JP3348584B2 - Operator device for performance operation - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a parameter control device of an electronic musical instrument in which various parameters for controlling a musical tone generated by a performance operation are changed by a rotation operation or a pressing operation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, musical tone parameter control devices for electronic musical instruments other than a keyboard include a wheel type, a joystick type, a surface control type, a jog dial type, a pad type, and the like. Select and place. Since the present invention relates to the last two types, these prior arts will be described. The jog dial type operator is a type in which parameter control is performed by rotating a disk type operator placed parallel to the panel surface as shown in, for example, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 7-8929, and a pad type operation. The child is described in, for example,
As shown in FIG. 5, when the hitting surface is hit, the vibration sensor attached to the back surface senses the vibration.
In addition, there are multi-dimensional input devices having other configurations, and there is a device in which a “turn” operation and a “push” operation can be performed by one operator in terms of function. This conventional technology also
The present invention can also be said to be one of the multi-dimensional input devices, and its main purpose is to expand the performance expression.

[0003]

However, all of them have problems that not only the structure is too complicated to increase the cost, but also that the distance from the upper surface of the knob to the lower surface of the sensor is long and the sensor cannot be made thin. was there. Also, when the pad operator hits the pad, it generates a musical sound,
If the sustain part (continuous part) is a long musical tone, there is a problem that short musical notes on the musical score cannot be faithfully represented. In other fields, for example, silencing when a long tone occurs in an attenuation-based musical tone of an electronic keyboard instrument can be performed by a rapid attenuation process at the time of a key release operation and a key release operation of a damper pedal, but this cannot be directly used for a pad operator. This is because the pad-type operator is imagined as a percussion instrument, and the operation and the image are reversed. That is, if you hit a percussion instrument such as an acoustic cymbal with a stick and press it as it is,
Since the sound is attenuated immediately, the basic operation is to release the sound immediately after hitting it. Therefore, in order to enable short note operation of a long continuous tone, some other operation is added, and
There was a problem that such another operation had to be easily realized.

Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is a common object (first object) of all the claimed inventions to expand the performance expression. In the inventions of the first and second aspects, the object is to achieve a simple structure and a thin shape (second object), and in the invention of the third aspect, it is easy to mute the tone generated by the pressing operation of the pad-type operation element. (3
Purpose).

[0005]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an operation device for performing a performance operation, comprising: a rotary knob 7 (rotation operation unit); A rotation sensor 71 that rotatably supports the rotation sensor 71 and generates a signal corresponding to the rotation of the knob; a support member 72 to which the rotation sensor 71 is fixed;
Holders 31, 3 of holding member (lower case) 3 for holding 2
When a pressing force is applied to the knob 7 in the rotation axis direction of the knob 7, the rotation sensor 71, the support member 72
When the pressing force is urged through the holding unit 31, the pressing force detection sensor AT that senses the pressing force is attached to the holding unit 31.
The operator device according to claim 2 of the present invention is provided at the peripheral contact portion fr between the support member 32 and the support member 72.
1 is a performance operation device including a rotation sensor 71 rotatably supported via a rotary knob 1 and generating a signal corresponding to the rotation of the knob 7; a support member 72 to which the rotation sensor 71 is fixed; Holders 31 and 3 for holding member 72
When a pressing force is applied to the knob 7 in the rotation axis direction D of the knob 7, the rotation sensor 71, the support member 7
When the pressing force is urged through the holding unit 3, the pressing force detection sensor AT that senses the pressing force is attached to the holding unit 3.
It is characterized in that a touch sensor TS is provided on the rotary knob 7 at a contact portion C between the support member 72 and the support member 72 .

The present invention having the above-described means operates as follows. First, in the invention of claim 1, when the rotary knob 7 is pressed in the rotation axis direction D, the pressing force becomes
Peripheral edge contact portion fr of rotation sensor 71 and its support member 72
, A force is applied to the pressing force detection sensor AT that comes into contact therewith. That is, while outputting rotation operation information when the rotary knob 7 rotates, information corresponding to the pressing force is output from the pressing force detection sensor AT. In the transmission route of the pressing force, the pressing force is transmitted to the peripheral portion by avoiding a position directly below the rotation sensor 71, and the pressing force detecting sensor AT, which is a receiving portion receiving the pressing force, is held correspondingly. The holding portions 31 and 32 of the member 3 are disposed on the peripheral edge. As a result, the thickness can be reduced. According to the second aspect of the present invention, by providing the rotary knob 7 with the touch sensor TS, three tone parameters can be controlled. As an example, the output of the touch sensor TS controls the tone (hard-soft), controls the pitch of the musical tone generated by the rotation sensor 71, and uses the pressing force detection sensor AT to determine the volume after the sound is generated. Touch control. Although the touch sensor TS is preferably used to instruct sound generation (timing), sound generation may be instructed by a signal corresponding to a pressing force equal to or greater than the threshold value of the pressing force detection sensor AT .

[0007]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the operation device according to the present invention.
An overall plan view of a guitar-like electronic musical instrument arranged in D,
FIG. 2 is a detailed view of the operation device, and is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a detailed plan view of the device.
As shown in FIG. 1, although it has the appearance of a guitar as a whole, it can be called a performance assisting device or a performance participant, and it is a performance device that performs a part of automatic performance. is there.

First, an outline of the performance apparatus will be described. Memory pack 10 with built-in music data consisting of multiple parts
Is inserted into the terminal 11 of the torso BD, and the start / stop switch 12 is pressed to start the song. If you select a part with the part switch 14 before starting, the part will be decremented by one, and the player will take charge of that part. However, in a certain mode, all parts are decremented by one. For example, when the performer takes charge of the accompaniment, only the chord (chord) constituent sound is allocated to the switch units 61 to 6n of the switch operation unit 6s. Each time the switch is pressed, or the song progresses automatically, the performance proceeds. At this time, a pad-type operation unit (also a rotation operation unit, hereinafter referred to as a pad) 7
The sounding timing can also be determined. Switch 61
In the form of participation in the performance of .about.6n and the pad 7, the musical sounds assigned to the switches 61-6n have various meanings such as any of the above-mentioned chord constituent sounds, melody sounds, and percussion instrument sounds, or a combination thereof.

Further, as a form of participation in the performance, a new musical instrument sound can be added by the switches 61 to 6n and the pad 7 while performing the automatic performance. That is, assuming that an instrument sound (tone) other than the automatic performance is selected and one or more of the switches 61 to 6n is pressed (addition of the pad 7 is optional),
Even if it is random (however, it is better to match the timing with the rhythm), the chord-constituent sound does not cause any discomfort as the song progresses. This is because each time the additional code is changed in accordance with the progress of the music, it is allocated each time, so that the music added with such an ad-lib is arranged as a novel music.

[0010] Such a playing device generally has a neck N
And upper body case 1 and lower case 3
And are integrated as if the two clams were combined. Details of the pad-type operation device according to the present invention are shown in FIGS. The pad 7 serves as a rotary operation unit (rotary knob), and outputs data corresponding to the operation of each of the rotation operation and the pressing operation, or both, from each sensor. Support member 72
Are disposed on the holding portions 31 and 32 provided on the lower case 3 via the.

This will be described in detail. The base end 721 of the rotation sensor support member 72 is fixed to the holding portions 31 and 32 formed of boss-shaped protrusions integrally formed from the lower case 3 with screws 33. The holding portion 32 is composed of two independent bosses,
It is longer than the holding part 31. One of the rotation sensor support portions 722 having both bent portions B1 is connected from the base end portion 721 via the rotation axis J, and the other is connected to the holding portion 31 composed of two independent bosses via the annular elastic member 311. It is elastically fixed by a screw 34. The other end has a bent portion B2 bent downward and narrower than the support portion 722, and the end surface of the bent portion is covered with an elastic sheet st made of rubber or the like. An after sensor (pressing force detection sensor) AT mounting table 35 is formed integrally with the lower case 3 at a position where it comes into contact with the lower surface of the sheet.
An after sensor AT is mounted on this upper surface. The after sensor AT is composed of two upper and lower sheets, and has a sensor pattern formed on its facing contact surface by a semiconductive layered body made of a paste-like substance of carbon and insulating powder. The upper and lower sheets may be one folded sheet.

A through hole o1 is opened substantially at the center of the support member 72, and a rotation sensor 71 for generating a signal corresponding to rotation is fixed through the through hole o1. The diameter of the rotating shaft 711 is smaller than the through hole o1 and is rotatable. This rotating shaft 7
A rotary knob (pad) 7 is fixed to 11. The center portion c1 of the coil spring c is fitted into the outer end of the shaft corresponding portion of the knob 7 and both ends cf1 and cf2 of the spring are
Spring end driving projection ac hanging from knob 7 and supporting portion 7
The spring end stopper piece sp hanging down from 22 is supported. The upper case 1 is provided with a through hole h so that the knob 7 can rotate, and the knob 7 having a diameter larger than the through hole h is provided. The knob 7 includes a lower body 7b and an upper cover 7a.
And four annular touch sensors TS are provided between them (see FIG. 2). Lower body 7b and upper cover 7a with screws 74, 75, 76, 77 from below through an annular center hole
Is hit. This touch sensor TS is similar in principle to the above-described after sensor, and generates an analog output with a variable resistance value (a digital value may be directly generated) depending on the degree of pressing force. A conductive elastic body may be interposed between the contact surfaces of the sensor patterns as a cushioning material and a member for relaxing the differential coefficient. The sensor output lead l is wired from the hole o2 opened in the lower body 7b of the knob 7, and the reinforcing ribs R are provided on the holding portions 31 and 32. Further, as shown by a dotted line in FIG. 2, a single piezoelectric sensor p composed of a piezo element may be attached to the lower surface of the upper cover 7a.

FIG. 4 shows a musical sound generation system of the whole performance apparatus. The fret switch 6 includes switch units 61, 62,..., 6n arranged in the operation unit 6s of FIG.
, And these outputs are supplied to automatic performance data forming means acc. The automatic performance data forming means acc also has an automatic accompaniment function. The pitch of a specific part in the accompaniment pattern in the music data, for example, the part of the bass guitar, is specified by the switch operation information corresponding to the operation of any or a plurality of switches. It should be noted here that not only the designation method 61 is simply assigned such as C and 62 is C #, but the optimal chord (chord) of the bar or phrase being played in response to the progress of the music. The constituent sounds (for example, 61 is C, 62 is E, next is G, next is C one octave higher, then is G,...) Are the modes in the control means 80 including other control switches. Assigned to the fret switch when the specified mode is selected by the specified switch. When the fret switch 6 is appropriately operated in accordance with the timing of the musical sound of another part, the specified chord constituting sound specifies the sound source TG together with the musical sound of the other part. , And a sound system SS composed of an amplifier AMP and a speaker SP generates those musical sounds.

In this case, the designated timing signal is formed based on outputs from the touch sensors TS1 to TS4.
That is, when the knob 7 is pressed, each of the touch sensors TS1 to TS1 is pressed.
A voltage is generated from TS4. Since this sensor outputs a change in resistance value, if a voltage is given to this voltage,
It can be taken out as a voltage change, and this voltage change is used. Then, the voltages from the sensors TS1 to TS2 are converted into digital values by AD converters A / D1 to A / D4, respectively, and are sieved by a threshold detector Thr81 which outputs a predetermined value or more. If there is any output, those ORs are taken by an OR circuit OR, and the output thereof is passed through a one-shot circuit OS composed of a retriggerable monostable multivibrator that can be retriggered, to a step designation signal. And This signal drives a sequence for music progression. The step designation signal may be a single designation signal from the sensor P indicated by a dotted line in FIG. 2, and may be a simple switch. In FIG. 4, the reason why a plurality of touch sensors are used and the level sensor is used is to enhance the performance expression by the touch sensor, and to reflect the information on the touch position of the knob 7 and the strength thereof to the performance expression. is there.

That is, the four touch sensors TS1 to TS
As can be seen from FIG. 3, reference numeral 4 is disposed almost evenly on the knob 7, so that, for example, TS1 and TS1
2, a stronger output from TS1 and TS2 and a weaker output from TS3 and TS4 are input to the inputs i1 to i4 of the maximum output passage means 83. Each of these lines is a line composed of a plurality of bits. In the means 83, only the largest value of i1 to i4 is input to the sound source TG as the level signal LE, and the level data is output from the means 83. Are i1 to i4
Is output, and the type signal k
Is output for the B input of the selector 85. i1 to i
If any two of 4 have the same value, it is output by a priority circuit such as the one with the smaller number. If all four have almost the same value, that is, the condition is satisfied when the center hits almost. However, under this condition, the detection means 87 to which all of i1 to i4 are input outputs a condition satisfaction signal "1" which clears the condition that the absolute value of (maximum value-minimum value) is smaller than a predetermined value. Select instruction terminal SA of selector 85
Lead to. When this condition is satisfied, the type data “111” indicating the center of the knob 7 is selected by the selector 85, and otherwise, the type data indicating any of TS1 to TS4 is selected and the type signal K is output. It is input to the sound source TG together with the level data at that time. Thereby, the means ac
The sound source designated by c is subjected to tone processing by the sound source TG by the LE and K, and output from the sound system SS.

The following is an example of the designation information of LE and K. (1) Select an automatic performance part with K, and control the cutoff frequencies of the various tone filters with LE. (2) Select a tone system (piano system, wind instrument system, string instrument system, percussion system) to be generated at a predetermined timing, and control the cutoff frequency of the tone of the sound in the same manner as in (1) above. In this case, if there is no tone selected by the touch sensor in the tone to be generated at this timing, the tone is ignored. (3) Ignore the level signal or use the touch sensor T
S1 to TS4 may be configured by simple switches, and the timbre may be controlled only by the type signal K. In this case, the filter cutoff frequency for tone control is preset to four predetermined values. (4) The number of touch sensors may be one as shown by the dotted line in FIG. 2 and only the level signal is used, and the timbre may be controlled by the touch intensity.

The signal from the rotation sensor 71 is constituted by a rotary encoder or an analog volume, and the information is transmitted to a sound source by using one or more of the rotation amount, position, and change amount of the sensor. Has been sent to. In response to this signal, pitch control of the designated sound source from the means acc is performed. That is, this allows you to do vibrato control or do something like a pitch bender.

Further, vol is a sound volume control system, which is operated by pressing the mute control mt of FIG.
Is turned on to generate the select signal SB = "1" of the selector 90, and at this time, the selector 90 outputs minus B from the register 91.
If the mute switch 24 is not pressed, zero is output from the register 92. The output of the selector 90 is subtracted by the adder 94 (the output value of the after sensor minus a predetermined value B) together with the output of the after sensor AT.
, A predetermined value from the register 95 is added, and this value is converted into an analog signal by the DA converter 97 to control the amplification value of the amplifier AMP. When the mute switch 24 is turned on with this configuration, the musical tone currently being generated can be muted (attenuated) by a value corresponding to B.

In particular, when the fret switch 6 is assigned to a percussion instrument type sound source (for example, tom tom or bongo scale) or an attenuation type sound source such as a guitar, the effect is regretably exhibited. In other words, if you want to control the sound source of an attenuation system (system that attenuates while continuing) represented by short notes on the score, or want to consciously mute at a given arbitrary timing when expressing a sound with ending or fermata . It is convenient in such a case. In addition, since the mute control is arranged near the rear of the pad-type control, it can be performed in a manner similar to the case where the string vibration of the guitar is stopped at the base of the hand, and the operation can be performed naturally. There is an advantage that can be done . In the embodiment of the present invention, since the sounding instruction is performed by the touch sensor provided on the rotary knob itself, the sensitivity for generating the sounding instruction signal is high, and the delay is small (the response is good). Further, since the output of the touch sensor is divided into the intensity data and the position output, the control target can be matched in various senses such as timbre and effect.

[0020]

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a performance operation operator device with improved performance expression and operability. In addition, according to the first aspect of the invention, by arranging the after-touch pressure sensor not directly under the rotation sensor but around the rotation sensor, it is possible to reduce the thickness of the entire apparatus, and to use a plurality of types of sensors. Operational stability is also improved. According to the second aspect of the invention, the operability of all the sensors is improved .

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall plan view in which a controller device of the present invention is provided in a performance device.

FIG. 2 is a left side view from a direction A.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view as viewed in a direction A in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a system (circuit) diagram of a performance device according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 ... upper case, 2 ... lower case, 6 ... switch sheet, 61-6n ... switch section, 6s ... operation section on sheet, 1w ... operation window section, 7 ... rotary knob (rotation) Operation unit), 71: rotation sensor, 72: support member, 3: holding member (lower case), 31, 32: holding unit, AT: pressing force detection sensor (after sensor), fr: peripheral contact Contact part, TS ... Touch sensor, mt ... Mute operator, 24 ... Mute switch,

Continuation of the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G10H 1/00 G10H 1/32-1/34 H01H 19/14

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A performance operation device for performing a performance operation, wherein a rotary knob, a rotary sensor that rotatably supports the rotary knob, and generates a signal corresponding to the rotation of the knob, and the rotary sensor are fixed. A support member and a holding portion for holding the support member are provided, and when a pressing force is applied to the knob in the rotation axis direction of the knob, the pressing force is urged via the rotation sensor and the supporting member. Thus, a performance operation operator device in which a pressing force detection sensor for sensing the pressing force is provided at a peripheral contact portion between the holding portion and the support member. 2. A performance operation device, comprising: a rotation knob rotatably operated via a shaft thereof; and a rotation sensor for generating a signal corresponding to the rotation of the rotation knob. A supporting member to which the sensor is fixed, and a holding portion for holding the supporting member, wherein when a pressing force is applied to the knob in the rotation axis direction of the knob, the pressing force is applied via the rotation sensor and the supporting member. Is provided, a pressing force detection sensor for sensing the pressing force is provided at a contact portion between the holding portion and the support member, and the rotary knob is provided with a touch sensor. apparatus.