JP2571689B2 - Measurement signs - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a measurement marker for optically displaying a moving state of a moving object.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, the purpose of measuring the moving speed, acceleration, rotation speed of a rotating body, rotation speed, vibration frequency of a vibrating body, period, etc. of an object moving in a linear direction is usually used to monitor equipment or monitor equipment. It can be said that it is used as a control element.
The content of the measurement varies depending on the purpose. For example, when considering the rotation of a machine, the measurement of the rotation speed is performed by measuring the average rotation speed of the machine in a steady state as in the case of measuring the power, or by measuring the instantaneous speed to monitor the operating condition of the machine. Continuous measurement of instantaneous speed, such as when continuously measuring the change in speed or the uniformity (synchronism) of two or more machines, and when checking the acceleration and deceleration of machines It is roughly divided into cases. Regarding the instantaneous speed, the measurement of the periodic fluctuation within one rotation during steady operation is performed by a vibrometer.
A counter-type tachometer is mainly used for the first purpose, a tachometer tachometer, a self-recording tachometer, and a synchronous meter (rotational difference indicator) are used in the second case, and the inertia is extremely high in the third case. Few special measurement methods are used. One is particularly required for accuracy, the second for durability, and the third for followability (Mechanical Engineering Handbook, published by the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers).

By the way, the purpose of obtaining the rotation speed signal of the machine as a processing line control element of FA (Factory Automation) is the second case, but this is a function of rotating the movement speed as typically seen in a tachometer tachometer. Are converted to analog and digital values, and a method of generating a light emission sensing function like a strobe method and reading signals from the reflection (reaction) and transmission of a moving object is known. ing.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

However, the former method requires a conversion mechanism, such as a gear or amplifying device, to expand or reduce the measured values, and is affected by the accuracy of the conversion method. There is a disadvantage that it is easy. In addition, when the latter method is used, a light-emitting device is required, and the light source is affected by other light sources.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a measurement marker which forms a pattern specific to the movement amount and movement change of an object by selecting the shape, combination and arrangement of the surface light emitters and the frequency of the light emitter applied voltage.

[Means for solving the problem]

The present invention is characterized in that a combination arrangement of surface illuminator signs forming an optical pattern specific to a moving speed, an acceleration and other moving conditions under a specific frequency of an applied voltage is formed on the surface of the moving body along the moving direction. Is a measurement sign.

[Principle and operation]

In the present invention, the surface light emitter is EL: electroluminescence or EC: electrochromic. EL elements are roughly divided into those based on insulating layers and those based on semiconductor layers.The latter, MIS type EL, which is classified, has a thickness of 1 m / m and can be cut into free shapes for use. it can. According to the surface light emitter, different from point light emission and line light emission, light is emitted in an accurately set area. In addition, light can be emitted with the oscillation frequency set arbitrarily.

In the basic configuration of the present invention, a light-emitting portion of a light-emitting body having an arbitrary size and shape is set, and a non-light-emitting portion having the same area as the light-emitting portion of the light-emitting body is alternately arranged and the combination arrangement is moved. It is used as a marker for measuring an object.

That is, the marker is attached to the surface of the object along the moving direction. Of course, the luminous body is attached to the entire surface of the object,
A combination pattern of a light-emitting portion and a non-light-emitting portion (hereinafter referred to as a static pattern) may be formed by bringing a film that alternately induces a transparent portion and a shielding portion into close contact with the surface.
Examples of the formation of a static pattern of a sign are shown in FIGS. In the figure, the “black” portion indicates a non-light emitting portion, and the “white” portion therebetween indicates a light emitting portion formed by a luminous body. Naturally, the higher the moving speed of the object, the larger the pitch of the static pattern is set. Fig. 1 [5] shows that the object is X
-It is an example of the omnidirectional measurement marker in the case of freely moving on the -Y plane. The light emitting portion of the sign, the area ratio of the non-light emitting portion, and the relationship between the frequency of the applied voltage of the light emitting element and the moving speed of the object, when the sign crossing the front is caught visually or by an optical sensor,
A pattern (dynamic pattern) unique to the moving speed of the object is obtained. When an object moves at a certain speed under a specific frequency and its dynamic pattern becomes stationary, when the moving object is further accelerated, the dynamic pattern advances in the moving direction of the object, and conversely when the object decelerates. FIG. 1 [7] shows an example of a dynamic pattern obtained when the static pattern of the retreating sign is moved at a certain speed. (7a) to (7c) of [7] in FIG. 1 indicate the dynamic patterns obtained by the first [1] to [3] marker patterns, respectively. When a dynamic pattern of a plurality of moving objects is captured by an optical sensor and displayed on a panel as shown in FIG. 1 [8], the moving speed of the moving object is synchronized with the frequency of the voltage applied to the luminous body. When the dynamic pattern is the same as or a multiplication of the dynamic pattern, the dynamic pattern is stationary and +
-When there is a direction deviation, the moving direction of the dynamic pattern,
The shift can be determined at a glance by the moving speed. FIG. 1 [8] shows that the dynamic patterns 4-7 on the matrix are inconsistent.

Using this principle, it is possible to measure the object moving condition including the rotation speed, acceleration, rotation speed, the speed of the linearly moving object, the amplitude of the acceleration oscillator, and the oscillation speed from ultra-high speed to ultra-low speed. .

〔Example〕

 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(Embodiment 1) This embodiment is an example in which the present invention is used for a system for monitoring whether the rotation speed of a rotating body that rotates at a constant speed is correct or not. Fig. 2 [1],
In [2], a marker 2 in which light emitting portions and non-light emitting portions by EL are alternately arranged on the peripheral surface of the rotating body 1 is attached.
The image receiver 3 is installed at a fixed position in such a manner as to face. When a frequency that is cycled with the rotation speed of the rotating body 1 is set and a voltage is applied to EL, a dynamic pattern P that is stationary when the rotating body 1 is rotating at a constant speed is obtained. This dynamic pattern P is
Of the dynamic pattern P is projected on a screen 7 of a centralized control panel through an optical fiber 5 to an imager 6 in a central monitoring room. By displaying simultaneously the images of the dynamic pattern P obtained on each of the two or more rotating bodies on the screen 7, there is an incorrect rotating body deviated from the constant-speed rotation with respect to the still image of the dynamic pattern P. Sometimes, it can be found at a glance from the movement P 'of the image, and the degree of fraud can be determined from the state of the image. According to this embodiment, the present invention can be applied to monitoring of the rotation speed of any rotating body such as a blower, an electric motor, a machine tool, and a turntable.

(Embodiment 2) This embodiment is an example in which the present invention is used for a monitoring system for a reciprocating moving object. In FIG. 3, the sign 2 is attached to the side surface of the moving body 8, and the image receiver 3 is installed facing the sign 2 to capture the image of the dynamic pattern P generated by the movement of the moving body 8 and The manner of displaying on the screen of the control panel is exactly the same as in the previous embodiment. By setting the frequency of the voltage applied to the EL, a static image of a dynamic pattern can be obtained for the reversal speed / acceleration as well as for the moving speed.
The present embodiment can be applied to measurement of the velocity of a moving body that moves linearly and the vibration velocity of a vibrating body.

(Embodiment 3) This embodiment is an example of a system that converts a linear motion of a moving body into a rotary motion and monitors the rotation.

In FIGS. 4 [1] to [4], a disk 11 is directly connected to a shaft of a driven body 10 such as a roller or a gear which is rotated by frictional force or meshing by contacting on a belt conveyor 9, and an EL light emitting portion is provided on the disk surface. The speed marker 2 composed of an arrangement combination of the speed indicator and the non-light emitting portion is concentrically arranged in six stages (a) to (c) as shown in FIG.
(F). The image receiver 3 is installed facing the surface of the disk 11 on which the mark 2 is attached. When a voltage of a specific frequency is applied to EL in synchronization with the traveling speed of the conveyor 9, a dynamic pattern P shown in FIG. 4 [4] is obtained when the conveyor speed is constant. The pattern P is captured by the image receiver 3, and the image is displayed on the screen as in the previous embodiment, so that the traveling state of the conveyor can be monitored. Further, the marker 2 is not limited to the disk surface of the disk 11 but may be formed in one or several steps on the end surface of the disk 12 as shown in FIG. 4 [5].

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but includes linear motion, circular motion,
It goes without saying that the present invention can be generally applied to a moving body and a vibrating body that perform plane motion and three-dimensional motion. In addition, since a surface light emitter that emits light is used, it can be simply used as a barcode.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, according to the present invention, by applying a voltage of a specific frequency to the arrangement combination of the light-emitting portion and the non-light-emitting portion by effectively utilizing the characteristics of the surface light emitter by EL and EC, a motion specific to the motion of the object is applied. A target pattern is obtained, and various kinds of information on the motion state of the object can be generated by capturing changes in the stationary or moving state of the pattern. The sign of the present invention is attached to general equipment,
It is possible to monitor the operation status of the machine, and it is possible to effectively control the entire system using the FA processing line,
This has an effect that can be greatly expected for the realization of a system that integrates FAs that are becoming faster and more complex.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a static pattern of a sign and an example of a dynamic pattern obtained by moving the sign, FIG. 2 [1] is a configuration diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention, [2] ] Is a view showing a display example on a screen, FIG. 3 is a view showing the second embodiment, FIG. 4 [1] is a side view showing the third embodiment, [2]
Is a cross-sectional view, [3] is a view showing an example of formation of a sign, [4] is a view showing a dynamic pattern at a constant speed, and [5] is a view showing another example of a rotation sign. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Rotating body, 2 ... Marking 3 ... Receiver, 4 ... Lens 5 ... Optical fiber, 6 ... Video equipment 7 ... Screen, 8 ... Moving body 9 ... Belt conveyor, 11 ... Disc

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A combination arrangement of surface illuminator signs forming an optical pattern specific to a moving speed, an acceleration and other moving conditions under a specific frequency of an applied voltage is formed on a surface of the moving body along a moving direction. A measuring sign characterized by the following.