JP2021531384A - リサイクルされたおよび再生可能な有機材料の精製 - Google Patents
リサイクルされたおよび再生可能な有機材料の精製 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2021531384A JP2021531384A JP2021502928A JP2021502928A JP2021531384A JP 2021531384 A JP2021531384 A JP 2021531384A JP 2021502928 A JP2021502928 A JP 2021502928A JP 2021502928 A JP2021502928 A JP 2021502928A JP 2021531384 A JP2021531384 A JP 2021531384A
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Abstract
Description
(a)リサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料を提供する工程、
(b)任意には、リサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料を180〜325℃で前加熱し、および、任意には、前加熱処理プロセスの前または後に酸を添加し、および、任意には、前加熱処理されたリサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料を前加熱処理後にろ過する工程、
(c)150〜450℃の温度で、任意には吸着剤の存在下、リサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料を加熱処理し、任意には加熱処理プロセスの前またはそのあいだに水を添加し、および任意には加熱処理プロセスの前または後に酸を添加し、および任意には加熱処理の後に加熱処理されたリサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料をろ過する工程、
(d)任意には、加熱処理されたリサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料から揮発性のシリコン化合物を蒸発させ、それにより加熱処理されたリサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料のシリコン含有量を低下させる工程、
(e)任意には、リサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料を熱分解し、それにより加熱処理されたリサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料の酸素およびリン含有量を低下させ、および任意には熱分解されたリサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料から揮発物質を除去し、および任意にはリサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料から固体/沈殿物を除去する工程
(f)加熱処理されたリサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料を水素化処理触媒の存在下、水素化処理する工程
を含む。
粗製および加熱処理されたトール油ピッチ(TOP)が様々な条件下で蒸留へと付された。得られた蒸留物および塔底留分の収率およびシリコン含有量が、粗TOPに関する表1(参照)および加熱処理されたTOPに関する表2に示されている。
6つのトール油ピッチ品質が水無しおよび水有り(3%)でフラッシュ蒸発された。プロセス条件は、表3(水無し)および表4(水有り)に示されている。
加熱処理されたおよびフラッシュ蒸発されたTOPサンプルが、種々の温度で水素化処理(水素化脱酸素)された。他のプロセス条件、圧力、および単位時間当たりの重量空間速度(WHSV)は一定に保たれた。圧力は5000kPaであり、および、WHSVは0.95 1/hであった。
以下の実験は、1リットルのバッチ式オートクレーブリアクター内で行われた。廃プラスティック熱分解オイル(340g)および2wt%の水性NaOH(227g)が共にリアクター容器内に秤量された。密封および圧力試験後、500ppmで回転されたリアクターが、240℃である所望の反応温度まで加熱され、これはその後30分維持された。リアクターは、その後、生成物の回収前に、室温まで冷却された。内容物は、リアクター容器から遠心分離チューブへと傾斜法で注がれ、そして、液体が、20℃および4300rpmで30分間遠心分離された。遠心分離後、精製された熱分解オイルが、分離層として回収され、そして、そのCl、Br、S、およびN含油量が分析された。Cl、Br、およびS含有量は、蛍光X線分析により測定され、そして、N含有量は、ASTMD5762の規格にしたがって決定された。表7に示されている結果は、ClよびBr両方の含有量が60%以上減少していることを明確に示している。
粗TOPが、2つの吸着剤、ケイ酸アルミニウム(Tonsil(登録商標) 9194 FF)およびシリカゲル(Trisyl(登録商標))の存在下で処理された。それぞれの吸着剤の量は、1.5wt%であった。種々の製造元からの粗TOPサンプルが試験された。0.4wt%の水添加が高温吸着処理の前に行われた。
Claims (44)
- リサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料を精製するための方法であって、前記リサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料は、シリコン化合物、リン化合物、塩素化合物、窒素化合物、硫黄化合物およびヒドロキシ芳香族化合物からなる群より選択される一または複数の不純物を含み、前記方法が、(i)以下の工程(a)で提供されるリサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料の当初のシリコン含有量の20%未満、好ましくは10%未満、より好ましくは5%未満、および/または、(ii)以下の工程(a)で提供されるリサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料の当初のリン含有量の30%未満、および/または、(iii)以下の工程(a)で提供されるリサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料の塩素含有量の50%未満を含む、精製された、水素化処理されたリサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料を得るために、
(a)リサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料を提供する工程、
(b)任意には、前記リサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料を180〜325℃で前加熱し、および、任意には、前記前加熱プロセスの前または後に酸を添加し、および、任意には、前記前加熱処理の後に前加熱処理されたリサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料をろ過する工程、
(c)100〜450℃の温度で、任意には吸着剤の存在下、前記リサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料を加熱処理し、任意には前記加熱処理プロセスの前またはそのあいだに水を添加し、および任意には前記加熱処理プロセスの前または後に酸を添加し、および任意には前記加熱処理の後に加熱処理されたリサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料をろ過する工程、
(d)任意には、前記加熱処理されたリサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料化合物から揮発性のシリコン化合物を蒸発させ、それにより前記加熱処理されたリサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料のシリコン含有量を低下させる工程、
(e)任意には、前記リサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料を熱分解し、それにより前記加熱処理されたリサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料の酸素およびリン含有量を低下させ、および任意には熱分解されたリサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料から揮発物質を除去し、および任意には前記リサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料から固体/沈殿物を除去する工程、ならびに
(f)前記加熱処理されたリサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料を水素化処理触媒の存在下、水素化処理する工程
を含む方法。 - 前記工程(c)が、
(c1)前記工程(a)において提供される前記リサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料の塩素含有量の50%未満を含む精製されたリサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料を得るために、100〜450℃の温度で、アルカリ金属水酸化物の水溶液の存在下で、前記リサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料を加熱する工程
によって達成される請求項1記載の方法。 - 前記工程(c1)における温度が、150〜400℃、好ましくは200〜300℃である請求項2記載の方法。
- 前記工程(c1)における滞留時間が、1〜180分、好ましくは2〜90分、より好ましくは5〜60分である請求項2または3記載の方法。
- アルカリ金属水酸化物が、KOH、LiOH、NaOHおよびそれらの混合物からなる群より選択され、好ましくは前記アルカリ金属水酸化物がNaOHである請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 水性のアルカリ金属水酸化物の濃度が、0.1〜10.0mol/Lであり、および、金属水酸化物の水性溶液の、処理されたリサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料に対する比が、0.1g/gより大きく、好ましくは0.5〜1.5g/gである請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記工程(c)が、
(c2)加熱処理されたリサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料を得るために、前記リサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料を250〜450℃のあいだの温度で加熱処理する工程
によって達成される請求項1記載の方法。 - 前記工程(c2)が、350〜450℃で行われる請求項7記載の方法。
- 前記工程(c)が、
(c3)加熱処理されたリサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料を形成するために、前記リサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料を180〜325℃で加熱処理する工程であって、前記リサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料中に存在するシリコン化合物の少なくとも一部が揮発性のシリコン化合物へと変換される工程
によって達成される請求項1記載の方法。 - 前記工程(c3)における加熱処理が、200〜300℃で、好ましくは240〜280℃で行われる請求項9記載の方法。
- 前記工程(c3)の加熱処理における滞留時間が、1〜300分、好ましくは5〜90分、より好ましくは20〜40分である請求項9または10記載の方法。
- (i)揮発性のシリコン化合物である主要部分を含む蒸気留分、および
(ii)工程(a)において提供される前記リサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料よりも少ないシリコンを含む加熱処理されたリサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料留分
を得るために、
(d)前記加熱処理されたリサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料から揮発性のシリコン化合物を蒸発させる工程
を含む、請求項9〜11のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 前記工程(d)における蒸発が、150〜225℃、好ましくは160〜200℃、より好ましくは160〜180℃で行われる請求項9〜12のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記工程(d)の蒸発における圧力が、0.1〜5kPa、好ましくは0.1〜3kPaである請求項9〜13のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記工程(d)の蒸発において、前記加熱処理されたリサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料の1〜10wt%、好ましくは1〜8wt%、より好ましくは1〜5wt%、さらにより好ましくは1〜3wt%が蒸発される請求項9〜14のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 水が前記加熱処理されたリサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料へと添加され、したがって、前記蒸発工程(d)の前の水含有量が、前記加熱処理されたリサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料の総重量の、1〜5wt%、好ましくは1.5〜4wt%、より好ましくは2〜3wt%である請求項9〜15のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記工程(c)における温度が、180〜325℃、好ましくは200〜300℃、より好ましくは240〜280℃である請求項1〜16のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記工程(c)における滞留時間が、1〜300分、好ましくは5〜240分、より好ましくは30〜90分である請求項1〜17のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記工程(c)における前記吸着剤が、シリカベースの吸着剤から、好ましくはケイ酸アルミニウム、シリカゲルおよびそれらの混合物からなる群から、選択される請求項1〜18のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記工程(c)における前記吸着剤の量が、前記処理されたリサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料の総重量の、0.1〜10.0wt%、好ましくは0.5〜2.0wt%である請求項1〜19のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記工程(b)の前加熱処理の前または後に酸が添加される請求項1〜20のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記工程(c)の加熱処理の前または後に酸が添加される請求項1〜21のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記工程(d)の後、前記加熱処理されたリサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料留分のシリコン含有量が、前記工程(a)で提供される前記リサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料の当初のシリコン含有量の50%未満、好ましくは30%未満である請求項12〜22のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記水素化処理工程(f)が、持続的な水素流の下で行われる請求項1〜23のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記工程(f)における前記持続的な水素流が、500〜2000n−L/Lである、好ましくは800〜1400n−L/LであるH2/フィード比を有する請求項24記載の方法。
- 前記工程(f)が、270〜380℃の温度で、好ましくは275〜360℃で、より好ましくは300〜350℃で行われる請求項1〜25のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記工程(f)が、4〜20MPaの圧力下で行われる請求項1〜26のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記工程(f)における前記水素化処理触媒が、周期表においてIUPACの第6、8または10族から選択される少なくとも一つの成分を含む請求項1〜27のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記工程(f)における前記水素化処理触媒が、担持されたPd、Pt、Ni、NiW、NiMoまたはCoMo触媒であり、そして、担体は、ゼオライト、ゼオライト−アルミナ、アルミナおよび/またはシリカであり、好ましくは、前記水素化処理触媒が、NiW/Al2O3、NiMo/Al2O3またはCoMo/Al2O3である請求項1〜28のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記工程(f)が、前記加熱処理されたリサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料留分を水素化脱酸素(HDO)する工程(f1)によって達成される請求項1〜29のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記工程(f)が、1wt%未満の酸素、および/または、前記工程(a)で提供される前記リサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料の当初のシリコン含有量の20%未満、好ましくは10%未満、より好ましくは5%未満、および/または、前記工程(a)で提供される前記リサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料の当初のリン含有量の30%未満、および/または、前記工程(a)で提供される前記リサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料の塩素含有量の50%未満を含む、精製されたリサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料を得るために、
(f1)前記加熱処理されたリサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料留分を、HDO触媒の存在下、290〜350℃の温度で、4〜20MPaの圧力下、持続的な水素流の下で水素化脱酸素(HDO)する工程
によって達成される請求項30記載の方法。 - 前記工程(f1)において、前記HDO触媒が、硫化NiW、硫化NiMoまたは硫化CoMo触媒である請求項30または31記載の方法。
- 水素化処理された生成物の一部が、前記工程(f)にリサイクルされる請求項1〜32のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 新鮮なフィードの、前記水素化処理された生成物に対する比が、2:1〜20:1である請求項33記載の方法。
- 前記リサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料が、植物ベースの脂肪およびオイル、動物ベースの脂肪およびオイル、化石廃棄物ベースのオイル、廃棄物オイル、海藻オイル、および微生物オイルからなる群より選択されるである請求項1〜34のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- リサイクルされたまたは再生可能な炭化水素を製造するためのプロセスであって、
(x)請求項1〜35のいずれか1項に記載の方法のように、リサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料を精製する工程、および
(y)精製されたリサイクルされたまたは再生可能な有機材料を精油変換プロセスへと付す工程であって、前記精油変換プロセスが、少なくとも一つのリサイクルされたまたは再生可能な炭化水素を得るために、フィードの分子量を変化させること、前記フィードからのヘテロ原子の除去、前記フィードの飽和度を変化させること、前記フィードの分子構造を組み替えること、または、それらの任意の組み合わせを含む工程
を含むプロセス。 - 前記工程(y)が、水素化分解である請求項36記載のプロセス。
- 前記工程(y)が、軽度水素化分解(MHC)精製所ユニット内で行われる請求項37記載のプロセス。
- 前記工程(y)が、水素化分解触媒の存在下で行われる請求項37または38記載のプロセス。
- 前記工程(y)が、水蒸気分解である請求項36記載のプロセス。
- 前記工程(y)が、異性化である請求項36記載のプロセス。
- 前記工程(y)が、水素化処理である請求項36記載のプロセス。
- 前記工程(y)が、熱触媒分解である請求項36記載のプロセス。
- 前記工程(y)が、流動接触分解である請求項36記載のプロセス。
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MX2021000777A (es) | 2021-03-29 |
FI20185650A1 (en) | 2020-01-21 |
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AU2019307774A1 (en) | 2021-02-25 |
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FI128911B (en) | 2021-03-15 |
US11981869B2 (en) | 2024-05-14 |
KR20210035245A (ko) | 2021-03-31 |
WO2020016400A1 (en) | 2020-01-23 |
EP3824052A1 (en) | 2021-05-26 |
CN112639062A (zh) | 2021-04-09 |
JP2023036930A (ja) | 2023-03-14 |
AU2019307774B2 (en) | 2022-03-10 |
KR20240046626A (ko) | 2024-04-09 |
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