JP2781842B2 - Hoisting / traction machine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a hoisting and towing machine, and more particularly to a towing machine for preventing a collapse of a load by tightening a rope for tightening a load loaded on a freight vehicle or a cargo ship. The present invention relates to a lever-type hoisting / traction machine mainly used as a hoisting machine or a hoist for unloading and unloading.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a lever type hoisting / traction machine used as described above, for example, one disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open Publication No. 63-60575 is known. This conventional winding
The traction machine forms a block-shaped main body A having a chain conduction path B and a load sheave accommodating space G continuous with the chain conduction path B, as shown in FIGS.
Load sheave D in the load sheave accommodating space G of the main body A
Are rotatably mounted via bearing portions C and C, and the load sheave D is disposed outside one side of the load sheave D in the axial direction.
A ratchet wheel R having a diameter larger than the diameter of the ratchet wheel R is integrally formed, and a handle fitting body E having a hexagonal outer surface is integrally formed on the outer side of the ratchet wheel R in the axial direction. One side in the thickness direction is recessed, and a cover K is formed to fill the recess J. Support holes L, L opening on the upper surface of the main body A are formed in the recess J and the cover K. In the support hole L, the mounting shaft portion f of the hook F having the mounting shaft portion f is rotatably supported, and on both sides in the width direction at the upper portion of the main body A,
Mounting shafts M, M for mounting the cover body K to the main body A and nuts (not shown) screwed to the mounting shafts M are provided, and one of the mounting shafts M is provided with the ratchet wheel R Is provided with a reverse rotation preventing claw T that meshes with.
15 and 16, H is the handle fitting body E.
And a handle made of an eyeglass wrench or the like, which is detachably fitted to and controls the driving rotation of the load sheave D.

[0003]

However, in the above hoisting and towing machine, a cover body K for hook attachment is provided separately from the main body A, and a support hole for the cover body K and the main body A is provided. Since the mounting shaft portion f of the hook F is supported by the portion L, a cover body K is required, and the cover body K is provided on both sides of the support hole L with the mounting shafts M, M and Since it is necessary to provide a nut and to attach both sides in the width direction, the number of parts increases, the work of supporting the hook F becomes complicated, and there is a problem that the cost increases, and the head of the mounting shaft M and the nut In order to reduce the amount of protrusion from the body A and the cover body K, it is necessary to reduce the thickness of the portion corresponding to the head and the nut of the body A and the cover body K, resulting in a decrease in strength. There is a defect.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to enable a hook to be supported on a main body with a simple structure, and to reduce the strength of the main body and to project a hook supporting member outward with respect to the main body. The point is that the hook can be easily supported without the need.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, there is provided a hoisting and towing machine according to the present invention, wherein a ratchet wheel is provided, a load sheave on which a load chain is hung, a main body having a space for accommodating the load sheave, and the main body. A winding provided with a reverse rotation preventing claw that is supported by a claw shaft and meshes with the ratchet wheel, a hook that is attached to the main body through a mounting shaft portion, and a retaining body for each of the claw shaft and the mounting shaft portion. In the upper / towing machine, the main body is continuous with one end of the shaft hole for the claw shaft and the shaft hole for the mounting shaft portion, which are provided at an appropriate distance from the housing space. And a recess for receiving the retaining body.

[0006]

[Function] A shaft hole for mounting a claw shaft and a shaft hole for mounting a hook,
Since the claw shaft and the hook attachment shaft portion each have a recessed portion for receiving the retaining body, only the main body is provided, so that the attachment strength of the claw shaft and the hook to the main body can be increased. Furthermore, since the stoppers of the claw shaft and the hook mounting shaft to be attached to the main body are arranged in the respective recesses, the main body is strongly grasped with one hand without biting into the palm of the hand grasped by each stopper. Can be used.

Further, the claw shaft and the hook can be supported without reducing the strength of the main body by a simple structure in which the retaining body is formed separately, and the end of the mounting shaft portion facing the shaft hole. Since the hook can be supported by connecting the retaining member to the portion, the supporting operation can be performed very easily, and the cost can be reduced together with the simplification of the supporting structure.

[0008]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The embodiment shown in the figure is a small lever-type hoisting and traction machine having a rated load of 150 kg, for example, having a vertical length of 68 mm, a horizontal width of 42 mm and a thickness of 20 mm. A main body 1 that is small and made of a rectangular cube and can be gripped with one hand as shown in FIG. 12 is incorporated with a load sheave 2 described later and a handle 3 for driving and rotating the load sheave 2. You do it.

The main body 1 is formed mainly by die casting using an aluminum alloy.
0, a downwardly open chain conduction path forming section 6 forming chain conduction paths 4 and 5, and the chain conduction path forming section 6
And a load sheave accommodating space 7 penetrating in the thickness direction of the main body 1 and a fitting for fitting a chain bar 8 described later on an inner surface of an intermediate portion of the chain conduction path forming portion 6. A mating groove 9 is provided, and a pair of chain conducting paths 4 and 5 are formed by fitting the chain hole 8 into the fitting groove 9. The fitting groove 9 is open at the lower side, and ends at the upper side before the load sheave accommodating space 7. Near the end of the fitting groove 9, there is an insertion hole 10 for a fixing split pin P for fixing the chain key 8. Is provided. As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the chain conduction path forming portion 6 and the load sheave accommodating space 7 are slightly outwardly in the width direction from the link wire diameter of the chain C that allows conduction of the link. It has a wide link conducting groove 6a, and a cross-shaped regulating hole can be formed at the introduction port side of the chain conducting paths 4, 5 by fitting the chain hole 8 into the fitting groove 9. I have.

In addition, above the accommodating space 7 in the main body, and just above the chain conducting path 4 in which the load-side chain C moves among the chain conducting paths 4 and 5, the accommodating space 7 is a partition wall. Shaft hole 16 for the claw shaft isolated through 11
Is provided in the lateral direction in a penetrating manner, and further, on one side in the width direction with respect to the shaft hole 16, a shaft hole extending vertically and penetrating the mounting shaft portion 12b of the hook 12 (hereinafter referred to as a through vertical hole 13b). Is provided between the vertical through-hole 13b and the housing space 7, and a rectangular recessed portion (hereinafter referred to as a through-hole 13) which is continuous with one end of the vertical through-hole 13b and which is recessed in the thickness direction (lateral direction). ) Is provided around the shaft hole 16 on the back surface of the main body 1, that is, around the shaft hole 16 on the back surface when the support side of the reverse rotation preventing claw 14 is set to the front. Body 1 consisting of a nut screwed into the threaded part
A large-diameter concave portion 17 for receiving 5d is formed in accordance with the height of the retaining body 15d. In addition, in the said penetration part 13,
A retaining body 31 described later is inserted, and the retaining body 31 comes into contact with the upper wall 13a between the through portion 13 and the upper end surface,
The mounting shaft portion 12b is prevented from coming out of the through vertical hole 13b. On the front of the main body 1, an arc-shaped guard wall 19 which is slightly higher than the supporting height of the ratchet wheel 18 and covers the outer periphery thereof is provided around the ratchet wheel 18 to be described later in a protruding manner. A pair of land-like guard walls, which are higher than the support thickness of the reverse rotation preventing claw 14 and guard the reverse rotation preventing claw 14 and the claw shaft 15 outward, are provided at the corners of the main body 1 that supports the reverse rotation preventing claw 14. 20 are protruding.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 11, the load sheave 2 is provided with a chain engaging groove 2a at an intermediate portion in the axial direction, and has a shaft hole 21 provided on both sides of the load sheave accommodating space 7 on both sides thereof. Is provided with a pair of shaft portions 2b supported by
A ratchet wheel 18 having a diameter larger than that of the load sheave 2 is integrally formed outside one shaft portion 2b, and a non-circular outer peripheral surface such as a hexagon is formed outside the ratchet wheel 18. Handle fitting part 22 having
A handle shaft portion 24 is formed integrally with a free rotating portion 23 having a circular outer peripheral surface, which is located outside the handle fitting portion 22 and has a circular outer peripheral surface that allows free rotation of the handle 3 described later. It is. The handle 3 is made of a plate material having a thickness of, for example, about 4 to 5 mm, and has a tip portion fitted with the handle fitting portion 22 to enable co-rotation, such as a hexagonal shape. The grip portion has a non-circular fitting hole 3a, and the grip portion is formed with a coating layer 3b made of, for example, a vinyl resin coating to improve the grip feeling. The handle 3 is provided with the fitting hole 3a in the handle shaft portion 2.
4 and is held movably on the shaft portion 24 over the handle fitting portion 22 and the free rotating portion 23.

That is, an inner screw 24a is provided on the shaft end side of the handle shaft portion 24, and the fitting hole 3a is formed at the shaft end of the handle shaft portion 24 by a set screw 26 screwed to the inner screw 24a. A large diameter retaining washer 27 is fixed to hold the handle 3. The handle 3 is located between the ratchet wheel 18 and the handle 3.
Of the coil 28 for biasing the free rotating portion 23 toward the free rotating portion 23 is interposed. In this case, an annular receiving groove 2 for receiving the inside of the spring 28 in the longitudinal direction is formed on the axially outer surface of the ratchet wheel 18.
9 is preferably provided. By doing so, the fitting position when fitting the handle 3 to the handle fitting portion 22 against the spring 28 can be brought closer to the ratchet wheel 18, and the axial length of the spring 28 can be set accordingly. The length of the load sheave 2 in the axial direction, that is, the length in the axial direction including the handle shaft portion 24 can be reduced while the length can be reduced, and the size can be reduced more effectively.

The drive unit 50 is constituted by the load sheave 2, the ratchet wheel 18, the handle shaft 24, and the handle 3 held by the handle shaft 24.
The load sheave 2 is connected to the load sheave accommodating space 7.
By inserting the shaft portions 2b and 2b into shaft holes 21 provided on both sides of the load sheave accommodating space 7,
It is rotatably supported by the main body 1 and, in this state, by fitting the chain bar 8 into the chain conduction path forming portion 6, as shown in FIG. It is done. That is, the drive unit 50 is driven by the protrusion of the chain winding prevention piece 8c protruding from the chain bar 8 into the load sheave accommodating space 7.
Is held in the main body 1 so as not to fall out.

The chain burr 8 is provided with fitting ridges 8b to be fitted in the fitting grooves 9, and provided on both sides in the width direction outside the chain conduction path forming portion 6 in the width direction as described above. Link conduction groove 8 facing the link conduction path 6a
a to form a cross-shaped regulating hole together with the link conducting groove 6 a of the main body 1. 8c, and a through hole 8d for the fixed split pin P is provided inside the protrusion 8c.

Therefore, the load sheave 2 in the drive unit 50 is inserted into the load sheave accommodating space 7,
Further, the chain hole 8 is fitted into the chain conduction path forming portion 6 and fixed with the fixing split pin P, so that the winding preventing piece 8a of the chain hole 8 protrudes into the housing space 7 and the load is prevented. The chain is engaged with the chain engaging groove 2a of the sheave 2, and by this engagement and the conduction of the chain C from one of the chain conduction paths 4 and 5 to the other, in the axial direction of the load sheave 2. Is prevented from moving, and the drive unit can be held by the main body 1 without detaching from the main body 1. On the other hand, the claw shaft 15 supporting the reverse rotation preventing claw 14 includes a head portion 15a, a large-diameter shaft portion 15b, and a small-diameter screw shaft portion 15c as shown by a chain line in FIG. And the pawl spring 3 for engaging the pawl 14 with the teeth of the ratchet wheel 18.
0, is inserted into the shaft hole 16 of the main body 1, and is attached to the main body 1 by tightening a retaining member 15d formed of a nut into the small-diameter threaded portion 15c. The claw spring 30
Is composed of a coil spring, one of its spring feet is locked to the reverse rotation preventing claw 14, and the other of the spring feet is engaged between a pair of land-like guard walls 20 provided on the front of the main body 1. Also, the reverse rotation preventing claw 14 is
Claw body 14a meshing with the teeth of the ratchet wheel 18
And an operating portion 14b for disengaging the engagement of the claw body 14a with the tooth portion. The operation of the operation portion 14b enables the claw body 14a always meshing with the tooth portion to be disengaged, Lowering or towing release can be performed from the state of hoisting or towing operation.

The hook 12 shown in FIGS.
Comprises a hook body 12a having a hook portion, and a mounting shaft portion 12b extending from a base of the hook body 12a in a direction opposite to the hook portion, and a protrusion 12c of the mounting shaft portion 12b into the through portion 13. The mounting shaft portion 12b is inserted from the outside of the upper wall 13a of the main body 1 into the through vertical hole 13b as shown in FIGS. The piercing shaft portion 12c is made to protrude into the penetrating portion 13, and the male screw of the piercing shaft portion 12c is provided with a stopper nut 31 made of a circular nut having a pin hole.
Is inserted into the through portion 13 and screwed, and at a predetermined screwing position, the split pin 32 is inserted and fixed in the pin hole of the retaining body 31 and the protruding shaft portion 12c, thereby being rotatable on the upper wall 13a. I support it.

The pushing shaft 12c of the retaining body 31
For example, the retaining body 31 is incorporated into the through portion 13, and the retaining body 31 is sandwiched with one finger from, for example, both open ports of the through portion 13, or inserted into the through portion 13. The mounting shaft 12b is inserted into the through vertical hole 13b while being held by a jig having an engaging portion to be engaged, and the hook 12 is easily screwed by rotating the hook 12 with the other hand holding the hook body 12a. Therefore, the hook 12 can be easily supported on the main body 1. Also,
A through-hole 13 is formed in an upper wall 13a of the through portion 13 provided in the main body 1.
b, the hook 12 is supported on the upper wall 13a, so that the strength of the main body 1 is not reduced. Further, the insertion portion 13b is provided on the upper wall 13a, and the retaining member 31 is provided on the through portion 13. The hook 12 can be supported without projecting the retaining body 31 outward from the main body 1.

Next, the operation of the embodiment configured as described above will be described. The drive unit 50 and the chain bar 8 are assembled into the main body 1 as described above, and the reverse rotation preventing claws 14 and the hooks 12 are assembled as described above. For example, lower hook 3
The chain C having the 3 is made conductive, and is used for a loading operation, a lifting operation and a lowering operation of a load.

Thus, for example, in the case of using for loading cargo loaded on a lorry, the lower hook 33 of the chain C is hooked directly or indirectly on the hook provided on the lorry and locked. Also, the hook 12 is hooked on the tip of a tightening member such as a rope or a belt laid around the luggage, and the reverse rotation preventing claw 14 is firstly disengaged, and the no-load side of the chain C is pulled. After a predetermined tension is applied to the loading member, the handle 3 is rotated while the detachment operation of the reverse rotation preventing claw 14 is released.

At this time, since the main body 1 has a size that can be gripped by one hand as described above, and has no protrusion on the back side, the main body 1 has a flat shape as shown in FIG. The main body 1 can be easily gripped, and the handle 3 can be operated after being gripped in this manner. Therefore, the rotation operation of the handle 3 can be performed easily, stably and effectively. Is provided with a guard wall 19 around the ratchet wheel 18,
The guard wall 2 is also provided at the corner of the mounting portion of the reverse rotation preventing claw 14 on the side of the mounting portion.
0, the finger holding the main body 1 touches the teeth of the ratchet wheel 18 or touches the operating portion 14b of the reverse rotation preventing claw 14 so that the ratchet wheel 18 and the reverse rotation preventing claw 14 Operation is adversely affected,
It doesn't hurt your fingers.

Further, since the handle 3 is movably held between the handle fitting portion 22 of the handle shaft portion 24 and the free rotating portion 23, the handle 3
The rotation of the load sheave 2 can be driven and rotated by the angular rotation of the drive sheave 2, and since the handle fitting portion 22 and the free rotation portion 23 are provided continuously, the driving rotation operation of the load sheave 2 and The return operation of the handle 3 can be easily and continuously performed. In addition, since the handle 3 is biased toward the free rotation portion 23 by the spring 28, the above-described angular rotation operation can be performed more easily and It can be done quickly.

Further, after the load is tightened by the above-mentioned tightening operation of the load tightening member by the handle 3, the tightening can be released by releasing the reverse rotation preventing claw 14.
That is, the load sheave 2 is brought into a free state by releasing the reverse rotation preventing claw 14, so that the load can be easily released and the main body 1 has the guard wall 1.
Since the finger 9 is provided, the finger does not touch the ratchet wheel 18 when the reverse rotation preventing claw 14 is disengaged, so that the traction release operation can be performed safely. When the tow is released, the handle 3 is located at the free rotating portion 23. Therefore, even if the load sheave 2 rotates in the reverse direction, the handle 3 does not rotate. If the release needs to be performed gradually, The handle 3 is fitted to the handle fitting portion 22, the handle 3 is gripped, and braking is applied to the reverse rotation of the load sheave 2.
By using the claw operation of the reverse rotation prevention claw 14 and the handle operation together, it is possible to gradually release the tightened state.

In the above-described embodiment, a retaining body 31 composed of a nut is screwed into the protruding shaft portion 12c of the hook 12, and the retaining body 31 is prevented from being loosened by the split pin 32. A lock nut may be used to prevent the retaining body 31 from loosening, or the retaining body 31 may be configured as a nut and screwed to the shaft portion 12c. A stopper is formed, a small-diameter shaft portion is provided on the shaft portion 12c via a step portion, and a screw hole is provided. A bolt with a head is screwed into the screw hole, and the bolt is tightened to prevent the removal. The body may be fixed to the shaft portion 12c, or may be fixed by screwing a nut or a double nut to the outer periphery of the shaft portion 12c instead of the bolt.

Although the load sheave 2 and the ratchet wheel 18 and the handle shaft 24 are formed integrally, they may be formed as separate members and connected integrally. Further, the chain bar 8 is formed as a separate member from the main body 1 and fitted into the chain conduction path forming unit 6, but may be formed integrally in advance. In this case, the load sheave accommodating space 7 is made non-projecting without the chain winding prevention piece 8c, and the load sheave is held by conduction of the chain to the chain conduction path.

The handle 3 may be axially movable with respect to the handle shaft 24, may be fixed to the handle shaft 24, or may be fixed to the handle shaft 24.
It may be supported so that only rotation is possible via a two-way rotation transmission mechanism. The handle 3 has a body shape, but a base portion provided with the fitting hole 3a and a grip portion are divided,
It may be detachably connected.

[0026]

According to the hoisting and traction machine according to the present invention, the shaft hole for attaching the claw shaft and the shaft hole for attaching the hook, and the concave portion for receiving the stopper for each of the claw shaft and the hook attaching shaft are provided. Is provided only on the main body, the mounting strength of the claw shaft and the hook to the main body can be increased, and the durability can be improved. Furthermore, since the stoppers of the claw shaft and the hook mounting shaft to be attached to the main body are arranged in the respective recesses, the main body is strongly grasped with one hand without biting into the palm of the hand grasped by each stopper. Can be used.

[0027]

[0028]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing one embodiment of a hoisting and towing machine of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a front view of only the main body.

FIG. 6 is a rear view of only the main body.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line CC in FIG. 5;

FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line DD in FIG. 5;

FIG. 9 is a bottom view of only the main body.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along line CC in FIG. 7;

FIG. 11 is a central sectional view of only a drive unit.

FIG. 12 is a front view of only a chain key.

FIG. 13 is a bottom view of only the chain key.

FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an operation state in which a handle is operated while gripping a main body.

FIG. 15 is a longitudinal sectional front view showing a conventional example.

FIG. 16 is a vertical sectional side view showing a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Main body 2 Load sheave 4, 5 Chain conduction path 7 Load sheave accommodating space 12 Hook 12b Mounting shaft part 12c Rush shaft part 13 Penetration part 13a Upper wall 13b Penetration vertical hole 14 Reverse prevention claw 15d Locking member 18 Ratchet wheel 31 Locking member

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A load sheave provided with a ratchet wheel, on which a load chain is hung, a main body having a space for accommodating the load sheave, and supported by the main body via a claw shaft to mesh with the ratchet wheel. In a hoisting and towing machine including a reverse rotation preventing claw, a hook attached to the main body via a mounting shaft portion, and a retaining body of each of the claw shaft and the mounting shaft portion, the main body is appropriately connected to the housing space. A shaft hole for the claw shaft and a shaft hole for the mounting shaft portion, which are provided at an interval, and a recessed portion which is continuous with one end of the shaft hole and receives each of the retaining members, is provided. Hoisting and towing machine.