JP2519595Y2 - Supercharger thrust bearing structure - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a thrust bearing structure for a supercharger, which is capable of increasing load capacity, simplifying a sealing structure, and stabilizing rotation, and is provided with a radial bearing. It is widely applicable to superchargers.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The bearing structure of a supercharger can be roughly classified into a slide bearing type and a rolling bearing type. When a slide bearing is used, a radial bearing and a thrust bearing are provided. In the case of a supercharger for an automobile, for example, the structure is as shown in FIG. In this supercharger 1, the supercharger 1 itself is divided into three vehicle compartments 2,
3 and 4, the turbine impeller 6 is arranged at one end of the turbine shaft 5 inside the turbine casing 2, and the compressor impeller 7 is arranged at the other end of the turbine shaft 5 inside the compressor casing 4 at the center. An overhang structure is provided in which the bearing portion 8 is provided in the bearing casing 3 of the portion.

As the bearing portion 8 of the bearing casing 3, two journal bearings 9 and 10 are arranged on the turbine side and the compressor side, and a thrust bearing 11 is provided on the compressor side having a lower temperature. Of these two journal bearings 9, 10, one journal bearing 9 on the turbine side
Both ends of which are pressed by retaining rings (retaining rings) 12 attached to the bearing casing 3, and the compressor-side journal bearing 10 has its turbine-side ends pressed by retaining rings (retaining rings) 12, The end on the side is pressed by a thrust bush 13 attached to the turbine shaft 5.

Further, as the thrust bearing 11, a thrust bush 13, an oil pan 14, and a compressor impeller 7 are sequentially fitted to the turbine shaft 5 and tightened with a nut 15, and a side surface 13a of the thrust bush 13 on the compressor side is fixed. A normal thrust (thrust in the direction in which the turbine shaft 5 tends to move to the compressor) bearing surface, and the turbine-side side surface of the oil scraper 14 is anti-thrust (thrust in the direction in which the turbine shaft 5 tends to move to the turbine). The bearing surface. A thrust bearing 11 having pad surfaces on both sides is mounted between the positive thrust bearing surface and the anti-thrust bearing surface.

The journal bearing 9 of the bearing portion 8 as described above,
10 and the thrust bearing 11 need to be lubricated, an oil supply port 16 is formed in the bearing casing 3, and lubricating oil is supplied to each of the bearings 9 to 11 by an oil passage 17, and an oil drain hole 18 in the bearing casing 3 is provided. And it collects outside the supercharger 1 from the oil discharge port 19. In such a supercharger 1, the bearing portion 8
An oil seal structure is provided because it is necessary to seal the lubricating oil for lubricating the engine. However, if the oil seal on the compressor side is not perfect, the lubricating oil will mix into the intake air.

Therefore, as the oil seal structure 20 on the compressor side, the oil pan 1 fitted to the turbine shaft 5 is used.
4 are formed with two grooves on the outer circumference thereof, and the large and small piston rings 21 and 22 are mounted on these two grooves, while the seal plate 23 is fixedly installed in the bearing casing 3 and the inner peripheral surface of the seal plate 23 is fixed. The piston rings 21 and 22 are brought into sliding contact with each other. According to such a seal structure 20, first, the inner piston ring 21 is used to seal the leaked oil from the hollow portion 24 of the seal plate 23 to the bearing casing 3.
The lubricating oil is prevented from being mixed into the compressor side by returning the oil to the oil drain port 19 and sealing with the outer piston ring 22. In addition, there is an oil-deflector type (actual application No. 31462 of Heisei 2), but if the positive thrust force is large, the amount of oil supplied to the thrust bearing must be greatly increased, and A large amount of oil flowed in and was easy to leak.

[0007]

However, in such a supercharger 1 during normal operation, most of the positive thrust acts on the thrust bearing 11, so the positive thrust side of the thrust bearing 11 becomes the load side and the anti-thrust Side is the non-load side and the positive thrust side pad surface and thrust bush 13
The gap between the positive thrust bearing surface 13a and the positive thrust bearing surface 13a is reduced, and at the same time, the pad surface 11 of the thrust bearing 11 opposite to the thrust side
The gap between b and the anti-thrust bearing surface of the oil cutout 14 increases, and a large amount of lubricating oil flows to the anti-thrust side of the oil passage 17 where the resistance is low. In order to increase the amount, there is a problem that a large amount of lubricating oil must be supplied in consideration of the amount of lubricating oil flowing to the non-load side according to the amount of lubricating oil required on the load side. If a large amount of lubricating oil is supplied to increase the load capacity, the amount of oil that must be sealed by the oil seal structure 20 increases, increasing the possibility of oil leakage to the compressor side, and There is a problem that the seal structure 20 itself has to be a complicated structure such as a seal plate 23 having two piston rings 21 and 22 and two ring grooves. Furthermore, the ends of the journal bearing 10 of the compressor side, literals over training across the same manner as the journal bearing 9 of the original turbine side ring 1
It is desirable to dispose 2 so that the bearing can rotate stably, but in order to lengthen the bearing span and make the supercharger 1 itself compact, it is pressed by the side surface of the thrust bush 13. By journal bearing 10
There is also a problem that the relative rotation between the thrust bush 13 and the thrust bush 13 causes the journal bearing 10 to be twisted and the rotation of the supercharger 1 becomes unstable.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems of the prior art. The load capacity can be increased by supplying a small amount of lubricating oil, the oil seal structure can be simplified, and the rotation can be stabilized. It is intended to provide a thrust bearing structure for a supercharger.

[0009]

In order to solve the above problems, the thrust bearing structure of a supercharger of the present invention has a thrust bush mounted on the turbine shaft of the supercharger and receives a thrust force through the thrust bush. Thrust thrust bearing
It is divided into a thrust bearing and an anti-thrust bearing.
Together we are opposed to install a positive thrust bearing positive thrust-only on one side of the strike bushing, while forming a dedicated oil passage for supplying lubricating oil to the pad surface of the positive thrust bearing to the positive thrust bearing, the thrust bush It is characterized in that an anti-thrust bearing dedicated to the anti-thrust is installed so as to face the other side and also serves as a retaining ring of the journal bearing.

[0010]

According to the thrust bearing structure of this supercharger, the functions of the thrust bearing are separated into the positive thrust bearing and the anti-thrust bearing, the positive thrust bearing is opposed to one side of the thrust bush, and the thrust bearing is exclusively used for the positive thrust bearing. Lubricating oil is supplied by an oil passage so that leakage on the load side can be eliminated and load capacity can be increased with less lubricating oil, and the possibility of oil leakage on the compressor side is reduced. . In addition, the anti-thrust bearing is arranged so as to face the other side of the thrust bush, and this is also used as a retaining ring for the journal bearing. It enables stable rotation.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 are an enlarged sectional view and a sectional view of an entire main portion according to an embodiment of a thrust bearing structure of a supercharger of the present invention. The same parts as those of the supercharger and the oil seal structure thereof described in FIG. 3 are designated by the same reference numerals. In the thrust bearing structure 30 of this supercharger,
A positive thrust bearing 31 for supporting the positive thrust (thrust in the direction in which the turbine shaft 5 tends to move to the compressor side), and an anti-thrust (turbine shaft 5
Is separately provided so as to oppose both side surfaces of the thrust bush 13 with a function separated from the anti-thrust bearing 32 for supporting the thrust in the direction of moving toward the turbine side.

The positive thrust bearing 31 is arranged between the thrust bush 13 fitted on the compressor side of the turbine shaft 5 and the oil scraper 33.
The pad surface 31a is formed only on one side facing the side (bearing surface) on the compressor side. The positive thrust bearing 31 has an oil passage 17 for lubricating oil in the bearing casing 3.
A dedicated oil passage 34 that communicates with is formed so as to open only on the pad surface 31a. Therefore, all of the lubricating oil supplied to the positive thrust bearing 31 via the oil passage 17 and the dedicated oil passage 34 is supplied to the pad surface 31a to which the thrust load is applied, and flows out into the gap on the non-load side as in the conventional case. Absent.

The anti-thrust bearing 32 is mounted in the bearing casing 3 so as to face the side surface of the thrust bush 13 fitted to the turbine shaft 5 on the turbine side, and the thrust bush 13 is sandwiched between the anti-thrust bearing 32 and the positive thrust bearing 31. It is arranged to face each other. This anti-thrust bearing 32 has a pad surface 32a formed only on one side facing the side of the thrust bush 13 on the turbine side, and the other side 32b of the anti-thrust bearing 32 is a retaining ring for pressing the end of the journal bearing 10 on the compressor side. It is also used as. The anti-thrust bearing 32 rarely enters a load state in which anti-thrust occurs during the operation of the supercharger 1, and since the load itself due to the anti-thrust is small, the journal bearing 10 is forcibly lubricated without being forcedly lubricated. It is lubricated by the later lubricating oil.

As described above, the thrust bearing is separately installed in the positive thrust bearing 31 and the anti-thrust bearing 32, and only the positive thrust bearing 31 is forcibly lubricated and the pad surface 31 is provided.
Since the lubricating oil is supplied only to “a”, the positive thrust bearing 31 is lubricated, and at the same time, a large amount of lubricating oil does not leak to the oil pan 33 side, and the compressor side oil seal structure is simplified. . The total amount of oil is greatly reduced and the oil pump capacity of the engine is small, and because the amount of oil supply is small, the oil discharge space 8 of the bearing casing 3 is not filled with oil, and as a result, the oil seal on the turbine side is reduced. Performance is also improved.

In this oil seal structure 35, a flange portion 33a is formed at the turbine-side end of the oil cutout 33 fitted on the compressor side of the turbine shaft 5, and one ring groove 33b is formed at the outer peripheral portion on the compressor side. Has been formed. The side surface on the compressor side of the flange portion 33a of the oil scraper 33 is the joint surface 3a on the compressor vehicle room 4 side of the bearing vehicle room 3.
It is formed to be slightly inside. An oil defender plate 36 is provided on the compressor side of the flange 33a of the oil cutout 33, and guides the lubricating oil after lubricating the positive thrust bearing 31 to the oil discharge port 19. The oil defender plate 36 is, for example, a thin plate formed in a disk shape, and the outer diameter thereof is set to a size corresponding to the outer periphery of the joint surface 3a of the bearing casing 3 on the compressor casing 4 side. It is made to function and a center hole is formed in the center of which the oil cutout 33 is inserted with a slight gap, and a U-shaped notch is formed in the lower part and the guide part 36a and the oil return of the folded up oil are formed. Mouth 3
6b is formed.

A seal plate 37 is fitted on the outer side of the oil defender plate 36 so that the inner peripheral portion of the seal plate 37 comes into sliding contact with the piston ring 38 mounted in the ring groove 33b of the oil cutout 33. Has become. Further, in the supercharger 1, the compressor casing 4 is fitted and connected to the outer peripheral portion of the seal plate 36, and the oil defender plate 36 and the compressor casing 4 are provided between the bearing casing 3 and the compressor casing 4. The seal plate 37 is sandwiched and sealed with a liquid gasket or the like. Regarding the oil seal structure on the turbine side, a piston ring 38 is attached to the turbine shaft 5 so as to seal with the bearing casing 3. Further, since the structure of the bearing portion 8 itself is the same as the structure described in FIG. 3, the description thereof will be omitted.

In the thrust bearing structure 30 of the supercharger constructed as described above, the normal thrust state is almost achieved in the normal operation state of the supercharger 1, and the pad surface 31a of the positive thrust bearing 31 and the compressor side of the thrust bush 13 are provided. Side supports thrust load.

In this normal thrust state, the lubricating oil is supplied to the pad surface 31a of the normal thrust bearing 31 via the oil passage 17 and the dedicated oil passage 34, and all of the lubricating oil is supplied to the pad surface 31a to which the thrust load is applied. As a result, a sufficient oil film can be formed, a large amount of lubricating oil does not flow into the gap on the non-load side as in the conventional case, and the load capacity can be increased with a small amount of lubricating oil. Further, conventionally, a fluctuation in oil supply to the thrust bearing occurs every time the thrust load changes, but this does not occur, and stable oil supply to the journal bearing is performed.

Further, the amount of lubricating oil leaking from the positive thrust bearing 31 is small, and the lubricating oil after lubricating the positive thrust bearing 31 by the oil defender plate 36 is guided to the oil discharge port 19 so that the oil leaks to the compressor side. Since the lubricating oil that could not be sealed by the oil defender plate 36 is sealed by the seal plate 37 and the piston ring 38, it is possible to prevent the lubricating oil from leaking to the compressor side. Therefore, the oil seal is attached to the oil pan 33,
It can be composed of the oil defender plate 36, the seal plate 37, one piston ring 38, etc., and the oil seal structure can be simpler and cheaper than the conventional one.

Further, the pad surface 3 of the anti-thrust bearing 32
2a is opposed to the side surface of the thrust bush 13 on the turbine side to support the anti-thrust load, and the other side surface 32b of the anti-thrust bearing 32 also serves as a retaining ring of the journal bearing 10. ,
The opposite thrust load can be supported, and the conventional rotating force of the journal bearing 10 and the thrust bush 13 is eliminated, so that the rotation of the journal bearing 10 is prevented from becoming unstable and the stable rotation is ensured. it can.

Further, since the oil defender plate 36 is sandwiched over the entire circumference of the joint surface 3a of the bearing casing 3, it can also serve as a gasket, and a gap is formed between the bearing casing 3 and the seal plate 37. It can be completely adhered without being formed, and the passenger compartments 3 and 4 can be easily sealed without providing a special sealing structure such as an O-ring and a ring groove.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, the supercharger for an automobile is described as an example, but the present invention is not limited to this and can be widely applied to superchargers using other journal bearings and thrust bearings.

Further, each component may be modified within the scope of the invention.

[0024]

According to the thrust bearing structure of the supercharger of the present invention, as described above in detail with reference to the embodiment, the function of the thrust bearing is separated into the positive thrust bearing and the anti-thrust bearing, and the thrust bushing is separated. Since the positive thrust bearing is faced to one side and the lubricating oil is supplied to the positive thrust bearing by a dedicated oil passage, leakage on the load side can be eliminated and the load capacity can be increased with less lubricating oil. Moreover, the possibility of oil leakage to the compressor side can be reduced and the sealing performance can be improved. In addition, the anti-thrust bearing is arranged so as to face the other side of the thrust bush, and it is also used as a retaining ring for the journal bearing.Therefore, press the end surface of the journal bearing in the state without relative rotation, The rotation of can be stabilized.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part according to an embodiment of a thrust bearing structure of a supercharger of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an overall sectional view of an embodiment of a thrust bearing structure for a supercharger of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a structure of a conventional supercharger.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Supercharger 2 Turbine casing 3 Bearing casing 4 Compressor casing 5 Turbine shaft 6 Turbine impeller 7 Compressor impeller 8 Bearing part 9 Journal bearing 10 Journal bearing 13 Thrust bush 30 Thrust bearing structure 31 Super thrust bearing 31a Pad surface 32 Anti-thrust bearing (retaining ring) 32a Pad surface 32b Other side surface 33 Oil drainer 34 Exclusive oil passage 35 Oil seal structure 36 Oil defender plate 37 Seal plate 38 Piston ring

Claims (1)

(57) [Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A thrust bush is attached to a turbine shaft of a supercharger, and thrust force is applied through the thrust bush.
The thrust bearing to receive is a positive thrust bearing and an anti-thrust bearing.
The positive thrust bearing dedicated to the positive thrust is installed facing one side surface of the thrust bush , and a dedicated oil passage for supplying lubricating oil to the positive thrust bearing pad surface is provided in the positive thrust bearing. On the other hand, the thrust bearing structure of the supercharger is characterized in that an anti-thrust bearing dedicated to the anti-thrust is installed so as to face the other side surface of the thrust bush while also being used as a retaining ring of the journal bearing.