JP3137248B2 - Swash plate compressor - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improvement in a variable displacement or fixed displacement swash plate type compressor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional swash plate type compressor, for example, a variable displacement type compressor disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-215469 is known. In this variable displacement swash plate type compressor, a plurality of cylinder bores radially arranged in parallel are formed in a cylinder block, and a piston is reciprocally accommodated in each cylinder bore. The front housing closes one end of the cylinder block to secure a crank chamber between the cylinder housing and the drive shaft that can rotate at an equal position in each cylinder bore. Penetrated through the device. A rotary swash plate is tiltably supported on the drive shaft via a rotor in the crank chamber, and a swing swash plate is mounted on the rotary swash plate such that the swing swash plate can be swung while the rotation is restricted by a thrust washer. The piston is moored to the moving swash plate via a connecting rod. A rear housing is fixed to the other end of the cylinder block with a discharge valve, a valve plate, and a suction valve interposed therebetween, and thus the piston head forms a compression chamber in the cylinder bore. A discharge chamber and a suction chamber are formed in the rear housing, and a control valve for controlling the pressure in the crank chamber by the pressure in the discharge chamber and the pressure in the suction chamber is also provided.

In this variable displacement swash plate compressor, the rotating swash plate rotates at a tilt angle corresponding to the pressure in the crank chamber by rotating the drive shaft via a rotor, whereby the swash plate at the same tilt angle. To swing, the piston reciprocates in the cylinder bore of the cylinder block via the connecting rod.
Thus, the piston sucks the refrigerant gas from the suction chamber through the suction valve into the compression chamber during the suction stroke and discharges the refrigerant gas from the compression chamber through the discharge valve during the discharge stroke under a predetermined capacity at the same inclination angle. I do.

[0004] As a fixed displacement type swash plate type compressor, for example, a compressor disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 63-52975 is known. This fixed displacement swash plate type compressor has the same configuration, but the swash plate cannot tilt and has a constant capacity.

[0005]

However, in the conventional swash plate type compressor exemplified above, regardless of the variable displacement type or the fixed displacement type, a thrust bearing and a radial bearing are provided between the inner wall of the front housing and the drive shaft. Two bearings are provided. The thrust bearing receives a thrust load acting from all compression chambers, and the radial bearing receives a radial load generated due to a volume difference between the compression chambers. For this reason, the swash plate type compressor is elongated in the axial direction by aligning the thrust bearing and the radial bearing in the axial direction. Further, since two bearings are required, the number of parts is large, and since the parts management is troublesome, the production cost is high.

Further, the radial bearing must be arranged on the crank chamber side of the shaft sealing device. However, in the conventional swash plate type compressor, the outer diameter of the radial bearing is usually made smaller than the outer diameter of the shaft sealing device. ing. For this reason, the shaft sealing device cannot be inserted from the crankcase side before the front housing is mounted, and after the front housing is mounted on the cylinder block, the swash plate, the drive shaft, etc., the inside of the boss formed on the front housing is removed. It is necessary to insert a shaft sealing device from the outside and to use a circlip to prevent the shaft sealing device from falling into the boss. For this reason, a troublesome assembling process of the circlip is required, and the assembling workability is poor, so that the manufacturing cost increases. Further, the necessity of the circlip also increases the number of parts and increases the manufacturing cost. Furthermore, the presence of the shaft sealing device in the boss results in a large outer diameter of the boss and a long boss length, which requires a large clutch to be fixed to the swash plate type compressor, which is also a drawback in mountability.

An object of the present invention is to simultaneously improve the mountability of a swash plate type compressor, reduce the number of parts, and improve the workability of assembly.

[0008]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a swash plate compressor according to the present invention has a plurality of radially arranged cylinder bores, and a piston is reciprocally accommodated in each of the cylinder bores. A cylinder block, a housing for securing a crank chamber between the cylinder block, and a housing that penetrates the housing via a shaft sealing device, and is rotatable at an equal position with respect to each of the cylinder bores. A swash plate compressor comprising: a drive shaft that is rotatably supported in a crank chamber and positions a swash plate in the crank chamber via the rotor; and a mooring mechanism that moors the swash plate and the piston. The drive shaft and the housing
Instead of a bearing provided between the housing and the rotor, a novel configuration is adopted in which a combined bearing capable of receiving both a thrust load and a radial load is provided between the inner wall of the housing and the rotor.

As such a combined bearing, a deep groove ball bearing, an angular ball bearing, a four-point contact ball bearing, a cylindrical roller bearing with a collar, a tapered roller bearing, or the like can be used. In the swash plate compressor according to the present invention, it is preferable that a shaft sealing chamber that opens to the crank chamber side is formed in the housing, and the shaft sealing device is held in the shaft sealing chamber.

[0010]

The swash plate type compressor according to the present invention is provided between the drive shaft and the housing , regardless of whether it is a variable displacement type or a fixed displacement type.
Instead of the bearings, a combined bearing is provided between the inner wall of the housing and the rotor, and the combined bearing receives the thrust load acting from all the compression chambers and the radial load generated by the volume difference between the compression chambers. ing. For this reason, this swash plate type compressor does not need to align the thrust bearing and the radial bearing in the axial direction unlike the conventional one, and is shortened in the axial direction, thereby improving, for example, vehicle mountability. In addition, the number of parts is reduced by the combined use bearing, the parts management becomes easy, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.

In the swash plate type compressor according to the present invention, when the shaft sealing chamber is formed in the housing and opens to the crank chamber side, and the shaft sealing device is held in the shaft sealing chamber, the shaft sealing device is assembled with the housing. It can be inserted into the shaft sealing chamber from the crank chamber side before attaching, and the troublesome process of retaining the shaft sealing device in the boss using a circlip as in the related art is unnecessary. For this reason, the number of steps at the time of assembling is also reduced, and assembling workability is improved, so that manufacturing costs are reduced. Also, by eliminating the need for circlips, the number of parts can be reduced,
Manufacturing costs are reduced. Further, since the shaft sealing device is supported by a shaft sealing chamber formed in the housing, the boss requires only a minimum outer diameter and length for fixing the clutch to the swash plate type compressor. Since the diameter is reduced, it is possible to connect a small clutch as a clutch, and the mountability is further improved.

[0012]

【Example】

(Embodiment 1) Hereinafter, Embodiment 1 in which a swash plate type compressor of the present invention is embodied as a variable displacement type compressor will be described with reference to FIG. A front housing 2 is joined to one end face of the cylinder block 1, and a rear housing 4 is joined to the other end face via a valve plate 3. A drive shaft 6 is rotatably extended into a crank chamber 5 in the front housing 2, and a rotor 7 is fixed to the drive shaft 6. A long hole 7b is formed in the rotor 7, and a pin 8a is slidably inserted into the long hole 7b, whereby the rotary swash plate 8 is supported so as to be tiltable with respect to the drive shaft 6. A thrust bearing 9 is provided on a sliding surface on the back side of the rotary swash plate 8, and a flat bearing 10 and a race 1 are provided on a sliding surface on the boss side of the rotary swash plate 8.
A thrust washer 12 is disposed via the first swash plate 1, whereby the swinging swash plate 13 is attached to the rotating swash plate 8 in a state where the rotation is restricted. Pistons 15 are interlockedly connected to the swinging swash plate 13 via connecting rods 14, and each of the pistons 15 is inserted into each of the cylinder bores 1a so as to be able to move directly. A guide rod 16 is disposed in the crank chamber 5 in parallel with the drive shaft 6.
Reference numeral 6 allows the axial movement of the swash plate 13 while restricting the rotation of the swash plate 13 by being clamped by one end of the swash plate 13.

On the other hand, a suction chamber 17 is provided in the rear housing 4.
The refrigerant gas in the suction chamber 17 communicating with a refrigeration circuit (not shown) is supplied to the compression chamber through the suction valve and the suction port of the valve plate 3, and is compressed in the compression chamber. The discharged refrigerant gas is discharged to the discharge chamber 18 via the discharge port of the valve plate 3 and the discharge valve 18a, and is further sent out to the refrigeration circuit. In the rear housing 4, a control valve 30 and a safety valve 40 communicating with the air supply passage 20 or the bleed passage 21 formed in the cylinder block 1 are provided.

As the most characteristic configuration of this swash plate type compressor, a deep groove ball bearing 25 as a combined bearing is provided between the inner wall of the front housing 2 and the rotor 7. Further, a boss 26 protruding outside the front housing 2 is provided.
The boss 26 has an outer diameter and a length smaller than those of the conventional boss.
A shaft sealing chamber 26a is formed by an inner boss 27 having an inner diameter slightly larger than the inner diameter of the shaft 6. The shaft sealing device 28 is supported by the shaft sealing chamber 26 a from the crank chamber 5 side, and maintains a sealed state with the inner boss 27.

In this variable displacement swash plate type compressor, a deep groove ball bearing 25 between the inner wall of the front housing 2 and the rotor 7 is provided.
As a result, a thrust load acting from all the compression chambers and a radial load generated by a volume difference between the compression chambers are received. For this reason, in the swash plate compressor, it is not necessary to align the thrust bearing and the radial bearing in the axial direction as in the related art, and the compressor is shortened in the axial direction, and the mountability on the vehicle is improved. Further, the number of parts is reduced by the deep groove ball bearing 25, the parts management becomes easy, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.

Further, in this swash plate type compressor, the shaft sealing device 28 is supported by the shaft sealing chamber 26a provided in the front housing 2 from the crank chamber 5 side. Can be inserted from the side of the crank chamber 5, eliminating the need for complicated steps as in the prior art. For this reason, the number of steps at the time of assembling is also reduced, and assembling workability is improved, so that manufacturing costs are reduced. In addition, since the circlip is not required, the number of parts is reduced, and the manufacturing cost is reduced. Further, since the shaft sealing device 28 is held in the shaft sealing chamber 26a in the front housing 2, the outer diameter and length of the boss 26 are reduced. For this reason, a small clutch can be connected, and the mountability is further improved. (Embodiment 2) Next, Embodiment 2 in which the swash plate type compressor of the present invention is embodied as a fixed displacement type compressor will be described with reference to FIG.

A center housing 52 is joined to the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder block 51.
A front housing 53 is joined to one end of the cylinder block 51, and a rear housing 55 is joined to the other end of the cylinder block 51 and the center housing 52 via a valve plate 54. A drive shaft 57 is rotatably extended into a crank chamber 56 in the center and the front housings 52 and 53. The drive shaft 57 has a rotor 58 having a rear surface inclined.
Is fixed. A swinging swash plate 60 is provided on the rear side of the rotor 58 via a thrust bearing 59.
Is urged toward the crank chamber 56 by a support member 61 provided non-rotatably on the cylinder block 51 via a spherical body 61 and the like. The swinging swash plate 60 includes a connecting rod 63.
The pistons 64 are interlocked and connected via
Are movably fitted into the respective cylinder bores 51a.

On the other hand, the suction chamber 6 is provided in the rear housing 55.
5 and a discharge chamber 66 are formed. Refrigerant gas in the suction chamber 65 communicating with a refrigeration circuit (not shown) is supplied to the compression chamber through a suction valve and a suction port of the valve plate 54, and the refrigerant gas in the compression chamber is The compressed refrigerant gas is discharged into the discharge chamber 66 through the discharge port of the valve plate 54 and the discharge valve 67, and is further sent out to the refrigeration circuit.

As the most characteristic configuration of the swash plate type compressor, a deep groove ball bearing 68 is provided between the inner wall of the front housing 53 and the rotor 58 as a combined bearing.
The boss 69 projecting outward from the front housing 53 has a smaller outer diameter and length than the conventional boss, similarly to the first embodiment. A shaft sealing chamber 69a is formed by an inner boss 70 having an inner diameter slightly larger than the inner diameter of the boss 69, which is open to the chamber 56 side. The shaft sealing device 71 is supported by the shaft sealing chamber 69 a from the crank chamber 56 side, and maintains a sealed state with the inner boss 70.

In this fixed displacement type swash plate type compressor,
Functions and effects similar to those of the first embodiment can be obtained.
The swash plate type compressor of the present invention may be of another type, and is not limited to the first and second embodiments.

[0021]

As described in detail above, in the swash plate type compressor of the present invention, the use of the combined bearing shortens the axial direction and improves the mountability. In addition, the number of parts is reduced by the combined use bearing, the parts management becomes easy, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.

Further, in the swash plate type compressor of the present invention,
A shaft sealing chamber that opens to the crank chamber side is formed in the housing,
When the shaft sealing device is held in the shaft sealing chamber, the number of steps at the time of assembling is reduced, so that the assembling workability is improved and the manufacturing cost is reduced. In this case, a circlip is not required, the number of parts is reduced, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.

Further, in this case, since the outer diameter of the boss is reduced, it is possible to connect a small clutch as a clutch, and the mountability is further improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a compressor according to a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a compressor according to a second embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

1, 51 ... Cylinder block 1a, 51a ... Cylinder bore 15, 64 ... Piston 5 ... Crank chamber 2, 53 ... Front housing 28, 71 ... Shaft sealing device 7, 58 ... Rotor 8 ... Rotating swash plate 13, 60 ... Plates 6, 57: Drive shafts 14, 63: Connecting rods (mooring mechanism) 25, 68: Deep groove ball bearings (combined bearings) 26a, 69a: Shaft sealing chamber

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A 1-157279 (JP, U) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F04B 27/08

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A cylinder block having a plurality of cylinder bores arranged radially in parallel and accommodating a piston in each of the cylinder bores so as to be able to reciprocate, a housing for securing a crank chamber between the cylinder blocks, The housing penetrates through a shaft sealing device, is rotatable at an equal position with respect to each of the cylinder bores, supports a rotor in the crank chamber so as to be able to rotate synchronously, and swashes the swash plate through the rotor through the crank. In a swash plate type compressor including a drive shaft positioned indoors and a mooring mechanism for mooring the swash plate and the piston, a bearing provided between the drive shaft and the housing is provided.
Alternatively, a swash plate type compressor is provided between the inner wall of the housing and the rotor, which is provided with a combined bearing capable of receiving both a thrust load and a radial load. 2. The swash plate type compression according to claim 1, wherein a shaft sealing chamber is formed in said housing, said shaft sealing chamber being open to said crank chamber side, and said shaft sealing device is held in said shaft sealing chamber. Machine.