JP2022101921A - A method for decomposing and cleaning residual pesticides and soil nitrate nitrogen decomposition and cleaning of crops and soil and processed foods, beverages, crude drug raw materials and sewage residue by wood-rotting fungi. - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a technology that balances increased food production and control of environmental pollution that can cope with the increasing population.SOLUTION: After the agrochemicals used on the crops fulfilled their function, the ascomycetes white wood-rotting fungus having the characteristics of mycorrhizal fungus is used to decompose the agrochemicals remaining on the crops and soil.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

In the present invention, residual components of plants, chemical fertilizers and pesticides used in agriculture worldwide are decomposed and detoxified by using white truffle Tuber, which is a mycorrhizal fungus of ascospores and wood decay. , Safe and secure food, processed food, beverage, tea, technology to produce fertilizer.

The world society of the 20th century is 100 years when we built a carbon society, wasted the limited resources of the earth, and sought a comfortable life and prosperity. However, in the 21st century, many problems and issues have emerged, as if the "tsuke" had emerged all at once. Furthermore, as if to catch up, the new coronavirus in 2020 has shaken the foundations of human society, and unless the biggest problem of overcoming the plague is solved, it will bear the task of not being able to see the future of humankind. .. If humanity is not healthy, all industries will not be possible. In the future, health will become a society that is maintained by its own "immunity", and awareness of health will increase very rapidly in the future.

At this time, the problem is the "residual pesticides" in the foods we eat every day. Completely pesticide-free food is ideal, but it cannot cover the current population. Undernourishment immediately leads to a weakening of "immunity", and in poor countries, plague and hunger can be disastrous. To prevent this hunger and weakened immunity, pesticides and fertilizers must be used extensively to secure food.

For vegetables and fruits cultivated in Japan, pesticides are sprayed at least 6 times before harvesting, and at most 60 times or more, and the amount of pesticides used per ha (2010) is 12.1 kg in China and South Korea. It is the third largest in the world after. If you eat crops cultivated in such a situation, you will have to ingest residual pesticides, but these residual pesticides are greatly involved in human immunity, and it is inevitable that the "immunity" will decline. The new corona has demonstrated that the strength of immunity affects the survival of humankind.

It is an urgent task to develop a technology that satisfies the two most difficult problems of human survival, that is, securing food that can cover future population growth while producing food that does not diminish immunity without residual pesticides that are safe and secure. be. Today's world agriculture uses large amounts of pesticides and fertilizers to feed the growing world population, and the problem of residual pesticides (herbicides) residual nitrate nitrogen is not limited to food and soil. Therefore, pollution of livestock feed by spraying antibiotics and herbicides on non-agricultural land has become a serious problem such as impact on rivers, oceans, global environment and biological ecosystems. In particular, the new corona that shook the whole world in 2020 exposed the problem of human immune decline, and the world had to solve the new problem of fighting the plague.

The world population, which was about 1.6 billion in 1900 at the beginning of the 20th century, surged to 7.7 billion in 2019. This rapid increase in population was made possible by the increased production of fertilizers and pesticides produced by ammonia synthesis, invented by Haber Bosch invented in the early 1900s. In order to support the population that is expected to increase in the future, it is said that it will be necessary to cultivate more fertilizers and use a large amount of pesticides in the future. Due to global warming, poor growth and weakening due to high temperature damage induce outbreaks of pests. This environmental change has progressed to the point of threatening the proper production of crops, forcing the use of more chemical fertilizers, pesticides and herbicides to ensure yields. This further increased energy consumption for fertilizer production by the Haber-Bosch process, including oil depletion, promotion of global warming by soil residual nitrate nitrogen, destruction of biological ecosystems, and disappearance of tropical rain forests in the 21st century. It is no exaggeration to say that many of the important problems and issues that humankind must solve are agricultural problems.

It is said that the current food production will drop sharply to 60% if high fertilizer cultivation and pesticide use are not carried out, and each country in the world is willing to continue using pesticides from the standpoint of stable food production. In particular, grain cultivation is a "fight against weeds", and the most abundant pesticide used is "herbicides". The amount of this herbicide used will continue to increase in the future, and it is moving in the opposite direction of food safety and security, but otherwise it will not be possible to support the growing population. .. The world of the 21st century is tasked with solving food safety and hunger, pesticides and immunity at the same time. Even if a vaccine, a silver bullet for the new coronavirus, is made, residual pesticides may hide in the body and weaken the immune system, and the same thing may be repeated for the next plague.

Various methods have been proposed as means for treating pesticides remaining in soil such as agricultural land and accumulated chemical fertilizers, but physical methods (for example, Patent Documents 1 to 3) have a large amount. It has to be treated with soil and complicated equipment is used, and it is not widely used in practice. Further, in the chemical treatment method (for example, Patent Document 4), it is necessary to spray the required amount over a wide area, and since it remains as it is in the soil as a treatment agent, it may not be used depending on the crop. Further, as a treatment method using microorganisms, not only specific pesticides (Patent Documents 5 to 7) but also general-purpose (Patent Document 8) microorganisms have been proposed, but the growth of these microorganisms is not considered. Therefore, it eventually died, and the effect was limited.

On the other hand, pesticides remaining in the harvest must be removed after ensuring the safety of the object, and washing with water is mainly performed, but it is difficult to completely remove them, especially for growing crops. It was not effective in removing pesticides remaining in the body. As described above, a method for easily and safely removing harmful substances existing in a familiar environment such as agricultural products and their cultivated land has been desired.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2019-181403 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2016-010768 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2013-220419 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2010-017219 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2011-031180 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2010-017086 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2005-065614 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-232875

As mentioned above, human beings have developed pesticides to secure foods that can support the growth of the population, and by using raw materials with residual pesticides, almost all foods, foods, processed foods and beverages have been contaminated with pesticides. .. When food production was carried out to secure food, this pesticide lowered the immunity of human beings, had a great impact on the biological ecosystem, and even arranged the global environment.

In the natural world, there is a natural law that toxic substances produced by living things are always decomposed, detoxified and purified by living things. Only humans make chemical compounds that cannot be decomposed and detoxified. Originally, science should develop "antidotes" that aim at "decomposition, detoxification, and purification" at the same time when making toxic pesticides, but in pursuit of profit without doing so. The result of running is the root of the current residual problem. When considering the above-mentioned laws of nature, the present inventor must solve this problem unless "decomposing and detoxifying pesticides" in accordance with the laws of nature if food cannot be secured without using pesticides in the future. I came up with the idea.

The present inventor has filed three patent applications in consideration of "completely pesticide-free cultivation" and "reduced fertilizer and pesticide-free cultivation" (Japanese Patent Application No. 2019-164530, Japanese Patent Application No. 2019-164410, Japanese Patent Application No. 2020-142873).
However, at present, on the contrary, it is expected that the production and usage of pesticides will increase more and more in the future, and when looking at the world's agriculture, sales of "reduced fertilizers, reduced pesticides and pesticide-free cultivation" that require advanced technology will decrease. Since it is expected that some countries will be short of food due to the above, the present inventor decomposes residual pesticides from foods, processed foods, beverages, and the environment by performing detoxification agent treatment even if pesticides are used. We considered detoxification and cleansing, and using pesticides to prevent human immunity and environmental destruction.

In order to completely decompose, detoxify and purify residual pesticides from foods, processed foods, beverages and the environment, not only pesticides adhering to the surface of crops but also pesticides accumulated in growing plants and crops However, such a technique has not been known in the past. Also, since this pesticide residue problem is now common throughout the world, it must be a technology that can be implemented worldwide.

Almost all toxic compounds as bioactive substances produced by natural organisms as metabolites are decomposed and detoxified by wood-rotting fungi and white wood-rotting fungi as the first decomposer in the natural world. It is kept in this purification system. The present inventor pays attention to the laws and laws of the great nature of the earth, and if this natural purification system is introduced for the decomposition and detoxification of residual pesticides, the current population can be produced while producing safe and secure food. Furthermore, we thought that it would be possible to produce food that could cope with the expected population growth in the future.
Furthermore, the problem of food circulation of residual pesticides extends not only to crops, but also to meat, eggs, dairy products from feeds containing residual pesticides, marine products from seawater contaminated with pesticides, and fish. Pollution has progressed to the point where there is no safe food.

Residual pesticides that affect the ecosystem of the area around the field are not the standard of residual concentration at the time of harvesting and shipping at the time of human-oriented harvesting, but the problem of pesticides remaining in the area during cultivation and growth. From the above viewpoint, the present inventor cannot conserve the biological ecosystem unless it decomposes, detoxifies, and purifies the residual pesticides in the growing process during crop cultivation together with the residual pesticides at the time of harvest. Thought. In other words, in other words, after spraying pesticides and herbicides, after the effects appear, if the decomposition and detoxification are promptly performed, all the above problems should be solved. Furthermore, by decomposing and removing residual pesticides in agricultural products that are raw materials for processed foods, safe and secure processed foods, beverages, teas and the like can be produced.

As mentioned earlier, the problem of food circulation of residual pesticides extends not only to crops, but also to meat, eggs, dairy products from feeds containing residual pesticides, marine products from seawater contaminated with pesticides, and fish. Contamination has progressed to the point where there is no safe and secure food on the earth, but the above pollution is caused by the decomposition and removal of residual pesticides in crops that are raw materials for feed and residual pesticides in fields and other pesticide spraying areas. It is suppressed.

In order to decompose and detoxify residual pesticides, Pezizales sp. The object of the present invention cannot be achieved unless the fungicide resistance is superior to that of the fungus. Therefore, the present inventor has assumed that the ascomycete wood-rotting fungus that forms fruiting bodies in the soil may have various environmental conditions and resistance to various germs in the soil. It contains strong antibacterial activity and bioactive substances such as antibiotics and biological poisons produced by various microorganisms living in the soil to form the next generation of offspring in the soil. This is because it is necessary to decompose and clean the harmful components.

From such a point of view, the present inventor entrusted the hope of "white" belonging to Tuber ssp. We focused on the "truffle" Tuber magnatum fungus. This white truffle Tuber bacterium has been used in high-class cuisine as the best mushroom in Western countries for centuries as a feeding bacterium, is harmless to humans and animals, and grows naturally all over the world. The present inventor focused on this white truffle Tuber bacterium and conducted an enormous amount of tests to elucidate the whole picture of its characteristics, and elucidated 31 rare characteristics not found in other microorganisms shown in Table 1 below. ..

The reason for focusing on the white truffle Tuber fungus is that the fungus with the strongest decomposition ability on the earth is a white wood-rotting fungus that can decompose lignin. However, there is no fungus that kills plants like the fungus, and it is a fungus that is harmless to plants in order to decompose residual pesticides in growing crops. Although it has evolved into a mycorrhizal fungus that supports the growth of plants, it forms offspring (so-called truffles) in the soil, is an absolutely safe fungus against humans, livestock, and living organisms, and has strong antibacterial activity. It is a fungus that can live in various soils in the cold and tropical areas of the world.

White truffle Tuber is a mushroom fungus that grows naturally in basic alkaline soils such as Italy and France (Fig. 2), and belongs to the family Rhizopogon roseae and the genus Rhizopogon rose. In recent years, new species of Tuber spp., Which are closely related to each other, have been discovered one after another in various areas of the world, and about 160 species have been discovered and registered from the northern hemisphere to the southern hemisphere, and it is said that about 15 species grow naturally in Japan. There is.

In addition, a large amount of mycelium is required to achieve the present invention by using it with the white truffle Tuber bacterium and to carry it out worldwide, but the present inventor succeeded in mass culturing the white truffle Tuber bacterium for the first time in the world. (Fig. 8).

Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to the white truffle Tuber bacterium, and it is possible to use 160 kinds of Tuber ssp. Bacteria such as most of the genus Tuber, black truffle, and Chinese black truffle. Furthermore, since the fungi of the genus Pezizales., Which are closely related species, have similar characteristics (Japanese Patent Application No. 2019-164530), among the ascomycetes white wood-rotting fungi, "mycorrhizal fungi" It is suggested that other tuberaceae, tuberaceae, and pezizales fungi with characteristics can be used. For example, among the fungi of the family Chawandake, it is considered that there is a possibility of Ochawandake, Benichawandake, Kurochawandake, Tanukinochawandake, Kuriirochawandake, and Nisekuriirochawandake.

The basis of wood-rotting fungi is the primary degrading fungus that has survived in nature by feeding on dead leaves, wind-fallen trees, lignin such as dead plants, cellulose, and other physiologically active substances. It is said that there are more than tens of thousands of fungi in the world, including basidiomycetes and ascomycetes. However, there are only a few of these, such as orchids, matsutake mushrooms, and truffles, which coexist with living plants even though they are wood-rotting fungi and have the characteristics of "mycorrhizal fungi" to support the growth of plants. In order to achieve the object of the present invention, it must be a mycorrhizal fungus that coexists with a living plant even though it is a wood-rotting fungus and supports the growth of the plant. This is because it is not possible to decompose and detoxify the pesticides remaining in the living crops that are being cultivated without such bacteria. If it simply decomposes pesticide residues in crop residues, it can be used with basidiomycete wood-rotting fungi such as shiitake mushrooms that decompose plant carcasses, but it cannot be used for living and growing crops.

White truffles are the most difficult mushrooms to grow, and the fruiting bodies of this fungus are harmless to humans and animals that have been tasted as the most expensive mushrooms in the world as edible mushrooms. It is a mushroom that has been eaten for hundreds of years and has no known toxicity. The most important factor that the present inventor paid attention to this white truffle Tuber bacterium is that it is a safe and secure mushroom bacterium. Furthermore, it has a rare property among wood-rotting fungi, which has the property of a safe "mycorrhizal fungus" that does not harm crops.

When the mycorrhizal fungus of White Truffle Tuber coexists with the root of the plant, the root of the plant changes to a root without "root hair". FIG. 9 (1) shows the mycorrhiza of cattleya that coexisted with the orchid bacterium and has no root hair.
On the other hand, the strawberry shown in FIG. 9 (2) has root hairs, which are vulnerable to drying and have weak water absorption, so that when the soil dries, the plants are greatly damaged. Wild plants coexist with mycorrhizal fungi to avoid this risk and use the mycelial hyphae as a substitute for root hairs to withstand desiccation by utilizing the strong water absorption capacity of the mycelium. In addition, white wood-rotting fungi such as the white truffle Tuber fungus decompose dead leaves, lignin of dead plants, and cellose to produce glucose, which is supplied to plants and complements the photosynthesis of plants. At the same time, minerals, oxygen and nitrogen are also supplied to prevent continuous cropping disorders. In addition, many mycorrhizal fungi have strong antibacterial activity to put the diseased bacteria to sleep and protect the plants from the disease. Since plants can store sufficient energy by coexisting with mycorrhizal fungi, they increase "heat resistance" and "cold resistance", and perennial plants maintain their health for many years. It is said that the 7000-year-old Daio Sugi on Yakushima is an example.

Hereinafter, aspects of the present invention will be shown.
[1] A method for decomposing and cleaning residual harmful compounds in a substance containing or adhering to residual harmful compounds, using ascomycete white wood-rotting fungi having the characteristics of mycorrhizal fungi.
[2] The decomposition and cleaning method according to [1], wherein the ascomycete white wood-rotting fungus having the characteristics of mycorrhizal fungi is a fungus selected from Tuberaceae, Rhizopogonaceae, or Chawandake family.
[3] The decomposition and cleaning method according to [1], wherein the ascomycete white wood-rotting fungus having the characteristics of mycorrhizal fungi is the white truffle Tuber fungus.
[4] The decomposition and cleaning method according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the substance containing or adhering to the residual harmful compound is plant, animal excrement, sewage sludge or soil.
[5] The decomposition cleaning method according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the residual compound is a residual pesticide.
[6] The decomposition and cleaning method according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the residual compound is an antibiotic contained in animal excrement.
[7] Ascomycete with mycorrhizal characteristics Stable cultivation method of plants using white wood-rotting fungi [8] Ascomycetes with mycorrhizal characteristics White wood-rotting fungi are tuberaceae and tuberaceae. , Or the method for stable cultivation of a plant according to [7], which is a fungus selected from the family Tuberaceae.
[9] The method for stable cultivation of a plant according to [7], wherein the ascomycete white wood-rotting fungus having the characteristics of mycorrhizal fungi is the white truffle Tuber fungus.

Since the diluted solution of white truffle Tuber suspension is liquid, it can be used with a jouro, a sprayer, an airplane, a drone, etc. according to the usual method of spraying pesticides. However, it is not limited to the suspension diluent, and it can also be used as a powder or granule carrying the white truffle Tuber bacterium obtained by mass culturing, and it can be selected according to the place and the object. Just do it.
In the case of herbicides, the amount used per area is small, so in order to decompose and purify the herbicide, a suspension of white truffle Tuber bacteria may be sprayed until the plant residue is sufficiently wet.

To decompose residual pesticides in the body during crop growth, spray 200 to 500 L of white truffle Tuber suspension diluted solution 30 to 50 times per 10 a between 24 hours and 48 hours of pesticide spraying.
At this time, the spreading agent may be added to a predetermined concentration, and 5 g of white sugar may be added per 1 L of the diluted solution. When white sugar is added, the disease-causing bacteria in the phyllosphere and rhizosphere are inactivated, and the white truffle Tuber bacteria can be fixed with nitrogen in the air to enable reduced fertilizer, reduced pesticide and pesticide-free cultivation.
Since the medicinal effects of both insecticides and fungicides appear for about 24 hours after spraying, it is important not to do so before this.

In order to decompose the herbicide component of weeds, in the case of foliage, 24 to 48 hours after spraying the herbicide, a diluted solution of White Truffle Tuber fungus suspension should be sprayed to the extent that the foliage is sufficiently wet. In the case of residual pesticide decomposition of the agent treatment residue (withered residue), even if the weeds are withered by spraying the herbicide, the herbicide component remains in this residue, and after the residue is decomposed, it contaminates the soil. Therefore, it is advisable to spray the dead weed residue with a 30 to 50-fold solution of the white truffle Tuber suspension diluted solution to the extent that it is sufficiently wet.
In the case of field weed cutting residue and herbicide residue, fruit tree grass cultivated residue is sprayed with a 50-fold diluted solution from 30 to 50-fold diluted solution of white truffle Tuber (addition of spreading agent, per 1 L of white sugar diluted solution). Add 5 to 10 g). Then, white truffle Tuber bacteria grow and propagate in the residue in about 7 to 15 days, and at the same time, the pesticide and herbicide components are decomposed and detoxified, the soil disease bacteria are put to sleep, and at the same time, the residual nitrate nitrogen in the soil is decomposed. It can be regenerated into a field where white truffle Tuber bacteria can be cultivated with reduced fertilizer, reduced pesticide and no pesticide by fixing nitrogen in the air.

The following two methods can be considered for decomposing pesticides remaining in the soil.
<Method 1> How to propagate white truffle Tuber bacteria in soil in advance Early spring or about 15 to 30 days before cultivating crops, dilute 30 to 50 times white truffle Tuber bacteria suspension in 200 to 300 L per 10 a. Carefully spray on the soil surface (add 5 to 10 g per 1 L of white sugar diluent). After spraying, it is important not to plow (plow will cut the hyphae of the white truffle Tuber fungus and destroy the fungal network).
In this way, the white truffle Tuber bacterium grows on the surface of the earth, and the soil disease bacterium can be put to sleep. After that, even if pesticides and herbicides are sprayed, the white truffle Tuber bacteria do not die, and the pesticides and herbicide components that have fallen on the soil are decomposed and detoxified, and the crops are rooted by constantly maintaining them in clean soil. It is possible to prevent the absorption of pesticide components.
Explaining this in Fig. 3, the left figure shows the pesticide used in the previous crop remaining not only in the crop but also in the soil. In addition to crops, there is less pesticide residue in the soil. If the next product is cultivated in such soil, the amount of residual pesticides contained in the next crop will be very small as shown in the figure on the right.

<Method 2> Method of spraying white truffle Tuber bacteria on the soil after weeds grow After weeds grow, spray spray 30 to 50 times diluted solution of white truffle Tuber bacteria to the soil. (Addition of spreading agent, 5 to 10 g per 1 L of white sugar diluted solution).
Pesticides and herbicides are sprayed a few days after spraying. With this, the white truffle Tuber bacteria can decompose and detoxify pesticides and herbicides.

Since the white truffle Tuber bacterium grows and propagates at 0 ° C to 5 ° C even under snow, soil bacteria may dormant at low temperatures and do not decompose when the herbicide is sprayed in autumn.
By spraying 200 to 300 L of white truffle Tuber bacterial suspension 50-fold diluted solution (with white sugar added) per 10a in late autumn, the herbicide residual components can be decomposed and the simultaneous disease bacteria can be put to sleep.

In addition, as will be described later, since the white truffle Tuber bacterium has the ability to decompose toxic components such as fungicides and insecticides, the fungicides and insecticides are sprayed with a spraying device as shown in FIG. 7 (example of cherry farm). do. Therefore, if the white truffle Tuber bacterial suspension is sprayed using the same spraying device one to two days after the fungicide or insecticide is effective, the fungicide or insecticide that has played a role can be decomposed. Therefore, the residual amount of the fungicide and the insecticide can be significantly reduced.

High-concentration nitrate nitrogen and bacteria that do not coexist with crops inhabit the sewage residue, and it is known that crops do not grow well even if they are applied to the field as they are, and they are incinerated in many cases.
The sewage residue is flattened to a height of 15 to 20 cm, to which a suspension of white truffle Tuber bacteria is added and the humidity is maintained at about 80%. The white truffle Tuber bacterium propagates in a saturated state in about 7 to 15 days in a temperature range of 0 ° C to 50 ° C and is completed.
White truffle Tuber fungus is a "mycorrhizal fungus" that helps crops and has the ability to put soil disease fungi to sleep. It can be modified into a soil conditioner, and it is possible to build a recycling-type agriculture.

FIG. 4 (1) shows cabbage, and FIG. 4 (2) shows the residual after harvesting of corn. In particular, the pesticide components contained in the residues of crops harvested in autumn become colder toward the cold season in temperate regions, so bacteria and microorganisms lose their activity and cannot decompose the residues, and the pesticide components are in the soil. Remains. In addition to residual pesticides, disease-causing bacteria inhabit the crop residues after harvesting.
To remove such crop residue pesticide residues, spread the crop residue on the ground surface and spray a 50 to 100 times diluted white truffle Tuber bacterium suspension (5 to 1 L of white sugar diluted solution). Add 10g from). As a result, the disease-causing bacteria of the crop residue can be put to sleep and the disease of the next crop can be prevented. Residual pesticides contained in crop residues can be decomposed and the crop residues can be used as a raw material for carbon cycle in the field.

A variety of processed foods are produced from various crop raw materials, but in most cases, residual pesticides remain in these raw materials. To decompose residual pesticides from such raw materials, as shown in FIG. 5, during the food processing process, soak the raw material in a diluted solution of white truffle Tuber bacterium suspension for 1 to 2 hours, and then wash with water. The process may be inserted. By such treatment, it is possible to decompose and detoxify and purify most of the residual pesticides as raw materials.

In the tea leaf cultivation field, a large amount of pesticides (bactericides, pesticides) are sprayed (usually about 8 times) (Fig. 6 (1)), and about 100 types of pesticides for tea are registered as of 2020. Is used.
Naturally, the "tea" produced contains "residual pesticides" although it is below the standard value, and when tea is used, the residual pesticide components are naturally eluted at the same time as the tea leaf-containing components.
In addition, when making tea, it is almost impossible to identify the "tea plantation" by the analysis of the commercialized tea because the teas of multiple producers are blended.
This problem can be solved by inserting a residual pesticide decomposition detoxification and cleaning process into the processing process in the same way as processed foods. That is, as shown in FIG. 6 (4), before picking and steaming tea leaves, soak them in a diluted solution of white truffle Tuber bacterium suspension for 1 to several hours to clean them, then wash them with water and then perform the "steaming" step. Just do it. FIG. 6 (3) shows a conventional tea making process.

In order for the white truffle Tuber bacterium to propagate, a "carbon source" is required as an energy source. When white sugar is added as this carbon source, the white truffle Tuber bacterium grows and proliferates by using it as "feed". Specifically, a solution in which 10 g of sugar is dissolved per liter may be sprayed once a month at a pace of about 200 liters per 10 ares.

The difference between fungicides and pesticides is that pesticides do not have a significant effect on the white truffle Tuber bacterium. In addition, the white truffle Tuber bacterium does not decompose the insecticide component within 24 hours of spraying. This property can be used to mix and spray pesticides and white truffle Tuber suspensions. Most of the insecticides have an insecticidal effect in 24 hours after spraying, so it is desirable to quickly decompose, detoxify and clean the residual pesticides after that. It is possible to decompose the agent by spraying it once.

In the present invention, it was newly discovered that the white truffle Tuber bacterium is a bacterium that produces the plant hormone indole-3-acetic acid. By discovering this hormone production, we can produce safe and secure foods, which is the purpose of the present invention, and at the same time, mix this hormone with the white truffle Tuber bacterium suspension and spray it to decompose residual pesticides during growth. At the same time, promotion of growth enables stable production that is resistant to climate change, so production can be expected to increase.

The effects of the present invention are listed below.
1. 1. By decomposing and detoxifying residual pesticides by the white truffle Tuber bacterium, it is possible to produce and supply safe and secure food with few residual pesticide components. Since White Truffle Tuber bacteria are resistant to pesticides (fungicides, pesticides, herbicides), various pesticides can be decomposed even during growth, and a diluted solution of white truffle Tuber bacteria suspension for crops before harvesting. By spraying, it is possible to produce and supply safer agricultural products with less residual pesticides that consumers want. As a result, it is possible to secure both stable food and safe food, and to secure food that can cope with future population growth.
2. 2. Residual pesticide components adhering to the inside and outside of the crop by spraying pesticides such as fungicides, pesticides and herbicides during crop growth are 30-fold diluted solution of white truffle Tuber fungus suspension 12 to 48 hours after pesticide spraying. It can be decomposed and detoxified by foliar spraying on the above-ground part of the plant. This not only enables the production of safe and secure food and raw vegetables, but also prevents pesticide damage to the human body of growers, prevents chemical damage to flower-visiting insects such as honeybees, and preserves the ecosystem. can. In addition, since the herbicide can be decomposed quickly, it is possible to protect the global environment of soil, rivers and the sea.
3. 3. At the same time as the decomposition of residual pesticides, the white truffle Tuber bacterium suspension contains the plant hormone "Indol 3. Acetic acid" produced by the white truffle Tuber bacterium, which decomposes the residual pesticides and at the same time promotes the growth of crops and reduces fertilizer. High harvest is possible.
4. By immersing various processed food raw materials in a diluted solution of white truffle Tuber bacterium suspension for a certain period of time, it became possible to decompose and purify residual pesticides contained in the processed raw materials. This has made it possible to manufacture processed foods, beverages, tea, and crude drugs for safety and security.
5. By quickly decomposing and detoxifying pesticide components after controlling pests, pests, and weeds without reducing the effects of pesticides, it is possible to cultivate safe and secure crops while obtaining stable harvests, and the soil can also be cleaned. ..
6. Since white truffle Tuber has antibacterial activity and air nitrogen fixing ability, spraying the white truffle Tuber bacterium suspension on pre-cultivated and growing crops can be used to decompose and detoxify residual pesticides in the body and soil, and at the same time, soil. By inhabiting the white truffle Tuber bacterium, it is possible to cultivate with reduced fertilizer and reduced pesticides.
7. The method of the present invention has no limitation on the place of application, and can only detoxify the residual herbicide component by spraying the white truffle Tuber fungus suspension 24 hours to 48 hours after spraying the herbicide in an area other than the agricultural land. No, dead weeds can be decomposed, and contact adhesion of residual pesticides to the human body can be avoided, making these areas safer.
8. Since it can be carried out in cold to tropical fields, acidic and alkaline soils all over the world, it is possible to achieve both food safety and food security by preventing the devastation of the fields.
9. By purifying and regenerating nitrate nitrogen in the current field soil, the nutrient balance of the field can be adjusted and the field can grow healthy crops. Permanent preservation of this clean soil can prevent the disappearance of rainforests. Furthermore, nitrate nitrogen remaining in the soil is reduced to nitrogen oxide gas, which is a cause of global warming. Can solve the problem of emissions.
10. Since the white truffle Tuber fungus is a mycorrhizal fungus, it makes crop growth stable by supplementing the lack of photosynthesis of crops due to global warming, making it a crop resistant to pests, safe and stable food production, and stable sustainability. Agricultural management becomes possible.
11. Since it is harmless to humans and animals and white truffle Tuber is a bacterium that can survive and propagate in most areas of the earth, it is possible to carry out detoxification of residual pesticides in fields and non-agricultural lands around the world, and it remains. It is possible to prevent the destruction of the ecosystem by pesticides.
12. By decomposing and detoxifying food and ecosystem residual pesticide components, it is possible to prevent the decline of immunity of human beings and living organisms, and by suppressing the decline of "immunity" that has emerged as the most important issue in the world society in the future. It can be a human body, living thing, medical care, and society that is resistant to the epidemic of epidemics.
13. By decomposing and detoxifying antibiotics contained in livestock excrement and cultivating crops that do not contain antibiotics using the potting soil produced using this, antibiotics are used as foods that do not contain antibiotics. Can maintain the human body that can sustain the effect of.
14. Methane gas is generated using livestock excrement, and methane gas power generation is in the limelight worldwide and is entering the stage of widespread use. Is increasing. This problem can be solved by decomposing antibiotics with white truffle Tuber bacteria before putting livestock excrement into the methane gas generator.
15. For crops and fields where it is difficult to cultivate all pesticides, by combining the use of white truffle Tuber bacteria with the use of pesticides so far, even if pesticides are sprayed, the pesticides sprayed after the effects are exhibited are decomposed and detoxified. It is possible to produce safe food that is close to pesticide-free cultivation.
16. Decomposition and cleaning of pesticides can be done by mixing and spraying pesticides and white truffle Tuber suspension, and it is possible to kill pesticides and decompose residual pesticides in one operation.
17. Virus coexistence and after-corona society is a society where "immunity" is the keyword, but foods containing residual pesticides are considered to be one of the factors that reduce the "immunity" of human beings, and the present invention decomposes and purifies residual pesticides. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the weakening of human immunity.

World's acidic soil fields Alkaline soil fields in the world Previous pesticide residue, next pesticide residue conceptual diagram Image of crop residues Schematic diagram of the processed food manufacturing process (1) Spraying pesticides in the tea plantation (2) Immersing the piled tea leaves in a suspension of white truffle bacteria (3), (4) Tea making process diagram Decomposition and detoxification test of pesticide "fungicides" and "insecticides" by spraying cherry foliar diluted 50-fold diluted "white truffle" Tuber fungus suspension Mass culture of white truffle Tuber Mycorrhizal image in which white truffle mycorrhizal fungi coexist Effect of white truffle fungus on seedlings Cell permeability test of white truffle bacteria Resistance test against fungicides of white truffle bacteria Microbial antibacterial test of white truffle tuber. Alcohol fermentation yeast inactivation test by white truffle fungus Tuber. Neonicotinoid decomposition detoxification test of white truffle bacteria Various herbicides of white truffle bacteria Residual pesticide decomposition purification test Landup resistance test of white truffle Tuber bacteria Time course of Landup decomposition by white truffle Tuber bacteria Livestock excrement decomposition test by white truffle Tuber bacteria Pesticide-reduced cultivation of open-field strawberries with white truffle Tuber fungus Air nitrogen fixation test of white truffle Tuber bacteria Organic decomposition test of white truffle Tuber bacteria Soil growth test of white truffle Tuber fungus Strong acid soil growth test of white truffle Tuber Strong alkaline soil growth test of white truffle Tuber Low temperature growth test of white truffle Tuber High temperature growth and reproduction test of white truffle Tuber fungus Growth and reproduction test of white truffle Tuber fungus in insecticide diluted solution Insecticide effect test with various pesticide decomposition detoxified solutions by white truffle Tuber bacteria Nitrate nitrogen decomposition purification test containing sewage purification residue by white truffle Tuber bacteria White truffle Tuber sewage residue purified strawberry elevated cultivation and Chinese cabbage field cultivation test using Effect test of foliar application of white truffle Tuber culture suspension on plant and crop growth (plant hormone production test) White truffle Tuber fungus culture suspension spraying Rice growth test (plant hormone production test 2) Detoxification and decomposition test by spraying white truffle Tuber culture suspension on grass endophyte White truffle Tuber culture suspension of crops and plant tissues 30 Diluted solution Spray permeation time test White truffle Tuber bacterium suspension 30-fold diluted solution Skin permeability test

Hereinafter, examples of the present invention will be described, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

Test 1 <Liquid culture test of white truffle mycelium>
Culturing white truffles is the most difficult of all mushroom cultures, along with "Matsutake", and there is no successful mass cultivation of fruiting bodies and mycelia in the world.
FIG. 8 (1) shows the white truffle fruiting body lysed mycelium taken out on the white truffle basic medium.
FIG. 8 (2) shows an isolated colony (mycelium) in which hyphae grown from the lysed mycelium of (1) were cultured.
FIG. 8 (3) shows a state in which mycelium was collected from the isolated colony of (2) and cultured in large quantities.

[Composition and culture conditions of White Truffle Tuber basic medium]
Water 1000cc
Hyponex 3g (Liquid fertilizer, manufactured by Hyponex Japan Co., Ltd.)
White sugar 30g
Minimum temperature 5 ℃
Maximum 15 ℃
Standing, culturing in a bright place.

As shown in the above photograph, the white truffle fruiting body lysed mycelium was cultured in the above basal medium to form colonies, and a large amount of white truffle tuber could be cultured from the obtained colonies.

Test 2 <Biofilm production comparison test in liquid culture of white truffle bacterium Tuber. Monobacterium and white truffle bacterium Tuber. Rhizobium sp.
FIG. 8 (4) shows the biofilm shape and production of white truffle bacterium Tuber monoculture in the liquid medium of white truffle bacterium Tuber culture basic medium (right) and co-cultured with Rhizobium sp. (Left). image.
FIG. 8 (5) is a biofilm formed by co-culture of white truffle fungus Tuber. And rhizobia Rhizobium sp. (Enlarged photo)
FIG. 8 (6) is a biofilm image (enlarged photograph) formed by a liquid culture of white truffle bacterium Tuber.

As shown in the photo, although it is inferior to the flora formed by symbiotic symbiosis of rhizobia Rhizobium sp. (commercially available rhizobia) with white truffle tuber. A biofilm is formed.
The biofilm thus formed was crushed with a mixer, diluted with 100 times water, and used as a 100 times suspension of white truffle fungus Tuber. In various experiments.
As is clear from this test, White Truffle Tuber. Grow well in liquid medium. In order to carry out the present invention on a global scale, it is necessary to produce a large amount of white truffle tuber., But it is advantageous to be able to easily produce a biofilm in a liquid medium.

Test 3 <Experiment in which white truffle fungus Tuber. Does not harm plants and makes them healthy>
The seedlings of cabbage (left), Chinese cabbage (right) (Fig. 10 (1)) and mycorrhiza chrysanthemum (Fig. 10 (2)) were sprayed with a suspension of white truffle fungus Tuber. (3) and FIG. 10 (4). None of the seedlings were affected by the white truffle fungus Tuber. This suggests that the white truffle bacterium Tuber. Has a function as a mycorrhizal fungus.

Test 4 <Experiment in which white truffle tuber. Rapidly penetrates into plant and animal cells>
When a suspension of white truffle fungus Tuber. Was applied to the inflamed skin that was bitten by a mosquito (Fig. 11 (1)), the inflammation healed after a few minutes (Fig. 11 (2)). This indicates that the white truffle bacterium Tuber. Or its secretion rapidly penetrated the skin cells and decomposed the toxic component.

Test 5 <Fungicide resistant experiment of white truffle fungus Tuber.>
Benlate (FIG. 12 (1)) and procymidone (FIG. 12 (2)) were diluted and sprayed on the white truffle bacterium Tuber. Cultured in a beaker at a normal dilution ratio. The photographs were taken several days after spraying, and the white truffle fungus Tuber. Was not affected by any of the fungicides.

Test 6 <Microbial antibacterial test of white truffle tuber.>
White truffle bacterium Tuber. After making this medium, leave it indoors in a non-sterilized and released state. An airborne microbial reproduction test was conducted under the conditions of a culture temperature of a minimum of 15 ° C and a maximum of 25 ° C.
In FIG. 13 (1), 10 cc of finely crushed white truffle mycelium in a mortar was added to 100 cc of water to prepare a suspension (non-sterilized solution), which was added to the non-sterilized culture medium. The photograph shows the state after 7 days, and spores of airborne microorganisms should be constantly falling on the culture medium, but no microorganism colonies are formed. It can be inferred that the white truffle bacteria inactivate the falling spores of airborne microorganisms and prevent them from germinating.
FIG. 13 (2) shows the state on the 7th day after inoculating the non-sterilized culture medium with "black mold fungus" in advance to form colonies, and then adding the white truffle fungus suspension and culturing.
Just as the white truffle fungus eats the black mold colony, the hyphae are extended on the colony and the fungus is raised.
FIG. 13 (3) shows the state on the 7th day after inoculating "Penicillium" to form a colony in the same manner as in (2), and then adding and culturing the above-mentioned white truffle bacterium suspension.
Penicillium is a penicillium that produces the antibiotic penicillin and builds a blocking circle to prevent the invasion of other bacteria into the area. A white truffle flora is formed on the penicillium flora.

Test 7 <Alcohol fermentation yeast inactivation test by White truffle fungus Tuber.>
White truffle bacterium Tuber. Was aseptically inoculated on the sterilized culture medium of the white truffle basal medium, and alcohol-fermented yeast (yeast derived from sake lees) was inoculated in parallel with the sterilized culture medium.
Culture temperature 25 ° C. Standing, culturing in a bright place. The photograph (Fig. 14) shows the state after 10 days of the treatment culture. Due to the strong antibacterial ability of the white truffle fungus Tuber., The alcohol-fermented yeast was cultured at the optimum temperature, but the growth was suppressed and colonies were formed. However, the subsequent growth stopped.
This test demonstrated that the white truffle bacterium Tuber. Has the ability to inactivate yeast that ferments sugar with alcohol, so that the white truffle bacterium and rhizobia can be established and settled in the field. It has been proved that "sugar administration" is possible as a carbon source of.
This is because if sugar is administered to the soil in which the alcohol-producing yeast is still active, the sugar is converted into alcohol, which damages the white truffle fungus Tuber. And further damages the roots of the crop. ..

Test 8 <Neonicotinoid decomposition detoxification experiment of insecticide neonicotinoid of white truffle fungus Tuber.>
The world's most problematic pesticide residue in biological ecosystems is the "neonicotinoid agent". This pesticide has been used for pest control all over the world because of its excellent residual effect. However, due to the great impact of the residual components of this pesticide on various insect ecosystems, especially honeybees, bans are spreading around the world.
Based on the above, a decomposition and detoxification test of residual pesticides was conducted by spraying a diluted solution of "white truffle" Tuber bacteria using the neonicotinoid pesticide "nitempirum".

[Test method]
Test material Mycorrhiza chrysanthemum 2 trays.
Pesticide name Nitenpyram 100-fold diluted solution Residual pesticide decomposition antidote White truffle Tuber Bacterial suspension 100-fold solution Number of test implementations 2 times (Tests A and B)
Spray and spray nitenpyram 1000-fold diluted solution on 2 trays of mycorrhiza chrysanthemum.

[Test A]
B Unprocessed area Do nothing
(B) Treatment group 24 hours after spraying the nitenpyram agent, the white truffle Tuber suspension was sprayed in the same manner as the insecticide (Fig. 15 (1)).
[Sample collection and analysis]
The foliage of mycorrhizal truffles was collected from the trays of the untreated group and the treated group after 1 day for the untreated group and 6 days after the treated group, and 1 g of the sample ground in a mortar was mixed with 99 cc of honey to produce 100 g. A sample solution was prepared (Fig. 15 (2)), and using this as a sample, the concentration of residual pesticides 24 hours after spraying the nitempyram agent and the concentration of residual pesticides on the nitempilum agent 5 days after spraying the white truffle Tuber suspension were analyzed. ..
[Test B]
In Test A, spray the 1000-fold diluted solution of nitenpyram again on the two trays of the untreated group of mycorrhizal chrysanthemum and the white truffle Tuber bacteria-treated group. Later spraying white truffle Tuber fungus suspension [sample collection and analysis]
Five days after the treatment with the white truffle Tuber fungus, the foliage of mycorrhiza chrysanthemum was collected from the untreated plot and the treated plot, respectively, and ground, and the residual pesticide concentration was analyzed by the Mie Environmental Conservation Corporation in the same procedure as in Test A below. ..
The results are shown in Table 2 below. The following two types of pesticides were detected among the 10 types of pesticides tested, and it can be seen that the residual amount of pesticide was dramatically reduced by spraying the white truffle Tuber suspension.

Test 9 <Decomposition and detoxification test of pesticide components by soaking white truffle Tuber bacteria in tea leaves sprayed with pesticides>
Tea leaves A and B from Kangawae were soaked in white truffle Tuber fungus suspension for 2 hours during the tea making process according to the process shown in Fig. 16-2, and the residual pesticides in the completed tea leaves were analyzed by the Mie Environmental Conservation Corporation. As a result, as shown in the table below, the following 5 types were detected among the 120 types of pesticides tested, but all of them were below the standard value.

Test 10 <Decomposition and detoxification test of fungicides and insecticides by white truffle Tuber bacteria in cherry cultivation>
The cherries cultivated in the greenhouse are sprayed with fungicides and insecticides using the equipment shown in FIG. Therefore, 24 to 48 hours after the fungicide and insecticide were sprayed and the effect was exhibited, a 50-fold diluted solution of white truffle Tuber bacterium suspension was sprayed with the same device, and the residual pesticides of the harvested cherries from Tone were investigated. rice field.
As a result of having the Tsukuba Analysis Center analyze, the following 3 types of pesticides were detected among the 250 types of pesticides tested, but all of them were below the standard value.

Test 11 <Soil residual decomposition purification test of various herbicide residual components by white truffle Tuber bacteria>
At present, the world's agriculture is heavily weeded due to global warming, and herbicide-dependent agriculture is being carried out, and the problem of herbicide carcinogenicity is becoming more serious. One of the purposes of the present invention is to decompose and detoxify the soil residual component of the herbicide, which is currently a problem in various countries around the world, by the white truffle Tuber bacterium. By cleaning the soil, the inside of the crop can also be cleaned, enabling safe and secure small-quantity production. A test was conducted to verify the possibility of decomposition of the herbicide component by the white truffle Tuber bacterium.

[Test material]
Akadama soil granules were placed in No. 3 and 5 pots, and a diluted solution having a reference concentration for spraying each herbicide was sufficiently irrigated into the soil to prepare a test soil.
A 100-fold diluted solution of "white truffle" Tuber bacterium suspension was sprinkled on this with a watering can and left as it was for 10 days.
After 10 days, cabbage seeds were sown on each post.
In FIG. 16 (1), the herbicides irrigated to each post are as follows.
1: MCPP ward 2: Casoron ward 3: Land-up ward 4: Basta ward 5: 2,4-D ward 6: MCPP irrigation / white truffle Tuber bacterium suspension untreated ward 7: Raptiuron ward 8: Kusatrose ward Figure 16 As is clear from (2), the white truffle Tuber bacterium suspension 100-fold diluted solution was not sprinkled, and germination occurred at posts other than the untreated group of 6. In this way, the white truffle Tuber bacterium can decompose and detoxify the above-mentioned plurality of herbicides.

Test 12 <Roundup resistance test with white truffle Tuber bacteria>
Roundup (English: Roundup) is a herbicide (a type of pesticide) developed by the American company Monsanto in 1970, and the active ingredient name is glyphosate isopropylamine salt (a structure in which a phosphonomethyl group is substituted on the nitrogen atom of glycine). Has).
This herbicide is a 5-enolpylvir shikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) inhibitor that inhibits the synthesis of 5-enolpylvir shikimate-3-phosphate in plants and thus aromas. It is a non-selective type that inhibits the synthesis of group amino acids (tryptophane, phenylalanine, tyrosine) and proteins and metabolites containing these amino acids, and kills the entire contacted plant (stem and foliage), and damages most plants. Is.
Bacteria that do not have a shikimic acid circuit were discovered, and the gene for this bacterium was introduced into crops to create crops that did not die by land-up, and land-up agriculture became widespread worldwide. As a result, the pesticide residue food of this herbicide has become a major problem.
If the white truffle Tuber bacterium is a bacterium that dies in Roundup, not only the white truffle Tuber bacterium cannot be used to decompose the residual components of the landup, but also the bacterium itself is killed. This test was conducted for this reason.
[Test method]
Hyponex basic medium After autoclaving and cooling, 5 cc of a 50-fold solution of Roundup was added, and the culture medium was mulched with the Roundup solution. Two pieces are made.
1 cc of white truffle Tuber bacterium suspension was added to this culture medium, and the culture was allowed to stand at a culture temperature of at least 5 ° C and at a maximum of 20 ° C in a bright room.
FIG. 17 (1) shows a state in which white truffle Tuber colonies were formed on the Landup medium in a state about 3 months after the treatment. FIG. 17 (2) is a photograph from above.
White truffle Tuber bacteria grew and propagated in Hyponex medium with Roundup. By growing in reverse without dying, it was proved that the white truffle Tuber bacterium is a bacterium that does not use the "shikimate circuit" for protein synthesis.

Test 13 <Optimal spraying time test for decomposition of herbicides residual pesticides in white truffle Tuber suspension>
In the present invention, after spraying a herbicide, a suspension of "white truffle" Tuber bacteria is sprayed to decompose and detoxify residual components of soil and ecosystem to purify the environment. Many of the herbicides currently in use act on the physiologically active functions of plants to prevent them from surviving and kill them, and the herbicides sprayed on the leaves are absorbed by the cells and transferred to the entire plant tissue. By the time it acts on the function of producing physiologically active substances, if the enzyme group of "white truffle" Tuber bacteria decomposes the herbicide components in the body, the residual components in the body of fungicides and insecticides can be decomposed.
Therefore, a test was conducted to find out how many hours after spraying the herbicide, spraying the "white truffle" Tuber bacterial suspension would decompose the pesticide component most effectively.
[Test method]
Roundup Max Road was used as a pesticide, and a solution containing 100 cc of Roundup per 1000 cc (a high-concentration solution 10 times the normal concentration used) was sprayed on 14 pots of mycorrhiza chrysanthemum.
A 100-fold diluted solution of "white truffle" Tuber bacterium suspension was added to this for a predetermined time, group A: no treatment, group B: 4 hours later, group C: 6 hours later, group D: 12 hours later, group E. : 24 hours later, F group: 60 hours later, a suspension of "white truffle" Tuber bacteria was sprayed on each of the two pots, and the state of mycorrhizal isogiku was observed thereafter.
FIG. 18 shows the state of mycorrhiza chrysanthemum after January, and two pots from the left are A, B, C, D, E, and F wards.
As is clear from Figure Test Implementation 6, the "white truffle" Tuber bacterial suspension spraying decomposes the residual components of the Landup in the body at the time of the untreated group, 4 hours, and 6 hours after the Landup spraying. Since the detoxification could not be performed, both pots died 30 days after the treatment. In the 12-hour post-treatment group, one pot died, one pot survived, and in the spraying group after 24 hours, 48 hours, 60 hours, and 72 hours, the "white truffle" Tuber bacteria decomposed the residual components that had penetrated into the body. By detoxifying, the mycorrhizal truffle survived.
This test revealed that the pesticide components remaining in the crop were decomposed and detoxified by foliar spraying a 100-fold diluted solution of "white truffle" Tuber fungus suspension between 24 and 60 hours after spraying the pesticide. did.

Test 14 <Resistance test against residual antibiotics in livestock excrement of white truffle Tuber>
Feed-derived antibiotics remain in livestock excrement. Since anaerobic bacteria are used in compost and potting soil produced from this material, antibiotics can hardly be decomposed. Therefore, compost and potting soil contain antibiotics. By applying this to a field or the like, it is absorbed by the crop and remains in the crop. When a person eats this, it accumulates in the human body, and when he gets sick, there are scenes where antibiotics do not work. To prevent this, it is desirable to rapidly decompose livestock excrement with white truffle Tuber bacteria and decompose and detoxify antibiotics.
Bacteria such as actinomycetes are mainly produced by antibiotics to protect the living area from other microorganisms. Biologically active substances produced by nature are usually decomposed and detoxified by wood-rotting fungi. In the wilderness, a system has been constructed in which everything produced by living organisms is decomposed by the natural world, and antibiotics are no exception. It is highly possible that the white truffle Tuber bacteria simultaneously decompose and detoxify the excrement of plant fiber lignin and the antibiotics contained in cellulose by decomposing lignin and cellulose.

Test material Milk cow dung. (Moisture content: about 70 to 80%)
Test method Flatten 2 kg of cow dung to a thickness of 3 cm and add white truffle Tuber bacteria to it.
Spray the suspension 30 times liquid. Vinyl coating.
Minimum 8 ° C Maximum 20 ° C Indoor culture photography Photographed 10 days after processing (Fig. 19)

As is clear from FIG. 19, it can be seen that the white truffle Tuber bacterium also grows in dairy cow dung containing an antibiotic and has resistance to the antibiotic. In addition, from the above-mentioned natural providence, it is considered that the white truffle Tuber bacterium decomposes not only cellulose and lignin but also antibiotics.

Test 15 <Pesticide-reduced cultivation test of open-field strawberry by spraying diluted solution of white truffle Tuber bacterium>
The present invention is a technique for decomposing and detoxifying residual pesticide components in the body during crop cultivation by spraying a diluted solution of white truffle Tuber bacterium suspension to enable safe and secure food production, but at the same time, it is powerful for white truffle Tuber bacterium. It was tested whether it is possible to suppress the occurrence of diseases by inactivating (sleeping) the disease-causing bacteria of crops by the antibacterial action, and to significantly reduce the number of times of spraying pesticides and the amount of pesticides used.
In this test, pesticide-reduced cultivation was carried out using strawberries, which have the highest number of times and amount of pesticides applied (approx. 50 to 70 times pesticide application) in the world's crop cultivation.

Test material Strawberry open field Hoko Hayao Open field 2 years deferred field (Fig. 20 (1), Fig. 20 (2) (enlarged view))
Test method From April 1st, a 50-fold diluted solution of white truffle Tuber bacterium suspension was sprayed 10 times every 10 days and sprayed on the foliage. After 3 months, the strawberries were able to grow well even though no pesticides were used (Fig. 20 (3)).

Test 16 <Aerial nitrogen fixation of white truffle Tuber bacteria. Test>
In this test, the white truffle Tuber bacterium obtained in Test 1 was grown in the minimal nitrogen medium shown below.

Primary Potassium Phosphorus 3g Wako Pure Chemical Reagent Grade 1 Water 1000cc Purified Water Glucose 30g Wako Pure Chemical Reagent Grade 1 Agar 15g Wako Pure Chemical Reagent Grade 1

[Test method]
After cooling in the autoclave, white truffle Tuber bacteria were inoculated, and the cells were statically cultured in a room with a minimum temperature of 5 ° C and a maximum temperature of 18 ° C in a bright place.
Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. The first-class reagent contains a very small amount of nitrogen, and white truffle Tuber bacteria grew and formed colonies in this very small amount of nitrogen medium (Fig. 21). This demonstrated that the ascomycete white wood-rotting fungus and the mycorrhizal fungus, the white truffle Tuber fungus, fix nitrogen alone.

Test 17 <Organic matter decomposition test by white truffle bacterium Tuber.>
In the photograph of FIG. 22 (1), weeds were cut, placed in a storage bottle, sprayed with a suspension of white truffle Tuber ssp., And cultured at 25 ° C. The photograph shows the disassembled state on the 5th day after processing.
In the photograph of FIG. 22 (2), corrugated cardboard of organic industrial waste and pelletized recycled paper were placed in a 300 cc flask, sprayed with a Tuber. Suspension of White Truffle, and then cultured at 25 ° C. The photo is 20 days after processing.
White truffle fungus Tuber. Is an ascomycete white wood-rotting fungus and is the only fungus on the earth that can decompose lignin of organic industrial waste. It was suggested.

Test 18 <Soil growth test of white truffle fungus Tuber.>
A suspension solution of white truffle bacteria and general-purpose rhizobia was sprayed on the field soil at 1 m ^{2500 cc per 1 m 2 ,} and then a sugar solution (1000 cc of water, 10 g of white sugar) was sprayed. In addition, the white truffle fungus Tuber grew and propagated in the soil.
White truffle fungus Tuber. Is a "mycorrhizal fungus" that coexists with trees such as hard-leaved broad-leaved trees such as oak, and has been considered to be a fungus that cannot live or grow without the roots of trees that coexist with mutualism. As a result, it is suggested that the soil grows well in the soil where the nitrogen source, the mineral source, the temperature, the water content and the oxygen are present.

Test 19 <Piedmont white truffle Tuber. Bacterial growth test under strong acid conditions>
FIG. 24 (1) shows a colony (bacterial flora) of white truffle bacterium Tuber. Cultured in a basal medium of white truffle bacterium Tuber.

[White Truffle Tuber Medium Composition and Culture Conditions]
Water 1000cc
Hyponex 3g
Sugar 30g
Agar 15g
Minimum temperature 5 ℃
Maximum 15 ℃
Standing, culturing in a bright place.

In FIG. 24 (2), 5 cc of a pyruvic acid solution of PH3.5 was added to the colony-forming culture group formed in the Tuber. Basic medium of white truffle, and the inside of the flask was cultured under strongly acidic conditions. The photograph shows the growth and reproduction state of the white truffle bacterium Tuber. 7 days after culturing.
The area of acidic soil occupies a very large area in the fields of the world (Fig. 1), but the white truffle fungus Tuber. Grow and propagate well in such fields, and mycelia that are the food for actinomycetes. It suggests that chitin can be produced at all times.

Test 20 <White truffle bacterium Tuber. Growth test under strong basic alkaline conditions>
FIG. 25 (1) shows colonies that grew and propagated in the basal medium of the white truffle fungus Tuber.
FIG. 25 (2) shows a state in which "quick lime grains" are added and charged into the flask in the state of the photograph (1) (culture temperature 25 ° C.). With this, the inside of the flask was made of quicklime and became a strong alkaline PH11.
FIG. 25 (3) shows the state 7 days after the quicklime grains were added. The hyphae of the white truffle fungus Tuber. Surprisingly grew on the particles of quicklime (culture temperature 25 ° C.).
Since the origin of white truffles is limestone soils in Europe and China, it was expected that they could grow even in soils showing strong alkalinity, but we were able to confirm this.

Test 21 <Growth test of white truffle fungus Tuber. Under low temperature and snow conditions>
FIG. 26 (1) shows a state in which the sterilized white truffle bacterium Tuber. Basic medium was inoculated with the white truffle bacterium and the culture flask was buried in snow. The temperature in the snow was 0 ° C to 5 ° C.
FIG. 26 (2) shows the state after 7 days of processing, and the upper right photograph is an enlarged photograph. A huge colony was formed as shown in the photograph. This study suggests that white truffles can propagate even in the cold and temperate winters of the world.

Test 22 <Growth and reproduction test of white truffle fungus Tuber. Under high temperature conditions> (38)
FIG. 27 (1) shows a state in which the white truffle basal medium is inoculated with the white truffle fungus Tuber. And the culture flask is allowed to stand on a shelf in a greenhouse. A transparent vinyl was put on this, and the flask temperature was set to a maximum temperature of 50 ° C during the day and a minimum of 25 ° C in the morning.
FIG. 27 (2) shows the growth state of the white truffle fungus Tuber. 10 days after the flask. The growth and reproduction rate were the same as at 22 ° C, which was the optimum temperature without any influence of high temperature.
This test demonstrated that the white truffle bacterium Tuber. Can grow without being affected by high temperatures even in the tropical and temperate summers of the world.

Test 23 <Growth and reproduction test in 1000-fold diluted solution of various insecticides of white truffle Tuber>
White truffle Tuber bacteria were added to a 1000-fold diluted solution of various insecticides, and the cells were cultured at a minimum temperature of 10 ° C and a maximum temperature of 25 ° C indoors and in a bright place.
FIG. 28 (1) shows a 1000-fold solution of spraside, acephate, nitenpyram, and Hyponex from the left, and FIG. 28 (2) shows a white truffle after 7 days in a 1000-fold solution of PMP, ethiprol flowable buprofezin, and Hyponex from the left. Tuber Shows the bacterial growth status.
All pesticides in a 1000-fold diluted solution showed the same growth and reproduction speed as the growth and reproduction in Hyponex medium, which is a culture medium for white truffle Tuber bacteria.
This suggests that the white truffle Tuber bacterium grew and propagated using the insecticidal component as "food", and decomposed the insecticidal component to "inactivate" the insecticidal ability.
Furthermore, the fact that the white truffle Tuber bacterium is not adversely affected by the pesticide component indicates that the pesticide and the white truffle Tuber bacterium suspension can be mixed and sprayed.
If such an embodiment is adopted, the insecticidal ability is exhibited while the insecticide is decomposed by the white truffle Tuber bacterium, so that the residual amount of the insecticide can be significantly reduced.

Test 24 <Insecticide effect test with various insecticide decomposition and detoxified solutions by white truffle Tuber bacteria>
Under the same conditions as in Test 23, white truffle Tuber bacteria were added and cultured in a 1000-fold diluted solution of various insecticides, and the decomposition and detoxification status of various insecticide components was investigated.
[Test method]
Three days after the start of the culture, an insecticide solution in which the white truffle Tuber bacterium was cultured was sprayed on the green worm, and the presence or absence of survival after 24 hours was visually observed to determine the insecticidal decomposition and detoxification effect of the white truffle Tuber bacterium.

FIG. 29 (1A) is an image of a green worm sprayed with a Supraside solution in which the white truffle Tuber bacterium was cultured. FIG. 29 (1B) was alive in the state of a green worm 24 hours after spraying.
FIG. 29 (2A) is an image of a green worm sprayed with an acephate solution in which the white truffle Tuber bacterium was cultured. FIG. 29 (2B) was alive in the state of the green worm 24 hours after spraying.
FIG. 29 (3A) is an image of a green worm sprayed with a nitenpyram solution in which the white truffle Tuber bacterium was cultured. FIG. 29 (3B) was alive in the state of the green worm 24 hours after spraying.
FIG. 29 (4A) is an image of a green worm sprayed with a PMP solution in which the white truffle Tuber bacterium was cultured. FIG. 29 (4B) was alive in the state of the green worm 24 hours after spraying.
FIG. 29 (5A) is an image of a green worm sprayed with an ethiprol solution in which the white truffle Tuber bacterium was cultured. FIG. 29 (5B) was alive in the state of the green worm 24 hours after spraying.
FIG. 29 (6A) is an image of a green worm sprayed with a flowable solution in which the white truffle Tuber bacterium was cultured. FIG. 29 (6B) was alive in the state of the green worm 24 hours after spraying.
From the above tests, it was found that the white truffle Tuber bacterium decomposes and detoxifies various insecticide components in a short time of 3 days.
This indicates that the residual insecticide can be decomposed promptly after the effect of the insecticide appears by spraying the insecticide and the white truffle Tuber bacterium mixture.

Test 25 <Nitrate nitrogen decomposition purification test containing sewage purification residue by white truffle Tuber bacteria>
Human and livestock excrement in a decarbonized society should be returned to agricultural fields. This is because foods derived from animals and plants are made from solar energy and the carbon cycle of crops, and it is desirable to return them to the soil without incineration and circulate them for food reproduction.
Currently, human and livestock excrement is decomposed by Bacillus, Aspidisca, Epistilis, Amoeba, Corrella and other microorganisms in sewage treatment plants and purified to a certain standard.
However, sewage contains persistent organic matter containing these bacteria, lignin, which cannot be decomposed by microorganisms, and this remains as residual sludge. Treatment of this residue involves reduction to agricultural fields, incineration, etc., but not only does it require a large amount of cost, but there is also the problem that crops do not grow well when used as agricultural materials, and its use in fields has not progressed. The current situation. The reason for this is that the excess nitrate nitrogen has a great impact on the roots of crops because it is supplied as an agricultural material without being denitrified due to the high cost of denitrification. ..
The present inventor carried out a habitat reproduction test by carrying the white truffle Tuber bacterium on the sewage residue by taking advantage of the property that the white truffle Tuber bacterium can propagate even in a high-concentration ion solution. Furthermore, the residue after eating the nitrate nitrogen after breeding the white truffle Tuber as "food" was mixed with the soil, and the cultivation test of strawberries and Chinese cabbage was conducted. Hereinafter, the status of the test is shown in Figure Test Implementation 16-1 to 16.

Fig. 30 (1) Image of sewage field residue Fig. 30 (2) Image of growing white truffle Tuber bacteria on the sewage field residue of Photo 1 Fig. 30 (3) Image of poor growth of bok choy cultivated in sewage field residue Fig. 30 (4) ) Bok choy grown by mixing 10% of nitrate nitrogen purification residue with Akatama soil by growing white truffle Tuber bacteria in Photo 2 Good growth image Fig. 30 (5) Cultivation by mixing 10% purification residue of Photo 2 with Akatama soil Bok choy Fig. 30 (6) Strawberry cultivated by mixing 10% purification residue of Photo 2 with red ball soil

White truffle Tuber has a strong antibacterial effect against soil diseases.
This antibacterial property is a mushroom bacterium in which the white truffle Tuber bacterium forms fruiting bodies at a depth of 40 cm in the soil. In order to form fruiting bodies that leave offspring in the soil, it is necessary to sterilize or suppress dormancy of various microorganisms and disease-causing bacteria that already inhabit the soil.
When the white truffle Tuber bacterium habitat residue was mixed with the culture soil, this test was conducted with the expectation that the growth and reproduction of soil disease bacteria would be suppressed. No such diseases were found.
Further, since the sewage residue grew smoothly without any growth disorder due to the high concentration nitrate nitrogen content, which is one of the objects of the present invention, the sewage residue, livestock excrement, and nitrate nitrogen contained in the soil. It was found that sewage residue, livestock excrement, and nitrate nitrogen residual soil can be used as excellent agricultural materials by eating as "food" and growing mycelia.
The present invention can be achieved by using the white truffle Tuber bacterium, which has the characteristics of "mycorrhizal fungus" that coexists with plants and crops, although it is a wood-rotting fungus of ascomycete, instead of utilizing bacteria as in the past. It is a thing.

Test 26 <Strawberry elevated cultivation and Chinese cabbage field cultivation test using sewage residue administration purified by white truffle Tuber bacteria>
In Test 25, the sewage residue was demonstrated to have good growth and disease control effect. Therefore, using the sewage residue purified with white truffle Tuber bacterium, "house strawberry elevated cultivation" and "house strawberry elevated cultivation" When "open-field Chinese cabbage cultivation" was carried out, the growth was excellent and good.
In both cases, foliar spraying of a 100-fold diluted solution from 30 to 100-fold diluted white truffle Tuber bacterium suspension, no fungicide is used by dormant the diseased bacteria by soil irrigation, and the residual component of the insecticide is sprayed with the white truffle Tuber bacterium suspension. By decomposing and detoxifying with, we were able to harvest almost "pesticide-free" strawberries and white truffles.

Cultivation method For both strawberries and Chinese cabbage, 200 kg of white truffle Tuber sewage residue per 10 a was mulched on the soil surface.
Other cultivation management followed customs

Strawberries were sprayed with a 100-fold diluted solution of white truffle Tuber bacterium suspension 30 to 100 times at intervals of 10 to 15 days from the time of raising seedlings to the end of harvesting for the time being.
The insecticide was sprayed several times, but 24 hours after spraying, a 30-fold solution of the diluted solution of white truffle Tuber suspension was sprayed over the entire house to decompose and detoxify residual pesticides.
The white vegetables were sown directly in the field, and the pesticides were cultivated according to the conventional cultivation. Decomposition and detoxification of residual pesticides were performed.

Fig. 31 (1) Image of house elevated strawberry cultivation Fig. 31 (2) Image of Chinese cabbage cultivation in open field

Test 27 <Effect test of foliar spraying of white truffle Tuber culture suspension on plant and crop growth (plant hormone production test)>
The white truffle Tuber bacterium produces the plant hormone indole-3-acetic acid.
In this test, a 30 to 100-fold diluted solution of the culture residue of white truffle Tuber was sprayed on the foliage, and the sugar added to the culture medium of the white truffle Tuber during liquid culture was used as a raw material. Glucose → indole pyruvate → indole 3 pyruvate → indole 3 The purpose is to confirm that acetic acid (auxin) is produced.

[Nadeshiko]
When 30 to 100-fold diluted solution of white truffle Tuber bacterium liquid culture residue was sprayed on the leaves of "Nadeshiko" and "Rice", the height became about 20%, and the size of the flower became one size larger in "Nadeshiko". rice field.
Fig. 32 (1) In the side image of the potted dianthus, the left pot is sprayed with the white truffle Tuber culture residue liquid (twice every 10 days from just before flowering), and the right pot is untreated.
FIG. 32 (2) Image from directly above The flowers of the dianthus in the white truffle Tuber bacterium culture residue spraying pot were one size larger than those in the untreated pot.

[Rice]
Akatama soil medium grain single use fertilizer Slow-release fertilizer for rice Long 6g Base fertilizer No. 6 pot, cultivated by pot bottom water absorption method White truffle Tuber fungus culture suspension (heat deactivation) 50 times diluted liquid spray (15 from seedling planting) Every other day until the heading period in mid-August)

Fig. 32 (3) Rice test image (early August panicle formation image), left 3 columns untreated plot, right 3 rows white truffle Tuber culture residue spraying plot

[result]
As is clear from the photograph in the figure, the untreated plot has yellowed leaves due to lack of fertilizer and high temperature damage, but the plant height in the white truffle Tuber bacterium culture residue spraying plot is about 20 compared to the untreated plot. It grew by%, the leaf color was green, and it was a healthy growth that did not look like "out of fertilizer".
The results of this test suggest that foliar spraying of the white truffle Tuber fungus suspension can achieve stable harvesting with reduced fertilizer, and that it promotes the growth of flowers and crops without fertilization. , White truffle Tuber suggests that it produces the plant hormone indole-3-acetic acid. This is expected to increase the yield by about 20% by spraying the white truffle Tuber fungus suspension in the reduced fertilizer cultivation.

Test 28 <White truffle Tuber culture suspension sprayed Rice growth test (plant hormone production test 2)>
[Test method]
Variety Shinyhime / rice seedlings are planted in No. 6 pot, and 5 g of long fertilizer for rice is administered to one pot (at this fertilization amount, fertilizer runs out after one month).
・ Prepare 6 pots of white truffle Tuber culture suspension diluted 50-fold solution for 2 months at 15-day intervals on rice that has run out of fertilizer, and 6 untreated plots as control plots. did.
If the white truffle Tuber culture produces the plant hormone "indole-3-acetic acid" in the culture suspension, foliar application should cause some changes.
Fig. 33 (1) In the image at the end of foliar spraying, left 3 columns untreated plot, right 3 rows treated plot As shown in the photograph, large growth and plant height difference were observed between the treated plot and the untreated plot. The plant height of the plot is about 55 cm, and the plant height of the untreated plot is 45 cm.
There was a big difference in the color of the leaves, and in the untreated plot, it was yellowish green due to "out of fertilizer", whereas in the treated plot, it was green with no "out of fertilizer".
This phenomenon suggests that the white truffle Tuber culture suspension produced an anti-aging effect on the crops.
Fig. 33 (2) In the image of the untreated plot 3 weeks after the end of foliar spraying, no heading was seen in the untreated plot (right side) "Glossy Hime", and the fertilizer was exhausted, resulting in poor growth. I can't expect it.
On the other hand, the rice (left side) in the treated area had the same growth as the paddy field cultivation, and no shortage of fertilizer was observed. With this growth, a harvest of about 500 kg can be expected in terms of 10a.
This study suggests that "reduced fertilizer cultivation" of white truffle Tuber suspension foliar spray crops is possible. It also suggests that it prevents the aging phenomenon and poor growth caused by running out of fertilizer.
Since the white truffle Tuber bacterium of the present invention can be easily cultivated without the need for special equipment, the white truffle Tuber bacterium of the present invention is cultivated in developing countries, and the culture solution thereof is produced on the leaf surface of the crop. If sprayed, stable harvest can be expected without using expensive chemical fertilizers and pesticides.

Test 29 <Detoxification and decomposition test by spraying white truffle Tuber culture suspension against grass endophyte>
Endophyte (endophyte) is a fungus or bacterium that lives symbioticly in a plant, and is a coined word from endo (within) and phyte (plant). In general, it often refers to a fungus of the ergotaceae family that parasitizes grasses. In the context of livestock poisoning, coenophialum (formerly known as Acremonium) parasitizing tall fescue and N. lolii parasitizing perennial ryegrass became a problem, and endophyte parasitized pastures in the United States, Australia, New Zealand, etc. , Many livestock that ate this are addicted. As described above, many of them have components that are toxic to microorganisms such as endophyte and mushrooms as bioactive substances. However, it is known that all toxic components, which are organic compounds produced by living organisms in the natural world, are decomposed by wood-rotting fungi and returned to the soil. Since it decomposes various pesticide components of organic compounds remaining in the crop body, it is expected to decompose the toxic components produced by endophyte.
Fig. 34 (1) The actual situation of irrigation and pesticide spraying in the pasture production field in the United States. The white truffle Tuber bacterium suspension was mixed with this irrigation or pesticide solution (insecticide) and sprayed.
Fig. 34 (2) Image of harvesting landscape of grass that has been detoxified and cleaned by decomposing and detoxifying the "mycotoxin" produced by Endophyte Neotyphodium by spraying the white truffle Tuber bacterium suspension. )

Test 30 <White truffle Tuber culture suspension of crops and plant tissues 30 Diluted solution spray permeation time test>
It is an object of the present invention to decompose and detoxify and purify residual pesticide components in tissues by spraying or immersing white truffle Tuber bacterium culture suspension on residual pesticides of processed food raw materials during growth and after harvesting. .. For that purpose, it is absolutely essential that the diluted solution of white truffle Tuber suspension penetrates into the plant tissue promptly. A test of the time required for penetration was performed.
[Test method]
Under the condition of temperature 15 ° C. and humidity 90%, a 30-fold diluted solution of white truffle Tuber bacterium suspension was sprayed on the leaves of white truffles as a test material, and the permeation state was observed over time.
Fig. 35 (1) Immediately after spraying a 30-fold diluted solution of white truffle Tuber bacteria on Chinese cabbage leaves Image Fig. 35 (2) State after 5 minutes: Penetration into leaf cells has begun.
FIG. 35 (3) State after 10 minutes: The diluted solution has permeated the surface of the leaves until almost disappeared.

Test 31 <White truffle Tuber bacterial suspension 30-fold diluted skin permeability test>
Pesticide application to crops causes the body's pesticides to be inhaled and adhered during work, sometimes causing acute poisoning. The pesticide component adhering to the skin permeates the skin and is taken into the body to become a residual pesticide in the body, which also causes a decrease in immunity. The white truffle Tuber bacterium suspension of the present invention is effective not only for crops but also for decomposition, detoxification and purification of pesticide residues in the body that have penetrated into the skin of agricultural and plant growers and remain on the skin. confirmed.

[Test method]
A 30-fold diluted solution of white truffle Tuber bacterium suspension was sprayed on the surface of a human arm, and the state of penetration into the skin was observed over time. The temperature was 20 ° C and the humidity was 90%.
Fig. 36 (1) 30-fold diluted solution of white truffle Tuber bacterium suspension Condition of wet skin immediately after spraying on the left arm Fig. 36 (2) Skin image after 5 minutes of spraying Skin penetration has started.
FIG. 36 (3) Skin image 10 minutes after spraying Almost penetrated and no liquid or water remained on the skin.
From the results of this test, after spraying pesticides, the pesticide-attached parts such as the worker's face and hands are washed with water, and then sprayed with a 30-fold diluted solution of white truffle Tuber turbid solution to decompose and clean the residual pesticides in the skin cells. Can be transformed into.

Claims (9)

A method for decomposing and cleaning residual harmful compounds in a substance containing or adhering to residual harmful compounds, using ascomycete white wood-rotting fungi having the characteristics of mycorrhizal fungi. The decomposition and cleaning method according to claim 1, wherein the ascomycete white wood-rotting fungus having the characteristics of mycorrhizal fungi is a fungus selected from Tuberaceae, Rhizopogonaceae, or Chawandake family. The decomposition and cleaning method according to claim 1, wherein the ascomycete white wood-rotting fungus having the characteristics of mycorrhizal fungi is a white truffle Tuber fungus. The decomposition cleaning method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the substance containing or adhering to the residual harmful compound is plant, animal excrement, sewage sludge or soil. The decomposition cleaning method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the residual compound is a residual pesticide. The decomposition and cleaning method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the residual compound is an antibiotic contained in animal excrement. A stable cultivation method for plants using ascomycetes, white wood-rotting fungi, which have the characteristics of mycorrhizal fungi. The method for stable cultivation of a plant according to claim 7, wherein the ascomycete white wood-rotting fungus having the characteristics of mycorrhizal fungi is a fungus selected from Tuberaceae, Rhizopogonaceae, or Rhizopogonaceae. The method for stable cultivation of a plant according to claim 7, wherein the ascomycete white wood-rotting fungus having the characteristics of mycorrhizal fungi is a white truffle Tuber fungus.

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