JP2953217B2 - Electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention performs sound assignment processing according to the size of touch data output for each operation in response to an operation touch during performance of a performance operation means such as a key in a keyboard type electronic musical instrument. Electronic musical instruments.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a keyboard-type electronic musical instrument, the operating force or operating speed at the time of operating a key is detected as touch data (velocity data), and the timbre, pitch, and volume of a musical tone are determined in accordance with the touch data. By controlling the sound and the like, a performance closer to a natural musical instrument is performed. A device that controls the generation of musical tones according to touch data is called a touch response device.

[0003]

However, the conventional touch response device in an electronic musical instrument simply detects the key operation speed and does not accurately simulate the operation of a key such as a piano. . In other words, when a key is pressed very slowly on a natural musical instrument such as a piano, no new sound is generated for that key, and only the damper is released. Even when a key is depressed slowly, the device performs sound generation processing for the key and generates a small musical tone.

Further, in a natural musical instrument such as a piano, when a specific key is depressed and the damper is removed by maintaining the depressed state, a string corresponding to the key from which the damper is released is changed. It is known that it resonates with the vibration of other strings and produces a small sound even when a key operation such as a key press is not performed. Therefore, a natural musical instrument may perform the following special playing technique using such a phenomenon. For example,
The key constituting the chord of the C major is depressed at such an operation speed that the key does not sound in the treble range so that the damper is disengaged, and the C note is strongly depressed in the low range. Then, the string corresponding to the chord of the C major in a state where the damper in the high range is off resonates, and it is possible to produce a tone of the chord emphasizing the component of the major. If the chord damper corresponding to the minor chord is removed, a tone with the minor component emphasized can be produced.

[0005] Further, in the case of a natural musical instrument such as a piano, the following special playing techniques may be performed in combination with a damper pedal. For example, a key in a low-frequency range with little attenuation is strongly pressed, and the key is released by depressing a damper pedal. At this time, the sound in the low range is sustained by the damper pedal. Next, after performing in the high frequency range, the key in the low frequency range that was depressed earlier is depressed again at an operating speed that does not produce sound, and then the damper pedal is released. Then, the sound in the high-frequency range is dumped, and only the sound in the low-frequency range that is depressed again is maintained. However, in a conventional touch response device for an electronic musical instrument, even if a key operation is performed at such an operation speed that does not produce sound to perform such a special playing technique, the sound is re-produced, and the attack is reproduced again from there. In extreme cases, the previous low-tone musical tone was erased, and the above-mentioned special playing method that was possible with natural musical instruments could not be performed.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and can be realized by removing only the damper without sounding the key when the key is operated very slowly like a natural musical instrument. It is an object of the present invention to provide an electronic musical instrument capable of performing various special playing techniques.

[0007]

An electronic musical instrument according to a first aspect of the present invention includes a performance operation means operated to instruct generation of a musical tone, and an operation touch applied when operating the performance operation means. Touch data generating means for detecting and outputting touch data corresponding to the operation touch for each operation; and for a musical tone specified by the performance operation means,
If the size of the touch data is larger than a predetermined value, a tone is generated in the first mode. If the size of the touch data is smaller than the predetermined value, a tone is not generated in the first mode. Then, based on the new tone generation instruction,
And a tone control means for generating a tone in the second mode when generated in the first mode . Also this
The electronic musical instrument according to the second invention of the application instructs generation of a musical sound.
Operating means operated to perform the
Detects operation touches applied when operating a column, and
Output touch data corresponding to the operation touch
Music data generating means,
The size of the touch data is
If the tone is larger, a tone is generated in the first mode,
When the size of the data is less than a predetermined value, the first
Without generating a tone in the mode, another tone is generated in the first mode.
A tone is generated in the second mode on condition that the tone is generated.
Music sound control means for controlling the sound.

[0008]

[0009]

[Action] Conventionally, sound processing is performed in accordance with an envelope such as attack, decay, sustain, and release according to touch data output from the touch data generating means. Even when operated at a speed, a certain value is output as touch data, so that the musical tone control means has performed sound generation processing according to the size of the touch data. On the other hand, according to the first aspect of the present invention, when the size of the touch data output from the touch data generating means is larger than a predetermined value for the musical tone specified by the performance operating means, the first sound is generated. When a tone is generated in the mode and the size of the touch data is equal to or smaller than a predetermined value, the tone is not generated in the first mode and a new tone generation instruction is issued.
When other musical tones are generated in the first mode,
A tone is generated in the second mode. Also,
In the second invention of this application, the generation finger is generated by the performance operation means.
For the indicated musical tone, output from the touch data generation means
If the size of the touch data to be
A tone is generated in the first mode, and the magnitude of the touch data is
Is less than a predetermined value, a tone is generated in the first mode.
Without the other tone being generated in the first mode.
And a musical tone is generated in the second mode under the condition
You. Thereby, the first data can be set according to the size of the touch data.
Automatically controlling whether to generate a tone in the second mode or to generate a tone in the second mode on condition that another tone is generated in the first mode. Can be used, and by this use control,
Control that removes only the damper without performing normal sounding in response to a slow key depression operation, which can be realized with a piano of a natural musical instrument, can also be imitated in an electronic musical instrument. That is, assuming that the first mode is a normal sound mode, when the operation is performed at a slow operation speed at which a natural musical instrument is not sounded, it is determined that the size of the touch data is equal to or smaller than a predetermined value. , Ie, normal tone generation processing is not performed. Instead, on the condition that another tone is generated in the first mode, a tone corresponding to the touch data equal to or less than the predetermined value is generated in the second mode. As the second mode, a predetermined mode such as low-volume sounding and reverberation is used to obtain the second mode.
The tone generated in the first aspect can be imitated as an additional sound (i.e., a resonance sound) to the other sound (i.e., the normal sound) generated in the first aspect. Therefore,
In the case of electronic musical instruments, as in the case of a natural musical instrument piano, it is possible to imitate removing the damper without performing normal sounding by slowly operating the keys, and at that time, other sounds become normal. If it is pronounced, it can mimic the way that the strings with the damper removed will sound (resonate) naturally at a low volume with it, just like playing a natural instrument Can be realized.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 2 is a hardware block diagram showing an overall configuration of an electronic musical instrument incorporating a sound assignment device according to the present invention. In this embodiment, various processes are executed under the control of a microcomputer system including a microprocessor unit (CPU) 20, a program ROM 21, a data and a working RAM 22. The CPU 20 controls the operation of the entire electronic musical instrument. A program ROM 21, a data and working RAM 22, and a keyboard interface 2 are supplied to the CPU 20 via a data and address bus 29.
3. A tone synthesis circuit 24, a panel interface 25, and an analog-digital converter (ADC) 2A are connected.

The program ROM 21 stores a system program of the CPU 20 and data such as various parameters relating to musical sounds. The read only memory (RO)
M). Data and working RAM2
Numeral 2 temporarily stores performance data and various data generated when the CPU 20 executes a program. A predetermined address area of a random access memory (RAM) is assigned to each of them, Used.

The keyboard 26 has a plurality of keys for selecting a pitch of a musical tone to be produced, and has a key switch corresponding to each key. And the like. It goes without saying that the keyboard 26 may be any other performance operator as long as it is a basic operator for music performance. The keyboard interface 23 includes a circuit composed of a plurality of key switches provided for each key of the keyboard 26 for designating the pitch of a musical tone to be generated. When pressed, key-on event information is output, and when a key is newly released, key-off event information is output. Further, a key pressing operation speed or a pressing force at the time of key depression is determined to perform processing for generating touch data, and the generated touch data is output as velocity data. As described above, the key-on / key-off event information and the velocity information are represented by the MIDI standard, and include data indicating a key code and an assigned channel.

The panel interface 25 outputs, as event information, operation data corresponding to the operation status of each operation element (switch) provided on the operation panel 28. The operation panel 28 displays the tone, volume, pitch,
It selects, sets, and controls various parameters such as effects, and is composed of ordinary operators such as switches. Therefore, when the operation panel 28 is operated, the CPU 20 outputs a control signal corresponding to the operation to the tone synthesis circuit 24, and variously controls the tone color and the like of the tone signal synthesized by the tone synthesis circuit 24.

The damper pedal 2B is a kind of operator operated by an operator's foot, and outputs an analog angle signal corresponding to the operation angle to the analog-digital converter 2A. The analog-digital converter 2A converts an analog angle signal from the damper pedal 2B into a pedal signal of "0" or "1" and outputs the signal. When the pedal signal is "0", the depression amount of the damper pedal 2B is small, indicating that the pedal is not operated (damper pedal off). When the pedal signal is "1", the depression amount is large, and the pedal is operated. 2 shows a state in which the damper pedal is on.

The tone synthesis circuit 24 is capable of simultaneously generating tone signals on a plurality of channels. The tone synthesis circuit 24 receives data and performance data (data conforming to the MIDI standard) provided via an address bus 29, and receives the data. A tone signal is generated based on the performance data. Any type of tone signal generation method in the tone synthesis circuit 24 may be used. For example,
A memory reading method for sequentially reading out tone waveform sample value data stored in a waveform memory according to address data that changes in accordance with a pitch of a musical tone to be generated, or a predetermined frequency modulation operation using the address data as phase angle parameter data Or a known method such as an AM method for obtaining musical tone waveform sample value data by executing a predetermined amplitude modulation operation using the above address data as phase angle parameter data to obtain musical tone waveform sample value data. May be. A tone signal generated from the tone synthesis circuit 24 is generated via a sound system 27 (including an amplifier and a speaker).

Next, a microcomputer (CPU 2
An example of the sound generation assigning process executed by step (0) will be described with reference to the flowcharts of FIGS. FIG.
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a main routine processed by a microcomputer. This main routine is executed sequentially in the following steps. Step 31: First, when the power is turned on, the CPU 20
Starts processing according to the control program stored in the program ROM 21. In this “initialization” process, the data and various registers and flags in the working RAM 22 are initialized.

Step 32: It is determined whether or not there is a key event generated by operating the keyboard 26.
When there is an event (YES), the process proceeds to the next step 33, and when there is no event (NO), the process proceeds to step 34. Step 33: Execute key processing according to the operation of the keyboard 26. Details of the key processing are shown in FIG. Step 34: It is determined whether there is a panel event generated by operating the operation panel 28. If there is an event (YES), the process proceeds to the next step 35, and if there is no event (NO), the process proceeds to step 36. move on. Step 35: A panel process corresponding to the operation of the operation panel 28 is executed.

Step 36: It is determined whether there is a change (pedal event) in the pedal signal output from the analog-digital converter 2A due to the operation of the damper pedal 2B, and if there is an event (YES), the next step 37 is performed.
And returns if there is no event (NO). Step 37: The damper pedal 2B in the previous step 36
Is operated, and it is determined that there is a pedal event. Here, it is determined whether or not the pedal event is a pedal-on event. In the case of an on-event (YES), the process proceeds to step 3A, and in the case of an off-event (NO), Proceed to the next step 38.

Step 38: The fact that the pedal event of the damper pedal 2B is an ON event means that the damper pedal 2B is depressed from the pedal-off state, and the pedal is turned on. Therefore, the damper pedal state flag DP is set to "1", indicating that the damper has been removed by the damper pedal 2B thereafter. Step 39: The fact that the pedal event of the damper pedal 2B is an off event means that the damper pedal 2B
Is returned from the pedal-on state to the pedal-off state, and as a result, the damper removed from the strings acts on the strings of all keys to be in the dump state. "0" is set to indicate that the damper pedal 2B is in a dump state thereafter.

Step 3A: Since the pedal event of the damper pedal 2B is determined to be an off event in the previous step 37, it is the tone currently being sounded by the tone synthesis circuit 24, and the key code is stored in the key-on buffer KONBF. Key-off KOFF for all items not registered
To perform dump processing. That is, even when the tone is being produced by the tone synthesis circuit 24, the key-on buffer KONBF
If the key code is not registered in the key, it means that the key is already released (key off). Therefore, when the damper pedal 2B is returned, the dump process is performed and the sound generation is stopped. Here, the fact that the key code is registered in the key-on buffer KONBF means that the damper pedal 2
The fact that the damper is removed regardless of the on / off operation of B means that the damper is removed or actuated in accordance with the on / off operation of the damper pedal 2B. I do.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing details of the key processing in step 33 of FIG. The key processing of FIG.
This is a process performed when it is determined in step 2 that a key event exists. This process is performed in the next step in order. Step 11: the type of key event detected by the keyboard interface 23 (key-on KON or key-off K
OFF) in the key event register KEV, the key code corresponding to the key event in the key code register KC,
The velocity (touch data) at that time is stored in the velocity register KV. Step 12: It is determined whether the event stored in the key event register KEV in the previous step 11 is a key-on KON or a key-off KOFF. If the event is a key-on KON (YES), the process proceeds to the next step 13 and a key-off KOFF (N
In the case of O), the process proceeds to step 1A.

Step 13: It is determined whether or not the magnitude of the velocity data stored in the velocity register KV in the previous step 11 is larger than a predetermined value TH. If it is larger (YES), the process proceeds to step 14, otherwise. In this case, the process proceeds to step S19. In step 12, it is determined that the key event is key-on KON, and
The determination that the magnitude of the velocity data in the velocity register KV is larger than the predetermined value TH means that a key event has occurred during a normal performance operation. At 18, a process corresponding to that is performed.

Step 14: Key event is key-on KO
Since it is N, channel assignment processing is performed accordingly. That is, if the key in which the key event has occurred is the same as the currently sounding key, the previous sound is dumped and reassigned to that channel. If there is no vacant channel, any channel is truncated and assigned to that channel.

Step 15: A corresponding key-on KON is set to a normal tone on a channel assigned according to the tone set on the operation panel 28, the key code in the key code register KC, and the velocity data in the velocity register KV. Start. Step 16: The key code in the corresponding key code register KC is stored in the key-on buffer KONBF. Step 17: It is determined whether or not there is a key code stored in the key-on buffer KONBF that is not sounded and has not been sounded by the tone synthesis circuit 24 (YES). Is Step 1
The process proceeds to step 8 and returns if it does not exist (NO).

Step 18: The current key-on KON stored in the key-on buffer KONBF in Step 17
The fact that it is determined that the sound is silent even though it is in the state, that is, it is determined that the key is not sounding, means that the key operation speed is very slow, and in step 13 the magnitude of the velocity data in the velocity register KV is determined. Is a predetermined value T
H or less, and only the processing of step 19 is performed, and the sound generation processing of steps 14 to 16 is not performed.
Corresponds to the case where the sound generation process is performed once, but the sound is naturally muted with the key pressed. Therefore, in such a case, it means that the damper for the key has been removed,
If an empty channel exists, it is assigned to that channel, and a sound is produced at a small volume as a resonance sound. This corresponds to a phenomenon in which a string whose damper has been removed is produced with a small sound in resonance with the vibration of another string in a natural musical instrument.

Step 19: If it is determined in step 12 that the key event is key-on KON, and if it is determined in step 13 that the magnitude of the velocity data in the velocity register KV is equal to or smaller than the predetermined value TH, it means that the sound is generated. This means that the key is pressed very slowly so that it does not occur. Therefore, here, the corresponding key code KC is stored in the key-on buffer KONBF without performing the sound generation processing as in steps 14 and 15, and the corresponding key code is stored. Returning indicating that the damper has been removed for the key. Step 1A: key event is key-off K in step 12
Since it is determined to be OFF, the corresponding key code is deleted from the key-on buffer KONBF. As a result, the action of the damper on the key of the corresponding key code depends on the on / off operation of the damper pedal 2B.

Step 1B: It is determined whether or not the damper pedal state flag DP is "0". If "0" (YES), the process proceeds to step 1C, and if "1" (NO), the process returns. That is, the fact that the damper pedal state flag DP is "1" means that the dampers for all keys have been removed by the damper pedal 2B. In this case, the routine immediately returns without performing the key-off process. On the other hand, the damper pedal state flag DP is "0".
Since this means that the damper by the damper pedal 2B is acting on all keys, the process proceeds to the next step 1C to perform key-off processing. Step 1C: The damper pedal state flag DP is determined to be “0” in the previous step 1B, and the damper pedal 2B
, The key-off KOFF is output to the sounding channel that is sounding the corresponding key code KC, and the mute processing is performed immediately.

In the above-described embodiment, when a new key is pressed, the resonance sound is generated for a key that has been pressed (the damper has been removed) but has not been sounded. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the state of the sound channel is always detected and the key is pressed (the damper is released)
As far as possible, a configuration may be adopted in which optimal reverberation is provided.
In this case, since a resonance effect is not so expected for a sound channel that generates a musical sound with a certain amplitude, it is sufficient to select only a channel having a small amplitude and add a resonance sound.

In the above embodiment, the pitches to be resonated are all described as being keyed on.
The present invention is not limited to this, and the resonance sound may be added even when the dampers of all keys are removed by operating the damper pedal. However, in this case, since the number of sounding channels becomes extremely large, the resonance sound is generated only for sounds that are in harmony with the actually sounded channel (key pressed with velocity data equal to or higher than the predetermined value TH). What is necessary is just to make it add and pronounce.

[0030]

Effects of the Invention] According to the present invention, even in an electronic musical instrument, as well as piano of natural musical instrument, by manipulating the slow key, you can mimics that remove the only damper without performing the pronunciation Rutotomoni , Then other sounds are usually
If the sound is pronounced as
Mimics a playing technique that sounds naturally (resonates) at a low volume
By being able to, so that it is possible to realize a special playing in the exactly the same as playing a musical instrument
The effect is excellent .

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the key processing of FIG. 3 processed by a microcomputer constituting an electronic musical instrument according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a hardware block diagram showing the overall configuration of the electronic musical instrument according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a main routine processed by a microcomputer constituting the electronic musical instrument according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

20 CPU, 21 Program ROM, 22 Data and Working RAM, 23 Keyboard interface, 2
4 ... tone synthesis circuit, 25 ... panel interface, 26
... keyboard, 27 ... sound system, 28 ... sound system, 29 ... data and address bus, 2A ... damper pedal, 2B ... analog-digital converter

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A performance operation means operated to instruct generation of a musical tone, detecting an operation touch applied when operating the performance operation means, and outputting touch data corresponding to the operation touch for each operation. A touch data generating unit that generates a tone in the first mode when the size of the touch data is larger than a predetermined value for the tone specified by the performance operation unit; If the value is equal to or less than the predetermined value, the musical tone is not generated in the first mode, and another musical tone is generated based on the new musical tone generation instruction.
An electronic musical instrument comprising: a tone control means for generating a tone in the second mode when generated in the mode. 2. A case where after the pronunciation completion of musical tones for tone tone generation instruction is issued even occurrence instruction state of the musical tone is maintained by the performance operation means, a new tone
Another tone is generated in the first mode based on the generation instruction.
Rutoki, the electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the generating instruction state is provided with the tone is maintained further musical tone control means for generating in the second embodiment. 3. An operation for instructing generation of a musical tone.
The performance operation means and the operation touch applied when operating the performance operation means are detected.
Touch data corresponding to the operation touch for each operation.
A touch data generating means for outputting a sound, and a musical tone specified by the performance operating means.
If the size of the switch data is larger than a predetermined value, the first
A tone is generated in a manner, and the size of the touch data is predetermined.
If the value is equal to or less than the value, no musical tone is generated in the first mode.
In, that the other tone is generated in the first embodiment
A tone control means for generating a tone in the second mode according to the condition.
Electronic musical instrument equipped . 4. In the case where the tone generation instruction is given by the performance operation means and the tone generation instruction state is maintained after the tone generation, the other tone is generated in the first mode. electronic musical instrument according to claim 3 that further comprises a musical tone control means for generating in the second aspect of the tone the generating instruction state is maintained on condition that is.