JP2516807B2 - Plant implantation material and its manufacturing method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention provides a well-balanced material to be used as a material for planting potted plants such as ornamental plants, orchids, chrysanthemums, roses, lisianthus, and flowers, or as a soil improving material. The present invention relates to a method for producing a plant implant material having water retention, drainage and fertilizing ability, and an implant material.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, as a material for planting orchids, chrysanthemums, foliage plants and the like, pots of water, hadroculture, Kanuma soil, pumice stone, etc. have been used. In addition, although compost, green manure, etc. are used as soil conditioners, they do not have immediate effects, and soil is improved by continuing for a long period of time, and yield and quality are improved. is there.

The flesh layer of coconut has excellent properties as a raw material for implant materials. The present inventor has proposed in Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 63-52848 a plant implanting material made from the flesh of coconut, which is used as a potting material and as a soil conditioner. This planting material is an excellent planting material which is not easily spoiled because the pulp of squeezed palms repeatedly expands and contracts according to the amount of water, has excellent heat retention, water retention and fertilizing ability, and is free from pathogenic bacteria. . Also, in JP-A-60-120918, a medium for raising seedlings containing a powder and fibers obtained from the pulp layer of palm was proposed.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

Recently, there has been a demand for a plant-implanting material capable of obtaining higher quality plants in a short period of time with a high yield and enhancing soil fertility. The invention of Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 60-120918 is excellent in the planting and survival of young shoots, but the water retention and fertilizing power of grown plants were not sufficient. Further, the implanting material disclosed in Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 63-52848 has some difficulty in drainage, and drainage is enhanced by containing an appropriate amount of fibers.

Also in the manufacturing process, since the flesh of the palm is divided into 3 to 4 pieces, squeezed, and then cut using a cutting machine, the obtained implant material does not contain fibers,
An implant material containing fibers could not be obtained all at once.

The present invention provides a method with good workability, which is capable of producing a plant-implanting material in which water-holding and fertilizing power is well balanced with breathability and drainage at once.

[Means for solving problems]

The present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, and its configuration is a cutting machine having a sieve at the bottom and a rotary blade, and the sieve has a blade edge when the tip of the rotary blade passes downward. The cutting machine provided with a through hole having a diameter of 1 to 6 cm, which is arranged at a slight interval, presses the flesh of the coconut of the palm almost at right angles to the direction of fiber arrangement, and supplies a dried mass. The tip speed is 100-600 m / min, and the tip has a diameter of 5 mm or more.
Characterized by containing fibers 0.5 to 5 cm in length, further
A chip with a diameter of 5 mm or more in which the flesh of the palm fruit obtained by this method is pressed almost at right angles to the array direction of the fibers,
It is a plant implantation material consisting of 0.5-5 cm long fibers and powder.

In the present invention, the flesh portion of the coconut is the flesh portion and the peel of the remaining portion obtained by removing the seed and the seed shell from the coconut. The portion called the seed shell is a portion close to the seed, which is dense and serves as a raw material for the activated carbon. Although it may be mixed, it is not a preferable portion. Since the skin is thin, it does not need to be removed, and the most preferred site is the porous pulp.

In the present invention, it is first necessary to press the pulp portion of the palm. The pressing direction is a direction substantially perpendicular to the direction in which the fibers are arranged, and pressing in this direction simply reduces the distance between the fibers and does not apply a force for cutting the fibers. Therefore, it does not have to be an exact right angle, and may be an almost right angle as long as the fibers are not bent or bent. Pressing rate is 1/2 to 1/10
The thickness is restored to some extent when the pressing force is removed.

In the production of the implant material of the present invention, a lump of palm flesh pressed against the fiber at a substantially right angle is used. A cutting machine having a rotary blade is used for cutting. A sieve is provided at the bottom of the cutting machine to continuously collect chips and fibers cut by a rotary blade. The sieve may be provided on the cutting machine itself or separately. A structure in which the blade edge passes over the sieve with a slight gap is desirable.

In this way, the pulp is rubbed against the sieve and the blade edge to loosen and separate the fibers, and the speed of passage through the sieve mesh is improved. The size of the sieve depends on the size of the target chip and the length of the fiber, but is a through hole having a diameter of 1 to 6 cm, preferably 2 to 4 cm. Chips and fibers cut into a size smaller than a predetermined size fall from the through holes and are collected, and the large pulp is cut again by the rotary blade.

The peripheral speed of the rotary blade is important, and the peripheral speed of the cutting edge is 50-60.
It is 0 m / min, preferably 100 to 600 m / min. If it exceeds 600 m / min, everything becomes powder and neither chips nor fibers can be obtained. Also, if it is less than 100 m / min, the discharge capacity of the cut material is extremely reduced, and even if the horsepower of the motor is increased, it cannot be processed efficiently.

The size of the amorphous chip obtained from the pressed pulp part is 5 mm or more in length of the longest diameter, preferably 1 to 5
cm, more preferably 1.5 to 3 cm.

In addition, the implant material of the present invention is required to contain fibers derived from the flesh of palm fruits. Fiber length is 0.5-5
cm, preferably 1-3 cm. If the fibers are too long, the fibers are entangled with each other to form a nodule, which not only does not exhibit the drainage function, but also makes the scrubbing work difficult. Also, 0.5 cm
Shorter fibers have less ability to remove excess water and cannot achieve the object of the present invention. The fibers may be aggregated to some extent or powder may be attached for the convenience of production, but the fibers in the present invention include those judged to be fibers in appearance.

In order to maintain a proper balance between water retention and drainage, it is necessary that the mixing ratio of the chips and the fibers is appropriate. Although depending on the type of plant to be cultivated, 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of the above fiber, preferably 0.3 to 10 parts by weight, per 1 part by weight of the chip.
5 parts by weight, more preferably 0.8 to 2 parts by weight.

[Action]

The present invention, after pressing the pulp of the palm in a direction perpendicular to the fiber, the amorphous chips obtained by cutting, and a plant implant material containing powder derived from the pulp of the fiber and the palm of the palm is produced at once. It is a manufacturing method.

Cutting machines provided with a sieve below a rotary blade are known, but when these cutting machines are used to cut the flesh of palms pressed in the direction perpendicular to the fibers, a crushing powder is formed. Therefore, when the rotation speed is extremely decreased, the irregular chips and fiber fragments remain for the first time at 600 m / min, and at 400 m / min, an implant material containing a sufficient amount of irregular chips and fibers is obtained. Was created.

That is, the present invention succeeds in obtaining a chip of the pulp of a palm cut in a direction perpendicular to the fiber and a mixture of the fiber and the powder all at once by keeping the peripheral speed of the cutting edge proper.

Further, the implant material of the present invention, after pressing the pulp of the palm in a direction perpendicular to the fibers, coexists with the chips and fibers that have been subjected to special processing for cutting, and the volume of the chips due to expansion due to water absorption and contraction due to drying. While repeating changes to prevent soil compaction, fibers promote drainage by capillary action to prevent rooting, promote air supply, and by the synergistic effect of both, soil can be maintained in an ideal state, In particular, high quality high quality plants can be cultivated.

〔Example〕

Example 1 FIG. 1 is a sectional explanatory view of a cutting machine used in this example, and FIG.
The figure is a perspective explanatory view of a screen portion at the bottom.

1 is a rotary shaft, a motor of 30 horsepower (not shown)
Connected with. 2 is a rotary blade, which is directly connected to the rotary shaft 1,
It rotates in the direction of the arrow in FIG. Cutting blade 3 on the rotary blade 2
Were fixed by bolts 4, respectively. 5 is a cutting edge.
Reference numeral 6 is a sieve having a through hole 7 having a diameter of 3 cm, which was fixed with a slight gap provided outside the trajectory drawn by the blade edge 5 rotating.
Reference numeral 8 is a raw material supply port. Reference numeral 9 denotes a product collecting unit, which collects the product composed of the chips and fibers obtained here. The product is discharged intermittently or continuously from the lower part of the screen.

In this example, as a raw material, a lump obtained by dividing the flesh layer obtained by removing seeds and seed husks from a coconut fruit into 3 to 4 pieces and pressing the lumps to about 1/5 at a right angle to the fiber arrangement direction was used. .
When the pressing force was removed, the pulp layer was restored to a thickness of about 1/2.
This raw material was supplied from the supply port 8 and the rotary blade was rotated at 400 RPM. The length of the cutting blade 3 was about 15 cm. Therefore,
The peripheral speed of the cutting edge was about 377 m / min.

The obtained implant material consisted of 40 parts by weight of chips of 0.5 to 3 cm and 40 parts by weight of fibers of 0.5 to 3 cm per 100 parts by weight, and the rest was powder.

An equal amount of water was added to the obtained implant material, and the mixture was allowed to stand overnight for discarding the brown water obtained. Further, an equal amount of water was added, and the mixture was allowed to stand for one day and night, and the supernatant water was discarded and drained. The hollowed-out planting material was scooped into a carnation greenhouse soil in Nagano prefecture at a ratio of 40 / 3.3 m ^{2 to} a depth of 20 cm. About 5 cm of carnation seedlings were transplanted and cultivated in January in this soil.

It was revealed that the soil of the cultivated soil was so soft that even six months after transplanting, it could be inserted into the soil with the bare hands, the balance of drainage and water retention was maintained, and sufficient air was supplied. Flowers were collected twice in June and November, but the flower color was clearer and the stems were firmer than the flowers obtained in the same soil except that the plant material of the present invention was not used. High flowers were obtained.

Further, the implant material of the present invention is unlikely to rot and partly is absorbed as a nutrient, but more than half of it remains in the soil and the effect was exhibited in the following year. Therefore, the following year, a sufficient effect was obtained by adding 1/2 to 1/3 of the previous year.

The implant material of the present invention can also be used as an implant material for pots.

Example 2 Using the same cutting machine as used in Example 1, the rotation speed of the cutting blade was changed as shown in Table 1 to determine the operating state of the cutting machine and the chip content of the obtained cut product. The measurement was performed, and the results are shown in Table 1.

Furthermore, when a more powerful motor was attached and the number of rotations was lowered, the rotary blade did not exhibit a cutting function, and it was torn in the fiber direction and the whole pulp became a momicha, and it could not be used.

From the above results, the peripheral speed of the cutting edge of the rotary blade is 100 to 600 m /
It turns out that being minutes has a very critical significance.

〔The invention's effect〕

According to the present invention, a plant implant material containing chips and fibers obtained from the flesh of a specially treated palm can be manufactured all at once by adjusting the peripheral speed of the tip of a known cutting machine. .

Furthermore, the obtained implant material has an appropriate balance of water retention and drainage properties, and the soil is always soft and high-quality plants can be obtained.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The drawings show one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a sectional explanatory view of a cutting machine, and FIG. 2 is a perspective explanatory view of a sieve portion at the bottom. In the drawings, reference numeral 1 is a rotary shaft, 2 is a rotary blade, 3 is a cutting blade, 5 is a blade edge, 6 is a sieve, 7 is a through hole, and 8 is a supply port.

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A lump obtained by pressing the pulp of a coconut fruit at a right angle to the direction in which the fibers are arranged and drying the lump is provided with a sieve having a through hole having a diameter of 1 to 6 cm at the bottom, and an upper portion of the sieve, When the blade edge passes below, the sieve and the blade edge are supplied to a cutting machine having a rotary blade arranged at a position keeping a slight distance, and the blade edge of the cutting machine is at a peripheral speed of 100 to 600 m / min. A plant implant material obtained by rotating and comprising chips with a diameter of 5 mm or more, and fibers and powder with a length of 0.5 to 5 cm. 2. A lump of dried palm fruit pulp is pressed substantially at right angles to the fiber arrangement direction, and a dried block is provided with a sieve having a through hole having a diameter of 1 to 6 cm at the bottom, and an upper portion of the sieve, When the blade edge passes below, the sieve and the blade edge are supplied to a cutting machine having a rotary blade arranged at a position keeping a slight distance, and the blade edge of the cutting machine is at a peripheral speed of 100 to 600 m / min. A method for producing a plant-implanting material comprising a chip having a diameter of 5 mm or more, which is rotated, and fibers and powder having a length of 0.5 to 5 cm.