JP3174919B2 - Automatic grain drying equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automatic grain drying apparatus for a grain drying facility such as a country elevator which mainly includes rice or wheat as a target grain and includes a receiving section, a drying section, a storage section, a preparation and shipping section.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No.
As shown, the storage capacity of the tank based on the input and output
Calculation technique and Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 60-137730
As shown in the figure, the discharge flow rate of the tank is
Technique for detecting state, and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-124434
As shown in the official gazette, the amount of input and output to the tank is calculated.
Technology as disclosed in JP-A-2-15047.
In addition, there is a technology for automatically drying grains in multiple tanks .

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The above-mentioned prior art relates to cereals.
Drying by weighing the tank and detecting the amount of grain
Due to changes in grain weight due to
It is necessary to provide a grain discharge sensor in the tank. Also,
Due to the difference in transfer capacity between input and output
Grain flow rate changes due to water loss or grain variety
Incorrect prediction of tank grain emissions due to differences
There is a case. In addition, the detection of the discharge sensor alone
If the grain is not discharged from the exit even if it remains, it is judged empty.
Malfunction, and grain from other tanks
Is not judged to be empty even if
Of input and output time of grain to tank and detection of presence or absence of discharged grain
Alone can properly determine whether the tank is empty or not.
Simplification of grain detection structure and improvement of grain drying efficiency
Problems such as difficulty in improving handling operability, etc.
There is a title .

[0004]

Means for Solving the Problems] However, the present invention includes a plurality
Grain tank, dryer and conveyor and take-out conveyor
And the grain tank in the grain tank
A grain discharge sensor for detecting the output flow rate and the grain tank
Cumulative input time of the input grain and discharge from the grain tank
Calculation means for comparing the accumulated time of discharged grains with
Based on the output values of the grain discharge sensor and the comparison calculation means.
The empty state of the grain tank is detected based on the
In the automatic grain drying device that starts grain drying,
It depends on the total time and the correction factor of the grain input into the tank.
Calculation of the lower and upper limit emission time
The cumulative grain discharge time detected by the
Automatic drying of cereal when it is below the upper limit discharge time
While the grain discharge time is the lower limit discharge prediction time
Automatic drying of grains when the time is below
The grain tank is configured to stop the drying operation.
Grain is measured by drying, compared to weighing to determine the amount of grain.
No need to consider changes in material weight and take out grain tanks
Easy and low cost cereal discharge by installing between mouth and dryer inlet
Sensors can be configured , grain discharge sensors in multiple grain tanks
Can be shared, and transport of the overhang conveyor and the take-out conveyor
Differences in performance, as well as grain flows whose moisture is reduced by drying
The cumulative time of grain input can be corrected for changes in amount, etc.
Emission forecasts can be made properly, and emissions from dryers
To increase grain discharge efficiency and increase grain drying efficiency.
It can be easily improved, and the
Is empty when grain remains in the grain tank.
Malfunction, if the grain tank is empty,
Malfunctions that are not judged to be empty due to grains leaking from
Can be easily prevented, as well as a shutter failure at the grain tank outlet.
Malfunction of grain discharge sensor or operator's operating procedure
Erroneous control due to the
Can be easily achieved .

[0005]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an operation control circuit diagram, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of a secondary drying step. Raw rice which is temporarily stored in a storage bin (1) after receiving and weighing is dried via a dryer loading / lowering machine (2). Carry in (3) until the water content reaches the specified level.
After the primary drying, the dryer (3)
And drying in the storage silo (4), which is a grain tank for tempering, is repeated so as to uniformize the moisture in the grains and dry while preventing cracking of the body. After the primary drying, the semi-dried paddy taken out from the dryer (3) is transferred to the empty silo (4a) of the storage silo (4) via a dryer discharge elevator (5) and a silo input moving conveyor (6). It is configured to be put in.

Then, from the silos (4a) (4b) (4c) (4d) (4e) of the storage silo (4), through the automatic shutters (7a) (7b) (7c) (7d) (7e). The semi-dried paddy taken out on the silo discharge conveyor (8) is re-conveyed to the dryer (3) via the dryer charging / lifting machine (2), and these silos (4a) to (4)
Secondary drying is performed between e) and the dryer (3), and the dried paddy finished up to a predetermined moisture content after the secondary drying is sent to the preparation and shipping section in the next step.

In addition, a silo discharge flow sensor (9) for detecting a flow state of the paddy conveyed by the conveyor (8) is provided at a position above the feed end of the discharge conveyor (8), and the flow sensor (9) Each silo (4a) based on flow rate detection
(4e) to detect the empty state.

As shown in FIG. 3, there is provided a control circuit (11) which is a comparison operation means constituted by a microcomputer having various operation keys (10) on an operation panel of an operation room, and an automatic drying operation of the dryer (3). An automatic change-over switch (12) for performing the control and the flow rate sensor (9) are connected to a control circuit (1).
CRT (cathode ray) which inputs and connects to 1) and displays an image of the working state in the drying process on a screen.
The tube (13) is connected to the control circuit (11) via a display circuit (14), and the dryer (3), the respective conveyors (6), (8), and the respective elevators (2).
(5) A control circuit (1) is provided to each of the shutters (7a) to (7e).
1) is connected to the output, and the automatic change-over switch (12)
During the automatic operation of the CRT (13), the automatic drying operation is performed by controlling the driving, and at the same time, the contents of the operation and the warning message are displayed on the screen of the CRT (13).

The present embodiment is constructed as described above, and each of the silos (4a) to (4a) is provided from the dryer (3).
e) During paddy filling, the filling time is integrated and automatically timed for each silo (4a) to (4e) as an input integrated time (X1, X2... Xn), and stored in a temporary memory. The actual discharge operation time of the dryer (3) is integrated.

At the time of paddy discharge from each of the silos (4a) to (4e), the flow rate sensor (9) detects the paddy flow state as a grain flow, and the sensor (9) detects the paddy flow. The time during which the detection operation is performed is integrated, and is automatically timed as the integrated discharge time (Y1, Y2... Yn) for each of the silos (4a) to (4e).

When the flow rate sensor (9) detects the empty state of the discharging silo (4b), for example, during the paddy discharging operation, the charging and discharging integrated time (x
n) The empty state is confirmed by comparing with (Yn), and when both of these conditions are satisfied, the operation program of the automatic drying system is determined to be a true empty state.

That is, based on the detection of the integrated charging time (Xn), a lower limit and an upper limit discharge predicted time (TnL) are determined in advance.
(TnH) is calculated, and as shown in FIG. 3, the actual integrated discharge time (Yn) is within TnL ≦ Yn <Tn.
When the relationship H is satisfied, the silo (4b) is determined to be empty, and the predicted emission time (TnL) (TnH) is TnL = Xn
× KL / 100, TnH = Xn × KH / 100. Note that KL and KH are correction factors and KL ≒ 0
To 99 and KH = 100 or more.

The discharge control in the silo (4) will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. For example, when the semi-dried rice in the silo (4b) is secondarily dried after the primary drying, when the automatic shutter (7b) of the silo (4b) is opened, the count of the cumulative opening time of the shutter (7b) is simultaneously measured. Is started, and the accumulated time is displayed on the screen of the CRT (13). A predetermined time (T) from opening of the shutter (7b) set by a timer of the computer.
1) wherein said flow sensor (9) detects grain flow;
After that, when a certain time (T2) further elapses and the grain flow is no longer detected and the counted discharge integrated time (Yn) exceeds the lower limit discharge predicted time (TnL), this silo (4) is used.
b) is determined to be empty, and the discharge program proceeds to the next step.

On the other hand, when the flow rate sensor (9) does not detect the grain flow even though the fixed time (T1) has elapsed,
This warning is displayed on the CRT (13) screen by displaying, for example, a message of "Tank empty?" Also, despite the lapse of a certain time (T2),
The flow rate sensor (9) still detects the grain flow, and the discharge integrated time (Yn) measured is the upper limit of the predicted discharge time (TnH).
Is exceeded, a warning is displayed on the screen of the CRT (13) by displaying, for example, a message indicating that the tank is not empty, and a comment indicating an abnormality or confirmation at the site. Further, when the flow rate sensor (9) does not detect the grain flow within a certain time (T2), but the measured discharge integrated time (Yn) does not exceed the lower limit of the predicted discharge time (TnL), the CRT ( This warning is issued by displaying a comment indicating an abnormality or confirmation at the site, for example, together with a message "Tank empty?" On the screen 13).

As is apparent from the above, a plurality of grain tanks
Storage silo (4) and dryer
(3) Silo loading moving conveyor which is a stow conveyor
(6) and a silo discharge conveyor that is a take-out conveyor
(8) and the storage silo
(4) A grain discharge sensor for detecting the grain discharge flow rate
Silo discharge flow sensor (9) and the storage silo (4)
Time and storage silo (4)
Performance comparing the cumulative discharge time of grains discharged from
And a control circuit (11) as a calculating means,
Based on output values of the quantity sensor (9) and the control circuit (11)
To detect the empty state of the storage silo (4)
In the automatic grain drying device that starts grain drying in (4)
, The cumulative time of grain input into the storage silo (4)
And the correction factor to calculate the lower and upper
And grain discharge detected by the silo discharge flow sensor (9)
Accumulated time is equal to or greater than the lower limit emission time and equal to or greater than the upper limit emission time
While the automatic drying operation of the grain continues when
Emission time is less than the lower limit emission forecast time or upper limit emission forecast
When the time is over, the automatic drying operation of the grain is stopped. So
And measure the storage silo (4) and weigh the grain
It is not necessary to consider the change in grain weight due to drying.
And storage silo (4) outlet to dryer (3)
Simple low-cost silo discharge flow sensor installed between mouths
Construct (9) and discharge silos to multiple storage silos (4)
The flow sensor (9) is shared, and the silo
Transfer capacity of conveyor (6) and silo discharge conveyor (8)
Differences and changes in the flow rate of grains whose moisture decreases due to drying
Etc., and correct the cumulative time of grain input to predict grain emissions
Is carried out properly, and the discharge amount of the dryer (3)
Also increases the amount of storage silo (4) and increases grain drying efficiency
And the lower and upper limit emission forecast time,
Empty storage silo (4) with grain remaining
Malfunction, storage silo (4) will be empty even if empty
It is judged to be empty due to grain leaking from the silo (4)
To prevent unintended malfunctions, etc.
Failure or silo discharge flow sensor (9) failure.
Or erroneous control due to mistakes in the operator's operating procedures, etc.
To improve handling operability.

FIG. 5 shows two driers, that is, first and second cascade dryers (3a) and (3b) operated in parallel, and one overflow device (15) is provided for these dryers (3a) and (3b). This is an example of a configuration in which raw materials are distributed and supplied using the overflow device (1).
5) One automatic shutter (17) is provided in the priority side material supply line (16). (1) When only the first cascade dryer (3a) is operated,
(2) When only the second cascade dryer (3b) is operating,
(3) First and second cascade dryers (3a) (3)
b) During the parallel operation, the upper limit levels (18a) (18b) of the dryer (3a) (3b) supply ports are interlocked with the shutter (17), and the upper limit levels (18a) (18b) are controlled. While the opening and closing of the shutter (17) is performed by turning on / off, when the upper limit levels (18a) and (18b) are on, that is, when the upper limit of the raw material is detected, the dryer (3a) (3)
Dryer (3a) by stopping supply of raw material to b)
This is configured to improve the efficiency of (3b) and prevent overdrying.

FIG. 6 shows an automatic drying system for performing finishing drying only by rotation of the storage bin (1) using a room-temperature constant-humidity dryer (19). For example, the order of empty bins is [1]. [2] [3] in order of rotation
Bins (1) that do not need rotation are set in order of [4], and the bins (1) are programmed to [0] and dried in one cycle or the set number of rotations. A configuration screen and a display screen required on the screen (13) are displayed to perform automatic operation according to the configuration program. In this case, the raw material in one or two bottles (1) is mixed with three to five bottles (1).
Rotation by dividing into equal parts, and conversely, rotation by combining raw materials in 4 to 5 bins (1) into 1 to 2 bins (1) can be easily performed by screen operation. You can do it.

[0018]

As is apparent from the above embodiments, the present invention comprises a plurality of grain tanks (4) and a dryer (3).
Conveyor (6) and take-out conveyor (8)
And also detects the grain discharge flow rate of the grain tank (4)
The grain discharge sensor (9) and the grain tank (4)
From the total time of the input grain and the grain tank (4)
Comparison operation to compare with the cumulative discharge time of discharged grains
Means (11) and a comparative performance with the grain discharge sensor (9)
Grain tank (4) based on the output value of the calculating means (11)
The empty state of the next, and dry the next grain tank (4)
Grain tank in automatic grain drying equipment to be started
(4) Based on the cumulative input time of grain and the correction factor
Calculation of the lower and upper limit emission time
(9) Predicted lower limit emission time of cumulative grain emission time detected
Automatic drying of grains when the time is longer than the estimated emission time
While the drying operation is continued, the grain discharge time is
When the time is less than the measurement time or the
It is configured to stop automatic drying operation.
Tank (4) Compared to weighing and detecting the amount of grain,
There is no need to consider changes in grain weight due to drying and
Provided between the product tank (4) outlet and dryer (3) inlet
The grain discharge sensor (9) can be configured easily and at low cost.
A number of grain tanks (4) share a grain discharge sensor (9)
Of the overhanging conveyor (6) and the unloading conveyor (8)
Grains whose transport capacity is different and whose water content is reduced by drying
The total time of grain input can be corrected for changes in
Grain emissions forecasts can be made properly and
The discharge of the grain tank (4) is more than the discharge of the dryer (3)
Can increase the drying efficiency of grains easily.
And the lower and upper expected emissions
(4) False judgment that the grain remains empty with grain remaining
Crop and other grain tanks even if the grain tank (4) is empty
Not judged to be empty due to grains leaking from (4)
Malfunction can be easily prevented, and the grain tank (4) outlet
Shutter failure or malfunction of grain discharge sensor (9) or
Eliminate erroneous control due to mistakes in the operating procedures of
It can easily improve handling operability, etc.
There is .

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an operation control circuit diagram.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of a 2 o'clock drying step.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a relationship between an input and an integrated discharge time.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing another modified structure example.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing another modified structure example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 (3) Dryer (dryer) (4) Storage silo (grain tank) (6) Silo loading and moving conveyor (stow conveyor) (8) Silo discharge conveyor (take-out conveyor) (9) Silo discharge flow sensor (grain discharge sensor) (11) Control circuit (comparison operation means)

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A 1-226627 (JP, A) JP-A 61-124434 (JP, A) JP-A 2-115047 (JP, A) 137730 (JP, U) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B02B 1 / 02,7 / 00

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] A plurality of grain tanks (4) and a dryer
(3) to the filling conveyor (6) and unloading conveyor (8)
Therefore, the grain is connected to the grain tank (4).
A grain discharge sensor (9) for detecting a discharge flow rate;
Cumulative charging time of grain to be charged into tank (4) and grain tank
Comparison with cumulative discharge time of grain discharged from tank (4)
And a comparison calculating means (11) for performing
Based on the output values of (9) and the comparison operation means (11),
Detects the empty state of the product tank (4) and returns to the next grain tank
In the automatic grain drying device that starts grain drying in (4)
, The cumulative time of grain input into the grain tank (4)
And the correction factor to calculate the lower and upper
At the time of integrated grain discharge detected by the grain discharge sensor (9)
Is between the minimum emission time and the maximum emission time.
In the meantime, while the automatic drying operation of the grain continues,
The time is less than the lower limit emission time or the upper limit emission time
An automatic grain drying apparatus characterized in that the automatic grain drying operation is stopped at the time of the above .