JP2024104329A - Interior building material - Google Patents
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- JP2024104329A JP2024104329A JP2023008470A JP2023008470A JP2024104329A JP 2024104329 A JP2024104329 A JP 2024104329A JP 2023008470 A JP2023008470 A JP 2023008470A JP 2023008470 A JP2023008470 A JP 2023008470A JP 2024104329 A JP2024104329 A JP 2024104329A
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- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000002121 nanofiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000009408 flooring Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000003678 scratch resistant effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 28
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000011120 plywood Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000007546 Brinell hardness test Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011094 fiberboard Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011122 softwood Substances 0.000 description 5
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011121 hardwood Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009863 impact test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000758789 Juglans Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000009496 Juglans regia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020234 walnut Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000018185 Betula X alpestris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000018212 Betula X uliginosa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000000731 Fagus sylvatica Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010099 Fagus sylvatica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004831 Hot glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 MDF Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000219492 Quercus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000016976 Quercus macrolepis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010724 Wisteria floribunda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002522 Wood fibre Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012620 biological material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006855 networking Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013501 sustainable material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002025 wood fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Floor Finish (AREA)
Abstract
Description
特許法第３０条第２項適用申請有り 令和４年９月９日に大建工業株式会社および利昌工業株式会社が、ＮＥＤＯ主催の「炭素循環社会に貢献するセルロースナノファイバー関連技術開発事業およびＮＥＤＯ人材育成講座合同 事業者交流会＆ミニ展示会」にて、山下達也らが発明した「内装建材」に関連し、ＣＮＦ技術を利用した住宅・非住宅用内装建材の開発の展示を行った。 ［刊行物等］ 令和４年１０月１２日～１４日に大建工業株式会社および利昌工業株式会社が、「ＢｉｏＪａｐａｎ ２０２２」にて、山下達也らが発明した「内装建材」に関連し、ＣＮＦ技術を利用した住宅・非住宅用内装建材の開発の展示を行った。 ［刊行物等］ 令和４年１１月８日に大建工業株式会社および利昌工業株式会社が、ふじのくにＣＮＦフォーラム、静岡県および富士市主催の「ふじのくにＣＮＦ総合展示会」にて、山下達也らが発明した「内装建材」に関連し、ＣＮＦ技術を利用した住宅・非住宅用内装建材の開発の展示を行った。 ［刊行物等］ 令和４年１２月７日～９日に大建工業株式会社および利昌工業株式会社が、ＲＸ Ｊａｐａｎ株式会社主催の「第２回サステナブルマテリアル展（ＳＵＳＭＡ）」にて、山下達也らが発明した「内装建材」に関連し、ＣＮＦ技術を利用した住宅・非住宅用内装建材の開発の展示を行った。Application for application of Article 30, Paragraph 2 of the Patent Act has been filed. On September 9, 2022, Daiken Corporation and Risho Kogyo Co., Ltd. exhibited the development of residential and non-residential interior building materials using CNF technology in relation to the "interior building materials" invented by Tatsuya Yamashita et al. at the "Cellulose Nanofiber Related Technology Development Project Contributing to a Carbon Circulation Society and NEDO Human Resource Development Course Joint Business Networking and Mini Exhibition" hosted by NEDO. [Publications, etc.] From October 12 to 14, 2022, Daiken Corporation and Risho Kogyo Co., Ltd. exhibited the development of residential and non-residential interior building materials using CNF technology in relation to the "interior building materials" invented by Tatsuya Yamashita et al. at "BioJapan 2022". [Publications, etc.] On November 8, 2022, Daiken Corporation and Risho Kogyo Co., Ltd. exhibited the development of residential and non-residential interior building materials using CNF technology in relation to the "interior building materials" invented by Yamashita Tatsuya et al. at the "Fujinokuni CNF General Exhibition" sponsored by the Fujinokuni CNF Forum, Shizuoka Prefecture and Fuji City. [Publications, etc.] From December 7 to 9, 2022, Daiken Corporation and Risho Kogyo Co., Ltd. exhibited the development of residential and non-residential interior building materials using CNF technology in relation to the "interior building materials" invented by Yamashita Tatsuya et al. at the "2nd Sustainable Material Exhibition (SUSMA)" sponsored by RX Japan Co., Ltd.
本発明は、セルロースナノファイバー（ＣＮＦ）の成形体で覆われた内装建材に関する。 The present invention relates to interior building materials covered with molded bodies of cellulose nanofibers (CNF).
従来、基板の上に木質繊維板が接着され、この木質繊維板の上に表面化粧材が水性接着剤を介して接着されて一体化された木質床材は知られている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。木質繊維板に代表されるＭＤＦ（Ｍｅｄｉｕｍ Ｄｅｎｓｉｔｙ Ｆｉｂｅｒｂｏａｒｄ：中密度繊維板）は、長さ０．５～１０ｍｍ程度の木材繊維若しくは植物繊維を主な原料として、繊維を比重０．６～１．０程度にまで圧締して成形した木質材料である。そのＭＤＦの表面に天然銘木を薄くスライスして形成された薄シート状の突板等よりなる表面化粧板を接着している。表面化粧板として、美観性、素材感等の観点からナラ、オーク、クルミ、ウォールナット、ビーチ、バーチ等の突板が用いられている。 Conventionally, wooden flooring materials have been known in which a wood fiberboard is bonded onto a substrate, and a surface decorative material is bonded onto the wood fiberboard using a water-based adhesive to form an integrated structure (see, for example, Patent Document 1). MDF (Medium Density Fiberboard), a representative example of wood fiberboard, is a wood material made by compressing and molding wood fibers or plant fibers with lengths of about 0.5 to 10 mm to a specific gravity of about 0.6 to 1.0. A surface decorative board made of a thin sheet of veneer formed by thinly slicing natural fine wood is bonded to the surface of the MDF. Veneers of oak, walnut, walnut, beech, birch, etc. are used as the surface decorative board from the viewpoints of aesthetics and texture.
従来、内装用建材として、例えば床であれば、フローリング用基材として、合板若しくはＭＤＦ、パーティクルボード、ＯＳＢ（Ｏｒｉｅｎｔｅｄ Ｓｔｒａｎｄ Ｂｏｒｄ：配向性ストランドボード）等の木質ボードが使用されているが、いずれも表面硬度が不足しており、重量物などが落下した場合などに、床が凹んだり傷が付いたりしやすいという問題がある。 Conventionally, wood boards such as plywood, MDF, particle board, and OSB (Oriented Strand Board) have been used as interior building materials, for example, as flooring substrates. However, all of these materials lack surface hardness, and there is a problem that the floors are easily dented or scratched when heavy objects are dropped on them.
本発明は、かかる点に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的とするところは、内装建材を傷が付きにくいようにすることにある。 The present invention was made in consideration of these points, and its purpose is to make interior building materials less susceptible to scratches.
上記の目的を達成するために、この発明では、基材をセルロースナノファイバー（ＣＮＦ）の成形体で覆うようにした。 To achieve the above objective, in this invention, the substrate is covered with a molded body of cellulose nanofiber (CNF).
具体的には、第１の発明では、木質ボードからなる基材にセルロースナノファイバー成形体が積層されている。 Specifically, in the first invention, a cellulose nanofiber molded body is laminated onto a substrate made of a wood board.
セルロースナノファイバー（ＣＮＦ）は、通常、木材などの植物繊維の主成分であるセルロースをナノサイズ（１ｍｍの百万分の１）にまで細かく解きほぐすことにより得られる木質バイオマス資源のことをいい、軽量かつ頑丈で寸法が安定しているという特徴がある。一方、基材となる木質ボードは、一般的な針葉樹又は広葉樹の木材チップを原料とした板材であり、木質ボード単体では硬度が十分ではないが、上記の構成によると、木質ボードの表面に硬さの硬いセルロースナノファイバー成形体を積層することで、表面硬度が向上し、重量物、椅子のキャスターなどで傷が付きにくくなる。 Cellulose nanofiber (CNF) is a woody biomass resource obtained by finely breaking down cellulose, the main component of plant fibers such as wood, into nano-sized pieces (one millionth of a millimeter), and is characterized by being lightweight, sturdy, and dimensionally stable. On the other hand, the wood board that serves as the base material is a board material made from wood chips of general coniferous or broadleaf trees, and the wood board alone does not have sufficient hardness. However, with the above-mentioned configuration, by laminating a hard cellulose nanofiber molded body on the surface of the wood board, the surface hardness is improved and it becomes less susceptible to scratches from heavy objects, chair casters, etc.
第２の発明では、
無機ボードからなる基材にセルロースナノファイバー成形体が積層されている。
In the second invention,
A cellulose nanofiber molded body is laminated on a substrate made of an inorganic board.
ロックウール等で形成された無機ボードは、例えば、軽量で防火性能に優れた不燃材料としての特徴を有するものの表面硬度は十分ではない。しかし、上記の構成によると、無機ボードの表面に硬さの硬いセルロースナノファイバー成形体を積層することで、表面硬度が向上し、重量物、椅子のキャスターなどで傷が付きにくくなる。 For example, inorganic boards made of rock wool and the like are lightweight and have the characteristics of being non-combustible materials with excellent fire resistance, but their surface hardness is insufficient. However, with the above-mentioned configuration, by laminating a hard cellulose nanofiber molded body on the surface of the inorganic board, the surface hardness is improved and it becomes less susceptible to scratches caused by heavy objects, chair casters, etc.
第３の発明では、第１又は第２の発明において、
前記セルロースナノファイバー成形体が、熱硬化性樹脂を含浸させている。
In a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect of the present invention,
The cellulose nanofiber molded body is impregnated with a thermosetting resin.
上記の構成によると、樹脂含有により力学特性が向上し、また水や湿度による寸法変化が低減されるので、ＣＮＦの硬さを活かした内装建材が得られる。 According to the above composition, the mechanical properties are improved by including resin, and dimensional changes caused by water and humidity are reduced, resulting in an interior building material that takes advantage of the hardness of CNF.
第４の発明では、第１から第３のいずれか１つの発明において、
前記セルロースナノファイバー成形体の層の厚さは、０．５ｍｍ以上２．０ｍｍ以下である。
In a fourth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to third aspects of the present invention,
The layer of the cellulose nanofiber molded article has a thickness of 0.5 mm or more and 2.0 mm or less.
セルロースナノファイバー成形体の層の厚さが０．５ｍｍよりも薄いと、基材の影響を受けやすく、セルロースナノファイバー成形体を積層した効果が現れにくくなる。また、２．０ｍｍよりも厚いと、質量やコストが高くなりすぎる。しかし、上記の構成によると、質量やコストを抑えながら、ＭＤＦに比べて薄い構成で十分な表面硬度が得られる。 If the thickness of the layer of cellulose nanofiber molded body is thinner than 0.5 mm, it is easily affected by the substrate, and the effect of stacking cellulose nanofiber molded bodies is less apparent. Furthermore, if it is thicker than 2.0 mm, the mass and cost become too high. However, with the above configuration, sufficient surface hardness can be obtained with a thinner configuration than MDF while keeping mass and cost down.
第５の発明では、第１から第４のいずれか１つの発明において、
前記セルロースナノファイバー成形体の層を表面材とする床材である。
In a fifth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to fourth aspects of the present invention,
The flooring material has a layer of the cellulose nanofiber molded article as a surface material.
上記の構成によると、重量物がおかれたり、キャスターが行き来したりする、負荷の大きい床材として使用した場合でも、表面にセルロースナノファイバー成形体を積層することで、表面硬度が向上し、重量物、椅子のキャスターなどで傷が付きにくくなる。 With the above configuration, even when used as a flooring material subject to heavy loads, such as heavy objects being placed on it or casters moving back and forth, the surface hardness is improved by laminating a cellulose nanofiber molded body on the surface, making it less susceptible to scratches from heavy objects, chair casters, etc.
第６の発明では、第１から第５のいずれか１つの発明において、
前記セルロースナノファイバー成形体の表面側に化粧仕上層が形成されている。
In a sixth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to fifth aspects of the present invention,
A decorative finish layer is formed on the surface side of the cellulose nanofiber molded article.
上記の構成によると、セルロースナノファイバー成形体の表面には、意匠性に優れた化粧仕上層も積層しやすく、積層した場合でも硬度を保ちやすい。 The above configuration makes it easy to laminate a decorative finish layer with excellent design properties onto the surface of the cellulose nanofiber molded body, and even when laminated, it is easy to maintain hardness.
以上説明したように、本発明によれば、木質ボード又は無機ボードからなる基材に表面硬度の高いセルロースナノファイバー成形体を積層させたので、傷の付きにくい内装建材が得られる。 As explained above, according to the present invention, a cellulose nanofiber molded body with high surface hardness is laminated onto a substrate made of a wood board or an inorganic board, resulting in an interior building material that is resistant to scratches.
以下、本発明の実施形態を図面に基づいて説明する。 The following describes an embodiment of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
（実施形態１及び２）
図１は本発明の実施形態１の木質ボードからなる基材２にセルロースナノファイバー成形体３が積層された内装建材１を示す。この内装建材１は、例えば、セルロースナノファイバー成形体３の層を表面材とする床材である。セルロースナノファイバー（ＣＮＦ）は、通常、木材などの植物繊維の主成分であるセルロースをナノサイズ（１ｍｍの百万分の１）にまで細かく解きほぐすことにより得られる木質バイオマス資源のことをいい、軽量かつ頑丈で寸法が安定しているという特徴がある。本実施形態では、セルロースナノファイバー成形体は、セルロース１００％で構成されている。
(Embodiments 1 and 2)
1 shows an interior building material 1 in which a cellulose nanofiber molded body 3 is laminated on a substrate 2 made of a wood board according to embodiment 1 of the present invention. This interior building material 1 is, for example, a flooring material with a layer of the cellulose nanofiber molded body 3 as a surface material. Cellulose nanofiber (CNF) is a wood biomass resource obtained by finely untangling cellulose, which is usually the main component of plant fibers such as wood, to nano-size (one millionth of a millimeter), and is characterized by being lightweight, sturdy, and dimensionally stable. In this embodiment, the cellulose nanofiber molded body is composed of 100% cellulose.
セルロースナノファイバー成形体３の表面側に化粧シート、化粧突板等よりなる化粧仕上層が形成されていてもよい。セルロースナノファイバー成形体３は、化粧仕上層を設けやすい。 A decorative finishing layer made of a decorative sheet, decorative veneer, etc. may be formed on the surface side of the cellulose nanofiber molded body 3. The cellulose nanofiber molded body 3 is easy to provide with a decorative finishing layer.
セルロースナノファイバー成形体３は、そのファイバーそのものが非常に微細であるため、密度は一般的な木質繊維板であるＭＤＦの約１．７～１.８倍（ＭＤＦが８００ｋｇ／ｍ３であるのに対しセルロースナノファイバー成形体３は１３９０～１４６０ｋｇ／ｍ３）である。 Since the fibers of the cellulose nanofiber molded body 3 are very fine, the density is about 1.7 to 1.8 times that of MDF, a common wood fiberboard (MDF has a density of 800 kg/ m3 , while the density of the cellulose nanofiber molded body 3 is 1,390 to 1,460 kg/ m3 ).
基材２と、セルロースナノファイバー成形体３とは、一定以上の厚さ、例えば厚さ０．０５～０．２ｍｍの接着層（図示せず）を介して接合されている。この接着層として樹脂含浸紙が好適に用いられる。樹脂含浸紙を用いた接着構造は、例えば硬化したメラミン含浸紙を接着剤で貼り合わせた構造や、メラミン等の未硬化含浸紙を挟んで熱圧硬化で貼り合わせた構造がある。樹脂含浸紙の他に、基材２又はセルロースナノファイバー成形体３の接着面に、例えば固形分塗布量１５ｇ／尺２以上で塗布された例えば酢酸ビニル系の樹脂、ＰＵＲ接着剤（ｐｏｌｙ ｕｒｅｔｈａｎｅｒｅａｃｔｉｖｅ）ホットメルト等で接着層Ｄを構成することもできる。 The substrate 2 and the cellulose nanofiber molded body 3 are joined via an adhesive layer (not shown) of a certain thickness or more, for example, 0.05 to 0.2 mm. Resin-impregnated paper is preferably used as this adhesive layer. Adhesive structures using resin-impregnated paper include, for example, a structure in which hardened melamine-impregnated paper is bonded with an adhesive, and a structure in which unhardened impregnated paper such as melamine is sandwiched and bonded by heat and pressure hardening. In addition to resin-impregnated paper, the adhesive layer D can also be formed from, for example, vinyl acetate-based resin, PUR (poly urethane reactive) hot melt adhesive, etc., applied to the adhesive surface of the substrate 2 or the cellulose nanofiber molded body 3 with a solid content application amount of 15 g/shaku2 or more.
基材２は、一般的な針葉樹又は広葉樹の木材チップを原料とした木質ボードよりなり、その材料は、特に限定されない。 The substrate 2 is made of a wood board made from general coniferous or broadleaf wood chips, and the material is not particularly limited.
一方、図３は、本発明の実施形態２に係る、無機ボードからなる基材２’にセルロースナノファイバー成形体３が積層された内装建材１’を示す。基材２’は、ロックウール等で形成された無機ボードよりなり、軽量で防火性能に優れた不燃材料としての特徴を有するものが多い。無機ボードの種類は特に限定されない。 On the other hand, FIG. 3 shows an interior building material 1' according to embodiment 2 of the present invention, in which a cellulose nanofiber molded body 3 is laminated to a substrate 2' made of an inorganic board. The substrate 2' is made of an inorganic board made of rock wool or the like, and many of them are characterized as lightweight, non-combustible materials with excellent fire resistance. There are no particular limitations on the type of inorganic board.
－実施例－
次に、本実施形態に係る内装建材１，１’の実施例とその比較例について説明する。
-Example-
Next, examples of the interior construction materials 1 and 1' according to this embodiment and comparative examples will be described.
図２に示すように、実施例１～４は、実施形態１に係る内装建材１に関するものであり、実施例１～３の基材２が厚さ９ｍｍの国産針葉樹合板よりなり、セルロースナノファイバー成形体３の厚さが０．５ｍｍ、１．０ｍｍ、２．０ｍｍで異なる。実施例４は、基材２が厚さ９ｍｍの広葉樹合板よりなる点で異なり、セルロースナノファイバー成形体３の厚さが０．５ｍｍである。 As shown in Figure 2, Examples 1 to 4 relate to the interior building material 1 according to embodiment 1, and the base material 2 in Examples 1 to 3 is made of domestic softwood plywood with a thickness of 9 mm, and the thicknesses of the cellulose nanofiber molded body 3 are different at 0.5 mm, 1.0 mm, and 2.0 mm. Example 4 differs in that the base material 2 is made of hardwood plywood with a thickness of 9 mm, and the thickness of the cellulose nanofiber molded body 3 is 0.5 mm.
一方、比較例１は、厚さ９ｍｍの国産針葉樹合板そのものであり、比較例２は、厚さ９ｍｍの国産針葉樹合板に２．７ｍｍの厚さのＭＤＦが積層されたものよりなる。比較例３は、厚さ９ｍｍの広葉樹合板そのものである。 On the other hand, Comparative Example 1 is a 9 mm thick domestic softwood plywood itself, Comparative Example 2 is a 9 mm thick domestic softwood plywood laminated with 2.7 mm thick MDF. Comparative Example 3 is a 9 mm thick hardwood plywood itself.
図４に示すように、実施例５は、実施形態２に係る内装建材１’に関するものであり、実施例５の基材２’が厚さ３．２ｍｍの無機ボードよりなり、セルロースナノファイバー成形体３の厚さが０．５ｍｍである。一方、比較例４は、厚さ３．２ｍｍの無機ボードそのものである。 As shown in FIG. 4, Example 5 relates to the interior building material 1' according to embodiment 2, in which the base material 2' of Example 5 is made of an inorganic board having a thickness of 3.2 mm, and the thickness of the cellulose nanofiber molded body 3 is 0.5 mm. On the other hand, Comparative Example 4 is the inorganic board having a thickness of 3.2 mm.
これら実施例１～５及び比較例１～４に対して落球衝撃試験及びブリネル硬さ試験を行った結果を図２及び図４に示す。 The results of the drop ball impact test and Brinell hardness test for Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 are shown in Figures 2 and 4.
（落球衝撃試験）
落球衝撃試験（鋼球落下試験）は、日本複合・防音床工業会「複合・防音床材品質試験規格」の鋼球落下試験に準じて行った。具体的には、砂上に試験片を固定し、重量５００ｇで直径５０ｍｍの鋼球を高さ７５０ｍｍから自然落下させ、それによって生じた凹みをダイヤルゲージにて測定した。
(Falling ball impact test)
The falling ball impact test (steel ball drop test) was performed according to the steel ball drop test of the "Composite/Soundproof Flooring Quality Test Standard" of the Japan Composite/Soundproof Flooring Industry Association. Specifically, a test piece was fixed on sand, and a steel ball weighing 500 g and having a diameter of 50 mm was allowed to drop naturally from a height of 750 mm, and the resulting dent was measured with a dial gauge.
図２上側に示すように、まず、基材２が国産針葉樹の合板である場合、比較例１を基準としてその凹みの深さを１００とすると、比較例２が、その２８．６％となり、比較例１に対して硬度が高いことが分かる。実施例１～３については、６２．９％、４０．０％、１４．３％となり、比較例１に対しては十分に硬度が向上していることが分かる。比較例２と同等以上の硬さになるには、セルロースナノファイバー成形体３の厚さが２．０ｍｍ必要であるが、その場合でも、ＭＤＦの厚さ２．７ｍｍに対して厚さが０．７ｍｍ薄くなって有利である。 As shown in the upper part of Figure 2, first, when the base material 2 is plywood made from domestic softwood, if the depth of the recess in Comparative Example 1 is taken as 100, then Comparative Example 2 is 28.6% of that, indicating that it has a higher hardness than Comparative Example 1. For Examples 1 to 3, the hardness is 62.9%, 40.0%, and 14.3%, indicating that the hardness is sufficiently improved compared to Comparative Example 1. To achieve a hardness equal to or greater than that of Comparative Example 2, a thickness of 2.0 mm is required for the cellulose nanofiber molded product 3, but even in this case, the thickness is advantageously 0.7 mm thinner than the 2.7 mm thickness of MDF.
次いで、図２下側に示すように、基材２が広葉樹の合板である場合、比較例３を基準としてその凹みの深さを１００とすると、実施例４については、５７．６％となり、比較例３に対しては十分に硬度が向上している。セルロースナノファイバー成形体３の厚さが０．５ｍｍと薄くてもＭＤＦと同等の表面硬度が得られるので、内装建材１全体の厚さが薄くなって有利である。 Next, as shown in the lower part of Figure 2, when the substrate 2 is hardwood plywood, if the depth of the recess in Comparative Example 3 is taken as 100, the depth in Example 4 is 57.6%, which is a sufficient improvement in hardness compared to Comparative Example 3. Even though the cellulose nanofiber molded body 3 is as thin as 0.5 mm, it has a surface hardness equivalent to that of MDF, which is advantageous in that the overall thickness of the interior building material 1 is thin.
さらに、図４に示すように、基材２が無機ボードである内装建材１’の場合、比較例４を基準としてその凹みの深さを１００とすると、実施例５については、３１．３％となり、比較例４に対しては十分に硬度が向上していることが分かる。この場合、セルロースナノファイバー成形体３の厚さが０．５ｍｍと薄くても十分な表面硬度が得られることが分かる。 Furthermore, as shown in Figure 4, in the case of interior building material 1' in which substrate 2 is an inorganic board, if the depth of the recess in Comparative Example 4 is taken as 100, then in Example 5, the depth is 31.3%, which shows that the hardness is sufficiently improved compared to Comparative Example 4. In this case, it can be seen that sufficient surface hardness is obtained even if the thickness of cellulose nanofiber molded body 3 is as thin as 0.5 mm.
（ブリネル硬さ試験）
ブリネル硬さ試験は、ＪＩＳ Ｚ ２１０１「木材の試験方法」に準じて行った。具体的には、試験体に直径１０ｍｍ鋼球を０．５ｍｍ／ｍｉｎの速度で、深さ０．３２（１／π）ｍｍまで圧入し、そのときの押込荷重を、除荷後に残った凹みの表面積で割ったものである。
(Brinell hardness test)
The Brinell hardness test was performed in accordance with JIS Z 2101 "Testing methods for wood". Specifically, a steel ball with a diameter of 10 mm was pressed into the test specimen at a speed of 0.5 mm/min to a depth of 0.32 (1/π) mm, and the pressing load at that time was divided by the surface area of the indentation remaining after unloading.
図２上側に示すように、まず、基材２が国産針葉樹の合板である場合、比較例１を基準としてその値を１００とすると、比較例２が、その１９９％となり、比較例１に対して硬度が高いことが分かる。実施例１～３については、１９１％、２４８％、３３０％となり、比較例１に対しては２～３倍程度硬度が向上していることが分かる。セルロースナノファイバー成形体３の厚さが０．５ｍｍであっても、比較例２と同程度の硬さとなることが分かった。その場合、ＭＤＦの厚さ２．７ｍｍに対して２．２ｍｍ薄くなって有利である。 As shown in the upper part of Figure 2, first, when the base material 2 is plywood made from domestic softwood, if Comparative Example 1 is taken as the standard and its value is 100, Comparative Example 2 is 199% of that, and it can be seen that it has a higher hardness than Comparative Example 1. For Examples 1 to 3, it is 191%, 248%, and 330%, and it can be seen that the hardness is improved by about 2 to 3 times compared to Comparative Example 1. It was found that even if the thickness of the cellulose nanofiber molded body 3 is 0.5 mm, the hardness is about the same as that of Comparative Example 2. In that case, it is advantageously 2.2 mm thinner than the thickness of MDF, which is 2.7 mm.
次いで、図２下側に示すように、基材２が広葉樹の合板である場合、比較例３を基準としてその値を１００とすると、実施例４については、１６２％となり、比較例３に対しては十分に硬度が向上している。セルロースナノファイバー成形体３の厚さが０．５ｍｍと薄くてもＭＤＦと同等の表面硬度が得られるので、内装建材１全体の厚さが薄くなって有利である。 Next, as shown in the lower part of Figure 2, when the substrate 2 is hardwood plywood, if the value of Comparative Example 3 is taken as 100, the hardness of Example 4 is 162%, which is a sufficient improvement over Comparative Example 3. Even though the cellulose nanofiber molded body 3 is as thin as 0.5 mm, it has a surface hardness equivalent to that of MDF, which is advantageous in that the overall thickness of the interior building material 1 is thin.
さらに、図４に示すように、基材２が無機ボードの内装建材１’である場合、比較例４を基準としてそのその値を１００とすると、実施例５については、１０９％となり、セルロースナノファイバー成形体３の厚さが０．５ｍｍと薄くても、比較例４に対して若干だが表面硬度が向上していることが分かる。 Furthermore, as shown in Figure 4, when the substrate 2 is an inorganic board interior building material 1', if the value of Comparative Example 4 is taken as 100, the value of Example 5 is 109%, which shows that even though the thickness of the cellulose nanofiber molded body 3 is as thin as 0.5 mm, the surface hardness is slightly improved compared to Comparative Example 4.
（実施形態３）
図５は本発明の実施形態３に係る熱硬化性樹脂を含浸させたセルロースナノファイバー成形体３’’が積層された内装建材１’’を示し、セルロースナノファイバー成形体３’’が熱硬化性樹脂を含浸させている点で上記実施形態２と異なる。基材２’’は、図６に示すように、無機ボードでも木質ボードでもよい。なお、以下の各実施形態では、図１と同じ部分については同じ符号を付してその詳細な説明は省略する。
(Embodiment 3)
FIG. 5 shows an interior building material 1'' in which a cellulose nanofiber molded body 3'' impregnated with a thermosetting resin according to embodiment 3 of the present invention is laminated, which differs from embodiment 2 above in that the cellulose nanofiber molded body 3'' is impregnated with a thermosetting resin. The substrate 2'' may be an inorganic board or a wood board, as shown in FIG. 6. In the following embodiments, the same parts as those in FIG. 1 are given the same reference numerals and detailed descriptions thereof will be omitted.
含浸させる熱硬化性樹脂としては、例えば、フェノール樹脂であるが、含浸させる材料や含浸方法は特に限定されない。例えば、厚さ２．０ｍｍのセルロースナノファイバー成形体３のブリネル硬さが２８．０とすると、本実施形態のセルロースナノファイバー成形体３’’のブリネル硬さは５９．２と２倍近くに表面硬度が上がる。 The thermosetting resin to be impregnated is, for example, phenol resin, but there are no particular limitations on the material to be impregnated or the method of impregnation. For example, if the Brinell hardness of a cellulose nanofiber molded body 3 having a thickness of 2.0 mm is 28.0, the Brinell hardness of the cellulose nanofiber molded body 3'' of this embodiment is 59.2, which is nearly twice the surface hardness.
そこで、その効果を確認するために、本実施形態の内装建材１’’について、キャスター試験を行った。 Therefore, to confirm this effect, a caster test was conducted on the interior building material 1'' of this embodiment.
（キャスター試験）
キャスター試験では、直径５０ｍｍの鉄製キャスターに２５ｋｇの荷重をかけ、試験片３００ｍｍの間を５００回往復させたときの凹みを測定する。
(Caster test)
In the caster test, a load of 25 kg is applied to an iron caster having a diameter of 50 mm, and the test piece is moved back and forth over a distance of 300 mm 500 times, and the dent is measured.
図６に示すように、実施例６及び７は、実施形態３に係る内装建材１’’に関するものであり、基材２’’が厚さ３．２ｍｍのロックウールなどよりなる無機ボードよりなり、フェノール樹脂が含浸されたセルロースナノファイバー成形体３’’（ＰＦＣＮＦ）の厚さがそれぞれ０．５ｍｍ、２．０ｍｍである。実施例８も、実施形態３に係る内装建材１’’に関するものであり、基材２’’が厚さ９．０ｍｍの合板ボードよりなり、フェノール樹脂が含浸されたセルロースナノファイバー成形体３’’の厚さが２．０ｍｍである。一方、比較例５は、基材が厚さ９．０ｍｍの合板ボードよりなり、厚さが２．７ｍｍのＭＤＦが積層されている。比較例６は、厚さ３．２ｍｍの無機ボードそのものである。 As shown in FIG. 6, Examples 6 and 7 relate to the interior building material 1'' according to the third embodiment, in which the base material 2'' is an inorganic board made of rock wool or the like having a thickness of 3.2 mm, and the thickness of the cellulose nanofiber molded body 3'' (PFCNF) impregnated with phenolic resin is 0.5 mm and 2.0 mm, respectively. Example 8 also relates to the interior building material 1'' according to the third embodiment, in which the base material 2'' is a plywood board having a thickness of 9.0 mm, and the thickness of the cellulose nanofiber molded body 3'' impregnated with phenolic resin is 2.0 mm. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 5, the base material is a plywood board having a thickness of 9.0 mm, and MDF having a thickness of 2.7 mm is laminated. Comparative Example 6 is an inorganic board having a thickness of 3.2 mm.
図６に示すように、ＭＤＦが積層された内装建材である比較例５を基準とした場合、比較例６の無機ボードそのものだと、それよりも若干凹みが大きく弱いことが分かる。一方、実施例６～８では、いずれも凹みが十分に減ることが分かった。特に実施例６は、表面層の厚みが１／５程度に減っているものの、その凹みは４割程度に減っている。 As shown in Figure 6, when using Comparative Example 5, an interior building material with laminated MDF, as a standard, the inorganic board of Comparative Example 6 itself is found to have slightly larger and weaker dents. On the other hand, it was found that the dents were sufficiently reduced in all of Examples 6 to 8. In particular, in Example 6, although the thickness of the surface layer was reduced to about 1/5, the dents were reduced to about 40%.
なお、セルロースナノファイバー成形体３’’の厚さを薄くしすぎると、基材の影響を受けやすくなるので、基材２’’そのものの硬度が低いと、凹みは大きくなる傾向にあることも分かった。しかし、無機ボードなどで基材２’’そのものの硬度が高い場合には、セルロースナノファイバー成形体３’’の厚さも薄くできるので、その結果として軽量化及び低コストを実現できる。 In addition, if the thickness of the cellulose nanofiber molded body 3'' is made too thin, it becomes susceptible to the influence of the substrate, and it was found that if the hardness of the substrate 2'' itself is low, the dents tend to become larger. However, if the substrate 2'' itself is hard, such as an inorganic board, the thickness of the cellulose nanofiber molded body 3'' can be made thin, resulting in lighter weight and lower costs.
以上説明したように、本実施形態の内装建材１，１’，１’’は、製造、運搬及び施工を含めた建築物のＣＯ２の削減を目的として生物由来素材であるＣＮＦの成形体が積層された軽量及び高強度で傷が付きにくい内装建材である。 As described above, the interior building materials 1, 1', and 1'' of this embodiment are lightweight, high-strength, and scratch-resistant interior building materials made by laminating molded bodies of CNF, a biological material, with the aim of reducing CO2 emissions from buildings, including their manufacturing, transportation, and construction.
（その他の実施形態）
本発明は、上記実施形態について、以下のような構成としてもよい。
Other Embodiments
The present invention may be configured as follows with respect to the above embodiment.
すなわち、上記実施形態では、内装建材１，１’，１’’が床材の場合について説明したが、ドア、壁、パーティションなどその他の内装建材にも適用できる。このように用途を拡大することで、さらなるＣ０２排出量削減への貢献が期待できる。 That is, in the above embodiment, the interior construction materials 1, 1', 1'' are described as floor materials, but the present invention can also be applied to other interior construction materials such as doors, walls, and partitions. By expanding the applications in this way, it is expected to contribute to further reduction of CO2 emissions.
なお、以上の実施形態は、本質的に好ましい例示であって、本発明、その適用物や用途の範囲を制限することを意図するものではない。 Note that the above embodiments are essentially preferred examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, its applications, or uses.
１，１’，１’’ 内装建材
２，２’，２’’ 基材（木質ボード、無機ボード）
３，３’’ セルロースナノファイバー成形体
1,1',1'' Interior building materials
2, 2', 2'' Substrate (wood board, inorganic board)
3,3'' Cellulose nanofiber molding
Claims (6)
ことを特徴とする内装建材。 An interior building material comprising a cellulose nanofiber molded body laminated onto a substrate made of a wood board.
ことを特徴とする内装建材。 An interior building material comprising a cellulose nanofiber molded body laminated on a substrate made of an inorganic board.
ことを特徴とする請求項１又は２に記載の内装建材。 3. The interior building material according to claim 1, wherein the cellulose nanofiber molded body is impregnated with a thermosetting resin.
ことを特徴とする請求項１又は２に記載の内装建材。 3. The interior building material according to claim 1, wherein the layer of the cellulose nanofiber molded body has a thickness of 0.5 mm or more and 2.0 mm or less.
ことを特徴とする請求項１又は２に記載の内装建材。 The interior building material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it is a flooring material having a layer of the cellulose nanofiber molded body as a surface material.
ことを特徴とする請求項１又は２に記載の内装建材。 3. The interior building material according to claim 1, further comprising a decorative finish layer formed on a surface side of the cellulose nanofiber molded body.
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