JP3167273B2 - Mulching material and mulching method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a mulching material and a mulching method used for covering the surface of soil when growing a plant, and more particularly to prevention of soil erosion, retention of soil moisture, regulation of soil temperature, and suppression of weeds. The present invention relates to a surface protection material and a method for protecting the surface, which have a remarkable effect.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a mulching material for protecting the surface of the earth, the following structures have been known. That is, a torsion-type protective material obtained by adding an asphalt-based adhesive to a mixture of crushed bark, crushed wood chips and compost, and crushed stones or clay baked products prepared in a size of about 10 to 50 mm alone. , Or two types of self-weight protection materials prepared in a mixed state, the former being tamped with a scoop, a roller, a vibrator, or the like from above to lay the protection material laid on the ground surface, and thereby mixed in advance. The asphalt-based adhesive was pressed against materials such as crushed bark and wood chips, whereby the constituent materials of the protective material were adhered to each other.

[0003] First, the former pressure-resistant protective material is described. Since the adhesive material having the pressure-adhesive property is mixed into the protective material as described above, the material itself is slightly sticky. Even if you try to remove it from the storage bag, the material sticks to the inner surface of the bag and it is not only difficult to remove it from the wrapper, but also if you do not work carefully enough during construction, the material will stick to the leaves and stems of the plant and it will be beautiful There was a problem that a perfect finished surface could not be obtained. In addition, since the mulching effect is not obtained only by spraying the protective material, it was necessary to apply a pressure from above using a scoop or the like after spraying. If there is a plant with a low plant height in the construction site at the time of torsion, the plant is often damaged with a scoop, and if the torsion pressure is reduced, the protective material cannot be fixed to the surface of the ground. It had the fatal flaw of not getting it. In short, conventional torsion-type protective materials are not able to adhere the protective material in a planar manner due to insufficient torsion pressure. In addition, it was troublesome in terms of workability.

[0004] On the other hand, the latter self-weight protective material simply requires that the material be spread on the surface of the ground, but since the original method is to use the weight of the material to fix it on the surface of the ground, the weight of the material itself is reduced. There is a problem that it requires a large amount of labor for carrying in work and paving work for construction. In addition, there is a problem that when the construction is performed on a sloped ground, the weight of the material acts negatively and slides down, so that there is a restriction that the material can be applied only to a flat ground. Furthermore, if these materials are scattered on the road after construction, pedestrians may step on them and fall,
This could cause a vehicle slip accident. In addition, since the material was an inorganic substance, corrosion decomposition did not proceed, and therefore, it was not possible to mix it into the soil even when replanting the plant. That is, the above-mentioned self-weight mulching material does not assimilate into the soil for a long time. Therefore, when replanting a plant, there is also a disadvantage that the mulching is once again removed from the ground surface and then mulched again.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve all the drawbacks or disadvantages of the conventional type described above, and firstly, to make it possible to reduce the weight of the mulching material itself. The purpose of this is to make it easier to carry in and construct materials, and to reduce transportation costs. Second, in order to improve workability during construction, the mulching material itself is kept in a dry state without any adhesiveness before and during application of the material, and at the same time, the conventional pressure work is not required during construction It is intended to be used. Thirdly, even in places where plants with low plant heights exist or in densely planted areas, they can be spread evenly to the roots. After laying down,
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a novel mulching material and a mulching method in which these materials are adhered to each other in a planar manner so that they do not run off even in the event of wind and rain.

By the way, in the case of mulching materials used for trees (trees) which do not require replanting, such as street trees, relatively heavy inorganic main materials and linking materials can be used as materials. However, according to the present invention, it is possible to fill the gap between the main materials with the joining material and simultaneously bond the materials to each other in a planar manner with a bonding agent.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems Here, the present invention provides:
A granular or chip-shaped material having a ground surface protection effect is used as a main material, and has a specific gravity similar to that of the main material as described above for the purpose of enhancing the fixing action of the main material on the ground surface. A mixture obtained by uniformly mixing a binder having a possible particle size (size) at a ratio of 10 to 90% by volume .
Further, a mulching agent which is used by being sprayed on the ground surface is provided by adding and mixing a powdery bonding agent exhibiting adhesiveness when added to water.

Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to fill a gap between the main materials with a main material made of an organic or inorganic granular or chip-shaped material having a specific gravity similar to that of the main material. A binder that has a uniform particle size (size) and a uniform mixing ratio of 10 to 90% by volume is added to a binder that is powdery when dried before use and exhibits adhesiveness when added with water. After laying the mulching material composed of the mulching material on the ground surface, it includes a mulching method in which the surface is sprayed with fresh water or the following liquid bonding agent in which the adhesive is dissolved is sprayed and applied. . As the liquid bonding agent, a polymer resin emulsion-based bonding agent diluted to about 5 to 20% may be used, and the liquid bonding agent may be sprinkled after watering to further enhance the adhesive effect.

By the way, in practicing the present invention, the mulching material having the above-mentioned structure may be simply spread on the surface of the ground, and even in such a case, the bonding agent dissolves in the rain due to rainfall and the respective materials are fixed on the ground surface. This is because it can be done. When each of the materials is in a dry state, the material repels water even when water is applied, so-called water repellency.If the repellency is remarkable, a surfactant for promoting water absorption is added to the mulching material in advance. Alternatively, it is advisable to spread the above-mentioned water absorption accelerator after the mulching material is spread. By doing so, the adhesive effect between the materials can be obtained at an early stage.

[0010]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS As described above, the present invention combines a main material having a different particle diameter composition with a binder to fill gaps between the main materials with a binder, which is a sub-material, and to adhere to the gap. Thus, the concealing effect of the surface of the ground is enhanced, which is not inferior to that of the conventional torsion protection material. The main materials are 1) crushed or crushed pieces of wind-fall wood, sawn wood, forestry thinned wood, etc. into chips, and 2 to 30 mm granular materials or rods 2) Discharged at sawmills 3) Pulverized materials such as strips or sawdust having a size of about 2 to 30 mm, such as canna waste. 3) Pulverized materials such as branches obtained as pruning waste of street trees. Granules or rods of about 2 to 50 mm. 4) Lumber mills. Crushed bark flakes obtained as municipal waste and harbor waste, about 2 to 100 mm in size 5) Palm shell crushing materials (husk blocks, etc.) 6) Hard-to-corrosive crop debris (corn and pineapple) obtained as agricultural waste Stalks, foliage, etc.) 7) Fallen leaves, twigs, etc. discharged during planting management 8) Crushed stones with small particle size and mineral firing materials (for example, pottery scraps,
Perlite, lightweight aggregate, etc.) The materials listed above are appropriately used as main materials according to the application.

The connecting material, which is an auxiliary material, has a water absorbing power with respect to water or an aqueous adhesive solution, and preferably has a small change in volume between the time of water absorption and the time of drying. Further, it is desirable that the particle size is as small as possible, because it is used for filling the gap between the main materials. Specifically, it is preferable to use peat moss, pulverized coconut shells, sawdust, etc., containing 70% or more of 5 mm mesh or less. In addition, it is 3 with crushed cedar bark
Passing through 0mm mesh or SIC in international soil classification
Soil classified as SICL SIL CL L SL LSS, including those that contain 80% or more of 3 mm or less mesh and compost (70% or more of 10 mm or less mesh)
It can be used as a binder.

Next, examples of the bonding agent (adhesive) that can be used include vinyl acetate-based adhesives, acrylic resin-based adhesives, etc., alone or in combination of two or more. it can. If the amount is extremely small, a conventional asphalt-based adhesive can be used in combination. When mixing this adhesive into the main material / linking material, it is added in a powdered state,
The amount of addition is preferably about 0.05 to 1% by weight per unit volume.

A description will now be given of a pressure-sensitive adhesive which is preferably added to the mulching material of the present invention in advance. This adhesive is
After the above-mentioned bonding agent is dissolved by water, it dries under the influence of the weather and the like until the dried material exhibits the adhesive effect, in other words, the spread material is fixed on the surface of the ground. It is used for the purpose of preventing it from being lost. As the adhesive, it is preferable to use a thickener for marine extracts such as anionic polymer resins and sodium alginate, or a thickener for starch such as pregelatinized starch. In these adhesives, the adhesive action of water is exerted more quickly in time than the consolidation action of a bonding agent. Therefore, if this adhesive is added, the effect of preventing the material from flowing out due to the adhesiveness is added. Increase. In addition, even if a part of the surface layer of the mulching material that has been laid and consolidated once due to stepping on is peeled off, the addition of the adhesive promotes the re-consolidation of the lower mulching material. The action to be performed is exhibited.

The above-mentioned pressure-sensitive adhesive is a substance which is powdery when dried before use but exhibits viscosity when added with water.
Even after being dried, it becomes viscous repeatedly each time it is added to water, so adding this helps to fix the spread material in place.

As described above, in the present invention, the following materials can be preliminarily added to the above-mentioned materials. That is, powdery glycerin fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester, sucrose fatty acid ester or polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, etc.
It is preferable to preliminarily add one or more selected from surfactants having an HLB value of 8 to 18 as a water absorption accelerator.

[0016]

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, an example of the mulching material and the mulching method of the present invention will be specifically described. The following materials were uniformly mixed with a mixer to obtain a mulching material. Main material: Chip material of cedar-style fallen wood with an average of about 1 cm square 60% by volume ratio Connecting material: 40% by volume ratio of Canadian peat moss (fine grains of 16 mm or less) Bonding agent: Acrylic resin bonding agent (Commercial product = Kurita Kogyo Co., Ltd. 750) (20 grams added to 40 liters of the main material and binder) Adhesive: Anionic polymer resin (commercial product = Kurita Kogyo Co., Ltd. 402) (The main material and binder material) 40
50 g per liter) Water absorption accelerator: Nonionic surfactant (commercially available = Rain Power manufactured by Honshu Zinshi) (20 g per 40 liters of the main material and binder)

A mulching material obtained by uniformly mixing the above-mentioned materials at the above ratios was uniformly spread on the ground surface of the park green belt. The thickness of the mulching material when it is spread on the ground surface is about 2 to 5 cm, but it is preferable to spread the mulching material to a thickness of at least 2 cm or more. In carrying out this method, after the mulching material described above was spread, an aqueous solution was prepared by diluting a vinyl acetate resin-based adhesive (commercial product = Kurita Kogyo Co., Ltd. 710) to 10-fold water on site. This was sprayed from above at a rate of 500 grams per square rice. As described above, when the stabilizing effect (fixing effect) is to be developed only by spraying water without applying the adhesive aqueous solution after the mulching material is spread, the powdery bonding agent and / or the adhesive may be used. It is preferable to increase the mixing ratio to about 2 to 3 times the above.

When the product of the present invention is used as a mulching material for a relatively large tree, such as a street tree, which does not require replanting, the grain size or long diameter is 2 mm.
Mineral calcination materials such as crushed stones, pottery scraps, pearlite, lightweight aggregates of about 50 mm to about 50 mm can be used as the main material, in which case, as a binder, soil having approximately the same specific gravity as the main material or After adding the above-mentioned bonding agent after mixing the sand, a mulching material for a tree can be obtained by appropriately adding an adhesive or the like as needed.

[0019]

As described above, the mulching material of the present invention comprises:
Since the main material and the connecting material with different particle size compositions were mixed with powdered bonding agent and the gap between each main material was filled with the connecting material, the planting ground, sloped land or flat land was used. For example, it is possible to spread the surface evenly regardless of the condition of the ground, and to spread the ground evenly without damaging the trees and flower plants. Also,
Not only can it be much lighter than the conventional self-weight protection material, but also the scattered protection material is fixed to the ground surface with a bonding agent, so that the effect of preventing scattering is sufficiently exhibited. Furthermore, since it is not necessary to mechanically press and fix from above again after spraying as in a conventional torsion protection material, work efficiency is excellent. In particular, it has been extremely difficult to perform torsion work on plants with low plant heights or densely planted areas, but such inconvenience can be eliminated. In addition to this, it is possible to effectively use wind-down trees and waste materials, etc., which are treated as waste, and at the same time, it is possible to process thinning materials, which had hardly found any use surface, into chips and use them. It has excellent industrial effects in that it can also contribute to the development of forestry.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A01G 13/00

Claims (10)

(57) [Claims] [Claim 1] with a granular or chip-like material having a surface protection effect in the main material, and having a specific gravity comparable to the main material, which can be filled into the main material mutual gap diameter (size) Is added to a mixture obtained by uniformly mixing a binder having a
A mulching material that is added and mixed with a powdery bonding agent that exhibits adhesiveness and is used by spraying it on the ground . 2. A wood chip having a particle diameter or a major axis of about 2 to 50 mm or a branch or a major axis having a major axis of 2 to 100 m.
2. The mulching material according to claim 1, wherein about m bark shards or crushed coconut shells are used alone or in a mixed state as a main material. 3. The mulching material according to claim 1, wherein peat moss or crushed coconut shell having a size of about 5 mm or less is used as a connecting material. 4. A mulching material used for a high tree or the like which does not need to be replanted, wherein a main material is a crushed stone having a particle diameter or a long diameter of about 2 to 50 mm, a porcelain scrap, or a mineral fired material such as pearlite or lightweight aggregate. 2. The mulching material according to claim 1, wherein the mulching material is made of a soil or sand having substantially the same specific gravity as that of the main material and used as a connecting material. 5. A powdery vinyl acetate-based adhesive or an acrylic resin-based adhesive is added as a bonding agent having a property of being powdered at the time of drying (before use) and solidifying at the time of re-drying after absorbing water. The mulching material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising: 6. An adhesive or a thickener comprising an anionic polymer resin or a marine extract such as sodium alginate or a starch thickener.
A mulching material according to any one of claims 1 to 5. 7. A water-absorption promoter, such as powdered glycerin fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester, sucrose fatty acid ester or polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether or the like.
The mulching material according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising one or more selected from surfactants having an LB value of 8 to 18. 8. A main material composed of organic or inorganic granular or chip-shaped material, having a particle size (size) having a specific gravity similar to that of the main material and capable of filling gaps between the main materials. the tether having, 10 to volume ratio of 90%
To the mixture was homogeneously mixed to the main material in a ratio of, hydrolysis time
Spread the mulching material, which is made by adding a powdery bonding agent that exhibits adhesiveness to the ground, and spread it over the surface .
And a mulching method characterized by the following. 9. A main material composed of organic or inorganic granular or chip-shaped material, having a specific gravity similar to that of the main material and having a particle size (size) that can be filled in a gap between the main materials. the tether having, 10 to volume ratio of 90%
Originating the mixture was uniformly mixed in a ratio, adhesion to the hydrolysis during the
After spreading the mulching material made by adding the powdered bonding agent to be spread on the ground, spread the surface with a liquid polymer resin emulsion-based bonding agent diluted to about 5 to 20% on its surface. A mulching method characterized by the following. 10. After laying the mulching material on the ground surface,
The mulching method according to claim 8 or 9, wherein a fresh water or a liquid bonding agent to be added later contains a water absorption promoter composed of a surfactant for enhancing a permeation effect of water.