JP2022083830A - 燃料電池システムおよび燃料電池の発電システム - Google Patents
燃料電池システムおよび燃料電池の発電システム Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 363
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 151
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 17
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- H01M16/006—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators of fuel cells with other electrochemical devices, e.g. capacitors, electrolysers of fuel cells with rechargeable batteries
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- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
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- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
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- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
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- H01M8/04619—Power, energy, capacity or load of fuel cell stacks
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- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
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- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04858—Electric variables
- H01M8/04895—Current
- H01M8/0491—Current of fuel cell stacks
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- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04858—Electric variables
- H01M8/04925—Power, energy, capacity or load
- H01M8/0494—Power, energy, capacity or load of fuel cell stacks
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
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Abstract
Description
なお、図中、Ie.maxとは最高効率電流を意味する。
すなわち、燃料電池システム1は、酸化剤ガスと燃料ガスの供給を受けて電気化学反応により発電する燃料電池2と、燃料電池2の作動に関連する補機20と、燃料電池2の発電を制御する制御部としての制御装置5と、を備え、制御装置5は、燃料電池2の発電中に、燃料電池2の発電電流を微小変化させて燃料電池2の効率のよい最高効率電流に近づけながら燃料電池2の発電を継続させるようにしてもよい。
Claims (8)
- 酸化剤ガスと燃料ガスの供給を受けて電気化学反応により発電する燃料電池と、
前記燃料電池の作動に関連する補機と、
前記燃料電池の発電を制御する制御部と、を備え、
前記制御部は、
前記燃料電池の発電中に当該燃料電池の効率を監視し、
前記燃料電池の効率の変化を検知すると、前記燃料電池の発電電流を効率の最も高い最高効率電流に変化させて、前記燃料電池の発電を継続させる、燃料電池システム。 - 前記最高効率電流は、前記発電電流の電流値を変化させたときの前記燃料電池の効率が最も高くなる極点により決められる、請求項1に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 酸化剤ガスと燃料ガスの供給を受けて電気化学反応により発電する燃料電池と、
前記燃料電池の作動に関連する補機と、
前記燃料電池の発電を制御する制御部と、を備え、
前記制御部は、
前記燃料電池の発電中に、前記燃料電池の発電電流を微小変化させて前記燃料電池の効率のよい最高効率電流に近づけながら前記燃料電池の発電を継続させる、燃料電池システム。 - 前記燃料電池の効率は、前記燃料電池の出力電流と、前記補機の消費電流および前記補機に印加される電圧、または、前記燃料電池システムの出力電流および出力電圧と、により算出される、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の燃料電池システムと、
二次電池と、を備える燃料電池の発電システムであって、
前記燃料電池の発電システムの起動中に前記二次電池の充電率が上限を超えないように前記燃料電池の発電を停止する停止モードと、
前記最高効率電流で前記燃料電池を発電し、前記燃料電池の発電システムへの要求出力の不足分を前記二次電池で補う高効率モードと、
前記燃料電池の発電システムへの要求出力が前記最高効率電流による発電量と前記二次電池の最大出力の合計よりも大きい場合、前記燃料電池の発電量を前記最高効率電流による発電量より大きくして前記二次電池の最大出力より大きい出力分を補う第一高負荷モードと、
前記二次電池の充電率が低下した場合、前記燃料電池の発電量を前記最高効率電流による発電量より大きくして前記二次電池の充電率の低下速度を緩やかにする第二高負荷モードと、
前記二次電池の充電率が下限を下回らないように前記燃料電池を最大出力で発電する第三高負荷モードと、を有する、燃料電池の発電システム。 - 前記高効率モードにおいて、前記燃料電池の発電システムへの要求出力が前記最高効率電流による前記燃料電池の発電量より小さい場合には、出力差分を前記二次電池に充電する、請求項5に記載の燃料電池の発電システム。
- 前記第三高負荷モードにおいて、前記燃料電池の発電システムへの要求出力が前記燃料電池の最大出力付近以上である状態が継続した場合には、前記要求出力を前記燃料電池の最大出力以下に制限する、請求項5または6に記載の燃料電池の発電システム。
- 前記第二高負荷モードにおいて、前記効率を監視し、前記燃料電池の発電システムへの要求出力が所定の値以下のときは、前記充電率の低下速度が所定の速度以下になるよう前記燃料電池の出力を前記最高効率電流に近づける、請求項5から7のいずれか一項に記載の燃料電池の発電システム。
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JP3577781B2 (ja) * | 1995-05-22 | 2004-10-13 | 富士電機ホールディングス株式会社 | 燃料電池発電装置の出力制御装置 |
JP2001275205A (ja) | 2000-03-24 | 2001-10-05 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 2次電池と発電機の併用システムの制御装置 |
US7087332B2 (en) | 2002-07-31 | 2006-08-08 | Sustainable Energy Systems, Inc. | Power slope targeting for DC generators |
JP3609397B2 (ja) | 2003-04-22 | 2005-01-12 | 株式会社日本総合研究所 | 電力供給システム、集合住宅、及びプログラム |
JP5441310B2 (ja) | 2007-02-07 | 2014-03-12 | ソニー株式会社 | 電源システム |
JP5750341B2 (ja) | 2011-05-12 | 2015-07-22 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
JP5631826B2 (ja) | 2011-09-12 | 2014-11-26 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
JP6125750B2 (ja) | 2011-12-28 | 2017-05-10 | 学校法人幾徳学園 | 燃料電池発電システムおよびその制御方法 |
CN107925100B (zh) * | 2015-09-04 | 2019-11-19 | 日产自动车株式会社 | 燃料电池系统以及燃料电池控制方法 |
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