JP2849228B2 - Architectural panel, wooden building comprising the architectural panel, and construction method thereof - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a wooden building, a construction method of the wooden building, and a building panel used as a roof panel, a wall panel and a floor panel of the wooden building.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In general, roofs, walls, and floors of wooden houses and the like are obtained by hitting a base material on each of a hut frame, a wall frame, and a floor frame, and mounting various finishing materials thereon. It consists of. Also, often in the attic,
The inside of the wall and under the floor are filled with a heat insulating material to enhance a heat insulating effect and a cooling / heating effect.

[0003]

[0005] However, it is necessary to go through a number of operations before completion, and all the operations are performed one by one on site, so that much time and effort is required. However, there is a problem that the construction period cannot be prolonged.

[0004] Further, if the ventilation in the attic or wall is not sufficient, there is another problem that the structural material is corroded due to dew condensation or stuffiness. In addition, there has been a problem that a gap is formed in each joint due to drying shrinkage of the wood with the passage of many years, and the heat insulation, airtightness, and sound insulation, which were initially complete, are significantly reduced. Furthermore, in most cases, an important difference as a structural material is attached to the wall frame, and this difference may hinder a plan, facility work, and heat insulation filling work.

The present invention has been proposed in order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and enables simplification and elimination of on-site construction and shortening of a construction period, and also has durability, functionality, and heat insulation. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a wooden building capable of maintaining and improving airtightness, a construction method of the wooden building, and a building panel used as a roof panel, a wall panel, and a floor panel of the wooden building. It is assumed that.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems To solve the above problems, a wooden building according to the present invention and a building panel used for the wooden building are configured as follows.

[0007] A building panel used as a roof panel comprises a rectangular frame-shaped rafter frame which can be erected on a hut frame by connecting a plurality of rafters with a plurality of connecting members. A heat insulating material is mounted on the frame, a field board is mounted on the heat insulating material, and a plurality of ventilation passages are provided between the heat insulating material and the field board. Further, a heat insulating material may be attached between the rafters of the rafter frame.

[0008] The building panel used as a roof panel constitutes a rectangular frame-shaped rafter frame which can be erected on a hut shaft set by connecting a plurality of rafters with a plurality of connecting members. By attaching a heat insulating material between the rafters of the rafter frame, mounting a field board on the rafter frame and the heat insulating material, and providing a plurality of ventilation passages between the rafter frame and the heat insulating material and the field board It is configured.

The architectural panel used as the wall panel forms a rectangular frame-shaped stud frame which can be fitted between the columns and beams of the wall frame by connecting a plurality of studs with a plurality of connecting members. A reinforcing plate and a heat insulating material covering the side portions of the pillars and the beams are attached to the exterior of the stud frame, and the heat insulating material is attached to the exterior of the stud frame. Are provided continuously in the vertical direction. Here, "cover the side parts of columns and beams"
May be some or all of them. In some cases,
Make sure that the entire surface is covered with the auxiliary material.

The architectural panel used as the wall panel has a rectangular frame-shaped stud frame which can be fitted between the columns and beams of the wall frame by connecting a plurality of studs with a plurality of connecting members. A reinforcing plate and a heat insulating material covering the side portions of the pillars and the beams are attached to the outside of the stud frame, and the reinforcing plate is attached to the outside of the stud, and a plurality of ventilation shell edges or ventilation grooves are provided on the reinforcing plate. It is configured by being provided continuously in the vertical direction.

[0011] In some cases, a building panel used as a wall panel is provided with a heat insulating material between studs of a stud frame.

The wall panel used as the wall panel forms a rectangular frame-shaped stud frame which can be fitted between the columns and beams of the wall frame by connecting a plurality of studs with a plurality of connecting members. A reinforcing plate for covering the side portions of the pillars and the beams on the outdoor side of the stud frame, and a heat insulating material attached between the studs, and a plurality of ventilation shells or ventilation grooves on the outdoor side of the reinforcing plate. It is constituted by being provided continuously in the direction.

[0013] The wooden structure according to the present invention constitutes a hut frame, a wall framing and a floor framing of a wooden building, and a building panel used as a roof panel is attached to the hut framing. Or, it is constructed by attaching a building panel used as a wall panel to a wall frame, and the construction method is to first construct a hut frame, a wall frame and a floor frame of a wooden building, and then Attach a building panel used as a roof panel to the shed framing and / or attach a building panel used as a wall panel to the wall framing.

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawings.

FIGS. 1 and 2 show a building panel (hereinafter simply referred to as a roof panel) used as a roof panel according to the present invention. In the drawings, reference numeral A denotes a roof panel, and 1 denotes a rafter frame. 2 is a heat insulating material, 3 is a ventilation shell,
4 is a field board and reference numeral 5 is wide.

The rafter frame 1 is assembled in a rectangular frame shape by integrally connecting a plurality of rafters 1a, 1a arranged at a constant pitch by connecting members 1b, 1b at both upper and lower ends thereof. The diameter, pitch and number of the rafters 1a, 1a in such a case are appropriately determined according to the weight of the roofing material described later. When the rafter frame 1 is large, the strength is increased by appropriately connecting not only both end portions but also an intermediate portion with the connecting member 1b.

Extruded polyethylene foam is used for the heat insulating material 2.
Extruded foam polystyrene, polyurethane foam board, in-mold molded polystyrene foam board and other plate-like materials, glass wool, rock wool and other fibrous materials, and polyurethane foam and urea foam and other spray insulation materials are used. I have.

A film (not shown) such as a polyethylene film is attached to one or both side surfaces of the heat insulating material 2 in order to improve airtightness and waterproofness.

The ventilation rim 3 is, as a rule, a rafter of the rafter frame 1.
1a is attached along the slope direction of the roof at a position corresponding to 1a, and is integrally nailed to each rafter 1a. However, it is not always necessary to correspond to the rafter 1a, and an adhesive material is provided on the heat insulating material 2. By installing by means of such a method, the installation interval of the ventilation trunk 3 can be determined regardless of the installation interval of the rafters 1a.

Structural plywood is used for the base plate 4 and is nailed to the ventilation rims 3,3. Therefore, a plurality of ventilation passages 6 are formed between the heat insulating material 2 and the base plate 4 continuously in the gradient direction of the roof. The effective height of the ventilation passage 6 is preferably 18 m / m or more for efficiency.

The structure of the ventilation passage 6 does not necessarily have to be as described above. Instead of providing the ventilation rim 3, instead of the base plate 4 and the heat insulating material 2 or one or both of the roofing materials, opposing side surfaces. Alternatively, it is also possible to form a plurality of ventilation grooves 6a continuously in the gradient direction of the roof (see FIG. 16).

The roof panel A configured as described above is configured as large as possible within a handleable range so that a wide roof can be configured with a small number of sheets.

Further, the panels are joined together on a purlin or a beam 7 so as to prevent deformation and twisting of the panels and maintain the airtightness of the panel joint, and the connecting members 1b, 1b of the rafter frame 1 are joined together. And the rafters 1a, 1a at the left and right ends are integrally joined in the direction of the slope of the roof and in the width direction by nailing.

Each roof panel A is fixed to a main house or beam 7 of a hut by nailing rafter supports 9, 9 attached to the lower side of the rafter frame 1 to the main house or beam 7.

Then, a waterproof material 10 such as felt is laid on the base plate 4, and a roofing material such as a tile is placed on the waterproof material 10.
11 is attached (see Figs. 7 and 8).

In order to enhance the heat insulating effect and the cooling / heating effect, the heat insulating material 8 may be filled between the rafters 1a of the rafter frame 1 as needed.

Further, a heat insulating material 8 is provided between the rafters 1a, 1a of the rafter frame 1.
And the heat insulating material 8 is also used as the heat insulating material 2, whereby the heat insulating material 2 can be omitted, and as a result, the thickness of the roof panel A can be greatly reduced. In such a case, the ventilation passage is formed between the rafter frame and the heat insulating material and the base plate (not shown).

FIGS. 3 and 4 show a building panel (hereinafter simply referred to as a wall panel) used as a wall panel. In the drawings, reference numeral B denotes a wall panel, numeral 12 denotes a stud frame,
13 is a reinforcing plate, 14 is a heat insulating material, 15 is a ventilation rim, 16 is a reinforcing beam,
And number 17 is a reinforcement pier.

The stud frame 12 comprises a plurality of studs 12a, 12a at its upper and lower ends and at an intermediate portion, a plurality of connecting members 12b, 12b.
To form a rectangular frame.

As the reinforcing plate 13, a structural plywood having substantially the same size as the stud frame 12 is used, and is integrally nailed outside the stud frame 12 so as to cover substantially the entire surface of the stud frame 12. The reinforcing plate 13 functions in the same manner as the bracing.

The heat insulating material 14 is formed in the same size as the stud frame 12 similarly to the reinforcing plate 13, and is attached to the outdoor side of the reinforcing plate 13. The heat insulating material 14 is the heat insulating material 2 of the roof panel A.
The exact same is used.

The ventilation rim 15 is vertically attached to a position corresponding to each of the studs 12a, 12a of the stud frame 12, and is nailed to each of the studs 12a. Therefore, by attaching the outer wall finishing material 18 to the front portion of the ventilation trunk 15, a plurality of ventilation passages 6 are formed vertically between the heat insulating material 14 and the outer wall finishing material 18.

As in the case of the roof panel, the structure of the ventilation passage 6 does not necessarily have to be the above-described structure, and instead of providing the ventilation shell 15, one of the heat insulating material 14 or the outer wall finishing material 18 or A method in which a plurality of ventilation grooves 6a are continuously formed in the vertical direction on both side portions is also possible (see FIG. 16). In addition, the effective height of the ventilation passage 6 is preferably 18 m / m or more as in the case of the roof panel in terms of efficiency.

The reinforcing beams 16 are attached mainly for the purpose of increasing the rigidity of the wall panel B and preventing twisting and deformation, and are appropriately added according to the size and installation location of the panel. The reinforcing pier 17 is attached to the lowermost part of the wall frame and attached to the wall panel, and is mainly attached to protect the small portion of the heat insulating material 14 and improve the connection with the foundation (see FIG. 9).

Further, similarly to the roof panel A, the space between the studs 12a, 12a of the stud frame 12 may be filled with a heat insulating material 8 as necessary (see FIG. 4).

Further, by filling the heat insulating material 8 between the studs 12a, 12a of the stud frame 12, and using the heat insulating material 8 also as the heat insulating material 14, the heat insulating material 14 can be omitted. The thickness of the panel B can be significantly reduced. In such a case, the ventilation passage is configured between the outer wall finishing material and the reinforcing plate (not shown).

Further, it is also possible to adopt a structure in which the positions of the reinforcing plate 13 and the heat insulating material 14 are reversed, that is, the reinforcing plate is attached to the outdoor side of the heat insulating material 14. In such a case, the ventilation passage is formed between the reinforcing plate and the outer wall finishing material (not shown).

The wall panel B thus configured is configured as large as possible within a handleable range so that a wide wall surface can be configured with a small number of sheets, similarly to the roof panel A.

Further, the stud frame 12 is fitted inside the base 19, the pillar 20 and the beam 21 of the shaft assembly, and the upper and lower connecting members 12b, 12b
And the studs 12a, 12a on the left and right ends
It is fixed by nailing inside 21. Furthermore, by attaching and nailing the upper and lower ends of the reinforcing plate 13 to the side surfaces of the base 19 and the beams 21, the airtightness of the panel end is maintained high (see FIGS. 9 and 10).

FIGS. 5 and 6 show architectural panels (hereinafter simply referred to as floor panels) used as floor panels. In the figures, reference numeral C denotes a floor panel, 22 denotes a joist frame, and 23 denotes a heat insulating material. , And reference numeral 24 is a floor plate.

The joist frame 22 is constructed by mounting a plurality of joists 22b, 22b at predetermined intervals in a rectangular frame 22a. The diameter, pitch and number of the joists 22b in such a case are appropriately determined in consideration of the floor load and the like.

The same heat insulating material as that of the roof panel A and the wall panel B is used. Also floorboard
24 has the same function as the fired base, and the joist frame 22
Structural plywood of approximately the same size as is used, and is integrally nailed to the joist frame 22.

The floor panel C constructed as described above is fitted into the base or the inside of the large-scale pull 19 and the inside of the base or the large-size pull 19 is fixed in advance by a joist receiver.
26, 26, and are fixed by nailing the joist frame 22 to the base or the puller 19 as necessary (FIG. 11).
reference).

In the structure of the roof, the wall and the floor, when it is desired to further improve the airtightness of the panel joint, a joint member 25 made of a pier or a synthetic rubber is interposed at the joint between the panels. It is assumed that the gap between the joints is completely closed by such means (see FIGS. 12, 13, 14, and 15).

In the case of the floor panel as well as the roof panel A and the wall panel B, the heat insulating material 8 may be filled between the joists 22b, 22b of the joist frame 22.

Next, the construction method will be described. First, each frame of a hut, a wall, and a floor is constructed by a conventional construction method. Subsequently, a roof panel A, a wall panel B, and / or a floor panel C are attached to each of the frames (see FIG. 14). In addition, the construction order of each shaft assembly and the installation order of the roof panel A, the wall panel B, and the floor panel C are not particularly limited.

Further, only the roof panel A or the wall panel B
Alternatively, it is possible to adopt a method in which only the floor panel C is constructed in accordance with the present invention at the site for other parts as in the past. However, in order to better achieve the object of the present invention, it is preferable to use the panel group of the present invention for all parts.

[0048]

Since the present invention has the above configuration, it has the following effects.

A roof, wall and floor frame are constructed by a conventional frame construction method, and necessary materials such as a structural material, a heat insulating material, and a base material are previously prepared in a factory or the like for a roof panel and a wall panel. Roofs, walls and floors are constructed by attaching each building panel that is constructed integrally with the building, so that multiple operations can be performed simultaneously and workability is extremely good, simplifying and simplifying on-site construction. The construction period can be significantly reduced.

Further, since the frame structure is used instead of the wall structure, the plan is flexible, and a large window can be easily provided.

[0051] In the wall portion, by fitting and fixing the wall panel between the upper and lower horizontal members such as the base and the beam and the left and right columns, all the portions of the wall can be made to be load-bearing walls. Horizontal stiffness can be significantly increased.

Further, since the reinforcing plate functions as a brace,
No bracing is required, so by increasing the spacing of the studs, a simple storage section can be provided in the wall, and the space in the wall can be used effectively, Cable installation can also be easily performed.

Each panel such as a roof panel can be manufactured in advance in a factory or the like, so that product accuracy is high, and mass production can be performed and production cost can be reduced by mass production. Also, it is not always necessary to manufacture it at the factory,
Although the accuracy of the product is reduced to some extent, it is also possible to carry in and produce necessary materials at the site.

When the heat insulating material of each panel is so-called “external”, it is possible to prevent heat loss from frame members such as columns and beams, and to maximize the indoor heat insulating effect and the cooling / heating effect. Can be.

In addition, since the roof panel and the wall panel are provided with the ventilation passage, the ventilation in the roof and the wall is always possible, so that the occurrence of the dew condensation, the corrosion of the structural members in the panel due to the dew condensation and the stuffiness are prevented. Can be prevented.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a roof panel.

FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of a roof panel.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a wall root panel.

FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of a wall panel.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a floor panel.

FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of a floor panel.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing a structure of a roof of a wooden building.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure of a roof of a wooden building.

FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a structure of a wall of a wooden building.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a wall of a wooden building.

FIG. 11 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a structure of a floor portion of a wooden building.

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure of a panel joint.

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure of a panel joint.

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure of a panel joint.

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure of a panel joint.

FIG. 16 is a partial sectional view of a roof panel and a wall panel.

FIG. 17 is a sectional view of a wooden building according to the present invention.

[Description of sign]

A: roof panel, B: wall panel, C: floor panel, 1 ... rafter frame, 1a ... rafter, 1b ... joining material, 2 ... heat insulating material, 3 ... ventilation frame, 4 ... field board, 5 ... wide 6 ... ventilation passage, 7 ... purlin or beam, 8 ... heat insulation, 9 ... rafter, 10 ... waterproofing, 11 ... roofing, 12 ... stud frame, 12a ... stud, 12b ...
Connecting member, 13: Reinforcement plate, 14: Heat insulation material, 15: Ventilation rim, 16
... reinforcement beam, 17 ... reinforcement, 18 ... outer wall finishing material, 19 ... base,
20 ... pillar, 21 ... beam, 22 ... joist frame, 22a ... rectangular frame, 22b ...
Joists, 23: thermal insulation, 24: floor boards, 25: joint members, 26: joists.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References Japanese Utility Model Showa 64-37806 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model Showa 3-8211 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model Showa 49-43385 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model Showa 54- 60909 (JP, U) Shokai 63-198712 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) E04B 1/80 E04B 2/56-2/70 E04B 7/02- 7/02 521

Claims (8)

(57) [Claims] A plurality of rafters connected by a plurality of connecting members to form a rectangular frame-shaped rafter frame which can be erected on a hut shaft set; and a heat insulating material is mounted on the rafter frame. An architectural panel comprising: a field board mounted on the heat insulating material; and a plurality of ventilation passages provided between the heat insulating material and the field board. 2. The building panel according to claim 1, wherein a heat insulating material is attached between the rafters of the rafter frame. 3. A rafter in the form of a rectangular frame that can be erected on a hut frame by connecting a plurality of rafters with a plurality of connecting members, and a heat insulating material is attached between the rafters of the rafter frame. , Mounting a field board on the rafter frame and the heat insulating material, and,
An architectural panel comprising a plurality of ventilation passages provided between the rafter frame and the heat insulating material and a base plate. 4. A plurality of studs are connected by a plurality of connecting members to form a rectangular frame-shaped stud frame which can be fitted between the pillars and beams of the wall frame, and the pillar is provided outside the stud frame outside. And a reinforcing plate and a heat insulating material that cover the side surface of the beam, the heat insulating material is attached to the outdoor side, and a plurality of ventilation shells or ventilation grooves are continuously provided in the vertical direction on the outdoor side of the heat insulating material. A building panel characterized by becoming. 5. A plurality of studs are connected by a plurality of connecting members to form a rectangular frame-shaped stud frame which can be fitted between the pillars and beams of the wall frame assembly, and the pillar is provided on the outdoor side of the stud frame. And a reinforcing plate and a heat insulating material covering the side surface of the beam are attached with the reinforcing plate facing the outside of the room, and a plurality of ventilation shell edges or ventilation grooves are continuously provided in the reinforcement plate in the vertical direction. Features architectural panels. 6. The building panel according to claim 4, wherein a heat insulating material is attached between the studs of the stud frame. 7. A hut frame, a wall frame and a floor frame of a wooden building are constructed, and the building panel according to claim 1, 2 or 3 is attached to said hut frame. A wooden building, wherein the building panel according to claim 4, 5, or 6 is attached to a wall frame set. 8. A hut frame, a wall frame, and a floor frame of a wooden building, wherein the hut frame is attached to the hut frame.
The building panel according to paragraph 2 or 3, and / or
Or the claim 4, 5 or 6 in the wall shaft set.
A construction method of a wooden building, wherein each of the building panels described in the section is attached.