JP2741133B2 - Power monitoring recorder - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention records a load current, a leakage current, and a line voltage waveform by electric power used through a distribution board in a short time, and outputs an effective value based on the waveform for a long time. The present invention relates to a power supply monitoring recorder for analyzing and judging the cause of the supply stop (that is, power outage) of the electric power used, and for notifying the judgment result.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, power has been used via a distribution board regardless of the demand for electric lights or electric power for business use.
As shown in FIG. 9, for example, a distribution board 1 used in a general home includes overload breakers (current limiters, wiring breakers) 2,
3 and an earth leakage breaker 4 are provided.

If the power used exceeds the permissible range of the current limiter 2 and each wiring breaker 3, the relay of each of the current limiter 2 and each wiring breaker 3 is activated, or a short circuit occurs. Occurs, the relay of the earth leakage breaker 4 operates.

[0004] Therefore, even if an over-rating or leakage occurs, the supply of electric power is immediately stopped. For example, it is possible to prevent a fire or the like from occurring, and the safety is extremely high.

By the way, in order to stop the supply of the power used through the distribution board 1, that is, to know the cause of the power failure, it is necessary to constantly measure the AC current and AC voltage waveform of the power. A meter or a waveform recorder may be used.

[0006]

However, in the above-described measurement, for example, a short-time waveform recording by the distribution board 1 and a long-term effective value recording cannot be performed at the same time. It requires a device for recording and a device for long-term waveform recording.It also requires a number of devices depending on the items to be investigated, such as load current, leakage current, and line voltage. Must be placed as one external device.

As shown in the waveform diagram of the AC voltage and the AC current in FIG. 10, at the time of the power failure, the waveforms of the AC voltage and the AC current (shown in FIGS. A and b) until the power failure are measured. Although it is possible, it is difficult to determine from the measured waveform whether the cause of the power failure is due to overload, earth leakage, phase loss, etc. There is a problem that cannot be analyzed. FIG. 10A shows the AC voltage waveform, and FIG.
Is an AC current waveform.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in consideration of the above problems, and has as its object to determine the connection state of a voltage probe connected to an object to be measured before the measurement of the object to be measured. Determines the reverse connection of the probe, knows the single-phase three-wire system and single-phase two-wire system of the distribution board, enables more accurate measurement of the power used, and causes and analyzes the power outage. It is an object of the present invention to provide a power supply monitoring recorder capable of ensuring the following.

[0009]

In order to achieve the above object, a power supply monitoring recorder according to the present invention includes a plurality of current clamps for detecting a load current and a leakage current, and at least one voltage probe for detecting a line voltage. An input unit for inputting the detected current and voltage for each channel (channel) and digitally converting the input current and voltage at a predetermined sampling period, and a waveform data digitally converted by the input unit for each channel. A waveform capturing unit that captures the waveform data of the detected voltage waveform only during a preset period, and detects an amplitude width of the voltage waveform based on the captured waveform data; Probe connection detecting means (CPU) for detecting the connection state of the voltage probe by comparing the voltage with a predetermined value. Waveform data recording means for recording the acquired waveform data of each channel and recording at least a predetermined number of waveforms in a ring system, and calculating an effective value based on the acquired waveform data to obtain effective value data A computing means (CPU), an effective value data recording unit for recording the computed effective value data, and monitoring of the commercial power supply by comparing at least one of the elements of the commercial power supply to be used with a reference value. A power supply monitoring unit, fetching the waveform data of each of the channels into the waveform data recording unit, and detecting a connection state of the voltage probe prior to calculating an effective value based on the waveform data; Is measured, and when the supply of the same power is stopped, the waveform data for one waveform up to the stop of the power supply is read out from the waveform data recording unit and the same waveform is read. Control means (CPU) for calculating an effective value by the data, comparing each effective value with a preset rated value, detecting and displaying an abnormal channel, and judging and notifying the cause of the power stop. Have.

Further, according to the power supply monitoring recorder of the present invention, when at least two voltage probes are connected based on the connection result by the probe connection detection means, the power supply monitoring recorder basically uses a waveform of a voltage detected by one of the voltage probes. Trigger on the waveform data of the basic voltage waveform at the zero crossing of the rising edge of the same voltage waveform.
While taking in the waveform data of two cycles, the waveform data of the other voltage waveform is taken in at least one-fourth cycle of the same voltage waveform, and the voltage data detected by the voltage probe is interpolated based on the acquired waveform data. To detect and display the reverse connection of the same voltage probe.

[0011]

With the above arrangement, the measurement of the power to be used is started after the voltage probe is connected to the object to be measured (the line voltage measuring point). The connection is detected by the probe connection state detecting means.

In this case, the predetermined period (one cycle of the input waveform; 20 ms for 50 Hz, 60 ms for 60 Hz)
If the value based on the waveform data taken in only 17 ms in the case of Hz is larger than a predetermined value (noise component maximum allowable value),
Since the voltage detected by the voltage probe is regarded as the line voltage and the connection of the voltage probe is determined to be normal, the line voltage can be accurately detected by the voltage probe.

If the value of the waveform data taken only during the preset period is smaller than a predetermined value (the maximum allowable noise component value), the voltage detected by the voltage probe is regarded as the noise and the voltage probe detects the noise. Since it is determined that the connection is not established, the connection of the same voltage probe is confirmed again, whereby a connection error can be eliminated, and the line voltage can be accurately detected by the same voltage probe.

Thereafter, the waveform data recording section records the waveform data of the detected voltage by the voltage probe of each channel and the detected current by the current clamp. This waveform data is recorded in a ring manner in a short time. On the other hand, the effective value data obtained based on the waveform data is recorded in the effective value data recording unit for a long time.

With this, the used power is measured, and when the used power is stopped, data of a predetermined number of waveforms until the power failure is reliably recorded in the waveform data recording unit. The cause of the power failure can be analyzed, but the connection error of the voltage probe is eliminated, so that the above measurement, the cause of the power failure, and the analysis are more accurate.

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A power supply monitoring recorder according to the present invention records, for example, waveform data of load current, leakage current and line voltage in a distribution panel in a ring type in a short time for each channel. The effective value data calculated for a long time based on the waveform data is recorded.

The above-mentioned waveform data is always recorded by a predetermined number of waveform data (eg, 16 waveforms at 50 Hz, 60H
In the case of z, 19.2 waveforms) are recorded, and the recording of the effective value data is performed, for example, for about two weeks so that the status of the power consumption can be observed.

Since the current clamp for detecting the load current and the leakage current and the voltage probe for detecting the line voltage are provided in the distribution board, the connection state of the voltage probe is not known from the outside.

Therefore, when capturing the waveform data and calculating the effective value based on the captured waveform data, it is necessary to check whether the probe for detecting the voltage is securely connected, and to prevent the connection error, once. The measurement operation must be performed. On the other hand, when determining the waveform of the input waveform, it is necessary to know the phase chuck of the input waveform of each channel and the wiring method (single-phase three-wire system, single-phase two-wire system) of the distribution board.

When the distribution board is a single-phase three-wire system, at least two voltage probes are required, but the phase of the input waveform is shifted by 0 ° or 180 ° due to the reverse connection of the voltage probes. In this case, whether the phases are aligned or not aligned, it is necessary to perform a measurement operation once to know the reverse connection of the voltage probe and the like, as described above.

Therefore, prior to the measurement of the electric power used through the distribution board, the detected voltage waveform (input waveform) detected by the voltage probe is set to a predetermined period (one cycle of the input waveform; 20 ms in the case of 50 Hz). , 17 ms for 60 Hz), the amplitude width w of the input voltage waveform is detected, and the detected width w is compared with a predetermined value (the maximum allowable noise component value) α to determine the connection state of the voltage probe. Is determined, and the wiring method of the distribution board can be checked.

According to the connection results of the voltage probes, if at least two voltage probes are normally connected, the input waveform of one of the voltage probes is used as a basis, and the waveform data of the input waveform of the basic channel and the other are used. A value based on the waveform data of the input waveform of the channel is calculated, a phase shift of the input waveform of the other channel with respect to the basic channel is detected, and a reverse connection of the voltage probe is detected based on the phase shift. The wiring method (single-phase three-wire system, single-phase two-wire system) can be determined.

Therefore, the power supply monitoring record has a configuration shown in FIG. In the drawing, the same parts as those in FIG. 9 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the duplicate description will be omitted.

In FIG. 1, the power supply monitoring recorder according to the present invention can be connected to a predetermined DUT in the distribution board 1 to measure at least load current, leakage current and line voltage in the distribution board. At least one voltage probe (sensor) 10 and a plurality of current clamps (sensors) 11;
A plurality of input units 12 for inputting detection signals of the respective channels by the voltage probe 10 and the current clamp 11 and digitally converting the input waveforms (detection voltage and current) so as to be able to be taken in at a predetermined sampling cycle; A waveform capturing section (memory controller) 13 for capturing the digitally converted waveform data, a power supply monitoring section 14 for monitoring a commercial power supply via the distribution board 1, and a waveform data capturing section 13 for capturing the waveform data captured by the waveform capturing section 13. Is recorded in a ring system in a short time, the effective value data is calculated based on the acquired waveform data, and a display processing of a measured waveform and a measured effective value is performed based on the waveform data and the effective value data. And measurement processing, such as storing the waveform data and calculating the effective value based on the waveform data. A CPU 15 for detecting at least a connection state and a reverse connection of the voltage probe 10 based on an input waveform input through the voltage probe 10 and detecting and displaying a wiring method by the distribution board; A waveform data recording unit 16 for recording and an effective value data unit 17 for recording the calculated effective value data are provided.

The power supply monitoring recorder includes a monitor (LCD) 18 and a printer 19 for displaying and printing measurement results (the cause of power failure and analysis results) and the like, and a keyboard 20.
And an input / output device 21 comprising:

Further, the input unit 1 of each of the above channels
Reference numeral 2 denotes an amplifier, an A / D converter, and a photocoupler capable of inputting current and voltage. Furthermore, the power supply monitoring unit 14 compares the electric power (commercial power supply) via the distribution board 1 with a reference value (threshold voltage; for example, 60 V to 70 V), and when the commercial power supply falls below the reference value. It is configured to generate a trigger, and is provided inside the measuring instrument of the power supply monitoring recorder.

Next, the operation of the power supply monitoring recorder having the above configuration will be described in detail with reference to the flowcharts of FIGS. 2 and 3 and the waveform diagrams of FIGS.

First, electric power is used via the distribution board 1, and the current limiter 2 and the circuit breaker 3 of the distribution board 1 are used.
And the earth leakage breaker 4 is not operated.

At this time, the voltage probe 10 and the current clamp 11 of each channel are arranged at predetermined positions in the distribution board 1, and the load current, the leakage current and the line voltage are detected in the distribution board 1. Is done. Since the detection signal of each channel is input to each of the input units 12, it is converted into waveform data that can be processed by the power supply monitoring recorder at a predetermined sampling period. Will be taken.

Here, when an arbitrary measurement item (measurement pattern) is selected by the input / output device 21 and the range of each channel is set and the power supply monitoring recorder is put into a measurement state, for example, The recorded waveform data is recorded in the waveform data recording unit 16 in a short time, and the effective value data calculated based on the waveform data is recorded in the effective value data recording unit 17 in a long time. The power used is measured.

In order to know the connection state of the voltage probe 10 for detecting the line voltage of the distribution line in the distribution board 1, the connection investigation routine shown in FIG. For each of the ten channels, the acquisition of waveform data is performed for a preset period (at least for one cycle of the line voltage waveform), and the acquired waveform data is recorded in the waveform data recording unit 16 or the CPU 15. (Step ST
1).

Then, the CPU 15 takes in the waveform data of one cycle for each channel and calculates the amplitude width W of the voltage waveform of each channel (step ST).
2) The calculated amplitude width w is compared with a predetermined value α (step ST3).

In this case, the predetermined value α is set to the maximum allowable value of the noise component of each channel. As shown in FIG. 4, the amplitude width w of the voltage waveform of the predetermined channel is large and exceeds the predetermined value α. The CPU 15 determines that the voltage probe 10 of the same channel is securely connected to the device under test, and the result of this determination (eg, normal connection)
Is displayed on the LCD 18 of the input / output device 21 (step ST4).

As shown in FIG. 5, when the amplitude width w of the input voltage waveform is small and does not exceed the predetermined value α, the CPU 1
At 5, it is determined that the voltage probe 10 of the same channel is not connected to the measured object or the connection is incomplete,
A process of displaying the result of this determination (for example, not connected) on the LCD 18 of the input / output device 21 is executed (step ST).
5).

That is, the input voltage waveform by the voltage probe 10 is the amplitude of the line voltage of the distribution board 1 (the predetermined value α).
If the voltage probe 10 has a larger value, it can be considered that the voltage probe 10 is securely connected to the object to be measured (the point where the line voltage is measured). Has only an amplitude of the order of noise, it can be considered that the voltage probe 10 is not connected to the device under test (the point where the line voltage is measured).

Thus, the operation of the measuring operation is not required to check the connection state of the voltage probe 10 of each channel, and the voltage probe 10 is securely connected by the display on the LCD 18 of the input / output device 21. Can be confirmed, that is, a connection error can be eliminated. Also, according to the connection determination result of the voltage probe 10, for example, when the two voltage probes 10 are connected, the distribution board 1 is simply connected. It can be determined that the power distribution board 1 is a single-phase two-wire system when one voltage probe 10 is connected.

Subsequently, according to the result of the connection detection of the voltage probe 10, when the two voltage probes 10 are connected to the object to be measured (the measurement point of the line voltage), that is, the distribution board 1 is a single-phase In the case of the three-wire system, the phase check routine shown in FIG. 3 is executed, and one of the two voltage probes 10 is used as a basic channel, and the basic channel is triggered by, for example, a rising zero crossing of the input voltage waveform shown in FIG. The waveform data of about half a cycle of the input voltage waveform is captured by the waveform capturing unit 13, and the captured waveform data is recorded in the waveform data recording unit 16 or input to the CPU 15. (Step ST10).

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, for example, waveform data of about 1/4 cycle of the input voltage waveform of another channel with respect to the basic channel is captured by the waveform capturing unit 13 by the trigger. The captured waveform data is recorded in the waveform data recording unit 16 or input to the CPU 15 (step ST1).
1).

Then, the CPU 15 calculates the value of the input voltage waveform based on the fetched waveform data, and determines whether the calculated value is positive or negative (step ST12).
For example, when the input voltage waveform of the other channel is as shown in FIG. 7, if the calculated value based on the waveform data of the input waveform of the other channel is the same positive as the input waveform of the basic channel, the voltage waveform of the basic channel is different from that of the basic channel. It is determined that the voltage waveforms of the channels are in phase (offset by 0 °), and a process of displaying this determination result on the LCD 18 of the input / output device 21 is executed (step ST13).

As shown in FIG. 8, when the calculated value based on the waveform data of the input voltage waveform of the other channel is negative as opposed to the input waveform of the basic channel, the voltage waveform of the basic channel and the voltage waveform of the other channel are negative. Are determined to be 180 ° out of phase, and a process of displaying the result of the determination on the LCD 21 of the input / output device 21 is performed (step ST14).

Thus, the voltage probe 1 of the other channel is connected to the voltage probe 10 of the basic channel.
Since 0 is a reverse connection, it is not necessary to perform a measurement operation for confirming the connection state of the probe before measurement. For example, the connection can be confirmed on the display of the LCD 18 of the input / output device 21, and a connection mistake can be made. In addition, the phase shift of the input waveform of the voltage probe 10 of each channel can be detected. For example, the phase of the voltage probe 10 of each channel can be matched or not set.

Thereafter, the measurement by the power supply monitoring recorder is started. At the time of the measurement, the determination is performed t times for one cycle (T) of the input waveform for each channel. At this time, (T / t) × 2 (maximum value and minimum value) comparison data per channel are generated in the comparison data memory. Note that t corresponds to the timing of capturing the waveform data of the input waveform, that is, the sampling period.

In the waveform judgment of the input waveform of each channel, T / 2 is applied to the positive side of the input waveform of one channel.
t maximum and minimum values are generated, and T / 2t maximum and minimum values are generated for the negative of the input waveform.

For example, when judging the input waveform of n channels, the maximum value and the minimum value of the comparison data need to be n times, and this n times comparison data is sequentially generated in the comparison data memory. become. When such comparison data is generated, a phase check is required. The phase check is performed by executing the phase check routine shown in FIG.

Since the input waveform determination is not directly related to the present invention and will not be described in detail, 2T / t comparison data (maximum value and minimum value) for one cycle (T) of the input waveform is omitted. The waveform is determined by comparing with.

During the measurement of the power supply monitoring recorder,
If the breaker (current limiter 2 or wiring breaker 3) of the distribution board 1 drops due to some cause (for example, power failure), the commercial power of the electric power passing through the distribution board 1 becomes lower than the reference value. The power supply monitoring unit 14 generates a signal (trigger).

Then, the measurement in the power supply monitoring recorder is stopped by the trigger, but the waveform data recording section 16 records the waveform data of the 320 ms waveform up to the power failure.

Therefore, after the power failure, when the power of the power monitoring recorder is turned on again, the analysis and display routine of the cause of the power failure are executed, and it is determined whether or not the measurement has been performed before the power failure. Done.

Since the waveform data recording unit 16 records a predetermined number of waveforms of the input waveform,
For each channel, an effective value for one waveform up to the time of a power failure is calculated from waveform data for one waveform.

Subsequently, the calculated effective value of each channel and a preset rated value (rated value input before measurement)
And are respectively compared. This rated value is
3, the rated current value of the earth leakage breaker 4, and the fixed line rated voltage value (120 V).

For example, the effective value (measured value of the line voltage) of the waveform data of the waveform detected by the voltage probe 10 is compared with the line voltage value (120 V), and the waveform data detected by the plurality of current clamps 11 is compared. The effective value of (leakage current and load current) is compared with the sensitivity current value and the rated current value, respectively.

According to the result of the comparison, if the measured value (effective value) of the line voltage exceeds 120 V, it is determined that there is no phase, and the measured value (effective value) of the leakage current exceeds the sensitivity current. If the measured value (effective value) of the load current exceeds the rated current, it is determined that an electric leakage has occurred.

Further, based on the waveform data recorded in the waveform data recording section 16, it is possible to analyze a waveform according to the purpose, for example, a harmonic analysis, and record the waveform in the effective value data recording section 17. The effective value can be displayed and printed based on the effective value data. For example, by displaying the long-term power consumption in each home on the LCD 18 and printing it out with the printer 19, the long-term power of the home can be obtained. Power usage can be easily known.

[0054]

As described above, according to the power supply monitoring recorder of the present invention, the load current, the leakage current and the line voltage are detected and input by a plurality of current clamps and at least one voltage probe, The input waveforms of the channels are converted to digital data to form waveform data, and this waveform data is recorded in a ring format in a short time, and the effective value data based on the waveform data is recorded for a long time, and the supply of power to be used is stopped. At the time of (power failure), the cause and analysis are performed by calculating the effective value, etc., based on the waveform data of the predetermined number of waveforms up to the power failure, and displayed, and at least the waveform data of the input waveform captured via the voltage probe prior to the above measurement Based on the result of comparison between the measured amplitude width and a predetermined value, the connection state of the probe is determined and displayed. When a voltage probe is connected, one is used as a basis, and a voltage waveform value is calculated based on the waveform data of the basic input waveform and the waveform data of the other input waveform. Since the input waveform and phase shift are detected and displayed, it is possible to record the usage status of the power used through, for example, a distribution board, and to easily know the cause of the power supply stoppage. Further, there is no need to perform a measurement operation for detecting the connection of the probe prior to the measurement, and the display of the device allows the observer to check the connection state without troublesome operation, thereby eliminating a connection error. And the wiring result of the distribution board can be understood from the connection result, and the accuracy of the measurement of the power to be used can be further improved. There is a use effect.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a power supply monitoring recorder showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of the power supply monitoring recorder shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of the power supply monitoring recorder shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic waveform diagram illustrating an operation of the power supply monitoring recorder shown in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a schematic waveform diagram illustrating the operation of the power supply monitoring recorder shown in FIG.

FIG. 6 is a schematic waveform diagram illustrating an operation of the power supply monitoring recorder shown in FIG.

FIG. 7 is a schematic waveform diagram illustrating the operation of the power supply monitoring recorder shown in FIG.

FIG. 8 is a schematic waveform diagram illustrating an operation of the power supply monitoring recorder shown in FIG.

FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram of a distribution board.

10 is a schematic waveform diagram of AC voltage and AC current of electric power used via the distribution board shown in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Distribution board 2 Current limiter 3 Wiring breaker 4 Leakage breaker 10 Voltage probe 11 Current clamp 12 Input unit 13 Waveform acquisition part (memory controller) 14 Power supply monitoring part 15 CPU 16 Waveform data recording part 17 Effective value data Recording unit 18 Monitor (LCD) 19 Printer 20 Keyboard 21 Input / output device

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Eiji Kogure 1-3-3 Uchisaiwai-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Inside Tokyo Electric Power Company (56) References JP-A-59-202023 (JP, A) JP-A-1 −160317 (JP, A)

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A plurality of current clamps for detecting a load current and a leakage current, and at least one voltage probe for detecting a line voltage, the detection current and the voltage being input for each channel, and the input current, Input means for digitally converting a voltage at a predetermined sampling cycle, input means for taking in waveform data digitally converted by the input means of each channel, and waveform data of the detected voltage waveform are preset. Probe connection detection means for capturing only the period, detecting the amplitude width of the input waveform based on the captured waveform data, and comparing the detected amplitude width with a predetermined value to detect the connection state of the voltage probe; Waveform data recording means for recording the acquired waveform data of each channel and recording at least a predetermined number of waveforms in a ring system. Calculating means for calculating an effective value based on the fetched waveform data to obtain effective value data; effective value data recording means for recording the calculated effective value data; Power supply monitoring means for comparing at least one of the elements with a reference value to monitor the commercial power supply; capturing waveform data of each channel into the waveform data recording means; and calculating an effective value based on the waveform data Before detecting the connection state of the voltage probe,
Thereafter, the used power is measured, and when the supply of the used power is stopped, one waveform data until the stop of the power supply is read out from the waveform data recording means, and an effective value is calculated based on the waveform data. And a control means for detecting and displaying an abnormal channel by comparing each of the effective values with a preset rated value, and for judging and reporting the cause of the power stop. 2. According to a connection result by the probe connection detecting means, when at least two voltage probes are connected, a waveform of a voltage detected by one of the voltage probes is used as a basis, and waveform data of the same basic voltage waveform is used. A trigger is generated at the rising zero crossing of the same voltage waveform, and the waveform data of at least 周期 cycle of the same voltage waveform is captured, and the waveform data of the other voltage waveform is converted into the waveform data of at least １ ／ cycle of the same voltage waveform. 2. The power supply monitoring recorder according to claim 1, wherein a phase difference between voltage waveforms detected by the voltage probe is detected based on the captured waveform data, and reverse connection of the voltage probe can be determined and displayed.