JP2985427B2 - Electronic percussion instrument - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electronic percussion instrument capable of expressing the sound of a natural percussion instrument.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, the progress of electronic musical instruments has been remarkable, and the sounds of various natural musical instruments can be expressed. In particular, it is noteworthy that an electronic musical instrument has emerged that can well represent the sound of attenuated instruments such as a piano, guitar, and percussion. In addition, users' expectations for electronic musical instruments have been increasing, and electronic musical instruments capable of expressing sounds such as natural musical instruments having a more complicated sounding mechanism have been demanded.

On the other hand, as a natural musical instrument having a special sound generating mechanism, a Latin percussion called "Giro" is known. This musical instrument is cut out of a dried gourd and has a wavy jagged surface, and is played by rubbing the surface with a thin wooden stick or the like.

[0004]

However, there has been no conventional electronic percussion instrument capable of expressing a sound such as a "giro". Then, when trying to express such a sound with a conventional electronic percussion instrument, there is a problem that the performance is extremely difficult and a sound that can be used by a player cannot be expressed.

The present invention has been made under such a background, and an object of the present invention is to provide an electronic percussion instrument capable of expressing a sound such as "Giro".

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a performance in which a performance input is performed by a player having an uneven portion on the surface and rubbing the uneven portion on the surface. Input means, detecting means for detecting vibrations generated on the surface by the performance input, and outputting as vibration data, and musical sound generating means for controlling generation of musical sounds based on the vibration data. .

[0007]

According to the above arrangement, the vibration generated by the player rubbing the irregularities on the surface of the performance input means is detected and obtained as vibration data. A tone is generated and controlled based on the vibration data.

[0008]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an electronic percussion instrument according to one embodiment of the present invention. In this figure, 1 is a pad. The surface of the pad 1 (hereinafter referred to as the pad surface) is provided with wavy irregularities imitating the above-mentioned "guiro". 2A and 2B show the structure of the pad 1, wherein FIG. 2A is a plan view of the pad 1, and FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view of the pad 1 taken along the line CC shown in FIG. FIG.
As shown in (b), the pad 1 is composed of a rubber plate 1a and a metal plate 1a.
b, composed of three layers of the impact sensor 1c. Rubber plate 1a
Are located on the surface of the pad 1, and on this surface are formed wavy irregularities. The metal plate 1b supports the rubber plate 1a and facilitates transmission of vibration.
The impact sensor 1c is a piezoelectric vibration sensor and has a rubber plate 1a.
Is detected via the metal plate 1b, and is converted into an electric signal and output.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 2 denotes a stick. Usually, the player performs a performance by hitting the pad surface with the stick 2. However, in this embodiment, in addition to the ordinary percussion instrument performance method, the performance can be performed by rubbing the irregularities on the pad surface using the stick 2.

An amplifier 3 amplifies and outputs an electric signal output from the impact sensor 1c. Reference numeral 4 denotes an A / D (analog / digital) converter, which converts an amplified electric signal output from the amplifier 3 into a digital signal and outputs the digital signal. 5 is a microcomputer. As shown in FIG. 3, the microcomputer 5 connects a CPU 5a for controlling each unit, a ROM (read only memory) 5b containing a program, a RAM (random access memory) 5c as a temporary storage area, and the above units. It consists of a bus 5d. And
The digital signal output from the A / D converter 4 is subjected to predetermined signal processing and output.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 6 denotes a waveform reading type sound source, which has a built-in waveform memory for storing a sample waveform of a "Giro" musical tone. The sound source 6 outputs a tone signal based on the digital signal after signal processing output from the microcomputer 5. Reference numeral 7 denotes a D / A (digital / analog) converter, which converts a digital tone signal output from the sound source 6 into an analog electric signal and outputs it. Reference numeral 8 denotes a sound system, which generates a sound based on an electric signal output from the D / A converter.

Next, the operation of the electronic percussion instrument will be described.
FIG. 4 is a view showing an operation in which a player uses the stick 2 to rub irregularities on the surface of the pad 1. The tip of the stick 2 moves on the pad surface while successively hitting the projection on the pad surface. Each time the tip of the stick 2 hits the projection on the surface of the pad, the vibration generated by the impact is detected by the impact sensor 1c, converted into an electric signal and output. FIG. 5 is a waveform diagram showing an electric signal output from the impact sensor 1c. In this figure, a plurality of shocking waveforms are generated at certain time intervals,
These correspond to the vibration of the pad surface caused by the impact. Then, the electric signal output from the shock sensor 1c is amplified by the amplifier 3, and then the A / D converter 4
Is converted into a digital signal and output.

Next, the digital signal output from the A / D converter 4 is taken into the microcomputer 5 and subjected to signal processing shown in FIG. Hereinafter, the signal processing operation in the microcomputer 5 will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. Note that the CPU 5a performs time counting simultaneously with the signal processing shown in the flowchart, and this count value is used to determine a threshold value for determining the continuation / end of the sound or a sound generation pitch as described later. It is used as a timekeeping value.

When the program is executed, step S1 is executed.
In the above, the CPU 5a determines whether or not an input has been made to the pad surface based on the signal detected by the impact sensor 1c. When the player rubs the irregularities on the pad surface using the stick 2 and the tip of the stick 2 collides with the projection on the pad surface, the result of the determination in step S1 is “Ye”.
s "and goes to step S2. Meanwhile, stick 2
If the pad surface is not rubbed, or if the tip of the stick 2 is moving between protrusions on the pad surface, the result of the determination in step S1 is "No" and the process proceeds to step S8.

When an input to the pad surface is detected and the process proceeds from step S1 to step S2, the CP
U5a determines whether the value of the key-on flag is "1". Here, if the sound source 6 is sounding, the key-on flag is set to "1", and if not, "0" is set. The process for setting the key-on flag will be described later. If the key-on flag is “1”, the determination result of step S2 is “Yes”, and if the key-on flag is “0”, the determination result is “N”.
o ". Here, when the tip of the stick 2 first hits the projection on the pad surface, the key-on flag at this point is set to “0”. In this case, the determination result in step S2 is "No", and the process proceeds to step S5. Next, when the process proceeds to step S5, the CPU 5a
Outputs a sound generation instruction signal to the sound source 6 to signal the start of sound generation, that is, key-on. Then, the process proceeds to step S6. In step S6, the CPU 5a sets the value of the key-on flag to "1", and sets a state in which sound is being generated. Then, the process proceeds to step S7. Proceeding to step S7, CP
U5a clears the count value to "0", and the process returns to step S1.

Returning to step S1, the CPU 5a determines again whether an input has been made on the pad surface. If the tip of the stick 2 first moves against the protrusion on the pad surface and then moves between the protrusions, step S1
Is "No," and the process proceeds to step S8. Next, when the process proceeds to step S8, the CPU 5a executes step S2.
It is determined whether the value of the key-on flag is "1" as in the case of. If the key-on flag is set to "1", the result of the determination in step S8 is "Yes", and the process proceeds to step S9. On the other hand, when “0” is set in the key-on flag, the determination result in step S8 is “No”, and the CPU 5a returns to step S1 again. In this case, since the key-on flag is set to "1", the result of the determination in step S8 is "Yes", and the process proceeds to step S9. Next, proceeding to step S9, the CPU 5a determines whether or not the above-described count value exceeds a threshold value. When the count value exceeds the threshold value, the determination result of step S9 is “Yes”,
Proceeding to step S10, the process of terminating sound generation is performed thereafter. On the other hand, when the count value is equal to or smaller than the threshold value, the determination result is “N
o ", and returns to step S1 to continue sounding. Then, the determination processing of steps S1, S8, and S9 is repeated until the next collision of the stick 2 with the projection on the pad surface occurs.

If the tip of the stick 2 hits the projection on the pad surface again before the count value exceeds the threshold value,
The result of the determination in step S1 is "Yes" and the operation proceeds to step S2. In step S2, the CPU 5a determines whether the value of the key-on flag is "1". In this case, since the key-on flag is set to "1", the result of the determination in step S2 is "Yes" and the process proceeds to step S3. Next, proceeding to step S3, the CPU
5a detects the strength at the time when the tip of the stick 2 hits the projection on the pad surface based on the digital signal output from the A / D converter 4, and uses this as pressure data. Also, the CPU 5a calculates the time required between the previous collision and the current collision from the count value at this time, and further calculates the stick 2 at that time from the calculated time.
Calculate the speed at which the tip of the rubs the pad surface. And
Proceed to step S4. When the process proceeds to step S4, the CPU 5
“a” outputs a volume control signal corresponding to the pressure detected in step S3 to the sound source 6. Also, the CPU 5a
Outputs to the sound source 6 a pitch control signal corresponding to the speed calculated in step S3. Then, the process proceeds to step S7 to clear the count value to “0”. Then, the process returns to step S1, and the process of each of the above-described steps is repeated while the stick 2 continuously hits the unevenness on the pad surface.

When the tip of the stick 2 moving on the pad surface moves away from the pad surface, the time count of the CPU 5a advances, and the count value exceeds the threshold value. As a result, the determination result of step S9 is “Yes”, and the process proceeds to step S10. When proceeding to step S10, the CPU
5a outputs a mute instruction signal to the sound source 6 to signal the end of sound generation, that is, a key-off. Then, step S1
Proceeding to 1, the value of the key-on flag is set to "0", and the state is not sounding. Then, the process returns to step S1, and determines an input to the next pad surface.

When a tone generation instruction signal is supplied from the microcomputer 5 to the sound source 6, the sound source 6 is turned on. On the other hand, when the mute instruction signal is supplied from the microcomputer 5 to the sound source 6, the sound source 6 is turned off in a key-off state. During the key-on state, a tone signal of a continuous sound is output from the sound source 6 based on the pitch control signal and the volume control signal sequentially supplied from the microcomputer 5. That is, the sample waveform data is sequentially read from the built-in waveform memory at a speed corresponding to the pitch control signal sequentially output from the microcomputer 5. However, the reading of the sample waveform data is sequentially performed while being repeated several times in order to generate a continuous sound. Then, the read sample waveform data is output as a tone signal after the volume is controlled in accordance with the volume control signal output from the microcomputer 5. Next, the digital tone signal output from the sound source 6 is converted into an analog electric signal via the D / A converter 7 and then supplied to the sound system 8. The sound system 8 generates sound according to the supplied electric signal. The above is the operation of the electronic percussion instrument.

In this embodiment, if the interval between inputs to the pad surface is kept within a predetermined time, a tone is generated as one continuous sound. FIG. 7 is a waveform diagram showing a tone signal generated in this embodiment. (A) shows an electric signal output from the impact sensor 1c,
(B) and (c) respectively show the pressure and the speed changing according to this electric signal. (D) shows a tone signal generated in this embodiment. In this figure,
The pressure corresponds to the peak value of the electric signal output from the shock sensor 1c, and the speed corresponds to the time interval between the peaks of the electric signal. The tone signal has a waveform whose volume and pitch correspond to pressure and speed, respectively. As described above, by controlling the volume by the pressure and the pitch by the speed, it is possible to perform an expressive performance.

On the other hand, as a method of generating a musical tone different from that of the present embodiment, a new key-on may be performed every time an input to the pad surface occurs. FIG. 8 is a waveform diagram showing an example of a tone signal in this case, and FIG.
3B shows an electric signal output from the signal c, and FIG. 3B shows a tone signal corresponding to the electric signal. As shown in A in the figure, when the output from the impact sensor 1c reaches a certain level, the key is turned on and a musical tone is newly generated. The tone waveform at this time is a tone waveform for one impact. Further, as shown by B in the figure, the tone signal is also attenuated in accordance with the attenuation of the output from the impact sensor 1c, and the key is turned off. In this way, since only the musical tone waveform for one impact need be stored, there is an advantage that the waveform memory capacity can be reduced as compared with the above-described method of storing the sustained sound, and the form of sound generation can be improved. Since it is the same as a natural musical instrument, more natural playing is possible. In addition, if a normal drum sound is generated for each impact, a high-speed continuous sound can be simulated.

The structure of the concave and convex portions provided on the pad surface is as follows: 1) The shape of the convex portion (for example, an arc shape, a triangular shape, a square shape, etc.) 2) The distribution form of the convex portion (for example, the vertical direction, concentric circle, point) 3) Spacing between convex parts (for example, constant spacing, gradually increasing spacing,
Etc.). By changing these on the surface of one pad, or by preparing a plurality of pads and making them different from each other, various musical tones can be expressed.
The pad surface is not limited to a flat surface. For example, it may be a cylindrical shape like a real “Giro”. Also, instead of making the pad surface itself uneven, an attachment made of rubber or the like having an uneven shape may be installed on the conventional pad surface. In addition, a device other than the piezoelectric vibration sensor according to the present embodiment may be used for detecting vibration of the pad surface. Further, if the volume, pitch, and the like of the continuous sound are controlled by the pressure and speed, the present invention can be applied to sounds other than percussion sounds. Some embodiments of the present invention are as follows. (A) means for extracting the magnitude of the pressure rubbed on the uneven portion from the vibration data output from the detecting means, wherein the musical sound generating means controls the volume based on the magnitude of the pressure to generate a musical sound; The electronic percussion instrument according to claim 1, which is generated. (B) means for extracting a speed at which the uneven portion is rubbed from the vibration data output from the detecting means, wherein the musical sound generating means generates a musical sound by controlling a pitch based on the speed. Item 2. An electronic percussion instrument according to Item 1. (C) means for extracting the magnitude and speed of the pressure rubbed on the uneven portion from the vibration data output from the detecting means, wherein the musical sound generating means controls the volume based on the magnitude of the pressure; 2. The electronic percussion instrument according to claim 1, wherein a musical tone is generated by controlling a pitch based on the speed.

[0023]

As described above, according to the present invention, the performance input means having a concave and convex portion on the surface, and performing a performance input by the player rubbing the concave and convex portion on the surface; Thus, a detecting means for detecting vibrations generated on the surface and outputting the same as vibration data and a musical sound generating means for controlling the generation of musical sounds based on the vibration data are provided. The effect of being able to express a sound generated by a rubbing performance such as "Giro" can be obtained. In addition, the simple playing method of rubbing the pad surface has an effect that a high-speed continuous tapping sound, which has been difficult for beginners or the like, can be generated. Further, since the configuration is relatively simple, there is an effect that it can be realized at low cost.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an electronic percussion instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 2A and 2B show the structure of the pad 1; FIG. 2A is a plan view of the pad 1; FIG.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a microcomputer 5.

FIG. 4 is a view showing an operation in which a player rubs irregularities on the surface of a pad 1 using a stick 2;

FIG. 5 is a waveform diagram showing an electric signal output from the impact sensor 1c.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of signal processing in the microcomputer 5.

FIGS. 7A and 7B are waveform diagrams showing a tone signal generated in the embodiment, in which FIG. 7A shows an electric signal output from the impact sensor 1c, and FIGS. Therefore, the changing pressure and speed are shown. And
(D) shows a tone signal generated in this embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a waveform diagram showing an example of a tone signal according to a tone generation method different from that of the embodiment.
3B shows an electric signal output from the signal c, and FIG. 3B shows a tone signal corresponding to the electric signal.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 pad, 1a rubber plate, 1b metal plate, 1c
…… Shock sensor, 2 …… Stick, 3 …… Amplifier, 4
... A / D converter, 5 ... microcomputer, 5a ... CPU,
5b ROM, 5c RAM, 5d bus, 6
... Sound source, 7 ... D / A converter, 8 ... Sound system

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A performance input means having an uneven portion on a surface, wherein a performance input is performed by a player rubbing the uneven portion on the surface, and a vibration generated on the surface by the performance input is detected. An electronic percussion instrument comprising: detection means for outputting data as data; and tone generation means for generating and controlling a tone based on the vibration data.