JP2021165474A - Solar panel unit and building component - Google Patents

Abstract

To promote energy conservation in buildings by efficiently generating and using sunlight that hits a fitting.SOLUTION: A solar panel unit comprises: a solar panel formed by a plurality of cells of the double-sided light-receiving type sandwiched between transparent members, and having a central portion where the plurality of cells is placed and a peripheral portion where the cells are not placed; a reflective plate spaced away from the solar panel in parallel therewith; and a reflective lens placed on the solar panel side of the reflective plate. The reflective plate is formed by a flat part facing the central portion of the solar panel and a curved part formed on the outer periphery of the flat part. The reflective lens is placed on the flat part of the reflective plate.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 12

Description

The present invention relates to a solar panel unit in which a plurality of cells that generate electricity by sunlight are arranged, and a building member including the solar panel unit.

Conventionally, as a building member arranged in a building, a window that opens and closes naturally by an external force such as wind is known.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2016-205089

The windows of Patent Document 1 can be naturally ventilated according to the conditions such as wind, so that the use of an air conditioner or the like can be suppressed and the energy of the building can be saved.
However, along with the wind, sunlight, which is a representative of natural energy, is not used, and further energy saving using sunlight is required.

An object of the present invention is to promote energy saving by using sunlight.

One embodiment of the present invention includes a solar panel, a reflective plate arranged parallel to the solar panel at intervals, and a reflective lens arranged on the solar panel side of the reflective plate.
The solar panel is formed by sandwiching a plurality of double-sided light receiving type cells between transparent members, and has a central portion in which the plurality of cells are arranged and a peripheral portion in which the cells are not arranged. It has a flat surface portion facing the central portion of the solar panel and a curved portion formed on the outer periphery of the flat surface portion, and the reflective lens is a solar panel unit arranged on the flat surface portion of the reflection plate.

According to this embodiment, sunlight can be used efficiently and energy saving can be promoted.

This is an example of an external view of a building member according to an embodiment of the present invention. This is an example of an overall system of natural ventilation windows constituting the building member of the embodiment of the present invention. This is an example of a vertical cross-sectional view of a natural ventilation window constituting the building member of the embodiment of the present invention. This is an example of a vertical cross-sectional view of a natural ventilation window constituting the building member of the embodiment of the present invention. It is an example of a partial cross-sectional view of a natural ventilation window constituting the building member of the embodiment of the present invention. It is an example of a partial vertical cross section of a natural ventilation window constituting the building member of the embodiment of the present invention, (a) is a vertical cross section of a shoji screen, and (b) is a partial vertical cross section of a solar panel unit. It is a figure. It is an example of a partial cross-sectional view of a natural ventilation window constituting the building member of the embodiment of the present invention, (a) is a cross-sectional view of a shoji screen, and (b) and (c) are one of the solar panel units. It is a cross-sectional view of a part. This is an example of a perspective view of a solar panel unit of a natural ventilation window constituting a building member according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is an example of the figure of the member constituting the solar panel unit of embodiment of this invention, (a) is a plan view of a solar panel, (b) is a plan view of a reflection plate, and (c) is a plan view of a reflective plate. It is a vertical sectional view of a reflection plate. It is a perspective view for demonstrating the process of assembling the solar panel unit of embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view for demonstrating the process of assembling the solar panel unit of embodiment of this invention. It is a vertical cross-sectional view for demonstrating the light receiving state of the solar panel unit of embodiment of this invention, (a) is when the window is open, and (b) is when the window is closed.

The solar panel unit of the embodiment of the present invention and the building member provided with the solar panel unit will be described with reference to the drawings.
As the building member provided with the solar panel unit of the present embodiment, a ventilation window that opens and closes naturally by an external force such as wind will be described as an example. However, the building member provided with the solar panel unit is the outer periphery of the building. It may be a curtain wall, a wall material, a fence, a roof member, etc. arranged in, and is not particularly limited.

The ventilation window of the present embodiment is, for example, a window installed in an opening formed at an upper position of a room in a building, and as shown in FIG. 1, two natural ventilation windows that open and close independently are in the left-right direction. They are lined up in a row to form a continuous window.
The ventilation window may be a continuous window in which three or more windows are arranged, or may be a single window.

The ventilation window is formed by assembling the upper frame 11, the lower frame 12, and the left and right vertical frames 13 and 14 made of a metal material such as aluminum in four circumferences, and fixing the mullion 15 between the upper frame 11 and the lower frame 12. It is equipped with a frame body 1 having a plurality of (two in FIG. 1) opening frames and shoji screens 2 and 2 arranged to be openable and closable in each opening frame, and is composed of two natural ventilation windows arranged side by side. Has been done.
Hereinafter, the natural ventilation window of the present embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings using the natural ventilation window arranged on the right side of the ventilation window.

(Natural ventilation window)
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the natural ventilation window of the present embodiment has an opening frame composed of an upper frame 11, a lower frame 12, a mullion 15, and a right vertical frame 14, and an upper frame made of a metal material such as aluminum. The stile 21, the lower stile 22, and the left and right stiles 23, 24 are assembled in four directions, and the stile 2 is provided with the solar panel unit 5 attached to the inner circumference of the stile.

The shoji 2 is rotatably supported by the rotation shaft 2a at a position above the intermediate height (about 1/3 from the top) in the height direction of the left and right stiles 23 and 24, and is a rotation shaft. The opening is opened and closed by tilting so that the upper portion of 2a is on the indoor side and the lower portion of the rotation shaft 2a is on the outdoor side.
The upper stile 21 of the shoji 2 is provided with a weight 25 projecting to the indoor side, and is balanced so as to open and close naturally around the rotation shaft 2a by the wind force (external force) applied to the shoji 2.

An opening / closing arm 4 that is driven by a drive motor 85 and controls the opening / closing state of the shoji 2 and 2 is provided on the finding surface of the mullion 15 on the indoor side.
The opening / closing arm 4 has an upper arm 41 provided above the rotation shaft 4a and a lower arm 42 provided below the rotation shaft 4a, and the upper arm 41 and the lower arm 42 are at a predetermined angle. It is configured by being connected. Rollers 41a and 42a that come into contact with the indoor side surface of the left stile 23 of the shoji 2 are provided at the tips of the upper arm 41 and the lower arm 42.

The drive motor 85 is controlled by a natural ventilation control means 83 to which a detection device such as a wind speed sensor 81 and a rainfall sensor 82 is connected, and is driven by electric power supplied from a storage battery 84 or a commercial power source 86.
By supplying the electric power generated by the solar panel unit 5 to the storage battery 84, the electric power supplied from the commercial power source 86 can be saved.

Then, in the natural ventilation control means 83, based on the detection information of the wind speed sensor 81, the rainfall sensor 82, etc., when the weather is calm without rainfall or the like, the upper arm 41 of the opening / closing arm 4 is in a vertical state as shown in FIG. The drive motor 85 is driven so that the lower arm 42 is in a substantially vertical state with an inclination of about 45 degrees toward the indoor side, and is allowed to be opened as shown by the dotted line 2.
On the other hand, in bad weather such as strong wind, the natural ventilation control means 83 can drive the drive motor 85 so that the upper arm 41 of the opening / closing arm 4 is in a substantially vertical state, and can limit the opening of the shoji 2.

As shown in FIG. 4, the upper frame 11 of the frame body 1 is attached to the inner circumference of the skeleton opening A via the anchor member B fixed to the skeleton, and is arranged on the inner circumference of the skeleton opening A. It has an upper frame main body 111, a door stop wall 112 that hangs downward from the inner circumference of the upper frame main body 111 on the outdoor side, and a hanging wall 113 that hangs from the inner peripheral surface of the upper frame main body 111.

As shown in FIG. 4, the lower frame 12 of the frame body 1 is attached to the inner circumference of the skeleton opening A via the anchor member B fixed to the skeleton, and is arranged on the inner circumference of the skeleton opening A. It has a lower frame main body portion 121 and a door stop portion 122 that rises upward from the inner circumference of the lower frame main body portion 121 on the indoor side.

As shown in FIG. 5, the right vertical frame 14 of the frame body 1 is attached to the inner circumference of the skeleton opening A via the anchor member B fixed to the skeleton, and is arranged on the inner circumference of the skeleton opening A. The right vertical frame main body 141, the outdoor side wall 142 extending in the inner peripheral direction from the outdoor side end of the right vertical frame main body 141, and the right vertical frame main body 141 from the outdoor inner peripheral surface to the inner peripheral direction. It has an airtight wall 143 extending in the airtight wall and a fixing groove 144 for fixing an airtight material mounting member described later.

The mullion 15 is fixed between the upper frame 11 and the lower frame 12, and extends in the inner peripheral direction from the mullion main body 151 having a hollow portion and the outdoor side end of the mullion main body 151. It has an outdoor side wall 152, an airtight wall 153 extending in the inner peripheral direction from the outdoor inner peripheral surface of the mullion main body 151, and a fixing groove 154 for fixing the airtight material mounting member.
The mullion 15 has a larger expected dimension than the left and right vertical frames 13 and 14, and the mullion main body 151 protrudes indoors, and the opening / closing arm 4 is on the prospective surface of the mullion main body 151 protruding indoors. Is provided.

On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. It has a door stop piece 213 provided on the outer peripheral surface of the upper stile main body 211 on the outdoor side of the outer peripheral portion 212, and a weight 25 is provided on the indoor surface of the upper stile main body 211.

Between the upper frame 11 and the upper stile 21, the airtight material s provided on the indoor side surface of the door stop wall 112 of the upper frame 11 comes into contact with the door stop piece 213 of the upper stile 21 of the shoji 2 and the upper stile 21 The airtight material s provided on the outdoor side surface of the outer peripheral portion 212 is airtight by abutting on the hanging wall 113 of the upper frame 11.

As shown in FIGS. It has a frontage wall 222 and a ridge 223 attached to the lower frame main body 221. The glass frontage 22a is formed by the indoor side glass frontage wall 222 and the ridge 223.

The space between the lower frame 12 and the lower stile 22 is airtight when the airtight material s provided at the outdoor side end of the door stop portion 122 of the lower frame 12 comes into contact with the indoor side surface of the lower stile 22 of the shoji 2. ..

The left and right stiles 23 and 24 of the shoji 2 have the same configuration, and as shown in FIGS. The outdoor side walls 232 and 242 extending in the outer peripheral direction from the outdoor side ends of the left and right stile main bodies 231,241 and the left and right stile main bodies 231 and 241 extending in the outer peripheral direction from the outdoor outer peripheral surface. The airtight walls 233 and 243, the fixing grooves 234 and 244 for fixing the airtight material mounting members 237 and 247, and the indoor glass frontage walls 235 and 245 extending to the inner circumference of the indoor side, left and right. It has ridges 236 and 246 attached to the inner peripheral surface of the vertical stile body 231,241 on the outdoor side, and the glass frontages 23a and 24a are formed by the indoor side glass frontage walls 233 and 243 and the ridges 234 and 244. ..

The method of airtightness between the right vertical frame 14, the mullion 15, and the left and right vertical frames 23, 24 is different above and below the central axis 2a.
Specifically, in the portion above the central axis 2a, as shown in FIG. 5, the right vertical frame 14 and the outdoor side wall 142 of the mullion 15 and the outdoors are closed because the shoji 2 approaches the opening frame from the indoor side and closes. The airtight materials s1 and s1 are provided on the side wall 152, and as shown in FIG. 7A, the airtight materials s2 and s2 are attached to the fixing grooves 234 and 244 of the left and right vertical frames 23 and 24. Members 237 and 247 are fixed.

Then, the airtight material s1 provided on the right vertical frame 14 and the mullion 15 abuts on the outdoor side of the left and right vertical stiles 23 and 24, and the airtight material s2 and s2 provided on the left and right vertical stiles 23 and 24. Is in contact with the airtight walls 143 and 153 of the right vertical frame 14 and the mullion 15 from the indoor side, so that the right vertical frame 14, the mullion 15 and the left and right stiles 23 and 24 are airtight.

On the other hand, in the portion below the central axis 2a, airtight materials s1 and s1 are provided on the outdoor side walls 232 and 242 of the left and right stiles 23 and 24 so that the shoji 2 approaches the opening frame from the outdoor side and closes. The airtight material mounting members 237 and 247 to which the airtight materials s2 and s2 are mounted are fixed to the fixing grooves 144 and 154 of the right vertical frame 14 and the mullion 15.

Then, the airtight materials s1 and s1 provided on the left and right vertical frames 23 and 24 abut on the outdoor side of the right vertical frame 14 and the mullion 15, and the airtight materials s2 provided on the right vertical frame 14 and the mullion 15. , S2 abuts on the airtight walls 233 and 243 of the left and right stiles 23 and 24 from the indoor side to make the right stile frame 14, the mullion 15 and the left and right stiles 23 and 24 airtight. There is.

(Solar panel unit)
As shown in FIGS. 6, 7, and 8, the solar panel unit 5 mounted on the inner circumference of the frame includes the solar panel 51 arranged on the surface (outdoor side) of the solar panel unit 5. Supports a reflective plate 52 arranged parallel to the solar panel 51 at intervals, a reflective lens 522,522 arranged on the solar panel side of the reflective plate 52, and the solar panel 51 and the reflective plate 52. It has a support plate 53 to be fixed.

The solar panel 51 is formed by sandwiching a plurality of double-sided light receiving type cells 511,511 between transparent plate-shaped members, and as shown in FIG. 9A, the plurality of cells 511,511 are arranged. It has a central portion 51a to be formed and a peripheral portion 51b in which cells are not arranged.

As shown in FIGS. 9B and 9C, the reflection plate 52 has a flat surface portion 52a facing the central portion 51a of the solar panel 51 and a curved portion 52b formed on the outer periphery of the flat surface portion 52a. The curved portions 52b are smoothly continuous at the four corners 52c of the reflective plate 52, and the curved portions 52b are formed on the reflective plate 52 so as to be continuous on the four sides.
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 10, an appropriate number of reflective lenses 522 and 522 are fixed to the outdoor side surface of the flat surface portion 52a of the reflective plate 52.
Further, a hole 52d through which the wiring from the solar panel 51 is passed is formed at a predetermined position of the curved portion 52b.

As shown in FIGS. 6 (b), 7 (b), and 7 (c), the support plate 53 includes a rectangular back surface aluminum plate 531 forming an indoor side wall surface of the solar panel unit 5 and a back surface aluminum plate 531. It has a frame member 532 fixed in a rectangular shape on the outdoor side surface, and a ridge member 533 attached to the frame member 532.

The frame members 532, 532, 532 have a main body portion 532a fixed to the back surface aluminum plate 531 and an upper wall portion 532b continuous with the upper surface of the fixed portion, and the reflection plate 52 is formed by the main body portion 532a and the upper wall portion 532b. An insertion portion 532c to be held is formed.

The ridge member 533 has a mounting portion 533a to be attached to the frame member 532 and a holding portion 533b for holding the solar panel 51, and the mounting portion 533a is screwed to the outer peripheral surface of the main body portion 532a of the frame member 532 or the like. A holding groove 533c for holding the edge of the solar panel 51 is formed between the upper wall portion 532b of the frame member 532 and the holding portion 533b of the ridge member 533.
Then, in the holding groove 533c, a sealing member 534 such as an airtight rubber that is airtight with the solar panel 51 is arranged. The space between the holding groove 533c and the solar panel 51 may be airtight by filling a sealing material.

As shown in FIG. 10, the solar panel unit 5 is assembled by inserting frame members 532, 532, 532 on three sides on one surface of the aluminum plate 531 on the back surface of the support plate 53 so that the insertion portion 532c is on the inner peripheral side. It is arranged in a shape and fixed from the back surface of the back surface aluminum plate 531 by a fixing means such as a screw.
The end faces of the frame members 532, 532, 532 are cut off at an angle of 45 degrees, and the ends of the frame members 532, 532, 532 are brought into contact with each other and fixed.

The reflective plate 52 is inserted into the insertion portion 532c from the open side of the three-sided frame member 532, 532, 532 fixed to one surface of the back surface aluminum plate 521, and after the reflective plate 52 is completely inserted, the back surface aluminum A frame member 532 is attached to one open side of the plate 521, and the reflective plate 52 is fixed to the back surface aluminum plate 531.

After that, as shown in FIG. 11, the ridge member 533, 533, 533 is attached to the frame members 532, 532, 532 on three sides of the frame member 532. A seal member 534 is arranged between the upper wall portion 532b of the frame member 532 and the holding portion 533b of the ridge member 533.

The solar panel 51 is inserted into the holding groove 533c from the open side of the support plate 53 to which the ridge member 533, 533, 533 is attached to the three sides, and after the solar panel 51 is completely inserted, the ridge member 533 , 533, 533 is attached to the ridge member 533 on one open side to complete the assembly of the solar panel unit 5.

Then, as shown in FIGS. 6 (a) and 7 (a), the assembled solar panel unit 5 is erected from the indoor side with respect to the stiles assembled around the four circumferences, and the back surface aluminum plate 531 By fixing the solar panel unit 5 to the frame from the back surface by a fixing means such as a screw, the shoji 2 to which the solar panel unit 5 is attached is formed. At this time, the solar panel unit 5 is stabilized by inserting synthetic resin spacers 91, 92, 93, 94 into the glass frontages 21a, 22a, 23a, 24a of each of the frame materials 21, 22, 23, 24. Can be installed.

As shown in FIG. 3, the natural ventilation window of the above embodiment allows the shoji 2 to open and close naturally by wind power, and opens and closes a window formed at a high position in the room without requiring electrical power. Can be ventilated.
Further, in the natural ventilation window of the present embodiment, in bad weather, the opening / closing arm 4 is rotated based on the output information of the wind speed sensor 81, the rainfall sensor 82, etc. to forcibly close the window or limit the opening / closing angle. Can be done.

Further, in the natural ventilation window of the present embodiment, since the solar panel unit 5 is arranged on the obstacle 2, it is possible to generate electricity by the sunlight hitting the obstacle 2, and the generated electricity is used to drive the drive motor 85 of the opening / closing arm 4. Since the driving power can be supplied, it is possible to provide a natural ventilation window capable of forced closing control in bad weather while suppressing the use of the commercial power source 86.
Needless to say, the drive motor 85 that drives the opening / closing arm 4 may be driven by the electric power from the commercial power source 86.

Here, as shown in FIG. 9A, the solar panel 51 arranged on the obstacle of the natural ventilation window is formed by arranging a plurality of cells 511 having a fixed size, but the size of the obstacle 2 is uniform. However, since the solar panel 51 is fixed to the solar panel unit 5 by sandwiching the end portion by the ridge member 533, it is difficult to arrange the cell 511 in the peripheral portion of the solar panel 51.
Therefore, the sunlight that hits the peripheral portion of the solar panel unit 5 is wasted.

Therefore, the solar panel unit 5 of the present embodiment adopts a double-sided light receiving type cell as a cell to be arranged on the solar panel 51, and the sunlight that hits the peripheral portion of the solar panel unit 5 is directed to the back surface of the solar panel 51. It is configured so that it can be taken into the solar panel and applied to the back surface of the cell.

Therefore, in the solar panel unit 5 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 6, the reflective plates 52 are arranged in parallel with the solar panel 51 at intervals, and the reflective plates 52 of the present embodiment are arranged. A curved portion 52b is formed on the outer periphery of the central flat portion 52a.

Then, as shown in FIGS. 12A and 12B, the sunlight L1 to L4 that hit the peripheral portion 51b of the solar panel unit 5 in both the open / closed state and the closed state of the natural ventilation window It can pass through the transparent member of the solar panel 51, be taken into the back surface of the solar panel 51, be reflected by the curved portion 52b of the reflection plate 52, and be applied to the back surface of the double-sided light receiving type cell 511.
Further, a reflective lens (convex lens) 522 is arranged on the flat surface portion 52a of the central portion of the reflective plate 52 so as to correspond to the cell 511, and the sunlight L1 to L4 reflected by the curved portion 52b can be efficiently used in the solar panel 51. It can be applied to the back surface of cell 511.

At that time, since the curved portion 52b of the reflection plate 52 is smoothly continuous at the four corners 52c of the reflection plate 52, even the sunlight that hits the corners of the solar panel unit 5 can be reflected toward the back surface of the cell 511. It can take in more sunlight.

Further, the sunlight L5 that hits the gap of the cell 511 of the solar panel 51 can also be taken into the back surface of the solar panel 51 by passing through a transparent member, and the reflective lens 522 makes it possible to take the sunlight L5 into the cell 511 of the solar panel 51 without waste. Can be applied to the back side of.

As described above, the natural ventilation window of the present embodiment can perform natural ventilation according to the outdoor situation by natural energy such as wind and sunlight.

Then, the solar panel uses a plurality of cells of the same size to cope with obstacles of various dimensions, and while using a solar panel in which cells are not arranged in the peripheral portion, the sun that hits the periphery of the solar panel. Since light can also be guided to a double-sided light receiving type cell, most of the sunlight that hits the window can be converted into electric power without waste.

As described above, the building member provided with the solar panel may be a curtain wall, a wall material, a fence, a roof member, etc. in addition to the window, but the solar panel is arranged depending on the incident angle of the sun. It may be configured to have a control for adjusting the amount of power generation by changing the angle of the building member.

The electric power generated by the solar panel unit of the above embodiment may be used for any purpose.
It goes without saying that the above embodiments do not limit the invention described in the claims and are treated as examples.

1: Frame body 2: Shoji 5: Solar panel unit 51: Solar panel 511: Cell 52: Reflective plate 52a: Flat surface portion 52b: Curved portion 522: Reflective lens

Claims (2)

It has a solar panel, a reflective plate arranged parallel to the solar panel at intervals, and a reflective lens arranged on the solar panel side of the reflective plate.
The solar panel is formed by sandwiching a plurality of double-sided light receiving type cells between transparent members, and has a central portion in which the plurality of cells are arranged and a peripheral portion in which the cells are not arranged.
The reflective plate has a flat portion facing the central portion of the solar panel and a curved portion formed on the outer periphery of the flat portion.
The reflective lens is a solar panel unit located on the flat surface of the reflective plate. A building member including the solar panel unit according to claim 1.

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