JP3099728B2 - Method and apparatus for grinding concrete block pavement material - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for grinding a surface of a concrete block for road pavement in a manufacturing process thereof and an apparatus therefor. For more information,
The present invention relates to a method of thinly grinding a concrete block surface in order to bring out a natural stone-like texture to a concrete block pavement laid on a sidewalk of a road or a park, and an apparatus therefor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Relatively small concrete blocks (concrete block pavement materials) such as interlocking blocks and pavement concrete slabs laid on sidewalks of roads and parks are mainly made of cement, crushed aggregate and crushed sand. The mixture is mixed with a coloring pigment as required, water is added thereto, and the kneaded concrete is put into a mold, and is compacted by vibration compaction. Since the fine particles of cement emerge on the surface of the block manufactured in this way, the appearance becomes a single color of the cement or the pigment, and no mixture of crushed stone aggregate and crushed stone is observed at all. However, when the surface of this block is ground by about 0.5 to 1 mm, the shape of the crushed stone aggregate and crushed stone inside clearly emerges, so that a natural stone-like pattern comes to appear. Therefore,
Interlocking block (hereinafter simply "block"
In some cases. ) Is called “polishing finish”, and the ground surface is popular as a landscape paving material.

[0003] Conventionally, in the production of a polished finished block,
Wet polishing methods have been employed as well as marble and granite polishing. In this polishing method, a diamond polishing plate having a water supply facility is rotated with the polishing surface of the block facing upward, and this is pressed against the surface of the block to perform polishing.

[0004]

The above-mentioned conventional polishing method has an advantage that the smoothness of the polished surface is extremely high (that is, a mirror-finished surface is possible), and there is an advantage that even a hard stone can be polished. In addition, the use of a large amount of water for washing increases the cost of water and increases the cost of treating wastewater and sludge (for example, a huge investment is required for wastewater treatment equipment). is there. In addition, it is not preferable to polish the pavement block with such a high smoothness on the polished surface. On the contrary, if the polishing precision is too good, there is a risk that pedestrians may slip during rainfall, so it is safe. A slightly rough polished surface is desired in terms of properties.

[0005] In addition, the conventional wet polishing machine has the following problems since the polishing is performed with the polished surface of the block facing upward. That is, in order to arrange and polish a plurality of blocks at a time, it is necessary to first adjust the level of the surface to be polished. The “Interlocking Block Pavement Design and Construction Procedure” states that the target product thickness (60 mm or 8 mm)
0 mm), there is a tolerance of ± 3 mm.
In actual production, even if there is not much deviation, simply arranging a plurality of blocks on the polishing table and polishing from the top, because the surface shaving allowance is only about 0.5 to 1 mm, Depending on the blocks, over-cut blocks and unground blocks are mixed. Therefore, in order to arrange and polish a plurality of blocks at a time, it is necessary to determine the surface level of the blocks with high precision beforehand.

In a conventional wet block polishing machine, in order to eliminate such trouble of leveling, the blocks are arranged in a line in a row, the height of each block is automatically measured, and the upper surface of the block is measured. As a standard, a method of polishing to a certain depth has been adopted. Thus, one block
In the method in which a plurality of blocks cannot be polished at a time by the method of arranging the blocks one by one in a row, the work efficiency is low and the processing cost is high.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the conventional wet polishing method, and does not generate wastewater or sludge. Therefore, these treatments are unnecessary, and the block surface can be ground to an appropriate roughness. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for grinding a concrete block pavement material by a dry method and an apparatus therefor.

The present invention also provides a method of grinding a concrete block pavement material capable of grinding a large number of blocks at a time even when the thickness of the blocks varies when performing such dry grinding. The purpose of the present invention is to provide an apparatus.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A method of grinding a concrete block pavement material according to the present invention is a grinding method for shaving the surface of a surface layer of a concrete block pavement material and exposing a part of the aggregate, wherein the apparatus comprises a dry bottom grinding. The pavement material is a small pavement material such as an interlocking block or a concrete pavement for pavement, and a plurality of pavement materials to be ground are vertically and horizontally arranged in parallel to form a square aggregate. co the side tightened with the binding band, fed into the grinder of this assembly in the lower grinding surface of the integrally and the paving material is ground at once a plurality of paving material from the lower side
A method of grinding a concrete block pavement material, comprising:
The coalescing is characterized in that it consists of the whole amount of one stage of the paving material in pallet stacking .

In the method of the present invention, a dry bottom grinding machine is used. In the case of a dry bottom grinding machine, since it is a dry type, treatment of wastewater and sludge is not required. In addition, since the lower surface of the block is ground, that is, the block is turned over and the ground surface is turned downward, regardless of the thickness (height) of the block,
A certain depth can be cut with reference to the lower surface. Therefore, a plurality of blocks can be ground at the same time, and a block having a large size can be easily ground.

Heretofore, there has not been provided an appropriate method for polishing the lower surface of a small pavement material such as an interlocking block or a concrete pavement plate. This is because there was no suitable way to feed the small blocks into the bottom grinding machine. In the present invention, a plurality of blocks are arranged side by side in the vertical and horizontal directions to form a rectangular aggregate (hereinafter referred to as a “block aggregate”).
In some cases. ) Side with a tying band,
Since this block assembly is sent to the lower surface grinding machine, even if it is conveyed by a chain type scraper, the row of blocks is not disturbed, and the block does not fall down or jam inside the lower surface grinding machine, and a constant speed Can be passed through.

In the method of the present invention, it is preferable to use a diamond electrodeposition roller as a blade of the dry grinding device.

Conventionally, dry grinding machines for ceramic building materials include:
Band-shaped endless sandpaper was often used. In this method, an endless sandpaper is hooked and tensioned between two drums, and the sandpaper is brought into contact with a grinding surface while rotating at a high speed to move and grind an object to be ground. If this grinding operation is continued for several hours, the sandpaper is worn away and the adhesive of the sandpaper is deteriorated by frictional heat, so that the service life is significantly shortened. Therefore, it takes time and effort to replace the sandpaper, and the cost of the sandpaper increases.

[0014] On the other hand, a diamond electrodeposited roller, ie, a steel drum having a diameter of 20 to 30 cm, which has been developed recently, is rotated at a high speed by a blade on which an industrial diamond is electrodeposited to perform grinding. What to do is very high heat resistance, and because diamond is used as abrasive, it can withstand continuous grinding operation for a long time, and the service life of the blade is very long, so it is a great reduction in grinding cost effective.

By the way, the diameter of the diamond electrodeposition roller is at least about 20 cm, and the distance between the conveyer or the cross-over plate before and after the electrodeposition roller is considerably wide. On the other hand, the size of the block to be ground in the present invention is 20 cm × 10 cm in the standard surface shape, and there is also a small product of 10 cm × 10 cm as the accessory, and when the block flows alone one by one. May fall down between the electrodeposition rollers and fall down, or may not be able to move on to the next conveyor or transfer plate, and may be jammed. In the present invention, such a problem is solved because a plurality of blocks are formed into a block aggregate, and the side surfaces thereof are tightened by a binding band such as a PP band or a steel band and sent to the grinding machine.

In the present invention, it is preferable to use a diamond electrodeposition roller, but it does not exclude sandpaper at all.

[0017] The block assembly, with good suitable in terms of such transport task because consisting of one stage of the total amount of paving material palletizing
is there.

That is, in general, the block is manufactured by an immediate demolding method by vibrating compacted concrete.
A block of about 1 m ² is formed by one compaction molding, and the blocks are stacked on a product pallet about 8 levels with the surface of the block facing upward. The cement is hardened by transferring the pallet to a curing cabinet and curing it for about one day, but a sufficient strength is developed by natural curing for two to three days. Since such a pallet is carried into the block surface grinding process, the work efficiency is extremely improved if the grinding process is performed by using a set block of 1 m ² as one unit in the grinding process. Therefore, in order to carry out the method of the present invention, the side surfaces of a plurality of blocks arranged in parallel on a pallet are previously tightened with a binding band or the like.

The method for grinding a concrete block pavement material according to the present invention employs an unloader that picks up a pavement material aggregate formed by binding the entire amount of a palletized pavement material and transports it to a predetermined position on a roller conveyor. A first reversing device for reversing the pavement material aggregate so that the surface to be ground faces downward, a chain-type scraper for transporting the pavement material aggregate before and after grinding, and a scraper transported by the scraper. A dry bottom grinding machine for grinding the lower surface of the block in between, a second reversing device for reversing the ground surface of the paving material aggregate again and returning it to its original state, and a ground pavement material aggregate The present invention can be easily implemented by the concrete block pavement material grinding apparatus of the present invention including a loader for loading a body on a pallet.

The unloader is a four-way clamp type unloader which lifts a block assembly loaded on a pallet from one side to another on a pallet basis and laterally holds it on a succeeding slat plate. As the conveyor, a belt conveyor, a self-propelled roller conveyor, a device that pushes the rear of the block assembly with a scraper, a pusher, or the like to slide on an iron plate and convey the conveyor can be used.

The first reversing device is a device for reversing a block assembly conveyed with the surface of the block facing upward in order to grind the lower surface.

A grinder equipped with a diamond electrodeposition roller or the like is installed at a position where the lower surface of a passing block can be ground, and the position of a grinding blade such as an electrodeposition roller is adjusted with a screw to perform grinding with reference to the lower surface of the block. Fine-tune the depth of the.

In the chain type scraper, a chain is provided on both sides of a roller conveyor or a crossing plate, and a bar is passed between the chains on both sides at a position slightly floating from the plate surface.
This is applied to the rear side surface of the block assembly, and the chain is driven to transport the block. By transporting the block assembly with a chain-type scraper, the small blocks move as one large plate on the conveyor, and when the first block reaches the grinding blade such as an electrodeposition roller, it moves out to move forward. With a tying band,
Block fall can be prevented. In addition, since the scraper always pushes from the rear of the block assembly, the block does not stay on the grinding blade such as the electrodeposition roller, and can be transferred to the subsequent conveyor or the transfer plate.

The second reversing device is a reversing device for reversing the block assembly having the ground surface facing downward and returning it to its original state, and has the same structure and function as the first reversing device. It is.

The loader is a four-way clamp type device similar to the unloader. The loader is a device that lifts the block assembly across the four sides and loads the blocks one by one on a shipping pallet supported by a lifter.

In the grinding apparatus according to the present invention, the grinding machine comprises:
Multiple diamond electrodeposition rollers for roughing and fine finishing, a press roller that is placed above each electrodeposition roller to hold the block during grinding, and removes swarf adhering to the surface of the block after grinding It is preferable to provide an air blowing device and a dust collector.

With such a grinder, two or three diamond electrodeposition rollers can be provided to cut the lower surface of the block assembly in the order of roughing to fine finishing.

The pressing roller is a roller for pressing the upper surface of the block in order to prevent jumping when the lower surface of the block is ground by the electrodeposition roller. It is preferable that the pressing roller has a rubber adhered to the outer periphery.

By the way, when grinding the lower surface of the block,
The reaction force for preventing the block from climbing requires a surprisingly large force, and the rubber to be attached to the outer periphery of the pressing roller is not effective with a soft material, and requires a material having a hardness as high as that of an automobile tire. Also, if the difference between the maximum and minimum heights of the converging blocks is too large, no matter how strongly the pressing roller is pressed down, grinding unevenness will occur and there is no prevention effect.

Generally, the height of a block manufactured in a factory has a difference between the maximum and minimum of about 2 to 3 mm. In this state, the reaction force of the pressing roller is not transmitted to the block having a low height, and a phenomenon of insufficient grinding may occur even when the pressing roller is passed through the lower surface grinding machine. In order to prevent this, the back surface of the block assembly is ground by a dry-type upper surface grinding machine as a pretreatment for grinding the surface of the block by a lower surface grinding device, and the height of the block is reduced to 1.0 mm, especially 0.5 mm or less. It is preferable to reduce the size and to make the reaction force effect of the pressing roller spread over the entire block of the assembly, and then to grind it with a dry-type lower surface grinder.

The same electrodeposition roller is used for both the upper surface grinding machine and the lower surface grinding machine. However, the grinding effect can be obtained if only 1 mm of the block surface is cut off.
Although a step is sufficient, the grinding of the upper surface grinding machine has a larger grinding thickness on the back surface than on the front surface as described above.
It is desirable to use a three-stage electrodeposition roller.

The dry top grinding machine and the dry bottom grinding machine can be housed in the casing of one grinding machine, but each grinding machine can be housed in a separate casing.

Since the block assembly is transferred by pushing the block assembly at a constant speed by a series of chain scrapers including the inside of the grinding device, the residence time of the block assembly in the grinding device is reduced. It is constant.

The air blowing device is a facility for cleaning by blowing high pressure air from the air nozzle to the lower surface of the block in order to remove shavings adhering to the ground surface of the block. Dust generated by the grinding is collected by a dust collector.

[0035]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a plan view of a grinding device according to an embodiment, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of blocks stacked on a pallet, FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a block assembly loaded on the grinding device, and FIG. FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of a grinding machine.

In this embodiment, a large number of blocks 1 are integrated on a pallet 2. Each block 1
Are arranged vertically and horizontally on the pallet 2 and arranged in a square, and are stacked in multiple stages. A PP tape (polypropylene tape) t is wound for each stage of the block, and the block of one stage forms one aggregate 3.

The pallet 2 loaded with the integrated assembly 3 bound by the PP tape t is moved to the position of the unloader 5 by the first pallet conveyor 4. The pallet 2 is lifted by a pallet elevator (not shown) installed below the unloader, and the uppermost assembly 3 is always at substantially the same level as the conveying surface of the swash plate 6. While being slid horizontally as shown in FIG. 3, it is conveyed to a predetermined position on the slat plate 6 of the grinding device. At this time, the uppermost assembly 3 moves while being sandwiched from four directions by the chuck (not shown) of the unloader 5.

The block assembly 3 is then introduced into the first reversing device 7 from a wobble plate by a pusher (not shown). The first reversing device 7 is a reversing device of a trommel type. As shown in FIG. 4, a horizontal drum 10 is mounted on a pair of parallel rollers 8 and 9, and the horizontal drum 10 is assembled at the time of reversing. The conveyor 3 includes a pair of roller conveyors 11A and 11B (in which the distance between the two roller conveyors is set to 90 mm) for carrying in and out the conveyor 3 and a pair of hydraulic cylinder 36 type holders 35 supported from both sides of the assembly 3. When the assembly 3 is introduced, the horizontal drum 10 includes roller conveyors 11A and 11A.
It stops at the position where B becomes horizontal. First, the assembly 3 is carried in by the lower roller conveyor 11A, and then the holder 35 is sandwiched and fixed from both sides. When one of the horizontal rollers 8 is rotated by the motor 12, the horizontal drum rotates. However, the internal assembly 3 gradually moves onto the conveyed roller conveyor 11B and is inverted (rotated by 180 °).
Is done.

The assembly 3 in the first reversing device 7 which has been reversed and the ground surface of which is the lower surface is a roller conveyor 11B,
After passing through the crossing plate 13 and the crossover plate 14, it is sent to the chain type scraper 15 by the pusher 14A and sent to the grinding machine 16.

As shown in FIG. 5, the grinding machine 16 comprises a casing 1
The assembly 3 is moved on the roller conveyor 18 and the wandering plate 18A in the unit 7, and the upper surface of each block 1 of the assembly 3 is ground by the grinding roller 19A provided in the roller conveyor 18 and the wandering plate 18A. Then, the lower surface of each block 1 of the assembly 3 is ground by the grinding roller 19. The grinding roller 19 is located at a level slightly higher than the roller conveyor 18 and the washer plate 18A, and abuts against the lower surface of the block 1 of the assembly 3 for grinding. The grinding rollers 19 and 19A are driven to rotate at high speed by a motor 20. A pressing roller 21 is disposed above the grinding roller 19 to prevent the block 1 hitting the grinding roller 19 from bouncing upward. A hood 2 is provided above the grinding roller 19A and below the grinding roller 19.
2 are arranged so that the grinding powder can be sucked and discharged from the duct 23.

The chains 24 of the chain type scraper 15 are arranged on both sides of the roller conveyor 18, and a bar 25 bridged between the chains 24, 24 pushes the block assembly 3 from behind to assemble. The body 3 is moved.

As described above, in the present invention, the grinding roller is a diamond electrodeposition roller (for example, having a diameter of 20 mm).
It is preferable to use a cylindrical drum having a diameter of 0 mm and an effective grinding length of 1000 mm in which industrial diamond particles are electrodeposited on the outer peripheral surface. In this case, the grinding depth of the block 1 depends on the diamond electrodeposition roller used. It can be adjusted according to the type, the biting depth of the blade and the passing speed of the block.
Normally, 30 # to 60 # electrodeposition rollers are used, and the time required for grinding the aggregate is about 1 minute.

A plurality of electrodeposition rollers for roughing and fine finishing are used, and a first electrodeposition roller for roughing and a second electrodeposition roller and a third electrodeposition roller for fine finishing are used. It is preferable to perform rough cutting and fine finishing of the block 1 sequentially.

An assembly 3 in which the lower surface of each block 1 is ground
Is sent from the roller conveyor 26 to the second reversing device 27 and is turned upside down. Assembly 3 with grinding surface on top
Is sent to the loader 30 via the roller conveyor 28.
The loader 30 sandwiches the assembly 3 from four directions,
Move on. Thereby, the aggregate 3 is stacked on the empty pallet 2A sent from the unloader 5 via the second pallet conveyor 32, and thereafter, the third
It is sent to the next step (packing step) by the pallet conveyor 33.

[0045]

As described in detail above, according to the method and apparatus for grinding a concrete block pavement material of the present invention, since dry grinding is performed, a large amount of water is not used, and wastewater and sludge can be treated. Grinding can be performed without the need. In addition, it can be finished to a moderate surface roughness. Since the lower surface is ground, a plurality of paving materials can be ground at once even if the thickness of the paving material varies. For example, in the case of an interlocking block, 1
Since an aggregate block (40 to 50) of m ² units can be ground, the grinding efficiency is very high, and a block of 1 m ² can be ground in about 1 minute.

The effect described above is achieved, and the concrete block pavement material can be ground efficiently at low cost.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a grinding device according to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of palletized blocks.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a block assembly loaded on a grinding device.

FIG. 4A is a perspective view of the reversing device, and FIG. 4B is a front view of the same.

5A and 5B are configuration diagrams of a grinding machine, wherein FIG. 5A shows a cross section along a transport direction, FIG. 5B shows a horizontal cross section, and FIG. 5C shows a cross section along a direction orthogonal to the transport direction. .

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 block 2 pallet 3 assembly 4 first pallet conveyor 5 unloader 6,13,29 washer plate 7 first reversing device 8,9 parallel roller 10 horizontal drum 11A, 11B, 18,26,28 roller conveyor 12,20 motor 14 Crossover Plate 15 Chain Scraper 16 Grinder 17 Casing 19 Grinding Roller 21 Holding Roller 22 Hood 23 Duct 27 Second Reversing Device 30 Loader 32 Second Pallet Conveyor 33 Third Pallet Conveyor 35 Holder 36 Hydraulic Cylinder

Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-62-228362 (JP, A) JP-A-3-264257 (JP, A) JP-A-60-264205 (JP, A) JP-A-53-94326 (JP) , A) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B24B 7/22

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A grinding method for shaving the surface of a surface layer of a concrete block pavement material to expose a part of the aggregate .
The apparatus is a dry bottom grinding machine, the pavement material is a small pavement material such as an interlocking block or a concrete pavement for pavement, and a plurality of pavement materials to be ground are arranged in a plurality of rows and columns in a rectangular shape. Aggregate, tighten the side of this aggregate with a tie band, send this aggregate integrally and with the ground surface of the paving material down to the grinding machine, a plurality of paving materials at once from below Grinding method for concrete block pavement material to be ground
And the aggregate is a single layer of the paving material
A method for grinding a concrete block pavement material, characterized by comprising an amount . 2. The method for grinding a concrete block pavement material according to claim 1, wherein the blade of the dry bottom grinding machine is a diamond electrodeposition roller. 3. An unloader for picking up a paving material aggregate formed by binding the whole amount of paving material of a pallet stack in one stage and transporting the paving material aggregate to a predetermined position on a roller conveyor; Reversing device for reversing the pavement material at once, a chain scraper for transporting the pavement material aggregate before and after grinding, and a dry bottom grinding for grinding the lower surface of the pavement material while being transported by the scraper Machine, a second reversing device for reversing the ground surface of the pavement aggregate again to the original state, and a loader for loading the ground pavement aggregate on a pallet. An apparatus for grinding a concrete block pavement material, comprising: 4. The apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein the grinding machine is provided with a plurality of diamond electrodeposition rollers for roughing and fine finishing, and a presser which is disposed above each electrodeposition roller and presses a block during grinding. A concrete block pavement material grinding device comprising: a roller; an air blowing device for removing shavings adhering to the surface of the block after grinding; and a dust collector. 5. The concrete block pavement material grinding device according to claim 3 , further comprising a dry upper surface grinder for grinding an upper surface of the pavement material, provided upstream of the dry lower surface grinder in the transport direction. .