JP2899222B2 - Agricultural and seedling supply equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for feeding seedlings which is transported and supplied in a different direction for its treatment.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The present inventors have proposed a feeding device which turns a seedling in two directions without successively transferring and transferring the seedling without changing it, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. Hei 6-13139. I have.

This device is a turning device for continuously turning a separated seedling in a standing state to a horizontal state, and the turning device is composed of a pair of belts, and the pair of belts are placed between the contact surfaces thereof. The pair of belts are bent in two directions, a horizontal direction and a vertical direction, to turn the seedlings sideways.

[0004] A pair of belts of this diverting device are each stretched between a pair of pulleys, and guide rails are provided on both running side surfaces of the pair of belts, and a large number of pins projecting from both running side surfaces are provided on the pair of belts. , And the pair of belts are kept bent by the pins running into the grooves of the guide rails and running. Also, a pair of belts receive the seedlings separated in a vertical state by a pair of separation rollers,
The sheet is transported sandwiched between the contact surfaces. In addition, since it is constituted by a belt, a pulley, and a guide rail, it is suitable as a supply device for seedlings to which soil and the like often adhere.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The prior art 2
A belt that is bent in the direction is stretched across a pair of pulleys, and the bending is maintained by a guide rail.
Due to the sliding resistance between the belt and the guide rail, the belt could not be rotated by the pulley unless the tension of the belt was increased.

That is, since the bending of the belt is maintained by the guide rail, the belt travels at the bent portion in strong contact with the guide rail, and the sliding resistance increases as the bending of the belt increases. In addition, the pair of belts convey the seedlings between the contact surfaces, but the clamping force is that the belts are maintained on the guide rails and do not escape. The sliding resistance of the belt increases as the number of seedlings that run in contact and sandwich the belt increases.

On the other hand, since the pulley rotates the belt by frictional resistance with the belt, in order to overcome the sliding resistance and rotate the belt, the tension of the belt is increased and the friction with the pulley is increased. You have to increase your power. However, if the tension of the belt is increased, the sliding resistance between the belt and the guide rail at the bent portion of the belt increases, and if the tension is reduced, the belt cannot be rotated. There were many.

Accordingly, the present invention is to continuously turn the direction of seedlings with a pair of bent belts, to rotate the belts reliably even when the tension is reduced, and to reduce wear of the belts and guide rails. Small
Not intended to provide a seedling supply device.

[0009]

According to the present invention, there is provided a feeder for feeding seedlings, which feeds separated seedlings 91 continuously, that is, by turning the seedlings 91 without transferring them and without changing them.
In the supply apparatus 20 comprises a pair of belts 21, 22 seedlings
The belt 21 is bent in a predetermined direction to change the direction ,
22 slides along guide rails 31, 32, 33, 34
The predetermined bending state is maintained, and the pair of belts 21 and 22 sandwich the seedling 91 between the contact surfaces thereof, and the driving pulleys of the belts 21 and 22
Auxiliary rollers 27 and 28 are provided on the outer periphery of 23 and 24, and belts 21 and 22 are sandwiched and rotated by drive pulleys 23 and 24 and auxiliary rollers 27 and 28.

[0010]

[Operation] In the present invention, the driving pulleys of the belts 21 and 22 are used.
23 and 24 the outer periphery to an auxiliary roller 27 and 28, since rotating the drive pulley 23, 24 and the auxiliary rollers 27 and 28 at pinch the belt 21, also to reduce the tension belt 21, 22
And the driving pulleys 23 and 24 come into strong contact with each other and the frictional force therebetween increases, and the rotation of the driving pulleys 23 and 24 causes the belts 21 and 22 to rotate.
Rotates reliably.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

[0012] As seedlings, seedlings 91 of transplant cultivation are shown.
The seedlings 91 include bare seedlings whose roots are exposed and soil seedlings whose roots are covered with cultivated soil, and include those related to directional seedlings that require a direction changing process.

As the separated seedling 91, a paper tube seedling whose root is covered with cultivation by a paper tube seedling raising container is shown. This paper tube nursery container is formed by gluing a large number of paper tubes of a hexagonal column, which are open at the top and bottom, when opened, with glue. When the seedlings are sown by cultivating the seedlings in the paper cylinder and seeding, the seedlings grow into a paper cylinder seedling group 90, and are connected to the individual seedlings 91 in a separable and orderly manner while maintaining appropriate connection strength at the time of transplantation.

As a matter of course, the seedling 91 grows with the leaf part upward and the root part downward, and is similarly planted when planting in the main field. Therefore, it is necessary to treat the seedlings 91 without losing their direction even in the transplantation in which the seedlings 91 are planted in the main field.

[0015] The separated individual paper tube seedlings are wrapped with cultivated soil in the paper cylinder, but when they are handed over and replaced, the cultivated soil comes off and causes root damage, or the removed soil becomes a belt. It is difficult to handle for the treatment due to adhesion.

Next, a transplanter equipped with a supply device 20 for continuously turning and transporting the separated seedlings 91 in two directions will be described.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a machine frame. The machine frame 1 has a substantially rectangular frame shape in plan view, and is attached to a tractor (not shown) to be towed and travel. An upper frame 2 is provided above the machine frame 1, a seedling mounting table 3 is provided above the upper frame 2, and a separating device 10 is mounted on the upper frame 2 below the seedling mounting table 3.
Is provided. Grounding wheels 4 are provided below and to the right and left of the machine frame 1, and the grounding wheels 4 are in contact with the field surface E and rotate as the machine frame 1 advances to supply power to the device. A seedling sorting and aligning device 60 is provided between the machine frame 1 and the upper frame 2, and the seedling sorting and aligning device 60 is supported by a seedling sorting and aligning device frame 61. 70 is provided.

The feeding device 20 is provided between the separating device 10 and the seedling sorting and aligning device 60, and continuously turns the seedlings 91 separated in a vertical state by the separating device 10 in a horizontal state. Lateral transport belts 62 and 63 of the seedling sorting and aligning device 60 are provided in a horizontal direction from the end, and the lateral transport belts 62 and 63 transport the laterally oriented seedlings 91.

The supply device 20 is provided with a pair of belts 21 and 22. The pair of belts 21 and 22 are made of soft rubber, and are arranged at equal intervals on both ends in the width direction of the surfaces of the pair of belts 21 and 22. A large number of elastic projections 21a and 22a
The seedlings 21 and 22 are provided between the contact surfaces by elastic projections 21a and 22a.
And convey it across the middle of the paper cylinder.

The belts 21 and 22 are provided with a number of elongated steel pins 21b and 22b arranged in parallel at equal intervals. Pin 21
The tips of b and 22b protrude from both side surfaces of the belts 21 and 22 in the running direction, and the center is embedded in the rubber of the belts 21 and 22. The belts 21 and 22 each have a canvas core only in the center in the width direction and do not extend in the circumferential direction, but can be easily bent in the width direction together with the pins 21b and 22b.

The pair of belts 21 and 22 are provided with a seedling sorting and aligning device frame.
Drive pulleys 23 and 24 projecting upward from 61 and the pulleys projecting rearward in the traveling direction of the transplanter from seedling sorting and aligning device frame 61, and drive pulleys 23 and 24 rotate in opposite directions. Thus, the contact surfaces are rotated in opposite directions so as to proceed in the same direction.

The pair of belts 21 and 22 extend from the separating device 10 in the horizontal outward direction perpendicular to the traveling direction of the transplanter, and bend rearward in the horizontal direction to move the seedlings 91 rearward while standing upright. The seedlings 91 are bent vertically downward to turn the seedlings 91 sideways, and the lower end extending further downward is the transport end. That is, the pair of belts 21 and 22 are bent at every 90 degrees in two directions, that is, a substantially horizontal direction which is a rotation surface direction and a substantially vertical direction which is a direction orthogonal to the rotation surface.

On both running side surfaces of the pair of belts 21, 22, guide rails 31, 32, 33,
34, and belts 21, 22 of guide rails 31, 32, 33, 34
On the side facing the, the pins 21 along the running direction of the belts 21 and 22
Grooves slightly wider than b and 22b are carved. Then, the pins 21b and 22b are fitted into the grooves and slide and run, and the predetermined bent state of the belts 21 and 22 is maintained.

Drive pulleys 23, 24 for a pair of belts 21, 22
Drive pulleys 23 and 24
Auxiliary roller shafts 25 and 26 are provided in parallel with. The auxiliary rollers 27 and 28 are fitted into the auxiliary roller shafts 25 and 26 in the outer peripheral direction of the drive pulleys 23 and 24. The auxiliary rollers 27 and 28 rotate freely, and the width thereof is made smaller than that between the elastic projections 21a and 22a at both ends in the width direction of the belts 21 and 22.

The auxiliary rollers 27 and 28 are formed by a pair of belts 21 and 22.
Contact the center in the width direction without the elastic protrusions 21a and 22a of
It rotates by the rotation of 21,22. The auxiliary roller shafts 25 and 26 can adjust the position of the drive pulleys 23 and 24 in the outer peripheral direction, and can adjust the pressure at which the auxiliary rollers 27 and 28 contact the belts 21 and 22. Then, drive pulleys 23 and 24 and auxiliary roller 2
The widthwise central portions of the pair of belts 21 and 22 are sandwiched between the belts 7 and 28, and the drive pulleys 23 and 24 rotate to rotate with sufficient frictional force.

The belts 21, 22 are provided inside the bent portions in the substantially horizontal direction, which are the bent portions of the pair of belts 21, 22 in the rotation plane direction.
Guide rollers 36, 38, 40 for guiding the

At the bent portion of the pair of belts 21 and 22 in the horizontal direction, at the center position of the bent arc of the belt 21 traveling inside,
A guide roller shaft 35 is provided. A freely rotating guide roller 36 is fitted into the guide roller shaft 35. Guide roller
The width of the belt 36 is smaller than that between the elastic projections 21a at both ends in the width direction of the belt 21, and the guide roller 36 is in contact with the center in the width direction of the surface of the belt 21 on the bending center side where there is no elastic projection 21a.
Rotate by turning around. When the guide roller 36 comes into contact, the belt 21 is pushed outward by bending, and the pin 21b does not strongly contact the groove of the guide rails 31, 32.

A plurality of guide roller shafts 37 are provided at the center positions equidistant from the reciprocating bending arc of the belt 21 traveling inside at the bent portions of the pair of belts 21 and 22 in the horizontal direction. Guide rollers 38, which rotate freely, are fitted into the guide roller shafts 37, respectively. The diameter of the guide roller 38 is made equal to the distance of the reciprocating bent arc of the belt 21, and the guide roller 38 contacts the back surface of the belt 21 on the outer side of the bend and rotates as the belt 21 rotates. When the guide roller 38 contacts, the belt
21 is pushed outward from the bend, and pin 21b is
Do not strongly contact grooves 1 and 32.

A plurality of guide roller shafts 39 are provided at the center positions equidistant from the reciprocating bending arc of the belt 22 running outside at the bent portions of the pair of belts 21 and 22 in the horizontal direction. Guide rollers 40 that freely rotate are fitted into the guide roller shafts 39. The diameter of the guide roller 40 is made equal to the distance of the reciprocating bent arc of the belt 22, and the guide roller 40 contacts the back surface of the belt 22 on the outer side of the bend and rotates as the belt 22 rotates. The belt is brought into contact with the guide roller 40
22 is pushed outward from the bend, and pin 22b is
Do not strongly contact grooves 3 and 34.

The separating device 10 includes a pair of rails on the upper frame 2.
11, a seedling supply frame 12 reciprocating in the longitudinal direction on the rail 11, a seedling supply belt 13 provided on the seedling supply frame 12, and a pair of separation shafts 14 projecting upward from the seedling selection and alignment device frame 61. , And a pair of separation rollers 15 which are fitted into the upper part of the pair of separation shafts 14 in three stages of upper, middle, and lower.

The seedling supply belt 13 intermittently rotates in the direction of the separation roller 15 by one row of the paper tube seedling group 90 at the reciprocating end of the seedling supply frame 12, and is inclined low toward the separation roller 15. I have. The pair of separation rollers 15 has a supply device facing each other.
The pair of belts 21 and 22 of the supply device 20 start from between the upper and lower rollers 15 thereof. Then, the speed of the seedlings 91 fed from the pair of separation rollers 15 is substantially equal to the conveying speed of the seedlings 91 of the pair of belts 21 and 22.

The paper tube seedling group 90 is placed on the seedling supply belt 13 in a vertical state, and moves together with the reciprocating movement of the seedling supply frame 12.
The seedlings 91 are successively separated by individually contacting the pair of separating rollers 15, and the separated seedlings 91 are sandwiched between the pair of separating rollers 15, are fed out in an upright state, and delivered to the supply device 20. It is. When all the rows of the paper cylinder seedling group 90 have been separated, the seedling supply belt 13 rotates intermittently, and separation of a new seedling row is started.

The pair of belts 21 and 22 of the supply device 20 receive the seedlings 91 separated in a vertical state by the pair of separation rollers 15 and transport the seedlings 91 between the contact surfaces of the pair of belts 21 and 22. At this time, the diameter of the pair of separation rollers 15 is set to be two to three times the diameter of the paper cylinder of the seedling 91. However, if the diameter of the pair of separation rollers 15 is further increased, the separated seedling 91 becomes
It becomes difficult to be caught by the pair of separation rollers 15 on the 90 side, and it is impossible to normally feed out. Since the diameter of the separation roller 15 is small, the pair of belts 21 and 22 receive the seedling 91 after the pair of separation rollers 15 no longer sandwich the seedling 91.

A belt 50 for receiving the bottom of the seedling 91 is provided below the seedling transfer section from the pair of separation rollers 15 to the pair of belts 21 and 22.

A pair of separation rollers 15 and a pair of belts 21
A pair of belt frames 51 long in the transport direction of the seedlings 91 are provided below the pair 22, and a pulley shaft 52 is fitted between the belt 21 and the end of the pair of belt frames 51 on the side of the belt 21, 22. The pulley shaft 53 is fitted between the ends on the separation roller 15 side. The belt 50 is suspended between the pulley shaft 52 and the pulley shaft 53, and the belt 50 rotates as the pulley shaft 52 rotates.

The reciprocating direction of the belt 50 is such that the upper surface thereof is the same as the conveying direction of the seedlings 91 of the pair of belts 21 and 22, and the speed thereof is also the same. The position of the upper surface of the belt 50 is determined by the seedlings transported by the pair of separation rollers 15 and the pair of belts 21 and 22.
It is located in contact with the bottom of the seedling 91 and receives the bottom of the seedling 91 in the seedling transfer section.

Lateral conveying belts 62 and 63 as seedling sorting and aligning devices 60 are provided in a row in a horizontal direction from below the conveying end of the pair of belts 21 and 22. The horizontal transport belts 62 and 63 are wound around a pulley shaft provided from the seedling sorting and aligning device frame 61, and transport the laterally oriented seedlings 91 delivered from the transport end of the supply device 20 thereon.

In the seedling sorting and aligning apparatus 60, the seedlings 91 having no leaves are removed, and the rows of seedlings 91 with irregular intervals are once closely aligned. After a predetermined interval, the seedlings 91 are planted. To the attachment device 70.

The planting device 70 is composed of a pair of elastic disks, and the seedlings passed from the seedling sorting and aligning device 60 in a horizontal state.
91 is planted on the field surface E in a vertical state.

Next, the operation of the supply device will be described.

The seedlings 91 fed out in a vertical state by the pair of separation rollers 15 are transferred to the pair of belts 21 and 22 after the pair of separation rollers 15 no longer hold the seedlings 91, but are transferred. By the belt 50 receiving the bottom of the seedling 91 provided below the section, the seedling 91 is reliably transferred to the pair of belts 21 and 22 without falling.

The seedlings 91 transferred to the pair of belts 21 and 22 are conveyed while being turned by the middle part of the paper cylinder sandwiched between the elastic projections 21a and 22a between the contact surfaces, and the seedlings 91 are successively and continuously. To the sideways state.

The pins 21b and 22b of the pair of belts 21 and 22 are fitted in the grooves of the guide rails 31, 32, 33 and 34, and slide and travel to maintain the bent traveling state. The belts 21 and 22 are sandwiched and rotated by the rollers 27 and 28. At this time, the tension is reduced by the auxiliary rollers 27 and 28.
Even if the belts 21 and 22 come into strong contact with the driving pulleys 23 and 24, the frictional force between them increases, and the pair of belts 21 and 22 overcome the sliding resistance, and the rotation of the driving pulleys 23 and 24 Since the belts 21 and 22 rotate, the seedlings 91 are reliably turned and conveyed.

In a bent portion in a substantially horizontal direction, which is a bending of the pair of belts 21 and 22 in the direction of the rotation surface, the belts 21 and 22
Guide rollers for guiding the belts 21, 22 inside the 22 bends
According to 36, 38 and 40, the belts 21 and 22 are
Maintained on guide rollers 36, 38, 40 instead of 2, 33, 34.

The seedling 91 sandwiched between the pair of belts 21 and 22 is continuously conveyed and turned while sandwiching the intermediate portion thereof without being gripped from the start end to the end, and is turned when it is turned. Is not changed, so that the posture of the seedling 91 is not disturbed or the seedling is not damaged.

The seedling that has reached the transport end of the pair of belts 21 and 22
The 91 is released from being held by the elastic projections 21a and 22a, and is transferred to and conveyed to the horizontal conveying belts 62 and 63.

In the above embodiment, an example in which the pair of belts 21 and 22 are rotated by the drive pulleys 23 and 24 on one side and the auxiliary rollers 27 and 28 has been described. However, the drive pulley and the auxiliary roller are combined into one belt. It may be provided at a plurality of locations.

[0048]

According to the present invention, an auxiliary roller provided on the outer periphery of the drive pulley of the belt, the drive pulley and the auxiliary low
Even if the tension is reduced by the auxiliary roller , the belt and the drive pulley come into strong contact and the frictional force between them increases, overcoming the resistance of the belt to slide and run. Since the belt is rotated by the rotation of the pulley, the seedling is reliably turned and conveyed. Also the belt
Belt and guide rail wear
Can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing one embodiment of a transplanter equipped with a seedling supply device.

FIG. 2 is a front view thereof.

FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged rear view showing a main part thereof.

FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged plan view showing a main part thereof.

FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 3;

6 is a view as viewed in the direction of the arrow A in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 6 with a part cut away.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 6 with a part cut away.

[Explanation of symbols]

 20 Feeder 21, 22 Belt 23, 24 Drive pulley 27, 28 Auxiliary roller 31, 32, 33, 34 Guide rail 91 Seedling

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A feed device for conveying the separated seedling is continuously turning, the feed device is bent in a predetermined direction to change the orientation of the seedlings a pair of belts, the belt
Sliding along the guide rail, the specified bending state is maintained.
A pair of belts hold a seedling between their contact surfaces, provide an auxiliary roller around the driving pulley of the belt, and pinch the belt between the driving pulley and the auxiliary roller to rotate the seedling supply device. .