JP3005154B2 - Waste sorting equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a waste sorting apparatus for sorting waste.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a waste sorting apparatus for sorting and separating wastes, for example, the one shown in FIG. 3 is known. Waste sorting apparatus 300 illustrated in FIG.
Includes a duct 302 for pressure-feeding waste crushed in a crusher, and a duct 30 provided with a bag filter 304a.
Separator 3 for separating dusts from waste pumped from 2
04, a secondary crusher 306 for crushing waste discharged from the separator 304, and sorting the secondary crushed material discharged from the secondary crusher into combustible materials such as paper and incombustible materials such as metal and glass. The composite sorter 308, the aluminum / iron sorter 310 for separating the noncombustibles into iron, aluminum, and other noncombustibles, the compactor 312 for reducing the combustibles discharged from the composite sorter 308, and the compactor 312 A rotary drum 314 for loading the combustible material on a truck or the like, a blower 316 for sucking air from the bag filter 304a, a deodorizing device 318 connected to the discharge side of the blower 316, and the like. Further, the conveyor 32 interposed between the separator 304, the secondary crusher 306, the composite sorter 308, the aluminum / iron sorter 310, and the compactor 312 for transferring waste.
0, 322, 324, etc., are required.

[0003]

However, in such a configuration in which the sorting devices are independent of each other and are connected by a transfer device between them, the energy efficiency, particularly the energy efficiency for transfer, is not good. .

[0004]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a waste sorting apparatus for conveying a crushed waste in a gas stream,
A first air chamber, which is a hollow can body, receives the waste conveyed through the crushed material conveyance line, floats and sorts in a gas phase, and separates and discharges heavy and light substances; A hollow can body containing a mixer for agglomerating the material, receiving the heavy material discharged from the first air chamber, aggregating the bulk material contained in the heavy material, and removing the heavy material. A second air chamber for floating separation in a gas phase and further separating and discharging light and heavy substances, and a hollow can body,
A third air chamber for receiving the heavy matter discharged from the second air chamber, performing floating separation in the gas phase, and separating and discharging the heavy matter and the light matter, and discharging from the first air chamber A first heavy material pipe for transporting the heavy material to be carried to the second air chamber in a gas flow, and a heavy material discharged from the second air chamber to a gas flow to the third air chamber. A second heavy material conduit for conveying
A light material transfer pipe for transferring light goods discharged from the third air chamber in a gas flow, and a light substance connected to the light goods transfer pipe and catching the light goods conveyed through the light goods transfer pipe. comprising a collecting air chamber for condensing, and a suction mechanism for sucking the gas from the air chamber for the collecting, spiral back inside
The swirl pipe equipped with a full is connected to the above-mentioned crushed material conveying pipeline, the first heavy material.
It is characterized by being interposed in the pipeline and the second heavy material pipeline .

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a waste sorting apparatus according to the first aspect, wherein the swirl pipe is broken by the breakage.
Of the crushed material conveying pipeline, the first heavy pipeline, and the second heavy pipeline.
It is characterized by being installed at the start point and the end point .

[0006]

[0007]

In the waste sorting apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention, the crushed waste transport line transports the crushed waste in a gas stream and throws it into the first air chamber. The first air chamber receives the waste transported through the crushed material transport pipeline, floats and sorts in the gas phase, and separates and discharges heavy and light materials. Note that a heavy substance means, for example, an object that settles relatively quickly when dispersed in air, and a light substance means, for example, an object that is relatively hard to settle when dispersed in air. . Examples of heavy materials are metals,
Examples include small pieces and granules of glass, plastic, and the like, and examples of light substances include small pieces of paper and plastic films. Therefore, the distinction between heavy and light
This is not necessarily due to the magnitude of the mass or the specific gravity.

[0008] The first heavy material pipe carries heavy matter discharged from the first air chamber to the second air chamber in a gas flow. The second air chamber divides the lump contained in the heavy material by the mixer, floats and separates the heavy material in the gas phase, and further separates and discharges the light material and the heavy material. The second heavy material conduit conveys heavy matter discharged from the second air chamber to the third air chamber in a gas flow. The third air chamber receives the heavy matter discharged from the second air chamber, floats and sorts in the gas phase, and separates and discharges the heavy matter and the light matter.

[0009] On the other hand, the light-material transfer conduit includes first to third
The light material discharged from the air chamber is transported by a gas flow and is introduced into the collecting air chamber. The collection air chamber collects light materials. The suction mechanism sucks gas from the collection air chamber.

[0010] The first air chamber is connected to a crushed material conveying pipe, the first air chamber and the second air chamber are connected via a first heavy material pipe, and the second air chamber is connected to the first air chamber. The third air chamber is connected through a second heavy material pipe. Further, the first to third air chambers and the collection air chamber are connected via a light-substance transport pipe, and the collection air chamber is connected to a suction device. Therefore, the crushed material conveying pipe and the suction mechanism are connected in series, and a pressure gradient is formed from the crushed material conveying pipe to the suction mechanism. Thus, the waste is efficiently transported from the crushed material transport pipeline to the first to third air chambers to the collecting air chamber. In addition, only by installing a suction mechanism on the downstream side of the collection air chamber, waste transport and floating sorting can be performed, so that the energy efficiency required for waste sorting is improved.

Further, a collecting air chamber and first to first air chambers are provided.
Since the suction action of the suction mechanism is applied to the third air chamber, the pressure in each air chamber is relatively low with respect to the inflow side, so that the flow of waste into each air chamber is promoted and the pressure is reduced. The influent waste is diffused into the air chamber by the effect. Thereby, floating sorting is performed efficiently.

In this waste sorting apparatus, a baffle of a swirl pipe interposed in the crushed material conveying pipeline, the first heavy pipeline, and the second heavy pipeline passes through these pipelines. The conveyed waste is given a swirling motion along the inner wall of the pipeline.
Therefore, the waste is transported while colliding with the inner wall of the pipeline, and the lump of waste is transported while being lumped together with the collision. Therefore, the efficiency of the floating sorting in the air chamber arranged downstream of these pipelines is improved.

[0013] Further, the waste having the constitution according to claim 2
In the sorting device, a swirl pipe is installed at a start point and an end point of the crushed material conveyance pipeline, the first heavy material pipeline, and the second heavy material pipeline. The waste that has flowed into these pipelines is imparted with the above-described swirling motion on the starting point side and is conveyed while colliding with the pipe wall over the entire length of the pipeline, so that the lump action is further ensured. In addition, since the swirling motion is given at the end point of the pipe line, that is, at the inflow portion into the air chamber, the waste is efficiently diffused into the air chamber. Therefore, the above-mentioned
The effect of the configuration of claim 1 is further improved.

[0014]

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the waste sorting apparatus 10 of the embodiment includes a crushed material conveying pipe 12. A swirl pipe 1 shown in FIG.
8 is attached.

As shown in FIG. 2, a swirl pipe 18 has a plurality of spiral baffles 22 inside a pipe 20 having a total length of about 1 m.
Are provided at substantially equal intervals along the circumferential direction.
The gas passing through the inside from the to the outlet 26 can be swirled in a spiral. In addition, if there is a solid passing along with the gas, the same swirling motion will be given. Although the display of the intermediate portion is omitted in FIG. 2,
The baffle 22 is spirally installed over substantially the entire length of the swirl tube 18.

As shown in FIG. 1, the outlet 16 of the crushed material conveying pipe 12 is connected to the first air chamber 3 through a swirl pipe 18.
Connected to 0. The inlet 14 is connected to a crusher (not shown). The first air chamber 30 is a hollow can body, and is provided with an inflow port 32, a light substance discharge port 34, and a heavy substance discharge port 36 connected to the crushed substance transport pipeline 12.

Light material discharge port 34 of first air chamber 30
Is connected to the light-material transport pipe 40 via the above-described swirl pipe 18. The other end of the light-material transport pipe 40 is connected to the inflow port of the collection air chamber 42 through the swirl pipe 18. 44
It is connected to the. The collection air chamber 42 is a hollow can body, provided with an exhaust port 46 at the top, and an exhaust port 4 at the bottom.
8 are provided. The discharge port 48 is provided with a two-stage damper (not shown).
The substances accumulated in the trapping air chamber 42 can be discharged without changing the pressure in the pump 2.

Further, a power unit 52 is connected to the exhaust port 46 via an exhaust pipe 50. The power unit 52 has a roots pump 54 and a suction side 56.
And air can be discharged from the discharge side 58. Therefore, when the power unit 52 is operated, the air in the collection air chamber 42 can be sucked, and the first air chamber 30 communicating with the collection air chamber 42 via the light-substance transport pipe 40 can be used. Can be sucked, and further, the air in the crushed material conveying pipe 12 can be sucked.

On the other hand, below the first air chamber 30,
A shredder 60 is connected to the heavy material discharge port 36. The shredder 60 can crush the substance discharged from the heavy material discharge port 36 and discharge it from the discharge port 62. The outlet 62 of the shredder 60 has the above-described swirl tube 1
The first heavy material pipe 64 is connected to the first heavy material pipe 64 through the first pipe 8. The downstream end of the first heavy material pipe 64 is connected to the inflow port 68 of the second air chamber 66 via the swirl pipe 18. A compressor 72 is connected to the first heavy material pipe 64 via a butterfly valve 70. Accordingly, when the compressor 72 is operated and the butterfly valve 70 is opened, the object discharged from the shredder 60 can be pressure-fed to the second air chamber 66.

The structure of the second air chamber 66 is the same as that of the first air chamber 30, but differs from the first air chamber 30 in that a mixer 74 is incorporated.
The mixer 74 is capable of stirring an object inside the second air chamber 66 by being rotationally driven by a motor (not shown), and is able to agglomerate, for example, a lump formed by gathering fine objects.

The light material discharge port 76 provided at the upper part of the second air chamber 66 is connected to the branch line 78 of the light material transfer line 40 via the swirl pipe 18 so that the power unit 52 operates. By doing so, the air in the second air chamber 66 can be sucked through the light-material transfer conduit 40 and the branch conduit 78, and the first heavy-material conduit 64 communicating with the second air chamber 66 can be sucked. Air can be sucked.

A second heavy pipe 82 is connected to the discharge port 80 provided in the lower part of the second air chamber 66 via the swirl pipe 18 described above. This second heavy material pipeline 8
The downstream end of 2 is connected to the inflow port 86 of the third air chamber 84 via the swirl pipe 18. The compressor 72 is connected to the second heavy material pipe 82 via a butterfly valve 88. Thus, when the compressor 72 is operated and the butterfly valve 88 is opened, the object discharged from the second air chamber 66 can be pressure-fed to the third air chamber 84.

The structure of the third air chamber 84 is similar to that of the first air chamber 30. The light material discharge port 90 of the third air chamber 84 is connected to the branch line 92 of the light material transfer line 40 via the swirl pipe 18. The air in the third air chamber 84 can be sucked through the 40 and the branch pipe 92, and the air in the second heavy pipe 82 communicating with the third air chamber 84 can be sucked.

Further, a transport box 98 can be connected to and separated from a heavy substance discharge port 94 provided at a lower portion of the third air chamber 84 via a flexible hose 96. Next, the operation of the waste sorting apparatus 10 configured as described above will be described. First, when the waste sorting device 10 is operated, the waste crushed by a crusher (not shown) is pumped through the crushed material transport line 12 and the first air chamber 3.
Released within 0. Since the inside of the first air chamber 30 is sucked by the power unit 52 through the collection air chamber 42 and the light-material conveyance pipe 40, the crushed material conveyance pipe 12 is pressure-fed to enter the first air chamber 30. The waste that has entered is relatively decompressed, and is dispersed and floated inside the first air chamber 30. Further, in the first air chamber 30, air flows from the inflow port 32 to the light substance discharge port 34, so that the light substances in the waste dispersed and suspended in the first air chamber 30 are as described above. The air is discharged from the light material discharge port 34 in accordance with the flow of the air, and is transferred to the collection air chamber 42 via the light material transfer pipe 40. On the other hand, the heavy matter in the waste gradually sinks and accumulates in the lower part of the first air chamber 30, and is further discharged to the shredder 60.

At the time of pressure feeding by the crushed material conveying line 12,
The waste that has flowed into the crushed material transport line 12 is given a swirling motion by the swirl pipe 18 attached to the inlet portion 14 and is conveyed while colliding with the inner wall of the crushed material transport line 12, so that the waste material The waste is transported while being lumped by the collision. Further, since the waste conveyed through the crushed material conveyance pipe 12 is given a swirling motion in the swirling pipe 18 attached to the outlet portion 16, that is, the inflow portion to the first air chamber 30, Is diffused into the first air chamber 30 more efficiently. Therefore, the efficiency of the floating sorting in the first air chamber 30 is improved.

The heavy matter discharged to the shredder 60 is crushed by the shredder 60 to be made into a secondary crushed material.
This secondary crushed material is a mixture of heavy and light materials generated by crushing by the shredder 60. The secondary crushed material is
It is discharged from the discharge port 62 of the shredder and is pressure-fed to the second air chamber 66 through the first heavy material pipe 64. At this time, by the operation of the swirl pipes 18 provided at both ends of the first heavy material pipe 64, the waste is conveyed while being lumped, as in the above-mentioned crushed material transfer pipe 12, Since the swirling motion is given when flowing into the air chamber 66, it is efficiently diffused into the second air chamber 66.

The secondary crushed material that has entered the second air chamber 66 is surely divided by the rotation of the mixer 74. When the mass is divided, the light material contained therein floats due to the airflow in the second air chamber 66 and is discharged together with the air from the light material discharge port 76 to the branch conduit 78 to be collected. It is transported to the air chamber 42.

On the other hand, the heavy matter settles to the lower part of the second air chamber 66, is discharged from the heavy matter discharge port 80, and is sent to the third air chamber 84 through the second heavy matter pipe 82. At this time, the operation of the swirl pipes 18 installed at both ends of the second heavy material pipe 82 causes the above-mentioned crushed material transport pipe 12
As in the case of the first heavy material pipe 64, the waste is transported while being lumped and given a swirling motion upon flowing into the third air chamber 84, so that the waste is efficiently introduced into the third air chamber 84. Spread.

In the third air chamber 84, the waste is dispersed and suspended as in the first air chamber 30 described above. As a result, the light material mixed with the heavy material is separated, discharged from the light material discharge port 90 to the branch pipe 92, and conveyed to the collection air chamber 42.

On the other hand, the heavy matter settles and accumulates on the bottom of the third air chamber 84, is discharged from the heavy matter discharge port 94 at an appropriate timing, and is put into the transport box 98. Most of the heavy objects put into the transport box 98 are non-combustible materials such as glass and metal. Therefore, after the metal is collected by, for example, electromagnetic sorting, it can be disposed of by landfilling.

On the other hand, the air is discharged from the first air chamber 30, the second air chamber 66, and the third air chamber 84,
The light material transferred to the collection air chamber 42 via the light material transfer pipe 40 gradually sinks inside the collection air chamber 42 and accumulates on the bottom. The deposited light material is discharged from the discharge port 48 at an appropriate timing, and is carried out to an incineration facility or the like by a truck, for example. In addition, outflow portions from the first to third air chambers 30, 66, and 84 to the light-material transport pipe 40 and the branch pipes 78 and 92, and outflow portions from the light-material transport pipe 40 to the collection air chamber 42. Since the swirl pipe 18 is installed in the same manner as in the above-described crushed material transfer pipeline 12 and the like, similar to the above-described crushed material transfer pipeline 12 and the like,
The waste is transported while being lumped and collected by the collection air chamber 4.
Since the swirling motion is given at the time of inflow into 2, the gas is efficiently diffused into the collecting air chamber 42.

As described above, in the waste sorting apparatus 10, the first to third air chambers 3
0, 66, 84, and the equipment reaching the power unit 52 via the collection air chamber 42 are connected in series, and when the power unit 52 is operated, the crushed material transport pipe 12
A pressure gradient can be formed from the side to the power unit 52 side. As a result, the crushed material transport line 12 → first to first
The third air chambers 30, 66, 84 → the collection air chamber 42 and the waste are efficiently transported. In addition, only by installing the power unit 52 on the downstream side of the collection air chamber 42, waste transport and floating sorting can be performed, so that the energy efficiency required for waste sorting is improved.

Further, since the air chamber 42 for collection and the first to third air chambers 30, 66, 84 are subjected to suction by the power unit 52, the inside of each air chamber 30, 42, 66, 84 is The pressure becomes relatively low with respect to the inflow side, and each air chamber 30, 42, 66,
The waste inflow into the air chambers 30, 42, and 6 is encouraged while the waste flowing into the air chambers is promoted by the decompression effect.
6, 84. Thereby, floating sorting is performed efficiently.

Further, the crushed material transport line 12, the first heavy material pipeline 64, the second heavy material pipeline 82, and the light material transport pipeline 40
The swirl pipes 18 interposed at both ends of the inflow side and the outflow side of
The waste conveyed in these pipelines is given a swirling motion along the inner wall of the pipeline. For this reason, wastes are collected in each pipeline 1
Since the bulk waste is transported while colliding with the inner walls of 2, 40, 64, and 82, the bulk waste is transported while being lumped together with the collision. Therefore, these conduits 12, 40, 6
Air chambers 30 and 4 arranged downstream of
The efficiency of flotation sorting at 2, 66, 84 is improved.

Furthermore, at the outlet of each of the pipes 12, 40, 64, 82, ie, at the inlet to the air chambers 30, 42, 66, 84, a swirling motion is imparted, so that wastes are removed from the air chambers 30, 42. , 66, 84 are more efficiently diffused. As described above, the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to such embodiments, and can be variously implemented without departing from the gist of the present invention.

[0036]

As described above, according to the waste sorting apparatus of the first aspect, the crushed material transporting line and the suction mechanism are connected in series, and from the crushed material transporting line side to the suction mechanism side. And a pressure gradient is formed. Thus, the waste is efficiently transported from the crushed material transport pipeline to the first to third air chambers to the collecting air chamber. In addition, only by installing a suction mechanism on the downstream side of the collection air chamber, waste transport and floating sorting can be performed, so that the energy efficiency required for waste sorting is improved.

Further, the collecting air chamber and the first to
Since the suction action of the suction mechanism is applied to the third air chamber, the pressure in each air chamber is relatively low with respect to the inflow side, so that the flow of waste into each air chamber is promoted and the pressure is reduced. The influent waste is diffused into the air chamber by the effect. Thereby, floating sorting is performed efficiently.

In addition, the baffle of the swirl pipe interposed in the crushed material conveying pipeline, the first heavy pipeline, and the second heavy pipeline,
The waste conveyed in these pipelines is given a swirling motion along the inner wall of the pipeline. Therefore, the waste is transported while colliding with the inner wall of the pipeline, and the lump of waste is transported while being lumped together with the collision. Therefore, the efficiency of the floating sorting in the air chamber arranged downstream of these pipelines is improved.

Further, the waste having the structure according to claim 2
In the sorting device, a swirl pipe is installed at a start point and an end point of the crushed material conveyance pipeline, the first heavy material pipeline, and the second heavy material pipeline. The waste that has flowed into these pipelines is imparted with the above-described swirling motion on the starting point side and is conveyed while colliding with the pipe wall over the entire length of the pipeline, so that the lump action is further ensured. In addition, since the swirling motion is given at the end point of the pipe line, that is, at the inflow portion into the air chamber, the waste is efficiently diffused into the air chamber. Therefore, the above-mentioned
The effect of the configuration of claim 1 is further improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a device arrangement of a waste sorting apparatus according to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of a structure of a swirling pipe installed in a pipe of a waste sorting device according to an embodiment, and FIG.
FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing an example of a device arrangement of a conventional waste sorting apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Waste sorting apparatus, 12 ... Crushed material conveyance line, 14 ... Inlet part (start point part), 16 ... Outlet part (end point part), 18 ... Swirl pipe, 22. ..Baffles,
Reference numeral 30 denotes a first air chamber, 34 denotes a light-material outlet, 36 denotes a heavy-material outlet, 40 denotes a light-material transfer conduit, 42 denotes a collecting air chamber, 52. -Power unit (suction mechanism), 64 ... 1st heavy material pipeline, 6
6 ... second air chamber, 82 ... second heavy material pipeline, 84 ... third air chamber.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Koichi Nakamura 5-7-1 Shiba, Minato-ku, Tokyo Inside NEC Corporation (72) Inventor Toshie Hasegawa 2--16-20 Shimura, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo Copa (56) References JP-A-7-204618 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B07B 4/00-15/00

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A crushed material transport pipe for transporting crushed waste in a gas stream, and a hollow can body for receiving the waste transported through the crushed material transport pipe, A first air chamber that separates and separates heavy and light materials by flotation, and a hollow can body containing a mixer that agglomerates lumps, which is discharged from the first air chamber. A second air chamber that receives the heavy material, decomposes the lump contained in the heavy material, floats and separates the heavy material in the gas phase, and further separates and discharges the light material and the heavy material; and A third air chamber, which is a hollow can body, receives a heavy substance discharged from the second air chamber, floats and sorts in a gas phase, and separates and discharges the heavy substance and the light substance; The heavy material discharged from the first air chamber is transferred to the second air chamber. A first heavy material pipe for transporting the heavy material discharged from the second air chamber to the third air chamber by a gas flow; And a light material transfer pipe for transferring the light matter discharged from the first to third air chambers in a gas flow; and a light substance transfer pipe connected to the light substance transfer pipe and conveyed through the light substance transfer pipe. and collecting air chamber for collecting the light was, and a suction mechanism for sucking the gas from the air chamber for the collecting
And a swirl tube with a spiral baffle inside.
Interposed in the feed line, the first heavy material line and the second heavy material line
Waste sorting apparatus characterized by a. 2. The swirling pipe is connected to the crushed material conveying pipe,
Start and end points of heavy material pipeline and second heavy material pipeline
The waste sorting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the waste sorting apparatus is installed in a wastewater treatment apparatus.