JP3218833B2 - Non-excitation actuated electromagnetic brake - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enhance magnetic efficiency, and thereby make for compactness by forming each permanent magnet into each powerful thin type one so as to be incorporated in a magnet assembly, and thereby letting each exciting force the magnetic flux of which is equal in magnitude, but opposite in polarity to each permanent magnet, be generated in an exciting coil. CONSTITUTION:A first permanent magnet 2a thin in thickness is embedded in a position close to the releasing end side of an outer pole Po for a magnet assembly 3, and an inner permanent magnet 2b thin in thickness which is coaxial, but opposite in polarity, is also embedded in a free end side close to the armature 1 of an inner pole Pi at the side of a yoke releasing end. In a state that an exciting coil 11 is deenergized, the armature 1 is attracted to the magnet assembly against a spring plate 4 by the magnetic flux phim of each permanent magnet 2a and 2b, so that constant braking torque is thereby produced. When the exciting coil is energized by specified current, magnetic flux phi is produced, which is equal in magnitude to magnetic flux phim, but opposite in polarity, and the armature 1 is thereby released by the spring plate 4, so that braking torque becomes thereby zero. Torque can be controlled with magnetic flux adjusted to be ;m> ;c. By this constitution as mentioned above, efficiency can thereby be improved with each magnetic path made small in size.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a permanent magnet type non-excitation type electromagnetic brake. With the recent spread of AC servomotors and the importance of safety, non-excitation type brakes
The demand for keys is increasing, and among them, the permanent magnet type is widely used because it has the following characteristics. 1) Compared with the spring type, it is small and has a large braking torque and good responsiveness. 2) The holding torque can be controlled by adjusting the magnitude of the current (voltage) in the excited state of the coil. 3) If a voltage opposite to the polarity of the current flowing when the brake is released is applied to the coil, the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet and the magnetic flux of the exciting coil overlap to generate a braking torque greater than the rated torque. 4) Excellent heat dissipation characteristics, slip service, and large torque capacity. The present invention relates to an improvement of such a permanent magnet type non-excitation operation type electromagnetic brake.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIGS. 14A and 14B are cross-sectional views of a conventional permanent magnet type non-excited operation type electromagnetic brake in a non-energized state and in an energized state, respectively. (A) and (B) of FIG. Referring to FIG. 14A, the armature assembly 1 made of a magnetic material, which is disposed near the left end in the figure, is movable in the axial direction with respect to the rotating shaft 9 via the spline hub 5 and the spline 5a. A spring plate 4 is disposed between the spline 5a and the armature assembly 1 so that the armature assembly 1 is constantly pressed in a direction (left side in the figure) to be released from braking. I have. On the other hand, the magnet assembly 3 disposed on the right side in the axial direction opposite to the armature assembly 1 is made of a magnetic material and has an outer pole Po and an inner pole P.
i, a magnet assembly 3 having a bottom and a bottom 3b connecting them, and having a double cross section with a bottom, and an outer pole on the side of the magnet assembly 3 facing the armature assembly 1. A coil 11 is disposed in a gap between Po and the inner pole Pi, and the magnet assembly 3 extends from the inner periphery of the outer pole Po on the opposite side (right side in the drawing) of the armature assembly 1 from the armature assembly 1 in the axial direction. The relatively large permanent magnet 2 is arranged in the space before the rotating shaft 9. Due to the magnetic flux φm generated along the magnet assembly 3 by the permanent magnet 2, the armature assembly 1 moves to the right along the spline 5 a of the spline hub 5 against the force of the spring plate 4. The magnet assembly 3 and the facing 6
Frictional contact with

Since the magnet assembly 3 is fixed to the stationary body 8 via the flange 7, the rotational torque of the rotating shaft 9 is applied to the magnet assembly 3 via the spline hub 5, the armature assembly 1, the magnet assembly 3, and the like. A braking action is added.
Referring to FIG. 14B, when the coil 11 of the armature assembly 1 is energized via the lead wire 10, a magnetic flux φc having a direction opposite to that of the magnetic flux φm generated by the permanent magnet 2 is generated. The armature assembly 1 is moved to the left in the figure by the force of the spring plate 4 to create a gap Ga,
The braking action exerted on the rotating torque of the rotating shaft 9 is released. In this description, the spring plate 4 has been described. However, the spring plate is not limited to the spring, and it is a matter of course that the spring plate 4 may be released using a repulsive force of a magnet. In relation to the above operation, the relationship between the rotational torque and the voltage (accordingly, the current) applied to the coil 11 is as shown in FIG. 16, and the equivalent circuits in FIGS. 14 (A) and (B) are 15A and 15B, respectively, and FIG.
In (B), Em is equal to (Ec ₁ + Ec ₂ ),
These are the magnetomotive force of the permanent magnet and the magnetomotive force of the coil.
_L is an effective component and a leakage component of the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet, Rga ₁ and Rga ₂ are the resistance of the gap Ga between the armature and the yoke, and Rgy is the gap G of the yoke portion.
is the resistance of y.

[0004]

As shown in FIG. 14A, at the contact portion between the armature assembly and the magnet assembly, a magnetic circuit formed by a permanent magnet and a magnetic circuit formed by an electromagnet formed by a coil are shared. The magnetic circuit .phi.n provided with the yoke gap Gy is indispensable for forming the magnetic field .phi. However, this magnetic circuit does not
(A) As shown in FIG.
_L is leaked to the outside, and in order to supply the magnetic flux required for the armature gap Ga, it is necessary to use FIG.
As shown in (B), it is necessary to use a considerably large permanent magnet 2, which hinders downsizing and cost reduction.

[0005]

The present invention employs the following two means to solve the above-mentioned problems. 1) As the first means, in the configuration described in claim 1,
Cross section of magnet assembly is concentric with the rotation axis and has a bottom 2
At a given position in the main magnetic circuit of the heavy cylindrical yoke, permanent magnets having two thin surfaces, strong and perpendicular to the thickness direction and magnetized with different polarities are provided at predetermined positions in the circumferential direction at arbitrary positions in the main magnetic circuit of the heavy cylindrical yoke. For example, a small, low-cost, non-excitation-type electromagnetic brake is provided by dividing into three, four, and six and embedding a plurality of or continuous rings to form an efficient magnetic circuit. 2) As a second means, in the configuration according to claim 8, a thin and strong permanent magnet is provided at an arbitrary position in the main magnetic circuit of the armature assembly in a circumferential direction at a predetermined interval, for example, 3 mm. ,
The armature assembly is divided into four or six parts and embedded as a plurality or a continuous ring. Under a non-excited state, the armature assembly resists a release means, for example, a release spring by a strong permanent magnet disposed on the armature assembly itself. When the coil of the magnet assembly is energized by being attracted to the magnet assembly side and braked, the ends of the armature assembly and the magnet assembly facing each other have the same polarity, and the magnetic repulsion force is reduced. Then, the armature assembly is released from the attraction with the magnet assembly and the braking is released, eliminating the need to use a large permanent magnet and a strong release spring. Smaller than the brake
A cost-effective non-excited operation type electromagnetic brake is provided.

[0006]

In the configuration of the above item 1), when the coil is not energized, the armature assembly is attracted by the magnetic flux φm of the permanent magnet to generate a constant braking torque.
When a predetermined current is applied to the coil, a magnetic flux φc having the same magnitude as the permanent magnet magnetic flux φm and having the opposite direction is generated, and the permanent magnet magnetic flux φm is canceled, so that the armature is released by the force of the releasing means such as a spring plate. The assembly is released from the suction with the yoke,
The brake torque becomes zero. Further, by adjusting the current in the range of φm> φc and energizing, the torque can be controlled similarly to the conventional non-excitation operation type electromagnetic brake.

The item 2) is the same as the item 1) except that the armature gap portion is provided at the contact portion between the armature assembly and the magnet assembly when the electromagnet is energized. A magnetic pole having the same polarity as that of the magnetic pole at the end of the armature assembly formed by the permanent magnet is formed on the magnet assembly, and the magnetic poles having the same polarity repel both assemblies. The armature is released without providing release means such as a plate, and the brake torque becomes zero. Also, φm> φc
In the small current range, the torque can be controlled in the same manner as in the conventional non-magnetized electromagnetic brake. Also,
According to the prior art and the solution 1) of the present invention, φ
While the secondary side could be released only in a narrow range of m ≒ φc (see FIG. 16), in the magnetic circuit according to the present invention, all the currents (magnetomotive force) become a repulsive force at a certain current or more (magnetomotive force) (FIG. 8). reference).

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Cross sections of the first embodiment according to the first aspect of the present invention in the non-excited state and the excited state are shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, respectively. The circuit is shown in FIGS. In each of the embodiments of the present invention shown below including FIG. 1, the arrangement of the permanent magnets is either a plurality of permanent magnets divided at predetermined intervals in a circumferential direction or a continuous ring shape. The effect of the invention is not limited to the one described. In each embodiment, it is assumed that the surfaces of the permanent magnets that are orthogonal to the thickness direction are magnetized to different polarities. The permanent magnet obtained by this magnetizing method can significantly increase the magnetic flux generated per unit of magnetic pole. In FIGS. 1A and 1B, FIG.
(A) and (B) are denoted by the same reference numerals, and FIG.
(A) and (B) are denoted by the same reference numerals as in (A) and (B) in FIG. Outer pole P of double cylindrical magnet assembly 3 with bottom
o, a thin first permanent magnet 2a
Similarly, on the free end side near the armature assembly (hereinafter referred to as armature) 1 of the inner pole Pi on the open end side of the yoke, a thin plate-like inner permanent member having concentric and opposite polarities is provided. The magnet 2b is the same as the conventional magnet except that the thickness direction of each magnet is embedded so as to match the width direction of the gap Ga. 1A, the armature 1 is attracted to the magnet assembly 3 against the force of the spring plate 4 by the magnetic flux φm of the permanent magnet in a state in which the exciting coil 11 is not energized in the configuration of FIG. Generates constant braking torque. When a predetermined current is applied to the exciting coil 11, a magnetic flux φc having the same size and the opposite direction as the permanent magnet magnetic flux φm is generated as shown in FIG. Armature 1 is released by the force of
As shown in (B), a gap Ga is generated and the brake torque becomes zero. Further, by adjusting the current so as to satisfy the range of φm> φc and supplying the current, the torque can be controlled similarly to the conventional non-excitation operation type electromagnetic brake (FIG. 16).
reference).

FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment in which a thin plate-shaped permanent magnet 2b is connected to an outer pole Po and an inner pole Pi of a yoke 3b having a U-shape in a half body cross section to form a rotary shaft. The permanent magnet 2b is embedded in the center of the vertical portion 3h mounted at right angles along the flange 7, and the thickness direction of the permanent magnet 2b is perpendicular to the width direction of the gap Ga. FIG. 4 shows a third embodiment in which two inner and outer permanent magnets 2c (the inner side in the axial direction are S poles) and 2d (the outer side in the axial direction are S-plates) which are concentric and have different distances to the axis and have opposite polarities. Pole) to the outer port of the yoke 3c.
Are attached to the ends of the side Po and the inner pole Pi on the side facing the armature 1, respectively. FIG.
As an example, Yo - click 3d of Autapo - Le Po and In'napo - the vertical portion 3h connecting the Le Pi, a thin plate-shaped permanent magnet 2d ₁ pair and 2d _2, the gap G the respective thickness direction
In this example, the polarities are aligned in the width direction of a, and the polarities are continuously buried in series in the direction perpendicular to the axis. FIG. 6 shows a fifth embodiment in which a yoke 3e having the same U-shaped cross section as above is provided with thin plate-like permanent magnets at both radially inner and outer ends of a vertical portion connecting the outer pole Po and the inner pole Pi. 2e
₁ and 2e ₂ are adhered in such a way that the thickness direction is the same as the width direction of the gap, with a predetermined interval in the radial direction and the polarity reversed, and these permanent magnets 2e ₁ and 2e _{2 in the} vertical portion are A permanent magnet 2 is provided at an intermediate portion excluding both inner and outer ends.
than e ₁ and 2e ₂ are inserted a non-magnetic material 3e ₁ axially inward. The embodiments shown in FIGS. 3 to 6 are side sectional views in a state where the exciting coil 11 is energized and the braking is released. The operation is the same as that of the first embodiment.

FIGS. 7 to 12 show the above-mentioned solution 2).
In the sixth to eleventh embodiments, a thin plate-shaped permanent magnet is embedded in an armature (secondary side) according to the item. FIGS. 7A and 7B are cross-sectional views of the sixth embodiment in an excited state and a non-excited state, respectively. The same members as in FIGS. 14A and 14B showing the prior art are shown. Will be described with the same reference numerals. In FIG. 7, an armature 1f is attached to a hub 5f fixed to the rotating shaft 9 via a transmission spring 4f. The armature 1f is located near the radially outer end of the armature 1f and substantially in the radial direction of the outer pole Po. thin shaped permanent magnet 2f is closer to the inner end, the thickness direction are embedded at right angles to the axis. The transmission spring 4f is for smoothly transmitting the force of the armature 1f, and does not require a strong spring action like an open spring. On the other hand, a magnetic yoke 3f having a U-shaped cross section accommodates the exciting coil 11 in the gap between the outer pole Po and the inner pole Pi, and is attached to the stationary body 8 as in FIG. Fixed. When the excitation coil 11 is not energized, the armature 1f makes the yoke 3f due to the magnetic flux .phi.m by the permanent magnet and the flexible movement of the transmission spring 4f in the axial direction as shown in FIG. 7B. Is adsorbed. When the excitation coil 11 is energized, FIG.
8A, a magnetic flux .phi.c is generated, and as shown in FIG. 8, if the permanent magnet 2f has the polarity shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 7, the arm Po is N, the inner pole Pi is S, and the armature 1f generates a repulsive force against the yoke 3f.
As shown in (A), a gap Ga is formed between the two, and the brake torque is released. At this time, the relationship between the coil current (therefore, the voltage) and the torque is as shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 16 showing the case of the term, the open voltage region is not narrow and is not limited.

FIG. 9 shows, as a seventh embodiment, the open end faces of the outer pole Po and the inner pole Pi of the yoke 3f (left side in the figure).
A pair of inner and outer permanent magnets 2g ₂ (inside) and 2g ₁ (outside) having a thin plate shape on the axial inner end face of the armature 1g on the side facing ,
Permanent magnets 2 g ₂ in closely to the inner periphery of the permanent magnet 2 g ₁ outside the polarity is reversed (top in FIG. 9, below) is arranged structures. FIG. 10 shows an eighth embodiment in which a nonmagnetic material is provided at the axially inner central portion of an armature 1h opposed to the open end faces (left in the figure) of the outer pole Po and the inner pole Pi of the yoke 3f. space - place the sub 1h _1, the non-magnetic space in the radial direction - the position of the radial inner and outer not facing the sub 1h ₁ (top in FIG. 10, below), the gap thickness direction polarity different radius in reverse the inner and outer set of thin plate-like permanent magnet 2h ₁ and 2h ₂ matching direction, a structure embedded in series in the radial direction concentrically respectively. FIG. 11 shows a ninth embodiment. In FIG. 10 as an eighth embodiment, the thin plate-shaped permanent magnets 2h ₁ and 2h ₂ are arranged radially outside the non-magnetic spacer 1h _{1 in} the axial direction. Unlike the embodiment in which the outer and inner poles Pi of the yoke 3f are radially covered, the embodiment shown in FIG. extending Te a - armature 1i axially outermost non-excitation space of - in close contact with the inner surface of the support 1i _1, thin plate-like inner and outer pair of permanent magnets 2i which thickness direction coincides with the width direction of the gap ₁ (outer) and 2i ₂ (inner) are connected in series with the polarity reversed. The yoke 3 which is in close contact with the inner side surface in the axial direction of these permanent magnets and whose thickness direction corresponds to the width direction of the gap.
f of Autapo - Le Po and In'napo - a thin plate-like inner and outer pair of permanent magnets 2i ₁ and 2i ₂ corresponding to each Le Pi joined in series with the polarity reversed, the axial inner surface of the permanent magnet The outer pole Ro and the inner pole Ri of the armature 1i whose radial width is equal to or greater than the radial width are provided at positions corresponding to the outer pole Po and the inner pole Pi of the yoke 3f in close contact with each other. It is a structure that is joined and arranged.

FIG. 12 shows a tenth embodiment in which the armature assembly 1j has an end on the opening side opposed to the end faces (left in the figure) of the outer pole Po and the inner pole Pi of the yoke 3f. It is bent at right angles to the rotation axis so as to face each other in the radial direction, and has a half-section having a substantially C-shape. The inner and outer 1 thin permanent magnet 2j ₁ against and 2j ₂ Each of the tip of the bent second portion, a respective thickness direction perpendicular to the rotation axis, any respective radially outer surface N The portions which are embedded so as to be poles and which are opposed to the end faces (left in the figure) of the outer pole Po and the inner pole Pi are made of a magnetic material having a thickness equal to or larger than the respective poles. The rings 1j ₂ and 1j ₃ are fitted and joined together, and the distance between the two permanent magnets after joining is slightly smaller than the overall width of the outer pole Po and the inner pole Pi of the yoke 3f. As a result, a space having a substantially convex cross section is defined inside the armature 1j.

FIGS. 13 (A) and 13 (B) show an eleventh embodiment according to the solution means 2) corresponding to the embodiment of the solution means 1) shown in FIG. 4, and FIG. The permanent magnets 2c and 2d are disposed at the open ends of the outer and inner poles Po and Pi with their polarities reversed. In this embodiment, the poles Po and Pi of the yoke 3c are arranged in this embodiment. The permanent magnets 2k ₁ and 2k _{2 on} the inner end face of the armature 1k facing the open end of
Are arranged in the same thickness direction as the direction of the gap Ga, but with the opposite polarity, and instead of the transmission spring, a solution 1)
The release spring used in the above is used. FIG. 13A shows a braking state by non-excitation, and FIG. 13B shows a state of release by excitation.

[0014]

【The invention's effect】

(1) The magnetic flux of the permanent magnet is substantially equal to the gap magnetic flux, the leakage magnetic flux is reduced, and the magnet usage is greatly reduced. (2) Since the size of the magnet can be significantly reduced, the entire magnetic path is reduced in size, and the efficiency of the magnetic path is improved. (3) The reactance is reduced and the response is improved. (4) Cost reduction due to miniaturization. (5) By eliminating the leakage magnetic flux circuit, the nonlinearity of the magnetic path is improved, the linearity of the output torque with respect to the current is improved, and the torque controllability is improved. (6) In the method of arranging the magnet on the secondary side (armature side), a) the parts of the clutch and brake of the other system can be shared on the primary side (yoke side), and b) the secondary side. Does not require a spring force to release the armature, it is sufficient that the release voltage range is equal to or higher than a certain voltage, and reliable release is performed. C) The spring for armature assembly release and its accessories are reduced, At the same time, by making the magnetic poles of the opposing gap surfaces the same, and utilizing the magnetic repulsion force, there is no need to provide an electromagnetic force that overcomes the spring force, so that the size can be further reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a non-excited operation type electromagnetic brake according to the present invention.
In the embodiment, a thin plate-shaped permanent magnet is embedded near the end of the yoke on the side of the armature assembly, and (A) in this drawing is a non-excited state, and (B) is a cross-sectional view in an excited state. FIG.

FIGS. 2A and 2B are equivalent circuits corresponding to FIGS. 1A and 1B, respectively.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view in an excited state of a yoke having a U-shaped cross section embedded in a vertical portion of a yoke as a second embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view in an excited state of a third embodiment in which a thin plate-shaped permanent magnet is attached to an end of the yoke in contact with an armature assembly.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view in an excited state of a yoke in which a pair of thin plate-like permanent magnets are embedded in a connection portion between a horizontal portion and a vertical portion of a yoke with reversed polarities.

FIG. 6 shows a fifth embodiment in which a non-magnetic material is sandwiched in the center of the vertical portion of the yoke, and a thin plate-shaped permanent magnet is attached between the yoke and the magnetic material with the polarity reversed, above and below. FIG. 3 is a transverse sectional view in an excited state.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a sixth embodiment in which a thin plate-shaped permanent magnet is embedded in an armature assembly. FIG. 7A shows an excited state, and FIG. 7B shows a non-excited state.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the relationship between the excitation voltage and the torque of the sixth embodiment shown in FIGS. 7 (A) and (B).

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a state in which a pair of thin plate-like permanent magnets are attached to side surfaces of an armature assembly in a reversed polarity as an seventh embodiment, in an excited state.

FIG. 10 shows an eighth embodiment of the present invention in which a non-magnetic material is sandwiched in the center yoke side of the armature assembly, and a pair of thin plate-like permanent magnets having reversed polarities are embedded in the lower position. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view in an excited state.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of an excited state of a pair of thin permanent magnets having inverted polarities connected and embedded in a vertical direction inside an armature assembly as a ninth embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of a tenth embodiment in which a pair of thin plate-shaped permanent magnets are embedded in a horizontal attitude on the yoke side near the upper and lower ends of an armature assembly, in an excited state.

FIG. 13 shows an eleventh embodiment of an armature assembly;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an excited state when a pair of thin-plate permanent magnets having opposite polarities are embedded in opposing positions of an outer pole and an inner pole of a yoke.

14A and 14B are cross-sectional views of a conventional non-excitation operation type electromagnetic brake. FIG. 14A is a cross-sectional view in a non-excitation state, and FIG.

15A and 15B show equivalent circuits corresponding to FIGS. 14A and 14B, respectively.

FIG. 16 is a relationship diagram between an excitation voltage and a torque in the conventional non-excitation operation type electromagnetic brake shown in FIGS. 14 (A) and (B).

[Explanation of symbols]

1,1f, 1g, 1h, 1i, 1j, 1k A - armature assembly 1h _1, 1i _1: nonmagnetic space - Sa 2,2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2d 1, 2d 2, 2e 1,
_{2e 2, 2f, 2g 1,} 2g 2, 2h 1, 2h 2, 2i 1, 2
_{i 2, 2j 1, 2j 2} , 2k 1, 2k 2 permanent magnet 3 magnet assembly 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f Yo - click 4: Spring Pre - DOO 4f power transmission spring 5,5F: Hub 6 Annular air gap 7 Flange 8 Stationary body 9 Rotation axis 11 Excitation coil Ga gap Pi Inner pole Po Outer pole φc Magnetic flux by coil φm Magnetic flux by permanent magnet

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A 1-156333 (JP, U) JP-A 55-115444 (JP, U) JP 4-71826 (JP, U) (58) Survey Field (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F16D 65/21 F16D 55/28

Claims (15)

(57) [Claims] 1. A rotating shaft, which is disposed so as to be rotatable relative to the rotating shaft at right angles to the rotating shaft, and is fixed to a stationary body. The outer periphery and the inner periphery of the rotating body are formed with an outer pole and an inner pole, respectively. And a hollow cylindrical yoke having an annular gap defined therebetween, and an exciting coil housed in the annular gap of the yoke. A magnet assembly that operates, a permanent magnet attached to a part of the magnet assembly, the outer pole and the inner pole of the magnet assembly.
An armature assembly as a secondary rotator, which is rotatable integrally at right angles to the rotation shaft, facing the opening end side of the armature, and is mounted so as to be capable of relative movement in the axial direction; Releasing means for always operating the armature assembly in a direction to separate the armature assembly from the magnet assembly, wherein the armature assembly is attached to the magnet assembly when the magnet assembly is not excited. The magnet set is generated by the magnetic flux of the magnet.
Braked adsorbed on solid, the magnet assembly flux canceling the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet is generated by the exciting coil to be excited by said release means A - armature assembly is released from the adsorption, predetermined A non-excited operation type electromagnetic brake in which a gap is formed to release from braking and the armature assembly rotates integrally with a rotating shaft, wherein the permanent magnet is at least one strong and thin,
A plurality or continuous rings divided at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction at arbitrary positions in the main magnetic flux circuit of the magnet assembly as magnets whose surfaces perpendicular to the thickness direction are magnetized with different polarities. A non-excited operation type electromagnetic brake characterized in that an exciting current in a range in which a magnetomotive force having a magnitude substantially equal to the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet and an opposite direction is generated flows through the exciting coil. . 2. The non-excited operation type electromagnetic brake according to claim 1.
2. A non-excited operation type electromagnetic brake according to claim 1, wherein said release means is a release spring. 3. The armature assembly according to claim 1, wherein said thin permanent magnet is a pair of inner and outer permanent magnets each of which is a yoke of said magnet assembly. The thickness direction of each of the outer and inner poles is arranged in the width direction of the gap at a position slightly inward in the axial direction from the ends of the outer and inner poles opposite to each other.
A non-excited operation type electromagnetic brake which is concentric with a rotating shaft, parallel to each other, and opposite in polarity on the same axial side. 4. The non-excited operation type electromagnetic brake according to claim 1, wherein the thin permanent magnet has an end opposite to a side of the yoke facing the armature assembly. A non-excited operation type electromagnetic brake in which the thickness direction is substantially perpendicular to the width direction of the gap substantially at the middle of a portion connecting the outer pole and the inner pole in the radial direction. 5. A method according to claim 1 or 2 non-excitation type electromagnetic vibration according - in key, the thin permanent magnet, the magnet assembly of Yo as the inner and outer pair - click of the A - armature assembly and the counter At the tips of the outer and inner poles, the thickness direction is arranged in the width direction of the gap, and are concentric with the rotation axis and parallel to each other, and have opposite polarities on the same side in the axial direction. Non-excited operation type electromagnetic brake located in 6. The non-excited operation type electromagnetic brake according to claim 1, wherein the thin permanent magnet is arranged on a pair of inner and outer circumferences concentric with a rotating shaft and parallel to each other. At the end of the yoke opposite the side facing the armature assembly, slightly axially inside the portion of the yoke that radially connects the outer and inner poles, respectively. The thickness direction of the magnet is parallel to the width direction of the gap, and the permanent magnets on the inner circumference are arranged in contact with the radially inner circumference side of the permanent magnets arranged on the outer circumference, and are arranged on the same axial side. A non-excited operation type electromagnetic brake in which the polarities are opposite to each other. 7. The non-excited operation type electromagnetic brake according to claim 1, wherein an outer pole and an inner pole at an end of the yoke opposite to a side facing the armature assembly. At the axial end of the part that connects the
As a thin permanent magnet on a pair of inner and outer circumferences concentric with the rotation axis and parallel to each other, the thickness direction of each magnet is parallel to the width direction of the gap, and the inner ring is in the radial direction of the outer ring. A part of the yoke which radially connects the outer pole and the inner pole is disposed at a predetermined distance from each other, and the polarities on the same side in the axial direction are opposite to each other.
The width in the axial direction is thicker than the thickness of the permanent magnet, and the radial length at the position deviated inward in the axial direction from between the pair of inner and outer permanent magnets is the radial length. A non-excited operation type electromagnetic brake in which an annular through-hole corresponding to the interval between permanent magnets is formed, and a non-magnetic spacer is disposed therein. 8. A rotary shaft and a rotary shaft, which are disposed so as to be relatively rotatable at right angles to the rotary shaft , are fixed to a stationary body, and have outer and inner peripheries which are an outer pole and an inner pole, respectively. A hollow cylindrical yoke having an annular gap defined in the middle, and an exciting coil housed in the annular gap of the yoke, and a disc-shaped yoke acting as a primary electromagnet. And an outer pole and an inner pole of the magnet assembly.
An arc as a secondary rotating body which is mounted on a hub fixed to the rotating shaft facing the opening end of the rotating shaft so as to be capable of relative movement in the axial direction via a transmission spring and is rotated integrally with the rotating shaft. A permanent magnet attached to a part of a magnetic circuit formed by the armature assembly and the magnet assembly, wherein the magnet assembly is not excited when the magnet assembly is not excited. The armature assembly is attracted and braked by a magnetic flux of a permanent magnet attached to the magnet assembly, and when the magnet assembly is excited, a predetermined gap is formed between the armature assembly and the armature assembly. A non-excited operation type electromagnetic brake released from braking, wherein the permanent magnet is at least one strong and thin ,
Each surface perpendicular to the thickness direction is magnetized to a different polarity
Wherein A as a magnet which is - arranged as Mature assembly of a plurality or continuous ring-shaped divided at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction at an arbitrary position in the main magnetic flux circuit, when energizing the exciting coil, The inner and outer poles of the armature assembly that are in contact with the outer and inner poles of the yoke of the magnet assembly are magnetic poles of the same polarity, and a repulsive force is generated to produce the armature. A non-excited operation type electromagnetic brake characterized in that the assembly is repelled to form a predetermined gap and release from braking. 9. A non-excited operation type electromagnetic brake according to claim 8.
In the key, the strong thin magnet may be a radially outer pole of the armature assembly in which one set or one ring is opposed to a yoke outer pole of the magnet assembly. A non-excited operation type electromagnetic brake having a thickness direction perpendicular to the gap on the inner peripheral surface. 10. A non-excited operation type electromagnetic brake according to claim 8, wherein said strong thin magnet is a pair continuously arranged in a radial direction, one of which is said armature set. On the end face of the three-dimensional yoke facing the outer pole, and on the other end face facing the inner pole, the thickness direction of each is made parallel to the gap, and the polarities of the same axial side faces are opposite. A non-excited operation type electromagnetic brake arranged so that 11. A non-excited operation type electromagnetic brake according to claim 8, wherein said strong thin magnet is a pair of magnets arranged at predetermined intervals in a radial direction, one of said magnets being one of said pair. Each of the armature assemblies is positioned at a predetermined axial distance outward from the end face of the pole facing the outer pole of the yoke and the other end face facing the inner pole. The thickness direction is made parallel to the gap, and the respective axially same side surfaces are arranged so that the polarities thereof are opposite to each other. From each end to the pair of thin magnets, a radial direction is used. A non-magnetic spacer having a length equal to the distance between the magnets disposed on the pair of circumferences is disposed between the radially inner end of the armature assembly and the outer circumference of the rotating shaft. Is a non-excitation operation type electromagnetic brake in which a non-magnetic spacer is arranged. Ki. 12. A non-excited operation type electromagnetic brake according to claim 8, wherein said strong and thin magnets are a pair continuously arranged in a radial direction, one of said magnets being said armature. The other end of the assembly is located at a predetermined axial distance inward from the end face of the pole facing the outer pole and the other end face facing the inner pole. The outer wall of the yoke of the armature assembly is arranged so that the thickness direction is parallel to the gap and the polarities of the same axial side surfaces are opposite.
The end faces of the outer pole facing the inner pole of the yoke are radially inward, and the end faces of the inner pole facing the inner pole of the yoke are radially outward, and the outer pole and the inner pole of the yoke, respectively. A non-excited operation type electromagnetic brake which is extended so as to leave a predetermined annular gap therebetween, and a non-magnetic spacer is arranged in the annular gap. 13. A non-excited electromagnetic brake according to claim 8, wherein a portion of the armature assembly near the end face of the pole facing the outer pole of the yoke is radially inward. The part near the end face of the pole facing the inner pole is bent inward in the radial direction to have a substantially C-shaped cross section, and the strong and thin magnets are arranged as a pair arranged in parallel in the axial direction. One of them is the arm of the armature assembly.
In the middle of a portion bent radially inward from the end face of the outer pole facing the outer pole of the yoke, the outer pole of the yoke is axially aligned with the outer peripheral surface of the outer pole, and the other is the inner pole. In the middle of a portion bent radially outward from the end face of the pole facing the pole, is substantially aligned in the axial direction with the radially outer peripheral surface of the inner pole of the yoke, and the thickness direction of each gap is equal to the gap. The end faces of the outer poles of the armature assembly facing the outer pole of the yoke are arranged at right angles to the width direction of the armature so that the polarities of the same radial side faces are opposite to each other. Inward, the end face of the inner pole facing the inner pole of the yoke is extended radially outward so as to leave a predetermined annular gap, and the cross section formed by this extends into a C-shaped annular gap. A non-excited operation type in which a non-magnetic spacer having a convex cross section is arranged. Shake - key. 14. A non-excited operation type electromagnetic brake according to claim 8, wherein an end face of an outer pole facing an end face of an outer pole of the yoke of the armature assembly and the inner pole are provided. The above-mentioned strong and thin magnets are arranged at predetermined intervals inside and outside the radial direction on the opposite pole end faces.
A pair of non-excited electromagnetic brakes arranged such that the thickness direction of each pair is aligned with the width direction of the gap, and the polarities of the same axial side surfaces are opposite. 15. The non-excited operation type electromagnetic brake according to claim 8, wherein said transmission spring is mounted as a strong spring also serving as a release spring.