JP2022533605A - 水性ガスシフト反応用のクロムを含まない鉄系触媒とその使用方法 - Google Patents
水性ガスシフト反応用のクロムを含まない鉄系触媒とその使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 248
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 23
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 48
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 16
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N CuO Inorganic materials [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical group [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc oxide Inorganic materials [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 37
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 31
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 29
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 27
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 10
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrosoferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(6+) Chemical compound [Cr+6] JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000383 hazardous chemical Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 H 2 Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000011510 cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000711 cancerogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000357 carcinogen Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000003183 carcinogenic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromium trioxide Chemical compound O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004231 fluid catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012263 liquid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003389 potentiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000700 radioactive tracer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009528 severe injury Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013112 stability test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012430 stability testing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、米国エネルギー省によって授与された協力協定番号:DE-FE0023577の下での支援を受けてなされた。政府は、本発明において一定の権利を有する。
例示的な高温水性ガスシフト触媒の性能を、シミュレートされた合成ガス混合物を用いた充填床マイクロリアクターシステムにおいて評価した。マイクロリアクターシステムのプロセスフロー図を図2に示す。
本明細書に記載の触媒の性能と比較するために、市販の高温水性ガスシフト触媒の性能を評価した。比較用の市販の触媒として、クラリアントから市販されているShiftmax120(登録商標)を使用した。Shiftmax120(登録商標)は、固定床反応器での高温水性ガスシフト反応に使用されるFe/Cr触媒である。図3Aおよび3Bは、市販の触媒の性能を示している。図3Aは、温度の関数としてのCO転化率を示し、図3Bは、500時間の流通でのCO転化率を示している。
酸化鉄含有量が0~65重量%で異なる一連の触媒を調製し、性能試験を行った。表4に、調製した触媒の鉄含有量を示す。追加の成分は、表に示していない。示している量は、触媒総重量の重量%である。
図4からわかるように、CO転化率として表される触媒活性は、触媒サンプル中の鉄含有量の増加とともに増大した。鉄含有量が55~60重量%の触媒サンプルは、400℃以上の反応温度で平衡CO転化率値を達成した。さらに、鉄含有量がより高い触媒は、低温(350℃未満)でも優れた活性を示した。予想通り、鉄を含まない触媒は、非常に低調な性能を示した。
触媒性能を評価するために、3種類の促進剤を試験した。
表7は、これらのサンプルの触媒組成と特性評価結果におけるMgOとCeO2の含有量を示している。図7は、触媒性能の結果を示している。表7の触媒特性は、MgOまたはCeO2の添加が、触媒のBET表面積と耐摩耗性にほとんど影響を与えなかったことを示している。しかし、図7は、両方の添加剤が触媒活性に悪影響を及ぼしたことを示している。追加の成分は、表に含まれていない。示している量は、触媒の総重量の重量%である。
45~65重量%のFe酸化物、5~15重量%のCu酸化物、および4~6重量%のK酸化物を含む組成物を有する例示的な触媒を長期触媒試験で使用し、その安定性を評価した。図8は、時間単位の流通時間の関数としての触媒性能の結果を示している。図8に示すように、例示的な触媒は、メタン形成に対する無視できる選択性で、約200時間の流通時間にわたって安定したCO転化率を示した。安定したCO転化率は、約75%であることが見出され、これは、約78%のCO転化率を有する試験した市販のHT-WGS触媒によって示されたものに匹敵する。
45~65重量%の酸化鉄、5~15重量%のCuO、4~6重量%のK2CO3および30~55重量%のZnO+Al2O3の組成を有する追加のサンプルの長期安定性を試験した。図9は、CO転化率を時間単位の流通時間の関数としてプロットすることによる長期安定性試験の結果を示している。
Claims (18)
- 流動床反応器における水性ガスシフト反応で使用するための流動化可能で耐摩耗性のクロムを含まない触媒であって、前記触媒は、
45~70重量%のFe2O3、
5~15重量%CuO、
20~35重量%のAl2O3、
10~25重量%のZnO、
1~15重量%のK2CO3、
を含み、前記触媒は、15以下のDavison指数(DI)を有する、クロムを含まない触媒。 - 15重量%以下のアルカリ成分をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の触媒。
- 前記アルカリ成分が、K2CO3としてのカリウムである、請求項2に記載の触媒。
- 約4~6重量%のK2CO3を含む、請求項3に記載の触媒。
- 約50~60重量%のFe2O3を含む、請求項1に記載の触媒。
- 約20~25重量%のAl2O3を含む、請求項1に記載の触媒。
- 約10~15重量%のZnOを含む、請求項1に記載の触媒。
- 約5~10重量%のCuOおよび任意に0~15重量%のMgOおよび/または任意に0~15重量%のCeO2を含む、請求項1に記載の触媒。
- 前記DIが、約5~約7である、請求項1に記載の触媒。
- 約10~60m2/gのBET表面積を有する、請求項1に記載の触媒。
- 約0.8~約1.8g/mlの密度を有する、請求項1に記載の触媒。
- 一酸化炭素(CO)を二酸化炭素(CO2)に変換する方法であって、前記方法は、1:1~3:1のモル比を有するH2OとCOを、作動温度を有する流動床反応器に導入することを含み、前記反応器は、クロムを含まない触媒を含み、前記触媒は、7以下のDavison指数を有し、約375℃~約450℃の作動温度でのCO転化率が、少なくとも60%である、方法。
- 約375℃~約450℃の作動温度でのCO転化率が、約60%~85%である、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 約375℃~410℃の作動温度でのCO転化率が、少なくとも約70%である、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 約375℃~410℃の作動温度でのCO転化率が、少なくとも約75%である、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 約375℃~約450℃の作動温度でのメタン生成に対する選択性が、2%未満である、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 約375℃~約450℃の作動温度で少なくとも60%の平均CO転化率が、少なくとも200時間維持される、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記触媒が、Fe2O3、CuO、Al2O3、ZnOおよびK2CO3を含む、請求項12に記載の方法。
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JPS5360891A (en) * | 1976-11-10 | 1978-05-31 | Shell Int Research | Manufacture of hydrogen enriched gas |
JP2007083197A (ja) * | 2005-09-26 | 2007-04-05 | Mitsubishi Gas Chem Co Inc | 銅−亜鉛−アルミニウム系触媒の製造方法 |
US20090152500A1 (en) * | 2007-12-17 | 2009-06-18 | Chao Chen | Iron-Based Water Gas Shift Catalyst |
JP2009241036A (ja) * | 2008-03-31 | 2009-10-22 | Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd | 一酸化炭素転換触媒用組成物からなる一酸化炭素転換用触媒、それを用いた一酸化炭素除去方法 |
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