JP2551464Y2 - Boring machine - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to automation of a boring machine for boring, and more particularly to a boring machine capable of boring a plurality of types of hole diameters with high precision.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Work (workpiece) using a boring machine
When boring is continuously performed on the holes, the processing dimensions gradually change due to wear of the cutting edge of the tool, thermal displacement of the machine, and the like, and a defective product exceeding the processing intersection may be processed. Therefore, when performing high-precision machining, the hole diameter of the machined workpiece is measured with a measuring device, and the difference from the target value is fed back to the boring machine, so that the position of the cutting edge of the tool when machining the next workpiece Is corrected. As a method of correcting the position of the cutting edge of the tool, there is a technique of arranging an outer main shaft and an inner main shaft eccentric with respect to the outer main shaft on a main spindle head, and correcting the cutting edge position of the tool by eccentricizing the inner main shaft. Is disclosed in JP-A-52-58186. However, the above-described eccentric spindle technology has caused problems such as an increase in size and complexity of the spindle and spindle support structure, and a decrease in rigidity of the spindle. For this reason, the present applicant has disclosed in
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Publication No. H11-115,086 discloses a technique relating to a boring head that corrects the position of a cutting edge of a tool by moving a moving main shaft in a radial direction along a cam formed on a cam rod that moves forward and backward in an axial direction within the main shaft.

[0003]

However, in the technique disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Sho 59-214503, it is necessary to make the inclination of the cam gentle in order to perform highly accurate correction.
The moving range of the tool is reduced. In addition, since the tool body is not configured to be automatically exchanged, the hole diameter that can be machined is limited, and a problem has arisen that a plurality of types of hole diameters cannot be automatically handled. Therefore, this boring head is suitable for a processing system for small-quantity and large-quantity production, but unsuitable for a machining system for large-quantity and small-quantity production. Therefore, there has been a demand for a boring machine that is highly flexible so as to be able to cope with workpieces having various hole diameters and that can automatically perform boring hole processing with a high-precision hole diameter. The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide an automatic boring machine. In particular, an object of the present invention is to provide a boring machine that can handle a plurality of hole diameters and that can perform high-precision machining.

[0004]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention relates to a boring machine for boring a workpiece, which penetrates a spindle which is rotatably supported by a spindle head. A cam rod having a cam formed at one end thereof, a cylinder device engaging with the other end of the cam rod of the spindle head to move the cam rod forward and backward, and the cylinder of the spindle head A positioning device that is provided along the device and abuts on the other end of the cam rod to position the cam rod, and a positioning device that is provided on one end of the main shaft so as to be movable in the radial direction and engages with the cam rod. A tool spindle that moves in a radial direction by reciprocating movement and is integrally rotatable with the spindle, a tool body detachably mounted on the tool spindle, Provided at the base of over ring machine,
An automatic tool changer that stores a plurality of tool bodies and supplies a desired tool body to the tool spindle, and is provided on the base body and moves forward and backward to the tool spindle to fix or fix the tool body of the tool spindle. A first input / output unit for inputting / outputting measurement data and the like between a tool fixing unit to be released and a measuring device provided near the boring machine and measuring a diameter of a hole formed in the work. A second input / output unit provided in the boring machine for inputting / outputting identification data or the like between identification means for specifying the type of the work, and correcting the positions of the cutting edges of the plurality of tool bodies. Correction data storing correction data for each of the tool bodies, and measurement data obtained by measuring a processing dimension of the work identified by the identification data after processing the workpiece with a predetermined tool body. From a control unit having a central processing unit that calculates the new correction data by calculating the correction data corresponding to the predetermined tool body stored in the tool correction memory, and a central processing unit that supervises and controls each unit and the memory. When performing boring with a plurality of hole diameters while changing tools, the correction data for each tool body of the tool correction memory is sequentially rewritten by feeding back measurement data of the measurement device to the control device side, The position of the cam rod is controlled by the positioning device according to the correction data, and the cutting edge position of the tool body is corrected for each tool body.

[0005]

If there is a tool change command in a program for processing a predetermined work W, a desired tool body is selected from a tool body storage unit based on the tool number, and tool change is executed. Then, if there is a tool diameter correction command, the tool correction data is read from the tool correction memory based on the correction number, the cylinder device is driven according to the correction data, the stopper is positioned, and the tool body is controlled via the cam rod and the moving spindle. Position of the cutting edge and correct the tool diameter. After executing the tool diameter correction, a predetermined boring operation is executed. After the boring process is completed, the hole diameter of the workpiece is measured by the inner diameter measuring device, the difference from the measured value is calculated from the target value, and the difference is fed back to the new correction data, which is the tool correction corresponding to the correction number in the tool correction memory. Rewrite data.
As described above, the automatic tool changer makes it possible to process multiple types of hole diameters, and the correction mechanism that corrects the position of the cutting edge makes it easy to correct the exchange tool, making the boring machine even more automated and highly accurate. Can be maintained.

[0006]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 is a block diagram of the boring machine of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view of the boring machine of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a side view of FIG. 2, FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view taken along the line IV-IV of FIG. FIG. 5 is a flowchart for explaining the processing of the tool changing operation and the tool correcting operation when changing the hole diameter of the boring machine of the present invention. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes an NC (numerical control) device 16 for numerically controlling a boring machine.
CPU (Central Processing Unit) 2 is an R which stores a system program for numerically controlling the boring machine.
OM, 3 is a RAM that stores data such as parameters,
Reference numeral 4 denotes a CRT as display means, and reference numeral 5 denotes a keyboard (KB) as input means, each of which is connected to the CPU 1 via a bus line 1a. 4a is an I / O interface. Reference numeral 6 denotes a machining program memory that stores machining programs corresponding to various works, 7 denotes a tool correction memory that stores tool correction data corresponding to a correction number of each tool, and 7a denotes a tool that calculates the tool correction data. This is a correction data calculation section, and the tool correction data calculation section 7a is also connected to the bus line 1a. Reference numeral 9 denotes a servomotor, which is connected to the bus line 1a via a moving axis control unit 8 and a servo amplifier 9a.

Reference numeral 10 denotes a sequencer (programmable controller) for controlling the sequence of each actuator of the boring machine. A stepping motor 11 is controlled by a stepping motor control unit 11a. Reference numeral 12 denotes actuators for performing an ATC (automatic tool change) operation.
A spindle motor 13 is controlled by a spindle control unit. Reference numeral 14 denotes a control unit of work identification information reading means for reading identification data such as an IC card or an ID chip, which is a work identification member added to a pallet or a work, and converts the read identification data into an NC through an I / O interface 14a. Transmit to the device 16. Reference numeral 15 denotes a method in which a plurality of inner diameter measuring heads corresponding to the hole diameters of the work are mounted on the turret head, a predetermined turret head is determined according to the type of the hole diameter, and measurement is performed with the inner diameter measuring head facing the hole of the work. It is a control unit of a known inner diameter measuring device, and transmits measurement data to the NC device 16 via the I / O interface 15a. In addition, the inner diameter measuring device (not shown) is provided with work identification information reading means for reading the identification data of the work identification member, similarly to the boring machine. Do.

The main body structure of the boring machine according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. A column C is erected on a base B (see FIG. 3), and the spindle head 20 moves up and down along a guide formed on the column C by a known driving method using a servo motor 9 and a ball screw (not shown). P is a pallet, and work W
The workpiece W is transported through a boring machine and an inner diameter measuring device in the processing system by a transport device (not shown), and the workpiece W can be processed and measured. This pallet P
Is attached with a work identification member in which identification data for specifying the type of the work W or the like is stored. This identification data is read out by a read head (not shown) in a non-contact manner while being transported on the transport path to the boring machine or the inner diameter measuring device or when fixed to the saddle 27 or the like. This work identification information reading means is a known means using an IC card or an ID chip, and will not be described further here.

In FIG. 4, a spindle 56 is rotatably supported by the spindle head 20. The spindle 56 is driven to rotate by the spindle motor 13 (see FIGS. 2 and 3). The main shaft 56 penetrates through the central portion, and the main shaft 56
The cam rod 51 which can move forward and backward in the axial direction is inserted. A first cam 51a and a second cam 51b are formed at one end of the cam rod 51. A cylinder 52 to which a piston rod is connected via a bearing 51c is formed on the other end of the cam rod 51. The cam rod 51 moves forward and backward by supplying a pressure fluid to the cylinder chamber 52a or the cylinder chamber 52b. The piston rod does not rotate even if the cam rod 51 rotates due to the bearing 51c. Positioning means 55 for transmitting the rotation of the stepping motor 11 to the nut 54 and moving the stopper 53 in the axial direction by a screw mechanism is provided at a rear portion of the cam rod 51. The movement of the cam rod 51 causes the tool spindle 21 to move slightly in the radial direction along the first cam 51a, and the balancer 58 moves in the opposite direction to the tool spindle 57 along the second cam 51b.
Maintain rotational balance. This correction mechanism is described in detail in JP-A-59-214503, and will not be described in further detail here.

In FIG. 2, reference numeral 26 denotes a drum type automatic tool changer (ATC), which is provided with a known gripping member on a circumferential portion of a tool magazine 26a and holds the gripping portions 23a of a plurality of tool heads 23. I have. Then, in accordance with a command from the NC device 16 (see FIG. 1), a predetermined tool head 23 is determined by a driving body (not shown). The tool magazine 26a is moved in the left-right direction in FIG. 2 between a standby position and a spindle mounting position by a driving body (not shown). A tool holder 22 is fixed to a front portion of the tool spindle 21 (see FIG. 4), and the tool head 23 is inserted into the tool holder 22 and fixed with fixing screws 59. That is, by the vertical movement of the spindle head 20 and the movement of the tool magazine 26a toward the spindle 56,
After the axis of the spindle 56 and the axis of the tool head 23 held by the tool magazine 26a are made to coincide with each other, the spindle head 20 is lowered, and the tool head 23 is inserted into the tool holder 22. Numeral 24 (see FIG. 2) is a tool fixing means, which moves the nut runner 24a to the spindle head 20 side by the cylinder 24b, and fixes the tip portion with a fixing screw 59 (see FIG. 4).
To be engaged. With the tool head 23 inserted in the tool holder 22, the fixing screw 59 is screwed or loosened by the nut runner 24a to fix / unfix the tool holder 22 and the spindle head 23.

Next, the processing of the tool changing operation and the tool correcting operation of the boring machine of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. When the pallet P on which the work W is placed is carried into the boring machine and fixed, the CPU 1 causes the control unit 14 of the work identification information reading means to read the identification data of the work identification member added to the pallet P, Transmission is performed (step 31). Next, the work W
Is specified, and a predetermined machining program is identified from the machining program memory 6 (step 32). The machining program is read out one block at a time (step 33), and it is determined whether or not the block is a command for tool change (step 34).

If the command is not a tool change command, the process from step 35 is performed. If the command is a tool change command, the process proceeds to step 40 and the following process is performed. The surface of the gripping member of the tool magazine 26a that receives the tool head 23 mounted on the tool holder 22 of the spindle 56 is determined, and
The tool magazine 26a is moved to the side so that the grip 23 of the tool head 23 and the grip member of the tool magazine 26a are engaged. The nut runner 24a is moved toward the main shaft 56, and the fixing screw 59 and the tip of the nut runner 24a are engaged.
By loosening the fixing screw 59 and raising the spindle head 20 by the servo motor 9, the tool head 23 is detached from the tool holder 22. The nut runner 24a is returned to the side opposite to the main shaft 56, the tool magazine 26a is indexed, and a predetermined tool head 23 is opposed to the main shaft 56. Lower the spindle head 20 and insert the tool head 23 into the hole of the tool holder 22.
Insert. The tool head 23 is fixed to the tool holder 22 by moving the nut runner 26a toward the main shaft 56, engaging with the fixing screw 59, and screwing the fixing screw 59. The tool magazine 26a and the nut runner 24a are each returned to the side opposite to the main shaft 56, and the tool changing operation is completed (Step 40).

In step 35, it is determined whether or not the read block is a command for tool diameter correction. If the command is a tool diameter correction command, the processing from step 45 is performed. If the command is not a tool diameter correction command, the processing from step 36 is performed.
In step 36, a command for the read block, for example, a spindle rotation stop command, a movement command for raising / lowering the spindle head, and the like are executed. Next, in step 37, the control unit 15 of the inner diameter measuring device determines whether or not there is a signal for transmitting correction data. If there is a signal, the processing after step 50 is performed. The program proceeds to step 38, where it is determined whether or not the execution of the machining program for the work W has been completed. If not, the process returns to step 33 to repeat the processing (step 38).

If it is determined in step 35 that the command is a tool diameter correction command, the tool correction data of the specified correction number is read from the tool correction memory 7 (step 4).
5). Next, it is determined whether or not the piston rod of the cylinder 52 is moving toward the forward side (the direction in which the cam rod 51 and the stopper 53 are separated from each other) (step 46). The stepping motor 11 is driven according to the tool correction data, and the stopper 5
3 is positioned (step 48). The piston rod of the cylinder 52 is retracted, and the cam rod 5 is
By bringing them into contact with each other, the cutting edge position of the tool head 23 is positioned via the movable spindle 21 and the tool holder 52 (step 49). Then, the process proceeds to step 38 to perform processing. Note that this tool diameter correction command is transmitted to the tool head 23
Is exchanged, or when machining is continuously performed with the same tool head 23, it is preferable to execute it when the measurement data of the previous work is fed back and the correction data is rewritten. That is, the machining program may be executed immediately before boring hole machining.

If it is determined in step 37 that the measurement data is output from the control unit 15 of the inner diameter measuring device, the CPU 1 receives the identification data of the work or the machined hole and the measurement data (step 50). . The correction number of the tool correction memory 7 is specified based on the identification data, and the correction data of the correction number is read. Correction data calculation unit 7
If the measured data is a difference from the target value (diameter) in a, the measured data is added to or subtracted from the corrected data, and new corrected data is calculated. For example, if the measured inner diameter is processed by 5 μm larger than the target diameter, the correction data is subtracted by the axial dimension corresponding to 5 μm in the radial direction,
If the diameter is smaller than the target diameter by 5 μm, the correction data is added by an axial dimension corresponding to 5 μm in the radial direction (step 51). The correction data of the predetermined correction number in the tool correction memory 7 is rewritten to the newly calculated correction data (step 52), and the process proceeds to step 38 to perform the processing.

As described above, the tool can be changed for the tool head 23 corresponding to the hole diameter which changes depending on the type of the work W and the like. In addition, the difference between the correction data corresponding to the tool head 23 and the target value is fed back from the hole diameter dimension of the previously processed work W, and the tool diameter correction for controlling the position of the cam rod 51 with the positioning device 55 is performed based on the new correction data. The hole diameter can be maintained with high precision. In the above-described embodiment, the measurement data transmitted from the measuring device is set as the difference from the target value. However, the present invention is not limited to this. After calculating the difference from the target value stored in the above, the same processing as the above-described processing may be performed. Although the cam rod 51 and the piston rod of the cylinder 52 are integrally engaged with each other, they may be separated from each other, as long as the cam rod 51 is urged toward the piston rod by an urging member or the like.

[0017]

As described above, in the boring machine of the present invention, it is possible to automate the tool change and the tool correction for each changed tool, so that it is possible to perform the boring corresponding to a plurality of hole diameters. It is possible to perform boring processing that is capable of maintaining dimensions to a highly accurate hole diameter while being highly flexible, and has the effect of achieving automation and high precision of the boring machine.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a boring machine and the like of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the boring machine of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a side view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic explanatory view taken along the line IV-IV in FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating processing of a tool changing operation and a tool correcting operation when changing the hole diameter of the boring machine of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Main processor (CPU) 2 ROM 3 RAM 6 Machining program memory 7 Tool correction memory 7a Tool correction data calculation unit 8 Moving axis control unit 10 Sequencer 15 Inner diameter measuring device control unit 15a I / O interface 16 NC device 21 Tool spindle 24 Tool Fixing means 26 ATC 51 Cam rod 52 Cylinder

Claims (1)

(57) [Scope of request for utility model registration] 1. A boring machine for boring a workpiece, wherein the boring machine penetrates a main shaft rotatably supported by a main shaft head, and is provided so as to be movable forward and backward in the axial direction of the main shaft. A formed cam rod, a cylinder device that engages with the other end of the cam rod of the spindle head to move the cam rod forward and backward, and is provided along the cylinder device of the spindle head,
A positioning device that abuts on the other end of the cam rod to position the cam rod; and a positioning device that is provided on one end of the main shaft so as to be movable in a radial direction, engages with the cam rod, and moves in a radial direction by moving the cam rod forward and backward. A tool spindle that can be integrally rotated with the spindle, a tool body that is removably mounted on the tool spindle, and a tool body that is provided on the base of the boring machine, stores a plurality of tool bodies, and An automatic tool changer for supplying a tool body; tool fixing means provided on the base body for moving forward and backward to the tool spindle to fix or release the tool body of the tool spindle; and provided near the boring machine. A first input / output unit for inputting / outputting measurement data and the like between a measuring device for measuring a dimension of a hole diameter formed in the work; A second input / output unit that is provided in a machining machine and inputs and outputs identification data and the like between identification means for identifying the type of the work, and a correction for correcting the positions of the cutting edges of the plurality of tool bodies. A tool correction memory storing data for each tool body, and after machining a workpiece identified by the identification data with a predetermined tool body, measurement data obtained by measuring the processing dimensions and the tool correction memory. A control unit having a central processing unit that controls the stored correction data corresponding to the predetermined tool body to calculate new correction data and obtains new correction data; When performing boring with a plurality of hole diameters, the measurement data of the measuring device is fed back to the control device side so that the correction data for each tool body in the tool correction memory is provided. Sequentially with rewritten, boring machine, characterized in that the by the positioning device in accordance with the correction data to control the position of the cam rod, to correct the edge position of the tool body each tool body.