JP2651829B2 - Bucket elevator continuous unloader - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a bucket elevator type continuous unloader.

[Conventional technology and its problems] In general, a crane that unloads bulk materials such as coal, ore, and shells at a wharf with high efficiency is called an unloader. It consists of a club bucket.

However, recently, bucket elevators have been used instead of club buckets in order to improve the carry-out efficiency.

This bucket elevator continuous unloader has the following problems. That is, during the cargo handling of loose objects at the bottom of the ship, that is, during the work of raising the bottom, the bottom that moves up and down and the rake side of the bucket elevator may collide, and the bottom and the bucket may be damaged. When working,
Since a leftover portion is generated, it is necessary to introduce, for example, a bulldozer into a hold, collect loose pieces, and carry it out by a bucket elevator.

Therefore, there has been a long demand for solving such a problem, and various proposals have been made.

For example, in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open Publication No. Sho 62-108339, a bucket chain is stretched horizontally in an excavation section and the entire bucket elevator is placed on a side surface of a bucket (in FIG. 1 showing an embodiment of the present invention, a direction orthogonal to a sheet of paper). , The same applies to the following), while excavating loose objects in the hold, using the normal side excavation method, and excavating loose objects on the bottom of the ship,
The bat chain can be used in a catenary state (slack state) to absorb the shock caused by the vertical movement of the bottom of the ship, and the catenary bottom roughing method for excavating the bottom of the ship to clean up loose objects can be used as appropriate. In the bucket elevator type continuous unloader, a front sprocket is attached to the tip of a swing arm, and the swing of the swing arm allows the bucket chain to be stretched horizontally or formed in a catenary shape. A bucket elevator type continuous unloader has been proposed in which a guide frame is provided which can be inserted from below, a bucket chain is inserted into the guide frame, and the guide frame receives a lateral force applied to the bucket.

However, in such a proposal, when working with a normal lateral excavation method, the guide frame only receives the lateral force applied to the bucket. It is not flat, and therefore, unloading is not stable especially with a large unloader having a large excavation width. Therefore, in addition to the rigidity of tension for pulling a large number of buckets made of loose objects, the bucket chain must be provided with rigidity for extending the excavated portion horizontally. This is not preferable especially for an unloader having a cantilevered boom.

In addition to this, even when working on the catenary bottom, excavation starts from the bucket near the position of the front sprocket attached to the tip of the swing arm, so that sufficient sag (the amount of sagging due to the weight of the bucket chain itself) is sufficient. ) Is not obtained, and there is a risk of impact due to vertical movement of the ship bottom.

In Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Sho 59-78012, a guide rail is provided on a lever member provided at the lower end of a bucket elevator, and the guide roller is engaged with the guide rail to guide the rail, thereby preventing the bucket from swaying. Bucket elevator type continuous unloader has been proposed.

Since the unloader receives the vertical and lateral forces applied to the bucket by the guide rails via the rollers during normal side excavation, excessive tension is not applied to the bucket chain.

However, since the bucket chain cannot be formed into a catenary shape at the time of the bottom lifting operation, the lifting of the bucket due to the swing of the ship is absorbed by the rise of the scraping portion. However, since the bucket collides with the bottom of the ship to raise the scraping portion, the impact at that time may damage the bucket and the bottom of the ship.

Means for Solving the Problems Accordingly, the present invention was created in an attempt to solve the problems of the prior art, and the gist of the present invention is to provide a lower front sprocket and a lower rear sprocket, and An endless bucket chain is wound around an upper sprocket provided above the rear sprocket to form an L-shape in a side view, and the bucket chain is provided with a number of buckets. A horizontal digging section frame supporting the front sprocket and the rear sprocket, and having a horizontal rail having substantially the same length as the axial distance between the sprockets, a cylinder for vertically moving the horizontal digging section frame, and an upper surface of each bucket And the horizontal rail,
A substantially parallel guide surface that guides the roller by sandwiching the roller from above and below, and a divergent guide opening provided at both ends thereof are formed, and the guide surface follows a horizontal movement locus of the roller when the bucket chain is tensioned. It is formed along.

[Examples] The configuration of the present invention will be described in detail together with the operation, with reference to examples shown in the accompanying drawings. 1 (A) and 1 (B) are a first embodiment of the present invention, which is an overall conceptual diagram showing two aspects, and FIG. 2 is a main part diagram of FIG. 1, showing a side excavation method. Fig. 3, fourth
Fig. 6 and Fig. 6 are operating state diagrams, Fig. 5 is a main part diagram of Fig. 1, showing a catenary bottom roughing method, Fig. 7 is a view taken along arrows A to A of Fig. 2, and Fig. 8 is FIG. 9 is another operation state diagram of FIG.
The figure corresponds to FIG. 7 in the second embodiment, and FIG. 10 shows the third embodiment. These embodiments are bucket elevator type continuous unloaders mounted on the tip of a cantilevered boom suitable for unloading bulk materials in a hold, and the unloader is mounted on the ship bottom side in the front-rear direction (in FIG. 1, Axle spacing of sprockets arranged in the horizontal direction (the same applies hereinafter), that is, the excavation width
It is as large as 6.5m.

1 (A), (B), FIG. 2 and FIG.
In the figure, 1 is a bucket, 2 is a roller, and bucket 1
Are mounted on a pair of brackets 3 provided on both sides of the upper surface of the. As shown in FIG. 7, the roller 2 has upper and lower inclined surfaces 2A and 2B formed at both ends of the peripheral surface of the roller 2, and has a shape of a Soloban ball. Reference numeral 4 denotes a rail which is horizontal in the front-rear direction. The horizontal rail 4 has a length substantially equal to the axial distance between the front and rear sprockets, is at least short, and is provided with horizontal rolling Each is provided in accordance with the transition locus.

Reference numeral 5 denotes a bucket chain, to which the bucket 1 is immovably fixed to one chain link via a bracket 3. 6A is a front sprocket, which is supported at the front end (left end in FIG. 1) of the horizontal excavation part frame 10. 6B is a rear sprocket, which is supported at the rear end of the horizontal excavation section frame 10.

As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, a sprocket 6C is fixed above the rear sprocket 6B.
6A, 6B and 6C are arranged in an L-shape in a side view. Reference numeral 7 denotes a hydraulic cylinder. The sliding portion 9 is guided by a hydraulic cylinder 7 to a vertical frame 7A suspended from a tip of a parallel link boom 20 of an unloader, so that the horizontal excavating portion frame 10 is moved up and down. . 8 denotes a ship bottom, 11 denotes a loose object, and 21 denotes a guide roller.

Here, a concave groove having parallel guide surfaces 4A and 4B for engaging the upper and lower inclined surfaces 2A and 2B of the roller 2 is formed in the horizontal rail 4 along the longitudinal direction. And guideway 4
The grooves A and 4B are formed along the horizontal movement locus of the rollers when the bucket chain 5 is tensioned.

The lower end of the horizontal rail 4 is also provided on the upper inclined surface 2A of the roller 2.
The guide surface 4C for rolling is formed. This guideway 4C
May be a horizontal one in which the upper horizontal end face of the roller 2 contacts as shown in FIG. In addition, the front and rear ends (left and right ends in FIG. 1) of the horizontal rail 4
A guide opening 4D is formed so that the guide surfaces 4A and 4B move away from each other (extend) toward the end of the horizontal rail 4 (see FIG. 5).

Since the present embodiment has the above configuration, the operation is as follows. That is, when the work is performed by the normal lateral excavation, as shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2, the bucket 1 is guided while the rollers 2 are guided by the concave grooves of the horizontal rail 4 which is horizontal in the front-rear direction. It excavates while rotating and moving in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the paper in FIG. At this time, the lateral (left-right direction in FIG. 7) force acting on the bucket 1 is:
The horizontal rail 4 receives the vertical force acting on the bucket 1. Therefore,
The bucket 1 excavates while being suspended on the horizontal rail 4, and in this state, the bucket chain 5 simply
It may be of a steel type that only pulls. As a result, since the excavation surface by the bucket 1 is kept flat, the cargo handling is stabilized, and the unloading work can be performed efficiently.

Next, in order to reduce the number of loose objects 11 in the hold and to switch to the catenary flooring operation, the following is performed.

That is, the rotation of the bucket chain 5 is stopped, and the horizontal excavation unit frame 10 is lifted by the contraction of the hydraulic cylinder 7. As a result, since the position of the sprocket 6C does not change, the heights of the sprockets 6B and 6C are reduced, and the bucket chain 5 sags above and below the front sprocket 6A as shown in FIG. Therefore, as shown in FIG.
When the bucket chain 5 is rotated, the subsequent roller 2 moves without engaging with the concave groove of the horizontal rail 4, that is, without engaging with the guide surfaces 4A and 4B, and finally, the bucket chain 5 is moved as shown in FIG. A catenary state can be formed.

Then, in this catenary state, the bucket 1
When the bucket chain 5 is rotated while contacting the bottom, the bottom can be excavated and the cleanup can be performed. At this time, the vertical movement of the ship bottom 8 is not absorbed by the sag of the bucket chain 5 and the bucket 1 and the ship bottom 8 are not damaged.

Next, when returning from the catenary state shown in FIG. 5 to the normal side excavation method, the rotation of the bucket chain 5 is stopped again, and the extension of the hydraulic cylinder 7 causes the horizontal excavation unit frame to return.
As the effect of lowering 10 makes the bucket chain 5 tense,
Therefore, as shown in FIG.
And the upper surface inclined portion 2A of the roller 2 are brought into contact with each other. Then
When the bucket chain 5 is rotated, as shown in FIG. 6, the rollers 2 are scooped in order from the guide opening 4D at the front end of the horizontal rail 4 on the front sprocket 6A side, and a normal side excavation method is performed. It will return.

In addition, the roller of the present invention is not necessarily a Soloban ball shape. In short, the roller and the rail can guide the transition of the bucket, receive the vertical force, and receive the lateral force acting on the bucket. Any shape is acceptable.

Further, in the above embodiment, the horizontal rail 4 is formed on the outer surface of the horizontal excavation part frame 10, but as shown in FIGS. May be formed. In the example of FIG. 10, it goes without saying that the roller diameter is formed slightly smaller than the distance between the two guide grooves.

[Effects of the Invention] According to the present invention, during lateral excavation work, the bucket travels while being guided by the guide surface of the horizontal rail via the roller, so that the vertical and lateral forces acting on the bucket to be excavated are reduced by the roller. And the bucket chain does not need to be as rigid as in the prior art, and therefore does not become heavy since the bucket chain only needs to be pulled.

To switch from the normal side excavation method to the catenary bottom roughing method or the reverse method, move the horizontal rail (that is, the horizontal excavation unit frame) upward or downward by the expansion and contraction of the cylinder, and then move the bucket chain. Is rotated, the rollers are sequentially removed or scooped from the guide surface of the horizontal rail, so that the switching can be made extremely easy.

Furthermore, since the guide openings are formed at both ends of the guide surface, the rollers are sequentially removed from the guide surface,
When scooping, it can be done smoothly without impact. In addition, the sag in the catenary state can be sufficiently obtained, and it is possible to appropriately cope with the vertical movement of the ship bottom.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 (A) and 1 (B) are a first embodiment of the present invention, which is an overall conceptual diagram showing two aspects, and FIG. 2 is a main part diagram of FIG. 1, showing a side excavation method. 3, 4, and 6 are operating state diagrams, FIG. 5 is a main part diagram of FIG. 1, and shows a catenary bottom roughing system, and FIG. 7 is a view taken along arrows A to A in FIG. , FIG. 8 is another operation state diagram of FIG. 7, and FIG.
FIG. 10 shows the embodiment of FIG. 1. Bucket 2. Roller 4. Horizontal rail 5. Bucket chain 6A, 6B, 6C Sprocket 10 Horizontal excavation frame

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] An endless bucket chain is wound around a lower front sprocket, a lower rear sprocket, and an upper rocket provided above the rear sprocket to form an L-shape in a side view. In a bucket elevator type continuous unloader provided with a number of buckets in a bucket chain, a horizontal excavation unit frame supporting the front sprocket and the rear sprocket, and including a horizontal rail having substantially the same length as the axial interval of these sprockets, A cylinder for vertically moving the horizontal excavation unit frame, and rollers provided on the upper surface of each of the buckets. The horizontal rail has a substantially parallel guide surface that guides the roller by sandwiching the roller from above and below. A divergent guide opening provided in the portion is formed, and the guide surface is provided with the row when the bucket chain is tensioned. Bucket elevator type continuous unloader, characterized in that it is formed along the horizontal movement passed away the.