JP2819841B2 - Performance information generator - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a performance information generator for generating performance information such as MIDI information.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Recently, MIDs have been
A computer performance system that generates performance information such as I information and reproduces performance sounds based on the performance information has attracted attention as a new musical performance apparatus. In this type of computer performance system, a method for inputting data for generating performance information includes a real-time input method, a step input method, a numerical value input method, a score input method, and the like.

[0003] The real-time input method is a method of converting operation information of a performance operator, such as a keyboard, actually played by a player like a tape recorder into performance information in real time. The numerical value input method is a method in which performance information such as a pitch (pitch), a sound length, and the strength of a sound is directly input as numerical data from a computer keyboard. The score input method is a method in which simplified music symbols and the like are arranged in a score (5-line notation) on a display using a function key of a computer, a mouse, or the like. In the step input method, the musical score is input on a MIDI keyboard or software keyboard,
In this method, the length of a sound is input using a function key of a computer, a mouse, or the like.

[0004] Among the above-mentioned input methods, the real-time input method can store an actual performance operation state as performance information as it is, so that human nuances can be easily expressed and a short-time input is possible. It has the advantage that. However, this method requires the player to have a high level of musical instrument playing ability, and is not suitable for beginners. Therefore, as a performance information generator that allows beginners to easily input performance information in a short time by taking advantage of the real-time input method, a human voice or a musical instrument of a natural instrument is directly input via a microphone, and the input sound is input. In some cases, performance information is generated in response to a request. In other words, this is just to input the sound (single sound) of human voice and guitar etc. from the microphone,
A MIDI signal can be easily generated, and a MIDI device can be controlled without using a MIDI keyboard or the like.

[0005]

In a conventional performance information generator, the following MIDI information is generated in response to a change in pitch of a sound input from a microphone. That is, the first
The method detects a pitch change in semitone units and generates only note information of that pitch. The second method detects a pitch change in semitone units, and generates note information of the pitch and pitch bend information (pitch change information) relating to a pitch change therebetween. In the third method, the pitch change is generated as pitch bend information that changes in the range of one octave up and down. Also note information (note on or note off)
Is generated, the input sound level is compared with a predetermined reference value, and note-on is generated when the input sound level is higher than the reference value, and note-off is generated when the input sound level is lower than the reference value. .

However, in the case of detecting a pitch change in semitone units as in the first and second methods,
If the pitch of the input sound is slightly changed, there is a problem that many unintended note information (note on or note off) is generated. Further, when the pitch change is generated by the pitch bend information as in the third method, the pitch change can be faithfully followed by the pitch bend information, but is not suitable for purposes such as transcription. Further, when note information is generated according to the input level, there is a problem that a large number of unintended note information is generated according to the fluctuation of the level of the input sound.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and detects a change in pitch of an input sound from a microphone or the like, and
It is an object of the present invention to provide a performance information generating device capable of reliably generating note information for a pitch even when the pitch or level of an input sound slightly fluctuates.

[0008]

According to the present invention, there is provided a performance information generating apparatus comprising: a pitch detecting means for detecting a pitch of an input sound; a switch means for outputting an on / off signal;
Note information and note-on corresponding to the pitch detected by the pitch detection means in response to the ON signal from the switch means
Outputs information and responds to an off signal from the switch means.
And a note information output means for outputting the note information and the note-off information .

[0009]

[Operation] The pitch detecting means inputs the voice of the player himself or the sound of a guitar or the like as an input sound via a microphone or the like,
Alternatively, an audio signal from a CD player or the like is input, and the pitch of the input sound is detected and output. Therefore,
When the player arbitrarily emits a high voice, a low voice, a loud voice or a low voice, or plays a guitar or the like, the pitch detecting means outputs pitch data that changes according to the pitch of the input sound. . The switch means is arbitrarily operated and controlled by the player, and generates an ON signal / OFF signal in accordance with at least an ON / OFF operation.
The note information output means outputs note information corresponding to the pitch data of the voice emitted by the player or the musical instrument sound to be played in response to the ON signal and the OFF signal from the switch means, and responds to the ON signal from the switch means. In addition, note-on information is output together, and note-off information is also output in response to an off signal from the switch means. By this, note information and note-on information for the pitch can be reliably generated only by turning on the switch means, and when this is turned off, the note information and note-off information are output together. , Which note information has been turned off. Therefore, by generating the note information and the note off / off information in conjunction with the on / off operation of the switch means, not only the automatic formation and output of the note information based on the externally input sound signal, but also the corresponding note information. The formation and output of note-on information and note-off information can be performed at will by the player's switch operation, and the information for controlling the start and mute of sound can be formed together with one touch. It has the effect. According to the present invention,
The note information output by the note information output means.
And the pitch currently detected by the pitch detecting means.
Generates pitch bend information according to the difference between the pitch
Pitch bend information generating means may be provided.
No. As a result, note information and note-on information can be paired.
The pitch of the input sound is changed after
Corresponding to the changed pitch and the generated note information
Generates pitch bend information according to the difference between the pitch
And generate stable note information
Pitch Ben
Performance that can generate musical information and is rich in musical controllability.
Excellent performance information can be generated
It works.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the microphone 1 converts an audio signal or a musical instrument sound into a voltage signal and outputs the voltage signal to an analog-digital converter (ADC) 2. The analog-to-digital converter 2 converts an analog voltage signal from the microphone 1 into a digital signal and outputs the digital signal to the pitch detecting means 3.

The pitch detecting means 3 receives a digital signal from the ADC 2, for example, a digital signal obtained by sampling a player's own voice, detects pitch data of the voice, and outputs it to the current pitch register 4. The pitch detection means 3 includes an autocorrelation method, a zero crossing method, a fast Fourier transform method, and a linear prediction analysis method (Linear Pred
active Coding (LPC), Line Spectrum Pair Analysis (LSP)
P), composite sine wave model analysis method (Composite)
It is configured using a technology well-known in the field of sound / speech analysis, such as sinsoidal model (CSM).

The present pitch register 4 is provided with a pitch detecting means 3
Is temporarily stored and output to the note conversion means 6. The switch means 5 outputs an ON signal On and an OFF signal Off in accordance with a player's operation. here,
The on signal On is a note conversion request signal to the note conversion means 6, and the off signal Off is a note off output means 9
Is a note-off output request signal. The switch means 5 outputs at least a binary signal of ON / OFF by a player's operation, and is composed of, for example, a button switch, a tumbler switch (toggle switch) and the like.

The maximum pitch register 6 and the minimum pitch register 7 are set in accordance with the range of an instrument or a human voice input through the microphone 1, and the maximum pitch register 6 stores the maximum value of the range. , The minimum pitch register 7 stores the minimum value of the range, and is supplied to the note conversion means 8. The note conversion means 8 reads the pitch data currently stored in the pitch register 4 in response to the ON signal (note conversion request signal) On from the switch means 5, and determines the closest pitch (note number). Output to note-on output means 7. Further, adjustment is made in octave units so as to fall within the range of the pitch specified by the maximum pitch register 6 and the minimum pitch register 7, thereby suppressing octave errors due to harmonic components.

The note-on output means 9 includes a switch means 5
When the note converting means 8 determines the note number in accordance with the instruction of (1), the note-on information of the MIDI signal corresponding to the note number from the note converting means 8 is output to the MIDI merging means 12, and the note number is changed to the pitch. Output to register 10. The pitch register 10 temporarily stores the note number from the note-on output means 9 and outputs the note number to the note-off output means 11.

The note-off output means 11 is a switch means 5
The note-off information of the MIDI signal corresponding to the note number stored in the tone pitch register 10 is output to the MIDI merging means 12 in response to the off signal (note-off output request signal) Off from the CPU. The MIDI merging unit 12 merges the MIDI signals from the note-on output unit 9 and the note-off output unit 11 and outputs the merged MIDI signal to a subsequent MIDI signal processing unit.

According to the above-described embodiment, since the player himself can designate the time points of note-on and note-off, the performance information can be reliably detected from the input sound. The note length information is output from a timer (not shown) for measuring the time from note-on to note-off to the MIDI merging means.

Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the performance information generating means according to the present invention. 2, the same components as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted. This embodiment differs from the embodiment of FIG. 1 in that a pitch bend data generator 13 and a pitch bend sensitivity designator 14 are provided.

The pitch bend data generating means 13 calculates the pitch (note number of the pitch register 10) currently output from the note-on output means 9 and the pitch currently being detected (pitch data of the current pitch register 4). The difference is obtained and output to the MIDI merging means 12 as pitch bend data. When the difference changes to a range that cannot be followed by the pitch bend data, an error signal E is output to the note-off output means 11. The note-off output unit 11 that has received the error signal outputs a note-off to the MIDI merge unit 12. The pitch bend sensitivity designating means 14 designates the correspondence between the pitch bend data and the cent value in the pitch bend data generating means 13 (cent value / pitch bend data), and can be arbitrarily set by a player using an operator or the like. I have.

According to this embodiment, pitch bend data can be output as performance information indicating a change in pitch after the note-on output time specified by the player himself, and the switch means 5 is operated to turn off the key. , The output of the pitch bend data can be stopped at an arbitrary point in time. By outputting the key-on again, the pitch bend data based on the new pitch can be output.

In the above embodiment, key-on and key-off are described as note information. However, velocity information or expression information may also be detected in synchronization with an ON signal from the switch means. As for the expression information, the magnitude of the volume after the ON signal of the switch means may be output as in the case of pitch bend data.

The switch means may be of a ternary signal output type for outputting an intermediate value in addition to the on / off signal. This type of switch can output the ON signal continuously, so if the ON signal is output continuously, key-off and key-on are output simultaneously, and if the OFF signal is output after the ON signal, the key-off is output. Should be output.

[0022]

According to the present invention, even when the pitch or level of an input sound from a microphone or the like is slightly fluctuated, note information for the pitch can be reliably generated only by operating the switch means . Switch means
Note information and note-off on / off linked to on / off operation
Generates sound information, which can be applied to an externally input sound signal.
Automatic generation and output of note information based on
Note-on information and note-off information paired with note information
Formation and output by the player's switch operation
To start and mute the sound
Excellent effect that information can be formed together with one touch
Play a fruit.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing one embodiment of a performance information generating device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of the performance information generating apparatus according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 microphone, 2 analog-digital converter, 3 pitch detecting means, 4 current pitch register, 5 switch means, 6 maximum pitch register, 7 minimum pitch register, 8
... Note conversion means, 9 ... Note on output means, 10 ... Pitch register, 11 ... Note off output means, 12 ... MID
I-merge means, 13 ... pitch bend data generating means, 1
4: Pitch bend sensitivity designating means

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A pitch detecting means for detecting a pitch of an input sound, a switch means for outputting an on / off signal, and a note corresponding to the pitch detected by the pitch detecting means in response to an on signal from the switch means. And a note information output means for outputting note information and note-on information and outputting the note information and note-off information in response to an off signal from the switch means. 2. A pitch bend information generating means for generating pitch bend information corresponding to a difference between a pitch corresponding to the note information output by the note information output means and a pitch currently detected by the pitch detection means. The performance information generator according to claim 1, further comprising: