JP2652180B2 - Image forming device - Google Patents
Image forming deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JP2652180B2 JP2652180B2 JP33648587A JP33648587A JP2652180B2 JP 2652180 B2 JP2652180 B2 JP 2652180B2 JP 33648587 A JP33648587 A JP 33648587A JP 33648587 A JP33648587 A JP 33648587A JP 2652180 B2 JP2652180 B2 JP 2652180B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- transfer
- image carrier
- transfer roller
- image
- toner
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Landscapes
- Electrostatic Charge, Transfer And Separation In Electrography (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 （１）発明の目的 （産業上の利用分野） この発明は、静電複写機、同プリンタなど静電転写プ
ロセスを利用する画像形成装置、とくにその転写装置に
関するものである。The present invention relates to an image forming apparatus using an electrostatic transfer process, such as an electrostatic copying machine and a printer, and more particularly to an image forming apparatus using the same. is there.
（従来技術と解決すべき課題） 像担持体表面感光層に形成した可転写のトナー像を、
紙を主とするシート状の転写材に静電的に転写する工程
を含む画像形成装置において、回転円筒状、無端ベルト
状など無端状に走行する像担持体を使用し、バイアスを
印加した転写ローラをこれに圧接してこれら両者間に転
写材を通過させて、像担持体側のトナー像を転写材に転
写するように構成したものがすでに提案されている。(Prior art and problems to be solved) The transferable toner image formed on the photosensitive layer on the surface of the image carrier is
In an image forming apparatus including a process of electrostatically transferring to a sheet-shaped transfer material mainly made of paper, a bias-applied transfer is performed by using an image carrier that runs in an endless shape such as a rotating cylindrical shape or an endless belt shape. There has already been proposed a configuration in which a roller is pressed against the roller and the transfer material is passed between the two to transfer the toner image on the image carrier to the transfer material.
このような装置は、従来からひろく実用されているコ
ロナ放電を利用した転写手段に比して、転写ローラの像
担持体への圧接力を調整することによって転写材の像担
持体への吸着領域を拡大することができ、転写材を転写
部位において積極的に押圧支持するので、転写材搬送手
段による同期不良や転写材に存在するループ、カールな
どによる転写ずれを生ずるおそれが少なく、近来におけ
るこの種画像形成装置の小型化にともなう転写材搬送路
の短縮化、像担持体の小径化などの要請にも対応しやす
いが、反面、転写部位においてジャムが発生した場合像
担持体表面感光層や転写ローラ表面を損傷しやすく、ま
た、原稿画像の大きさに比して小さい転写材を使用した
場合、転写材の存在しない領域で像担持体側のトナーが
転写ローラに転移し、これが次に到来する転写材の裏汚
れを発生するなどの欠点がった。Such an apparatus adjusts the pressing force of the transfer roller to the image carrier by adjusting the pressing force of the transfer roller against the image carrier, as compared with a transfer unit using corona discharge which has been widely used in the past. The transfer material is positively pressed and supported at the transfer portion, so that there is little risk of synchronization failure due to the transfer material conveying means and transfer deviation due to loops, curls, etc. existing in the transfer material. It is easy to respond to requests such as shortening of the transfer material transport path and downsizing of the image carrier due to downsizing of the seed image forming apparatus, but on the other hand, if a jam occurs at the transfer portion, the photosensitive layer on the image carrier surface or When the transfer roller surface is easily damaged and a transfer material smaller than the size of the original image is used, the toner on the image carrier side is transferred to the transfer roller in an area where the transfer material does not exist. This wanted disadvantages such then generates a back fouling of the transfer material arrives.
このような欠点を回避するために、たとえば、転写ロ
ーラをクリーニングブレードなどによってクリーニング
する手段、非転写時に、転写ローラと像担持体の間に、
トナーが像担持体へ変位する方向の電界を形成する手段
などが提案されているが、前者のような仕方は、転写ロ
ーラが比較的低硬度であるので、クリーニングブレード
によるスクレープ作用を十分に作用させることが困難で
あり、またブレードの摺擦によってローラが損傷された
り回転トルクが増大するなどのため実用的ではなかっ
た。In order to avoid such a drawback, for example, means for cleaning the transfer roller with a cleaning blade or the like, during non-transfer, between the transfer roller and the image carrier,
Means for forming an electric field in the direction in which the toner is displaced to the image carrier have been proposed. However, the former method has a relatively low hardness of the transfer roller, so that the scraping action of the cleaning blade is sufficiently applied. However, it is not practical because the roller is damaged or the rotational torque is increased by the rubbing of the blade.
また前記後者のような仕方は、転写ローラが像担持体
に圧接して凹状に圧縮変形するので付着しているトナー
が凝縮しやすく、このため充分にクリーニングするには
高電界を必要とするので好適ではなかった。In the latter method, since the transfer roller is pressed against the image carrier and is compressed and deformed in a concave shape, the attached toner is easily condensed, and a high electric field is required for sufficient cleaning. It was not suitable.
本発明はこのような現状にかんがみてなされたもの
で、転写ローラを使用する画像形成装置において、非画
像領域のトナーを効果的に像担持体に転移させることを
可能とし、裏汚れの生ずることのない良質の画像を得ら
れるような転写装置を提供することを目的とするもので
ある。The present invention has been made in view of such a situation, and in an image forming apparatus using a transfer roller, it is possible to effectively transfer toner in a non-image area to an image carrier, and to cause back contamination. It is an object of the present invention to provide a transfer device capable of obtaining a high-quality image free from defects.
（２）発明の構成 上記の目的を達成するため、本発明は、像担持体と、
この像担持体に圧接する転写ローラとを有し、前記像担
持体と前記転写ローラとの間に転写材を搬送して前記担
持体状のトナー像を転写材に転写し、前記像担持体と前
記転写ローラとの間に転写材がないときにトナーを前記
転写ローラから前記像担持体に転移させる電界を形成す
る画像形成装置において、前記転写ローラの表面に弾性
スポンジ層を設け、前記転写ローラの硬度を30゜（JIS
A）以下とするとともに、前記転写ローラの前記像担持
体への圧接力を300gr/cm2以下とすることを特徴とする
画像形成装置である。(2) Configuration of the Invention In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an image carrier,
A transfer roller for pressing against the image carrier, transferring a transfer material between the image carrier and the transfer roller to transfer the toner image in the carrier shape onto the transfer material, An image forming apparatus for forming an electric field for transferring toner from the transfer roller to the image carrier when there is no transfer material between the transfer roller and the transfer roller, wherein an elastic sponge layer is provided on a surface of the transfer roller; Roller hardness is 30 ゜ (JIS
A) The image forming apparatus described above, wherein the pressing force of the transfer roller against the image carrier is set to 300 gr / cm 2 or less.
このように構成することによって、クリーニングブレ
ードなど、特段の付帯機構を必要とすることなく、転写
ローラへのトナーの付着、これに起因する転写材の汚染
を効果的に阻止することができる。With this configuration, it is possible to effectively prevent toner from adhering to the transfer roller and contamination of the transfer material due to the toner without requiring a special auxiliary mechanism such as a cleaning blade.
（実施例の説明） 第１図は、本発明を回転円筒状の像担持体をそなえた
画像形成装置に適用した実施例を示す要部側面図であ
る。(Explanation of the Embodiment) FIG. 1 is a side view of an essential part showing an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to an image forming apparatus having a rotating cylindrical image carrier.
紙面に垂直方向にのびていて矢印Ａ方向に回転する像
担持体１に弾性転写ローラ２が、ニップＮを形成するよ
うに圧接している。An elastic transfer roller 2 is pressed against an image carrier 1 which extends in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface and rotates in the direction of arrow A so as to form a nip N.
像担持体１の表面に形成されたトナー像が転写部位た
る前記ニップＮに到達するときには、これとタイミング
を合せて搬送路４から転写材（不図示）が供給されて前
記ニップＮに至り、電源３によって印加される転写バイ
アスの作用によって像担持体のトナー像は転写材に転移
し、ついでこの転写材は像担持体から分離されて不図示
の定着部位に搬送されるものとする。When the toner image formed on the surface of the image carrier 1 reaches the nip N, which is a transfer site, a transfer material (not shown) is supplied from the transport path 4 at the same time as the toner image and reaches the nip N. The toner image on the image carrier is transferred to the transfer material by the action of the transfer bias applied by the power supply 3, and the transfer material is separated from the image carrier and conveyed to a fixing portion (not shown).
一方、転写終了後、つぎの転写材が通過しない非転写
時に像担持体へトナーを転移させるような電界を、電源
３の極性を切替えて行なうものとする。On the other hand, after the transfer is completed, an electric field for transferring the toner to the image carrier at the time of non-transfer when the next transfer material does not pass is performed by switching the polarity of the power supply 3.
これを具体的にいえば、負極性に帯電する像担持体を
用いる正規現像の場合、トナーの帯電極性は正であり、
転写時には、転写ローラにトナーとは逆極性の負極性の
バイアスを印加し、非転写時には該ローラに正極性のバ
イアスを印加するものとする。More specifically, in the case of normal development using an image carrier that is negatively charged, the charge polarity of the toner is positive,
At the time of transfer, a negative bias having a polarity opposite to that of the toner is applied to the transfer roller, and at the time of non-transfer, a positive bias is applied to the roller.
また、負極性に帯電する像担持体を用いて反転現像を
行なう場合には、トナーの帯電極性は負であり、転写時
には、転写ローラに正極性のバイアスを印加し、非転写
時には像担持体の帯電をオフするか、画像情報付与手段
を利用して除電し、転写ローラに負極性のバイアスを印
加するものとする。When reversal development is performed using a negatively charged image carrier, the charge polarity of the toner is negative, and a positive bias is applied to the transfer roller during transfer, and the image carrier is not transferred during non-transfer. Is turned off or the charge is removed by using the image information providing means, and a negative bias is applied to the transfer roller.
なお、像担持体１の周辺には、主帯電器、画像情報付
与手段、現像器、クリーニング装置その他画像形成に必
要な部材が配設してあることは勿論であるが、それらは
本発明には直接関係がないので、すべて省略してある。It is needless to say that a main charger, an image information providing unit, a developing device, a cleaning device, and other members necessary for image formation are arranged around the image carrier 1, but they are not limited to the present invention. Are omitted because they are not directly related.
前述のような装置によって転写を実行した場合、いっ
たん転写ローラに転移したトナーが、像担持体に再転移
する量が、転写ローラの像担持体への当接圧によって大
きく変化することが確認された。When the transfer is performed by the above-described apparatus, it has been confirmed that the amount of the toner once transferred to the transfer roller and re-transferred to the image carrier greatly changes depending on the contact pressure of the transfer roller with the image carrier. Was.
第１図々示の装置により、転写ローラとして、第3A図
に示すように、金属製芯金2cに導電性スポンジからなる
内層2bを形成し、その外側に導電性のリゾット状のゴム
からなる外層2aを設けてなるものを用い、転写ローラ２
の像担持体への当接圧に対するクリーニング効率の変化
を第２図に示した。As shown in FIG. 3A, an inner layer 2b made of a conductive sponge is formed on a metal core 2c as a transfer roller by the apparatus shown in FIGS. The transfer roller 2 is provided with an outer layer 2a.
FIG. 2 shows the change in the cleaning efficiency with respect to the contact pressure of the image bearing member.
この場合のクリーニング効率は、トナーを付着させた
転写ローラを３回転したとき、像担持体に、どれだけこ
のトナーが像担持体へ逆転移したかの割合を示すものと
する。In this case, the cleaning efficiency indicates the ratio of how much the toner has been reversely transferred to the image carrier when the transfer roller on which the toner is attached is rotated three times.
第２図から判るように、像担持体への当接圧が300gr/
cm2以下の場合にクリーニング効率が格段に向上するこ
とが判る。As can be seen from FIG. 2, the contact pressure against the image carrier is 300 gr /
It can be seen that the cleaning efficiency is significantly improved when the size is less than cm 2 .
前述の転写ローラを用い、像担持体への当接圧を200g
r/cm2としたところ、2mmのニップ巾がとれ、転写性、搬
送性にはまったく問題なく、また、クリーニング性も良
好で転写材の裏汚れの発生もみられなかった。Using the transfer roller described above, the contact pressure to the image carrier is 200 g
At r / cm 2 , a nip width of 2 mm was obtained, there was no problem in transferability and transportability, and the cleaning property was good, and no generation of back contamination of the transfer material was observed.
この場合、当接圧を小さくすると当然ニップＮが充分
とれなくなり、転写不良、画像ブレなどを生ずるおそれ
があるので、転写ローラの硬度は30゜（JIS Ａ）以下
とするのが好適であり、上記のローラのように２層構成
として、外層表面をなめらかに形成するとともに若干硬
度を大として、トナーがローラ面に強くくい込むことを
阻止するとともに耐久性を増大させ、内層の硬度を低く
して全体としての硬度を前記の範囲内に収めるようにし
た。In this case, if the contact pressure is reduced, the nip N cannot be sufficiently obtained, which may result in poor transfer or image blurring. Therefore, the hardness of the transfer roller is preferably set to 30 mm (JIS A) or less. The roller has a two-layer structure as in the above-mentioned roller, and the surface of the outer layer is formed smoothly and the hardness is slightly increased. The overall hardness was set within the above range.
以上の装置の場合の転写方式は、負極性に帯電する像
担持体を用いた反射現像方式で、トナーを転写材に転写
するときの転写バイアスは＋500Vで、非転写時には、主
帯電器をオフし、または（および）画像情報付与手段を
作動させて像担持体を除電し、転写ローラには−500Vの
逆バイアスを印加する程度の比較的低いバイアスで良好
な結果が得られた。The transfer method in the case of the above-described apparatus is a reflection development method using an image carrier that is negatively charged. The transfer bias when transferring toner to a transfer material is +500 V, and the main charger is turned off during non-transfer. Alternatively, the image carrier was discharged by operating the image information providing means, and good results were obtained with a relatively low bias such that a reverse bias of -500 V was applied to the transfer roller.
第3B図、第3C図はそれぞれ転写ローラの他の例を示す
ものであって、前者は、孔径約10μの微小気孔体からな
るスポンジ状の導電性ウレタン2dで形成してあり、後者
は、内部に複数の中空部を形成した導電性ゴムで構成し
てある。これらのものを前記の装置に適用したところ第
3A図のものに比べてローラ表面の微小部分の硬度が小さ
いため像担持体と転写ローラとの圧接部で、より一層ト
ナーを凝縮させにくく一層良好なクリーニング効果が得
られた。また、前述のように、第3B図、第3C図のものは
第3A図のものに比べてトナーを凝縮させにくいので像担
持体へのトナー固着防止により効果がある。FIGS.3B and 3C show other examples of the transfer roller, respectively.The former is formed of sponge-like conductive urethane 2d made of microporous material having a pore diameter of about 10μ, and the latter is It is made of conductive rubber having a plurality of hollow portions formed inside. When these are applied to the above device,
Since the hardness of the minute portion on the roller surface is smaller than that in FIG. 3A, the toner is hardly condensed at the pressure contact portion between the image carrier and the transfer roller, and a better cleaning effect is obtained. Further, as described above, in FIGS. 3B and 3C, the toner is less likely to be condensed than that in FIG. 3A, and thus is more effective in preventing the toner from sticking to the image carrier.
以上説明したように、像担持体に弾性転写ローラを圧
接し、両者間に転写材を通過させて像担持体のトナー像
を転写材に転写する画像形成装置において、転写ローラ
の硬度を30゜（JIS Ａ）以下とし、像担持体への圧接
力を300gr/cm2以下とすることによって、特段のクリー
ニング手段を別設することなく、低いバイアスで転写ロ
ーラのクリーニングを行なうことができる。As described above, in an image forming apparatus in which an elastic transfer roller is pressed against an image carrier and a transfer material is passed between the two to transfer the toner image on the image carrier to the transfer material, the hardness of the transfer roller is set to 30 °. (JIS A) or less, and the pressing force to the image carrier is set to 300 gr / cm 2 or less, so that the transfer roller can be cleaned with a low bias without any special cleaning means.
（３）発明の効果 以上の説明から判るように、本発明によるときは、像
担持体に圧接す転写ローラをそなえた画像形成装置にお
いて、付帯的手段を使用することないので転写ローラを
損傷することがなく、しかも低いバイアスで、長期にわ
たって安定的に裏汚れのない良質の画像を得ることがで
きる。また、転写ローラの表面に弾性スポンジ層を設け
た場合、弾性ソリッド層を設けた場合に比べてローラ表
面の微小部分の硬度が小さくなるため、より一層転写ロ
ーラのクリーニング効果がある。(3) Effects of the Invention As can be seen from the above description, according to the present invention, in an image forming apparatus having a transfer roller that is in pressure contact with the image carrier, the transfer roller is damaged because no additional means is used. A high-quality image without back stains can be stably obtained over a long period of time with no low bias. Further, when the elastic sponge layer is provided on the surface of the transfer roller, the hardness of the minute portion on the roller surface is smaller than when the elastic solid layer is provided, so that the transfer roller can be more effectively cleaned.
第１図は本発明の実施例を示す画像形成装置の要部側面
図、 第２図は転写ローラの当接圧とクリーニング効率との関
係を示すグラフ、 第3A図ないし第3c図は、夫々本発明に使用できる転写ロ
ーラの構成を示す断面図である。 １……像担持体、２……転写ローラ、３……バイアス電
源。FIG. 1 is a side view of a main part of an image forming apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a graph showing a relationship between a contact pressure of a transfer roller and cleaning efficiency, and FIGS. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of a transfer roller that can be used in the present invention. 1. Image carrier 2, Transfer roller 3, Bias power supply
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 木須 浩樹 東京都大田区下丸子３丁目30番２号 キ ャノン株式会社内 (72)発明者 友行 洋二 東京都大田区下丸子３丁目30番２号 キ ャノン株式会社内 (72)発明者 宮本 敏男 東京都大田区下丸子３丁目30番２号 キ ャノン株式会社内 (56)参考文献 特開 昭61−226773（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭64−6988（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭51−9840（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭50−22640（ＪＰ，Ａ) ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing from the front page (72) Inventor Hiroki Kisu 3-30-2 Shimomaruko, Ota-ku, Tokyo Inside Canon Inc. (72) Inventor Yoji Tomoyuki 3-30-2 Shimomaruko, Ota-ku, Tokyo Inside Canon Inc. (72) Inventor Toshio Miyamoto 3-30-2 Shimomaruko, Ota-ku, Tokyo Canon Inc. (56) References JP-A-61-226773 (JP, A) JP-A-64-6988 ( JP, A) JP-A-51-9840 (JP, A) JP-A-50-22640 (JP, A)
Claims (1)
ローラとを有し、前記像担持体と前記転写ローラとの間
に転写材を搬送して前記像担持体上のトナー像を転写材
に転写し、前記像担持体と前記転写ローラとの間に転写
材がないときにトナーを前記転写ローラから前記像担持
体に転移させる電界を形成する画像形成装置において、 前記転写ローラの表面に弾性スポンジ層を設け、前記転
写ローラの硬度を30゜（JIS Ａ）以下とするととも
に、前記転写ローラの前記像担持体への圧接力を300gr/
cm2以下とすることを特徴とする画像形成装置。An image carrier, and a transfer roller pressed against the image carrier. A transfer material is conveyed between the image carrier and the transfer roller to transfer a toner image on the image carrier. An image forming apparatus for forming an electric field that transfers toner from the transfer roller to the image carrier when there is no transfer material between the image carrier and the transfer roller. An elastic sponge layer is provided on the surface of the transfer roller, the hardness of the transfer roller is set to 30 mm (JIS A) or less, and the pressing force of the transfer roller against the image carrier is 300 gr /
An image forming apparatus having a size of cm 2 or less.
Priority Applications (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP33648587A JP2652180B2 (en) | 1987-12-28 | 1987-12-28 | Image forming device |
| CN88105828A CN1038277C (en) | 1987-12-28 | 1988-12-27 | Imaging device |
| EP88312361A EP0323226B1 (en) | 1987-12-28 | 1988-12-28 | An image forming apparatus |
| DE3854467T DE3854467T2 (en) | 1987-12-28 | 1988-12-28 | Imaging device. |
| KR1019880017689A KR920009350B1 (en) | 1987-12-28 | 1988-12-28 | Image forming apparatus |
| US07/789,547 US5132738A (en) | 1987-12-28 | 1991-11-08 | Image forming apparatus with cleaning mechanism for charging electrode |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP33648587A JP2652180B2 (en) | 1987-12-28 | 1987-12-28 | Image forming device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01177063A JPH01177063A (en) | 1989-07-13 |
| JP2652180B2 true JP2652180B2 (en) | 1997-09-10 |
Family
ID=18299619
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP33648587A Expired - Lifetime JP2652180B2 (en) | 1987-12-28 | 1987-12-28 | Image forming device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2652180B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003098770A (en) * | 2001-09-25 | 2003-04-04 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Image forming method and image forming apparatus |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2859651B2 (en) * | 1989-07-28 | 1999-02-17 | キヤノン株式会社 | Image forming method |
| JP2001051465A (en) | 1999-08-11 | 2001-02-23 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Method for forming full color image, toner for full color electrophotography, manufacture thereof, and intermediate transfer body to be adopted for the full color image forming method |
| JP2003149950A (en) | 2001-11-09 | 2003-05-21 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | Image forming device |
-
1987
- 1987-12-28 JP JP33648587A patent/JP2652180B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003098770A (en) * | 2001-09-25 | 2003-04-04 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Image forming method and image forming apparatus |
| JP4497771B2 (en) * | 2001-09-25 | 2010-07-07 | 株式会社リコー | Image forming method and image forming apparatus |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH01177063A (en) | 1989-07-13 |
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