stationary A magnetic field is created. When the synchronous speed is reached, the induced voltages E2 and E2ε jθ of the rotor windings 9 and 10 due to the rotating magnetic field of the main windings 3 and 4 are both zero, but the excitation windings 6 and 7
A voltage E is applied to the rotor windings 9 and 10 by the static magnetic field created by
2, E2ε j180 ° is induced. In this case, θ = 180 °, so that E2ε j180 ° = −E2, so that no circulating current flows through the rotor windings 9, 10 and the diodes 11, 1
2, the current rectified flows through the rotor windings 9, 10, and the rotor windings 9, 10 are excited by a DC component to form magnetic poles, and have a torque between the rotating magnetic fields of the main windings 3, 4. Occurs, leading to synchronous operation.
【0032】なお励磁巻線は3相でもよい。この場合ダ
イオ−ドは図2のように第1と第2の励磁巻線6,7を
ダイオ−ド16,17を介して直列に接続する。The excitation winding may have three phases. In this case, the diode connects the first and second excitation windings 6 and 7 in series via the diodes 16 and 17 as shown in FIG.
【0033】以上の構成から本発明による同期電動機
は、起動時には位相差角をθ=0゜として従来の誘導電
動機と同様のトルク特性で起動を行い、すべりSがたと
えばS=0.05付近になったとき移相装置のスイッチ
を切り換えて位相差角をθ=180゜とし、同期速度に
移行して同期電動機のトルク特性で運転するものであ
る。このような構成から、本発明の同期電動機は起動機
や直流電源、またブラシを必要としないから、その構造
や構成が簡単となるだけでなく、従来の誘導電動機と同
様のトルク特性で起動できるので重負荷がかかったまま
でも、移相装置のスイッチを切り換えるだけで起動から
同期への移行が可能となる。With the above configuration, the synchronous motor according to the present invention starts at a startup with a phase difference angle θ = 0 ° and the same torque characteristics as a conventional induction motor , and the slip S becomes, for example, around S = 0.05. the phase difference angle by switching the switch of the phase shift device when it is a theta = 180 degrees, is intended to operate in the torque characteristics of the synchronous motor shifts to synchronous speed. Such a configuration, the synchronous motor of the present invention starts machine or DC power supply, also does not require a brush, not only the structure and configuration is simplified, can be activated in the same torque characteristics of the conventional induction motor Therefore, even if a heavy load is applied, it is possible to shift from startup to synchronization simply by switching the switch of the phase shifter .
【図1】本発明の同期電動機の固定子と回転子の巻線部
分だけを抜きだして示した図である。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing only a winding portion of a stator and a rotor of a synchronous motor according to the present invention.
【図2】本発明の同期電動機に係る励磁巻線の別の実施
例を示した図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the exciting winding according to the synchronous motor of the present invention.
1 固定子側 2 回転子側 3 第1の主巻線 4 第2の主巻線 5 三相交流電源 6 励磁巻線 7 励磁巻線 8 ダイオ−ド 9 回転子巻線 10 回転子巻線 11 ダイオ−ド 12 ダイオ−ド 13 スイッチ 14 スイッチ 15 移相装置 16 ダイオ−ド 17 ダイオ−ド DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Stator side 2 Rotor side 3 1st main winding 4 2nd main winding 5 Three phase alternating current power supply 6 Excitation winding 7 Excitation winding 8 Diode 9 Rotor winding 10 Rotor winding 11 Diode 12 Diode 13 Switch 14 Switch 15 Phase shifter 16 Diode 17 Diode
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7,DB名) H02K 19/14 H02P 1/46 H02P 7/36 H02K 16/00 H02K 17/00 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. 7 , DB name) H02K 19/14 H02P 1/46 H02P 7/36 H02K 16/00 H02K 17/00
Claims (5)
2個の回転子コアを有し、該2個の回転子コアのそれぞ
れに回転子巻線を設けてそれぞれ直列に接続すると共に
該回転子巻線の接続点に並列にダイオ−ドを接続した回
転子と、前記2個の回転子コアに対向して周設した2個
の固定子コアを有し、該2個の固定子コアのそれぞれ
に、前記回転子巻線と磁気的に結合した主巻線と該主巻
線の磁界によって電圧が誘起される励磁巻線とを設ける
と共に、2個の固定子コアの励磁巻線をダイオ−ドを介
して直列に接続した2個の固定子と、2個の固定子コア
のそれぞれの主巻線のうち、一方の主巻線がこれに対峙
する回転子コアの周囲に生じる回転磁界と他の主巻線が
これに対峙する回転子コアの周囲に生じる回転磁界との
間に、始動時と同期引き入れ時の2つの位相差を生じさ
せる移相装置とにより構成したことを特徴とする同期電
動機。1. Two rotor cores provided at an arbitrary interval on the same rotating shaft, and a rotor winding is provided on each of the two rotor cores and connected in series. And a rotor having a diode connected in parallel to a connection point of the rotor windings, and two stator cores circumferentially opposed to the two rotor cores. A main winding magnetically coupled to the rotor winding and a main winding;
Excitation windings in which a voltage is induced by the magnetic field of the wire are provided, and two stators in which excitation windings of two stator cores are connected in series via a diode; and two stators. core
Of each primary winding of a rotating magnetic field generated around the rotor core in which one of the main rotating magnetic field produced around the rotor core windings facing to the other main windings facing thereto A synchronous motor comprising: a phase shifter for generating two phase differences between a start and a synchronous pull-in .
2個の回転子コアを有し、該2個の回転子コアのそれぞ
れに三相の回転子巻線を設けてそれぞれ直列に接続する
と共に該回転子巻線の接続点に並列にダイオ−ドを接続
した回転子と、前記2個の回転子コアに対向して周設し
た2個の固定子コアを有し、該2個の固定子コアのそれ
ぞれに、前記回転子巻線と磁気的に結合した三相の主巻
線と、該主巻線の回転磁界によって電圧が誘起される励
磁巻線とを設けると共に、2個の固定子コアの励磁巻線
をダイオ−ドを介して直列に接続した2個の固定子と、
2個の固定子コアのそれぞれの主巻線のうち、一方の主
巻線がこれに対峙する回転子コアの周囲に生じる回転磁
界と他の主巻線がこれに対峙する回転子コアの周囲に生
じる回転磁界との間に、始動時に0゜と同期引き入れ時
に180゜の2つの位相差を生じさせる移相装置とによ
り構成したことを特徴とする同期電動機。 2. Arrangements are provided at arbitrary intervals on the same rotation axis.
Having two rotor cores, each of the two rotor cores;
With three-phase rotor windings and connect them in series.
A diode is connected in parallel with the connection point of the rotor winding.
Rotor and the two rotor cores are circumferentially opposed to each other.
Having two stator cores, wherein the two stator cores
In each case, a three-phase main winding magnetically coupled to the rotor winding
And the excitation induced by the rotating magnetic field of the main winding.
Magnetic windings and excitation windings of two stator cores
, Two stators connected in series via a diode,
One of the main windings of each of the two stator cores
Rotational magnets generated around the rotor core where the windings face it
Around the rotor core where the field and other main windings face
0 ° at start-up between the rotating magnetic field
And a phase shift device for generating two phase differences of 180 °
A synchronous motor characterized by the above configuration.
れか一方の固定子主巻線の電源との 接続を切り換える切
り換えスイッチからなることを特徴とする請求項1また
は2記載の同期電動機。 3. A phase shifter according to claim 1, wherein
Switch to switch the connection of one of the stator main windings to the power supply
And a switching switch.
Is a synchronous motor according to 2.
する請求項1から3に記載の同期電動機。 4. The excitation winding is a single-phase winding.
The synchronous motor according to claim 1.
する請求項1から3に記載の同期電動機。 5. The excitation winding is a three-phase winding.
The synchronous motor according to claim 1.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP15443292A JP3358666B2 (en) | 1992-05-19 | 1992-05-19 | Synchronous motor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP15443292A JP3358666B2 (en) | 1992-05-19 | 1992-05-19 | Synchronous motor |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH05328683A JPH05328683A (en) | 1993-12-10 |
JP3358666B2 true JP3358666B2 (en) | 2002-12-24 |
Family
ID=15584061
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP15443292A Expired - Fee Related JP3358666B2 (en) | 1992-05-19 | 1992-05-19 | Synchronous motor |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP3358666B2 (en) |
-
1992
- 1992-05-19 JP JP15443292A patent/JP3358666B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH05328683A (en) | 1993-12-10 |
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