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JP2668683B2 - Mineral oil for textile oil - Google Patents

Mineral oil for textile oil

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Publication number
JP2668683B2
JP2668683B2 JP62200803A JP20080387A JP2668683B2 JP 2668683 B2 JP2668683 B2 JP 2668683B2 JP 62200803 A JP62200803 A JP 62200803A JP 20080387 A JP20080387 A JP 20080387A JP 2668683 B2 JP2668683 B2 JP 2668683B2
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
oil
fiber
mineral oil
mineral
agent
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP62200803A
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Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS6445869A (en
Inventor
敬 栗原
Original Assignee
出光興産 株式会社
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Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は繊維油剤用鉱油に関し、詳しくは繊維に平滑
性を付与するとともに、乳化安定性ならびに熱安定性,
耐候性等にすぐれ、しかも変色のおそれのない繊維油剤
用鉱油に関する。 〔従来の技術及び発明が解決しようとする問題点〕 従来から繊維油剤用鉱油としては、工業用流動パラフ
ィンやナフテン系鉱油が用いられているが、乳化安定性
が充分でなく、また油剤を塗布したフィラメント糸など
の繊維が変色するという問題があった。 〔問題点を解決するための手段〕 そこで本発明者は、上記従来の繊維油剤用鉱油の問題
点を解消し、乳化安定性にすぐれ、変色のおそれがな
く、しかも熱安定性,耐候性等にすぐれた繊維油剤用の
新しい鉱油を開発すべく鋭意研究を重ねた。 その結果、動粘度,芳香族分含量およびナフテン分含
量が一定範囲に入るものであると同時に、ヨウ素価が3
以下の鉱油が、上記課題を達成できるものであることを
見出した。 本発明はこのような知見に基づいて完成したものであ
る。すなわち本発明は、40℃における動粘度が5〜500c
Stであるとともに、芳香族分含量が0.5%以下であっ
て、ナフテン分含量が28%以上であり、かつヨウ素価が
3以下であることを特徴とする繊維油剤用鉱油を提供す
るものである。 本発明の鉱油は、上述の如く40℃における動粘度が5
〜500cSt、好ましくは20〜200cStである。ここで、動粘
度が5cSt未満では油剤として繊維に塗布した場合、蒸発
飛散が著しいという問題があり、逆に500cStを越えると
繊維への塗布量が多くなりすぎて処理操作に手間を要す
るという問題がある。 また本発明の鉱油は、芳香族分含量が1%以下、(即
ち%CAが1以下)、好ましくは0.5%以下である。ここ
で芳香族分含量(%CA)が1%を越えるものでは、耐候
性が低下し、本発明の目的を達成することができない。 さらに本発明の鉱油は、ナフテン分含量が28%以上
(即ち%CNが28以上)、好ましくは30%以上である。こ
こでナフテン分含量(%CN)が28%未満では、乳化安定
性が低下するため、繊維に均一に塗布することが困難と
なる。 なお、上記の芳香族分含量(%CA)およびナフテン分
含量(%CN)は、いずれもn−d−M法に基づく環分析
値である。 本発明の鉱油は、上述の如き性状を有するとともに、
ヨウ素価が3以下のものでなければならず、好ましくは
2以下のものである。ヨウ素価が3を越えるものでは、
たとえば動粘度,芳香族分含量およびナフテン分含量が
上記範囲に入るものであっても、熱安定性,耐候性に問
題があり、また変色のおそれも大きい。 本発明の鉱油としては、上述の如き性状を有する鉱油
であれば種々の方法によって得られたものが使用でき、
特に制限はない。このような鉱油の具体例としては、パ
ラフィン基系原油,中間基系原油,ナフテン基系原油を
常圧蒸留するかあるいは常圧蒸留の残渣油を減圧蒸留し
て得られる留出油を常法にしたがって精製し、さらに深
脱ロウ処理することによって得られる深脱ロウ油を好適
なものとしてあげることができる。この際の留出油の精
製法は特に制限はなく様々な方法が考えられる。通常は
(a)水素化処理,(b)脱ロウ処理(溶剤脱ロウまた
は水添脱ロウ),(c)溶剤油出処理,(d)アルカリ
蒸留または硫酸洗浄処理,(e)白土処理を単独である
いは適宜順序で組み合わせて行う。また同一処理を複数
段に分けて繰り返し行うことも有効である。例えば、
留出油を水素化処理するか、または水素化処理した後、
アルカリ蒸留または硫酸洗浄処理を行う方法、留出油
を水素化処理した後、脱ロウ処理する方法、留出油を
溶剤抽出処理した後、水素化処理する方法、留出油に
二段あるいは三段の水素化処理を行う、またはその後に
アルカリ蒸留あるいは硫酸洗浄処理する方法などがあ
る。 本発明の鉱油は、このようにして得られる精製油を、
必要に応じて再度脱ロウ処理して深脱ロウ油としたもの
が好適に使用される。ここで行う脱ロウ処理は、深脱ロ
ウ処理と称されるもので、苛酷な条件下での溶剤脱ロウ
処理法やゼオライト触媒を用いた接触水添脱ロウ処理法
などによって行われる。 本発明の鉱油を繊維油剤として用いるにあたっては、
上記鉱油に水とともに乳化剤を加えてエマルジョンとし
て用いてもよく、また鉱油をそのままの状態で使用して
もよい。ここで使用する乳化剤(界面活性剤)として
は、例えばポリオキシエチレンアルキルアリルエーテ
ル,ポリエチレングリコールアルキルエーテル,ポリオ
キシエチレン脂肪酸エステル,ポリオキシエチレンアル
キルアミン,ポリオキシエチレンアルキルアミド,脂肪
酸のアルカノールアミン縮合物などのノニオン系界面活
性剤、アルキルスルホネートなどのアニオン系界面活性
剤をあげることができる。 さらに、上記鉱油に各種化合物や様々な界面活性剤を
平滑剤,帯電防止剤等として適宜添加することができ
る。平滑剤としては、例えば各種の油脂,高級脂肪酸の
アルコールエステル,ヒンダードエステル,ポリブテ
ン,ポリ−α−オレフィンあるいはノニオン系界面活性
剤などがあり、また帯電防止剤としては、アニオン系界
面活性剤,カチオン系界面活性剤,両性界面活性剤,ノ
ニオン系界面活性剤などがある。そのほか、柔軟剤,集
束剤,酸化防止剤,防錆剤などを必要に応じて適宜添加
することも有効である。 〔実施例〕 次に、本発明を実施例及び比較例により、更に詳しく
説明する。 実施例1 (1)鉱油の製造 中間基系原油を常圧蒸留及び減圧蒸留して得られた留
出油を、二段水添処理した後、さらに水添脱ロウ処理し
て、40℃における動粘度110.0cSt,%CA0.1,%CN32.5,ヨ
ウ素価1の鉱油を得た。 (2)繊維油剤の調製 上記(1)で得られた鉱油97重量%に、乳化剤として
ポリオキシエチレン(5)ラウリルエーテル3重量%を
加え、これに水を加えて混合し、濃度30%のエマルジョ
ン型の繊維油剤を調製した。 (3)促進耐候性試験 給油ローラーを用いて上記(2)で得られたエマルジ
ョン型の繊維油剤を、ポリエステルフィラメント糸に塗
布した。 このフィラメント糸を、紫外線カーボンアーク式ウェ
ザーメーター(槽内温度63±3℃)に72時間曝露して促
進耐候性試験を行い、曝露前後のフィラメント糸の外観
(色相)を観察した。その結果、フィラメント糸の外観
は曝露前後を通じて変化が認められなかった。 (4)乳化安定性試験 ドイツ工業規格(DIN)の人工硬水により硬度3に調
整した水85mlを、栓付きの100ml容メスシリンダーに採
取した。このメスシリンダーに、上記(2)で得られた
エマルジョン型の繊維油剤15mlを入れて栓をし、50回激
しく振盪してから、20±5℃の室内に静置し、乳化状態
の安定性を観察した。この観察は、浮上した油分または
クリーム層の体積をメスシリンダーの目盛りから読み取
り、また白濁エマルジョン部分が浮上し、メスシリンダ
ー下部に水相の透明な部分が生ずる場合には、透明部分
の体積をメスシリンダーの目盛りから読み取ることによ
って行った。その結果、浮上油分はクリーム状で、その
体積は0.5mlであり、また下部透明相は認められなかっ
た。 実施例2 (1)鉱油の製造 中間基系原油を常圧蒸留及び減圧蒸留して得られた留
出油を、二段水添処理した後、さらに水添脱ロウ処理し
て、40℃における動粘度35.2cSt,%CA0.1,%CN38.5,ヨ
ウ素価1以下の鉱油を得た。 (2)繊維油剤の調製 上記実施例2(1)で得られた鉱油95重量%に、ポリ
オキシエチレン(10)ノニルフェニルエーテル5重量%
を加えて繊維油剤を調製した。 (3)促進耐候性試験 実施例1(3)において、繊維油剤として上記実施例
2(2)で得られた繊維油剤を用いたこと以外は、実施
例1(3)と同様にして促進耐候性試験を行った。 その結果、フィラメント糸の外観は曝露前後を通じて
変化が認められなかった。 比較例1 (1)鉱油の製造 中間基系原油を常圧蒸留及び減圧蒸留して得られた留
出油を、水素化処理した後、水添仕上げして、40℃にお
ける動粘度99.5cSt,%CA3.4,%CN25.5,ヨウ素価4の鉱
油を得た。 (2)繊維油剤の調製 上記比較例1(1)で得られた鉱油97重量%に、乳化
剤としてポリオキシエチレン(5)ラウリルエーテル3
重量%を加え、これに水を加えて混合し、濃度30%のエ
マルジョン型の繊維油剤を調製した。 (3)促進耐候性試験 実施例1(3)において、繊維油剤として上記比較例
1(2)で得られた繊維油剤を用いたこと以外は、実施
例1(3)と同様にして促進耐候性試験を行った。 その結果、フィラメント糸の外観は曝露後に淡黄色に
変化した。 (4)乳化安定性試験 実施例1(4)において、繊維油剤として上記比較例
1(2)で得られた繊維油剤を用いたこと以外は、実施
例1(4)と同様にして乳化安定性試験を行った。 その結果、浮上油分はクリーム状で、その体積は0.5m
lであり、また下部透明相の体積は5mlであった。 比較例2 (1)鉱油の製造 中間基系原油を常圧蒸留及び減圧蒸留して得られた留
出油を、溶剤抽出した後、水添仕上げして、40℃におけ
る動粘度30.6cSt,%CA4.8,%CN27.0,ヨウ素価3の鉱油
を得た。 (2)繊維油剤の調製 上記比較例2(1)で得られた鉱油95重量%に、ポリ
オキシエチレン(10)のノニルフェニルエーテル5重量
%を加えて繊維油剤を調製した。 (3)促進耐候性試験 実施例1(3)において、繊維油剤として上記比較例
2(2)で得られた繊維油剤を用いたこと以外は、実施
例1(3)と同様にして促進耐候性試験を行った。 その結果、フィラメント糸の外観は曝露後に淡黄色に
変化した。 〔発明の効果〕 以上のように、本発明の鉱油を用いた繊維油剤は、繊
維に平滑性を付与するとともに、耐候性,耐熱性が良好
であって、塗布あるいは浸漬した繊維を変色するおそれ
がない。その上、特に低温でのワックスの析出による乳
化バランスのこわれもなく、また乳化剤との相溶性も良
好であって乳化安定性が良く、エマルジョンとして使用
した場合にも、繊維に均一に塗布することができる。 したがって、本発明の鉱油を用いた繊維油剤は、各種
の繊維フィラメント用紡糸油剤,紡績油剤,繊維の平滑
剤等として、幅広くかつ有効に利用することができる。
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a mineral oil for use as a fiber oil agent, and more specifically, imparts smoothness to fibers, emulsification stability and heat stability,
The present invention relates to a mineral oil for a fiber oil agent, which has excellent weather resistance and does not have a risk of discoloration. [Problems to be Solved by Conventional Techniques and Inventions] Industrial liquid paraffin and naphthenic mineral oil have been conventionally used as mineral oils for fiber oil agents, but the emulsion stability is not sufficient and the oil agent is applied. There is a problem that the fibers such as the filament yarns are discolored. [Means for Solving Problems] Therefore, the present inventor has solved the problems of the above-mentioned conventional mineral oils for fiber oil agents, has excellent emulsion stability, is free from the risk of discoloration, and has thermal stability and weather resistance. We have conducted intensive research to develop new mineral oils for fiber oils. As a result, the kinematic viscosity, the aromatic content and the naphthene content are within certain ranges, and the iodine value is 3 at the same time.
It has been found that the following mineral oils can achieve the above-mentioned problems. The present invention has been completed based on such findings. That is, the present invention has a kinematic viscosity of 5 to 500c at 40 ° C.
The present invention provides a mineral oil for a fiber oil agent, which is St and has an aromatic content of 0.5% or less, a naphthene content of 28% or more, and an iodine value of 3 or less. . The mineral oil of the present invention has a kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. of 5 as described above.
500500 cSt, preferably 20-200 cSt. Here, when the kinematic viscosity is less than 5 cSt, there is a problem that evaporation and scattering are remarkable when applied to the fiber as an oil agent, and when it exceeds 500 cSt, the amount of application to the fiber becomes too large and the processing operation is troublesome. There is. The mineral oil of the present invention, the aromatic matter content of 1% or less, (i.e.,% C A is 1 or less), preferably 0.5% or less. Here, when the aromatic content (% C A ) exceeds 1%, the weather resistance is lowered and the object of the present invention cannot be achieved. Further, the mineral oil of the present invention has a naphthene content of 28% or more (that is,% C N is 28 or more), preferably 30% or more. Here, if the naphthene content (% C N ) is less than 28%, the emulsion stability decreases, and it becomes difficult to uniformly apply the naphthene content to the fibers. The aromatic content (% C A ) and naphthene content (% C N ) are both ring analysis values based on the ndM method. The mineral oil of the present invention has properties as described above,
The iodine value must be 3 or less, preferably 2 or less. If the iodine value exceeds 3,
For example, even if the kinematic viscosity, the aromatic content, and the naphthene content fall within the above ranges, there is a problem in thermal stability and weather resistance, and there is a high possibility of discoloration. As the mineral oil of the present invention, those obtained by various methods can be used as long as it is a mineral oil having the above-mentioned properties,
There is no particular limitation. Specific examples of such a mineral oil include a distillate obtained by distilling a paraffin-based crude oil, an intermediate-based crude oil, or a naphthenic-based crude oil under normal pressure, or a distillate obtained by vacuum-distilling the residual oil of normal pressure distillation. A deep dewaxed oil obtained by purifying according to the above method and further subjected to deep dewaxing treatment can be mentioned as a preferable example. The method for refining the distillate at this time is not particularly limited, and various methods can be considered. Usually, (a) hydrogenation treatment, (b) dewaxing treatment (solvent dewaxing or hydrogenation dewaxing), (c) solvent oil removal treatment, (d) alkali distillation or sulfuric acid washing treatment, and (e) clay treatment. These are performed alone or in combination in an appropriate order. It is also effective to repeat the same process in a plurality of stages. For example,
Hydrotreating the distillate or after hydrotreating,
Alkaline distillation or sulfuric acid washing treatment, distillate oil hydrogenation treatment, dewaxing method, distillate oil solvent extraction treatment, hydrogenation treatment method There is a method of performing a hydrogenation treatment of the stage, or a subsequent alkali distillation or sulfuric acid washing treatment. The mineral oil of the present invention comprises the refined oil thus obtained,
If necessary, a dewaxing oil that has been subjected to a dewaxing treatment again to be a deeply dewaxed oil is suitably used. The dewaxing process performed here is called a deep dewaxing process, and is performed by a solvent dewaxing process under severe conditions, a contact hydrodewaxing process using a zeolite catalyst, or the like. In using the mineral oil of the present invention as a fiber oil agent,
The mineral oil may be used as an emulsion by adding an emulsifier together with water, or the mineral oil may be used as it is. Examples of the emulsifier (surfactant) used here include polyoxyethylene alkyl allyl ether, polyethylene glycol alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene alkylamine, polyoxyethylene alkylamide, and alkanolamine condensate of fatty acid. And anionic surfactants such as alkylsulfonates. Further, various compounds and various surfactants can be appropriately added to the mineral oil as a leveling agent, an antistatic agent and the like. Examples of the leveling agent include various oils and fats, alcohol esters of higher fatty acids, hindered esters, polybutene, poly-α-olefin, and nonionic surfactants. As the antistatic agent, anionic surfactants, Cationic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, nonionic surfactants, and the like. In addition, it is also effective to appropriately add a softening agent, a sizing agent, an antioxidant, a rust inhibitor and the like as needed. [Examples] Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples. Example 1 (1) Production of Mineral Oil A distillate obtained by distilling an intermediate-base crude oil under normal pressure and reduced pressure is subjected to a two-stage hydrogenation treatment, followed by a hydrodewaxing treatment, and a kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. A mineral oil having 110.0 cSt,% C A 0.1,% C N 32.5 and an iodine value of 1 was obtained. (2) Preparation of fiber oil agent To 97% by weight of the mineral oil obtained in (1) above, 3% by weight of polyoxyethylene (5) lauryl ether was added as an emulsifier, and water was added thereto, followed by mixing. An emulsion type fiber oil was prepared. (3) Accelerated weathering test The emulsion type fiber oil obtained in (2) above was applied to polyester filament yarn using an oiling roller. This filament yarn was exposed to an ultraviolet carbon arc type weather meter (bath temperature 63 ± 3 ° C.) for 72 hours to perform an accelerated weather resistance test, and the appearance (hue) of the filament yarn before and after exposure was observed. As a result, no change was observed in the appearance of the filament yarn before and after the exposure. (4) Emulsion stability test 85 ml of water adjusted to hardness 3 with artificial hard water according to German Industrial Standard (DIN) was collected in a 100 ml measuring cylinder with a stopper. Into this measuring cylinder, put 15 ml of the emulsion-type fiber oil agent obtained in the above (2), stopper it, shake it vigorously 50 times, and then leave it in a room at 20 ± 5 ° C., and stabilize the emulsified state. Was observed. In this observation, the volume of the floating oil or cream layer was read from the scale of the graduated cylinder.If the cloudy emulsion portion was raised and a transparent portion of the aqueous phase was formed at the bottom of the graduated cylinder, the volume of the transparent portion was measured. This was done by reading from the cylinder scale. As a result, the floating oil content was creamy, the volume was 0.5 ml, and no lower transparent phase was observed. Example 2 (1) Production of Mineral Oil A distillate obtained by distilling an intermediate-base crude oil under normal pressure and reduced pressure was subjected to a two-stage hydrogenation treatment, followed by a hydrodewaxing treatment, and a kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. A mineral oil having 35.2 cSt,% C A 0.1,% C N 38.5 and an iodine value of 1 or less was obtained. (2) Preparation of fiber oil agent To 95% by weight of the mineral oil obtained in the above Example 2 (1), 5% by weight of polyoxyethylene (10) nonylphenyl ether was added.
Was added to prepare a fiber oil agent. (3) Accelerated weathering test In Example 1 (3), except that the fiber oil obtained in Example 2 (2) was used as the fiber oil, the same procedure as in Example 1 (3) was carried out. A sex test was conducted. As a result, no change was observed in the appearance of the filament yarn before and after the exposure. Comparative Example 1 (1) Production of Mineral Oil A distillate obtained by distilling an intermediate-base crude oil under normal pressure and reduced pressure was subjected to hydrogenation treatment, hydrogenated, and finished with a kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. of 99.5 cSt, A mineral oil having% C A 3.4,% C N 25.5 and an iodine value of 4 was obtained. (2) Preparation of fiber oil agent Polyoxyethylene (5) lauryl ether 3 as an emulsifier was added to 97% by weight of the mineral oil obtained in Comparative Example 1 (1) above.
% By weight, and water was added thereto and mixed to prepare an emulsion type fiber oil solution having a concentration of 30%. (3) Accelerated weathering test In Example 1 (3), accelerated weathering was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 (3), except that the fiber oil obtained in Comparative Example 1 (2) was used as the fiber oil. A sex test was conducted. As a result, the appearance of the filament yarn turned pale yellow after exposure. (4) Emulsion stability test Emulsion stability was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 (4), except that in Example 1 (4), the fiber oil obtained in Comparative Example 1 (2) was used as the fiber oil. A sex test was conducted. As a result, the floating oil is creamy and its volume is 0.5m
and the volume of the lower clear phase was 5 ml. Comparative Example 2 (1) Production of Mineral Oil A distillate obtained by distilling an intermediate-base crude oil under normal pressure and reduced pressure was subjected to solvent extraction, hydrogenation finishing, and kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. of 30.6 cSt,%. A mineral oil with C A 4.8,% C N 27.0 and an iodine value of 3 was obtained. (2) Preparation of fiber oil The fiber oil was prepared by adding 5% by weight of nonylphenyl ether of polyoxyethylene (10) to 95% by weight of the mineral oil obtained in Comparative Example 2 (1). (3) Accelerated weathering test In Example 1 (3), accelerated weathering was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 (3), except that the fiber oil obtained in Comparative Example 2 (2) was used as the fiber oil. A sex test was conducted. As a result, the appearance of the filament yarn turned pale yellow after exposure. [Effects of the Invention] As described above, the fiber oil agent using the mineral oil of the present invention imparts smoothness to the fiber, has good weather resistance and heat resistance, and may discolor the coated or dipped fiber. There is no. In addition, there is no breakage of emulsification balance due to precipitation of wax at low temperature, and good compatibility with emulsifier, good emulsification stability, and even when used as an emulsion, it must be uniformly applied to fibers. You can Therefore, the fiber oil using the mineral oil of the present invention can be widely and effectively used as various spinning oils for fiber filaments, spinning oils, fiber smoothing agents and the like.

Claims (1)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】 1.40℃における動粘度が5〜500cStであるとともに、
芳香族分含量が0.5%以下であって、ナフテン分含量が2
8%以上であり、かつヨウ素価が3以下であることを特
徴とする繊維油剤用鉱油。
(57) [Claims] 1. The kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C is 5 to 500 cSt, and
Aromatic content is less than 0.5% and naphthene content is 2
Mineral oil for textile oils, which is 8% or more and has an iodine value of 3 or less.
JP62200803A 1987-08-13 1987-08-13 Mineral oil for textile oil Expired - Lifetime JP2668683B2 (en)

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CN105296119B (en) * 2007-03-30 2019-03-12 吉坤日矿日石能源株式会社 Lubricant base and its manufacturing method and lubricant oil composite
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