JP2941777B1 - Solid fuel production method and solid fuel production apparatus using waste - Google Patents

Abstract

Kind Code: A1 A method for producing a solid fuel using waste which reduces or eliminates the use of petroleum and gas fuels used to reduce the water content of garbage containing organic waste. And a solid fuel production apparatus. The fermentation process comprises fermenting garbage containing organic waste by a fermentation action of microorganisms to remove water from the garbage, and comprises a combustible refuse including waste plastic, used paper, used cloth and non-combustible refuse. A second refuse crushing step 7 for crushing a second refuse, a non-combustible refuse sorting and collecting step 8 for selectively collecting and collecting the non-combustible refuse from the crushed second refuse, and selectively discharging only the combustible refuse; A mixing step of mixing the garbage from which the water has been removed and the combustible waste to form mixed refuse; and a compression molding step of pressing and compressing the mixed refuse to form a solid fuel. A method and apparatus for producing a solid fuel using waste.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing a solid fuel using garbage containing organic waste and combustible waste including waste plastic, waste paper and used cloth. About.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, garbage containing organic waste and combustible garbage such as waste plastic, used paper, used cloth and the like are mixed, crushed, dried, and then compression-molded with a pelletizer or the like. Methods for producing solid fuels have been proposed.

[0003]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional solid fuel production method, since the water content of garbage including organic waste is 70% or more, a large amount of petroleum,
Gas fuels are used for drying to reduce the water content, and are finally compression molded into solid fuel. For this reason, there was a problem that it was not economical. Therefore, the present invention provides a method for producing a solid fuel using waste that reduces or eliminates the use of petroleum and gas fuels used to reduce the water content of garbage containing organic waste. And a solid fuel production apparatus.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention comprises a fermentation step of fermenting garbage containing organic waste by a fermentation action of a microorganism to remove water from the garbage, and a waste plastic, waste paper and used cloth. A second refuse crushing step of crushing a second refuse consisting of combustible refuse and non-combustible refuse; and mixing the garbage from which the water has been removed and the crushed second refuse to form a mixed refuse. A mixing step, a non-burnable refuse is selectively collected from the mixed refuse, and a non-combustible refuse separation and recovery step for selectively discharging the mixed refuse consisting of only the garbage and the flammable refuse; and only the garbage and the flammable refuse. A compression molding step of pressing and compressing the mixed refuse comprising: (a) forming a solid fuel into a solid fuel. Further, the present invention provides
A solid fuel production method using waste, comprising a mixed waste crushing step of crushing the mixed waste immediately before the non-combustible waste sorting and collecting step.

Further, the present invention is a method for producing solid fuel using waste, comprising a garbage crushing step of crushing the garbage immediately before the fermentation step. Further, the present invention is a method for producing a solid fuel using waste, wherein a drying step by heating is simultaneously performed in the mixing step. Further, the present invention is a method for producing a solid fuel using waste which heats the fermentation step and / or the compression molding step with hot air and / or steam generated in the drying step. Furthermore, the present invention is a method for producing a solid fuel using waste to which slaked lime is added in the mixing step and / or the compression molding step. Further, the present invention relates to a method for producing a solid fuel using a waste, comprising one or more iron sorting and collecting steps for sorting and collecting iron from the second waste and / or the mixed waste upstream of the compression molding step. is there. Further, the present invention is a method for producing a solid fuel using waste, which is provided with one or more deodorizing and exhausting steps for deodorizing and exhausting odors.

Further, the present invention provides a fermentation apparatus for removing water from the garbage by fermenting the garbage by fermentation by microorganisms while stirring the garbage containing organic waste in the first casing. By rotating in the second casing, waste plastic, waste paper,
A second refuse crusher having a first rotary blade for crushing a second refuse made of combustible refuse and non-combustible refuse including used cloth, and the garbage and the second refuse in a third casing.
A mixing device that forms mixed garbage by stirring and mixing the garbage with the refuse, a non-combustible garbage sorting and collecting device for separating and collecting the non-combustible garbage from the mixed crushed crushed due to a difference in specific gravity with respect to wind power, and the non-combustible garbage is sorted and collected. And a compression molding device for compressing the mixed refuse by a screw-type pressing device or a cylinder-type pressing device to form a solid fuel, thereby producing a solid fuel using waste. Further, in the present invention, immediately before the non-combustible refuse sorting and collecting apparatus according to the present invention, the mixed refuse crushing apparatus having a second rotary blade for crushing the mixed refuse by rotating the mixed refuse in the fourth casing is provided. It is a solid fuel production device using the waste provided.

Further, the present invention provides a waste disposal apparatus provided with a third rotary blade provided immediately before the fermentation apparatus and having a third rotary blade for crushing the garbage by rotating in a fifth casing. It is a solid fuel production device using a material. Further, the present invention is a solid fuel production apparatus using wastes, wherein a drying device for heating and drying the garbage by a burning burner is provided in the mixing device. further,
The present invention provides a method for disposing of heating the fermentation apparatus and / or the compression molding apparatus by supplying hot air and / or steam generated by the drying apparatus to the fermentation apparatus and / or the compression molding apparatus via a pipe. It is a solid fuel production device using a material. Further, the present invention provides a solid-state using waste material comprising one or more iron sorting and collecting devices upstream of the compression molding device for separating and collecting iron from the second dust and / or the mixed dust by the magnetic force of a magnet. It is a fuel production device. Further, the present invention is a solid fuel production apparatus using waste, provided with one or more deodorizing and exhausting devices for deodorizing and exhausting odors.

According to the present invention, a fermentation step of fermenting garbage containing organic waste by a fermentation action of a microorganism to remove water from the garbage, or including an organic waste in the first casing. While stirring the garbage, in order to reduce the water content of the garbage containing organic waste, to provide a fermentation device to ferment the garbage by the fermentation action of microorganisms and remove water from the garbage. It is economical to reduce or eliminate the use of petroleum and gas fuels.

Further, the present invention includes a mixed waste crushing step or a mixed waste crushing device for crushing the mixed waste immediately before the non-combustible waste sorting and collecting step, so that the mixed waste is sufficiently crushed, so that the mixed waste can be more smoothly crushed. Compression molding of mixed waste can be performed in the next step. Further, the present invention is a garbage crushing step of crushing the garbage immediately before the fermentation step,
Alternatively, a fifth case is provided immediately before the fermentation apparatus.
In order to provide a garbage crusher having a third rotary blade for crushing the garbage by rotating in a shingle, the garbage is crushed to promote the fermentation action in the next fermentation step or fermentation apparatus. I do.

Further, the present invention is a method in which a drying step by heating is simultaneously performed in the mixing step, or an apparatus in which a drying apparatus for heating and drying the garbage is provided in the mixing apparatus. Done. Further, the present invention provides a method of heating the fermentation step and / or the compression molding step by hot air and / or steam generated by the drying step, or hot air and / or steam generated by the drying device through a pipe. the fermentor and / or the compression molding apparatus for supplying a device for heating the fermenter and / or the compression molding apparatus, heating the fermentor and / or compression molding apparatus by effectively utilizing the residual heat To promote fermentation and drying. Furthermore, since the present invention is a solid fuel production method using waste to which slaked lime is added in the mixing step and / or the compression molding step, the garbage is kept alkaline in the mixing step, and the fermentation action is stopped. Maintain a stable state.

Further, the present invention provides a method comprising one or more steps of iron separation and collection for separating and collecting iron from the second refuse and / or the mixed refuse upstream of the compression molding step. Since it is an apparatus provided with an iron sorting and collecting device for sorting and collecting iron, iron can be collected and used effectively. Further, the present invention provides a method for producing a solid fuel using a waste provided with one or more deodorizing and exhausting steps for deodorizing and exhausting odors, or a deodorizing and exhausting apparatus for deodorizing and exhausting odors. Since the solid fuel production apparatus is provided in the above-described required apparatus, the environment is good and the operator does not feel uncomfortable.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on its embodiments with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a process chart of an embodiment of a solid fuel production method using wastes of the present invention. The garbage crushing step 1 is a step of crushing the garbage 3 immediately before the fermentation step 2. The fermentation step 2 is a step of removing water from the garbage 3 by fermenting the garbage 3 containing organic waste by a fermentation action of a microorganism. Next, the first iron sorting and collecting step 4 is a step of sorting and collecting iron 6 from the second refuse 5 composed of combustible refuse including waste plastic, used paper, used cloth, and incombustible refuse.
Next, the second refuse crushing step 7 is a step of crushing the second refuse 5 from which the iron 6 has been sorted and recovered.

Further, the mixing step 12 is based on the fermentation step 2.
Ri and garbage 3 which moisture is removed, the second dust crushing step 7
Mixed with the second refuse 5 crushed in
Is a step of forming Here, it is preferable to simultaneously perform the drying step 12a by heating in the mixing step 12. Further, it is preferable to add slaked lime 14 in the mixing step 12. Further, the mixing step 12
And a deodorizing exhaust step of deodorizing and exhausting the odor 15 by activated carbon, combustion, or the like. Next, the second iron sorting and collecting step 16 is a step of sorting and collecting the iron 17 from the mixed waste 13 again. Immediately after this second iron sorting and collecting step 16,
A mixed waste crushing step 18 for crushing the mixed waste 13 is provided.
It is. Next, the non-combustible waste sorting and collecting step 8 includes the crushed mixed waste.
Sort and collect non-combustible garbage 9 from garbage 13 and allow 3 with garbage
Step of selectively discharging mixed waste 13 consisting only of combustible waste
It is. Next, in the compression molding step 23 , garbage 3 and flammable
This is a step of pressing and compressing the mixed waste 13 consisting of only the waste to form a solid fuel 19. It is preferable to add slaked lime 22 to the mixed waste 13 in the compression molding step 23 . Further, in the compression molding step 23 , the odor 20
A deodorizing and exhausting step of deodorizing and exhausting. Further, it is preferable to heat the fermentation step 2 and / or the compression molding step 23 with the hot air and / or steam 21 generated in the drying step 12a.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a solid fuel producing apparatus using the waste according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is an embodiment of a solid fuel producing method using the waste according to the present invention shown in FIG. It is a device used for the form. The garbage crushing device 24 also shown in FIG. 3 is a device used in the garbage crushing step 1 immediately before the fermentation device 25, and is a third device that crushes the garbage 3 by rotating in the fifth casing 24a . Rotary blade
24b . The fermentation apparatus 25 is used in the fermentation process 2, and the fermented garbage 3 is fermented by microorganisms while stirring the crushed garbage 3 containing the organic waste in the first casing 28 with the stirring rod 29. This is a device for removing water from the garbage 3. The first iron sorting and collecting apparatus 30 also shown in FIG.
It is a device that sorts and collects iron 6 by the magnetic force of. The second refuse crusher 32 also shown in FIG.
This is a device having a first rotary blade 32b that crushes a second refuse 5 composed of combustible refuse including non-combustible refuse including waste plastic, used paper, and used cloth by rotating in the refuse 32a .

[0015] The mixing device 36 is provided with the
This is a device for forming a mixed waste 13 by stirring and mixing the waste 5 of No. 2 and the garbage 3 from which water has been removed in a third casing 37 with a stirring rod 38. The mixing device 36 is provided with a drying device 40 for heating and drying the garbage 3 by the burning burner 39. The hot air and / or steam 21 generated by the drying device 40 is
Via the fermentation device 25 and / or the compression molding device 4
3 to heat the fermentation device 25 and / or the compression molding device 43. The second iron sorting and collecting apparatus 44 has the same configuration as the first iron sorting and collecting apparatus 30 shown in FIG. 4, and is an apparatus for sorting and collecting the iron 17 from the mixed waste 13 by the magnetic force of the magnet 31. Furthermore, the mixed waste crushing shown in FIG.
The device 51 rotates within the fourth casing 51a.
Rotary blade 51 that crushes the mixed waste 13 by
b, immediately after the second iron sorting and collecting device 44
Provided. Incombustible waste sorting and collecting device 3 also shown in FIG.
3 is due to the specific gravity difference from the mixed waste 13 to the wind power 34
Non-combustible waste 9 is sorted and collected, and raw garbage 3 and combustible waste
This is a device for selectively discharging mixed refuse 13 consisting of refuse. The compression molding device 43 is a device that compresses and mixes the mixed waste 13 with a screw-type pressing device 45 to form the solid fuel 19.
It is rotated by a motor 47 via a speed reducer 48. S
Instead of the screw-type pressing device 45, a cylinder-type pressing device 46 shown in FIG. 6 may be used . The deodorizing exhaust device is a device for deodorizing the odors 15 and 20 by activated carbon, combustion or the like, and exhausting the deodorized gas by fans 49 and 50.

[0016]

According to the present invention, as described above, the fermentation step of fermenting garbage containing organic waste by fermentation by microorganisms to remove water from the garbage, or
To stir the garbage containing organic waste in the first casing and to ferment the garbage by fermentation action of microorganisms to remove water from the garbage by fermenting the garbage, the organic waste contains organic waste It is economical to reduce or eliminate the use of petroleum and gas fuels used to reduce the water content of garbage. In addition, the present onset
In light of this, since the mixed waste is sufficiently crushed, the compression molding of the mixed waste can be performed more smoothly in the next step. Furthermore, the present invention, by crushing the garbage, promotes the fermentation action in the next fermentation step or fermentation apparatus,
Drying is carried out efficiently, and the fermentation action and drying action can be promoted by effectively utilizing residual heat and heating. Further, the present invention provides
In the mixing process, the garbage is kept alkaline, the fermentation action is stopped, the stable state is maintained, iron can be recovered and used effectively, the surrounding environment is good, and the worker does not feel uncomfortable.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a process chart of an embodiment of a solid fuel production method using wastes of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of an embodiment of a solid fuel production apparatus using wastes of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a crusher constituting a solid fuel production apparatus using wastes of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of an iron separation and recovery device constituting the solid fuel production device using wastes of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of a non-combustible waste sorting / recovery device constituting a solid fuel production device using wastes of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of another embodiment of the compression molding device constituting the solid fuel production device using the waste of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

Reference Signs List 1 garbage crushing step 2 fermentation step 3 garbage 4 first iron sorting and collecting step 5 second garbage 6 iron 7 second garbage crushing step 8 noncombustible refuse sorting and collecting step 9 noncombustible refuse 12 mixing step 12a drying step 13 mixing Garbage 16 Second iron sorting / collecting step 17 Iron 23 compression molding step 14,22 Slaked lime 19 Solid fuel 18 Mixed waste crushing step 15 Fermenter 24 Garbage crushing apparatus 32 Second waste crushing apparatus 33 Non-combustible waste sorting / collecting apparatus 36 Mixing Apparatus 40
Drying device 43 Compression molding device 44 Second iron sorting and collecting device 51
Mixed waste crusher

Claims (15)

(57) [Claims] 1. A fermentation step of fermenting garbage containing organic waste by fermentation by a microorganism to remove water from the garbage, and comprising a combustible refuse including waste plastic, used paper, used cloth and non-combustible refuse. A second refuse crushing step of crushing a second refuse, the garbage from which the water has been removed and the crushed second refuse
A non-burnable refuse separating and collecting step of selectively collecting the non-burnable refuse from the mixed refuse, and selectively discharging the mixed refuse consisting only of the garbage and the combustible refuse. A compression molding step of pressing and compressing the mixed waste consisting of only the garbage and the combustible waste to form a solid fuel, the method comprising the steps of: 2. The solid fuel production method using waste according to claim 1, further comprising a mixed waste crushing step of crushing the mixed waste immediately before the non-combustible waste sorting and collecting step. 3. A process according to claim 1 or 2, waste solid fuel production method using the described with garbage crushing step of crushing the food waste immediately before the fermentation step. 4. A solid fuel production method using the waste as claimed in any of claims 1-3 to perform the drying step by heating in the mixing step at the same time. 5. The method for producing a solid fuel using wastes according to claim 4, wherein the fermentation step and / or the compression molding step are heated by hot air and / or steam generated in the drying step. Wherein said mixing step and / or solid fuel production method using the waste as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5, the addition of slaked lime in the compression molding step. 7. according to any one of the second dust and / or said iron from mixed waste sorting recovered to iron sorting recovery step from claim 1 comprising upstream than one step from said compression molding step 6 Solid fuel production method using waste. 8. A solid fuel production method using the waste according to any one of claims 1 to 7 having a deodorizing exhaust process in one step or more of the required step of deodorization odor exhaust. 9. A fermentation device for fermenting the garbage by fermentation by a microorganism and removing water from the garbage while stirring the garbage containing organic waste in the first casing; A second refuse crusher having a first rotary blade for crushing a second refuse made of combustible refuse including waste plastic, waste paper, used cloth and non-combustible refuse by rotating in a casing of the third refuse; A mixing device that forms mixed waste by stirring and mixing the raw waste and the second waste in a casing; and a non-burnable waste sorter that selectively collects the non-burnable waste from the mixed waste crushed by a specific gravity difference with respect to wind power. A collection device, and the mixed waste from which the incombustible waste is sorted and collected is pressed and compressed by a screw-type pressing device or a cylinder-type pressing device into a solid fuel. Solid fuel production apparatus using the waste, characterized in that it consists of a compression molding device for the mold. 10. The disposal according to claim 9 , further comprising a mixed waste crushing device having a second rotary blade for crushing the mixed waste by rotating in a fourth casing , immediately before the non-combustible waste sorting and collecting device. Solid fuel production equipment using materials. 11. The method according to claim 11, which is provided immediately before said fermentation apparatus ,
The solid fuel production apparatus using waste according to claim 9 or 10, further comprising a garbage crusher having a third rotary blade for crushing the garbage by rotating in the casing . 12. A mixing device, wherein a drying device for heating and drying the garbage by a burning burner is provided in the mixing device.
12. A solid fuel production apparatus using the waste according to any one of 9 to 11 . 13. The hot air and / or steam generated by the drying device is supplied to the fermentation device and / or the compression molding device via a pipe to heat the fermentation device and / or the compression molding device. Item 13. A solid fuel production apparatus using the waste according to Item 12 . 14. An apparatus according to claim 9 , wherein one or more iron separation and recovery devices for separating and recovering iron from said second waste and / or said mixed waste by a magnetic force of a magnet are provided upstream of said compression molding device. A solid fuel production apparatus using the waste described in Crab. 15. The solid fuel production system using waste according to claim 9 , wherein one or more of the required devices are provided with a deodorizing exhaust device for deodorizing and exhausting odors.