JP2020511575A - 統合された超臨界水および水蒸気分解プロセス - Google Patents
統合された超臨界水および水蒸気分解プロセス Download PDFInfo
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- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
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- B01J3/00—Processes of utilising sub-atmospheric or super-atmospheric pressure to effect chemical or physical change of matter; Apparatus therefor
- B01J3/008—Processes carried out under supercritical conditions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G31/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by methods not otherwise provided for
- C10G31/08—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by methods not otherwise provided for by treating with water
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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- C10G51/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more cracking processes only
- C10G51/02—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more cracking processes only plural serial stages only
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- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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Abstract
Description
実施例1.実施例1には、マサチューセッツ州ベドフォードのAspen Technology,Incの、炉の対流セクションの超臨界水プロセスへの統合を示すAspen HYSYS(登録商標)シミュレーションが含まれている。図7および図2Aを参照した第1のシミュレーションでは、水流4は、0.1μS/cm未満の導電率を有する純水としてシミュレートされた。原油流2の組成を表1に示す。加圧水205は、冷却装置150とのクロス交換により予熱され、予熱水705を生成する。予熱水705を温水器110で加熱して、超臨界水流210を生成する。
したがって、本発明の範囲は、以下の特許請求の範囲およびそれらの適切な法的同等物によって決定されるべきである。
Claims (21)
- 超臨界水(SCW)処理生成物の生成方法であって、前記方法は、
混合流を炉の対流セクションに導入して、対流アップグレーディング流を生成し、前記対流アップグレーディング流の温度は、水の臨界温度と500℃の間であり、変換反応は前記対流セクションで発生するステップと、
前記対流アップグレーディング流を超臨界反応装置に導入して反応装置流出物を生成し、前記超臨界反応装置は380〜450℃の温度と23〜35MPaの圧力に維持され、1つまたは複数の変換反応が前記超臨界反応装置で起こるステップと、
前記反応装置流出物を反応後段階に導入して前記SCW処理生成物を生成し、前記SCW処理生成物は、前記原油流と比較して増加したパラフィン濃度を含み、前記SCW処理生成物は一定量の水を含むステップと
を備える、方法。 - 前記反応後段階は、前記SCW処理生成物中の水の量を調整するように構成され得る、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記SCW処理生成物を前記炉の前記対流セクションに導入して炉流出物を生成し、前記SCW処理生成物は1つまたは複数の変換反応にさらされ、前記炉流出物は前記炉の放射セクションから引き出されるステップ
をさらに含む、請求項1または2に記載の方法。 - 前記SCW処理生成物を中間ユニットに導入して生成物流を生成するステップと、
前記生成物流を前記炉の前記対流セクションに導入して炉流出物を生成し、前記生成物流が1つまたは複数の変換反応にさらされ、前記炉流出物が前記炉の放射セクションから引き出されるステップと
をさらに含む、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 前記中間ユニットは、水素化処理プロセス、蒸留プロセス、および熱変換プロセスからなる群から選択される、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記中間ユニットは水素化処理プロセスであり、さらに前記生成物流は水素化処理(HTP)生成物である、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記原油流が20重量%を超える減圧残さ留分の濃度を含み、前記原油流が1.5重量%の硫黄を超える総硫黄含有量を含む、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記SCW処理生成物中の水の量は、1,000wt ppm未満である、請求項6または7に記載の方法。
- 前記水素化処理プロセスに水素ガスを導入するステップをさらに含む、請求項6から8のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記中間ユニットが蒸留プロセスであり、さらに前記生成物流が蒸留生成物である、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記蒸留プロセスは、常圧蒸留ユニット、減圧蒸留ユニット、およびそれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記原油流が、20重量%を超える減圧残さ留分を含む、請求項10または11に記載の方法。
- 前記SCW処理生成物が、20重量%を超える減圧残さ留分の濃度を含む、請求項10から12のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記蒸留プロセスの蒸留のカットポイントが650〜1050°Fである、請求項10から13のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記中間ユニットが熱変換プロセスであり、さらに前記生成物流が熱液体生成物である、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記熱プロセスが、コークス化プロセスおよび粘性破壊プロセスからなる群から選択される、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 前記原油流が、20重量%を超える減圧残さ留分の濃度を含む、請求項15または16に記載の方法。
- 前記熱液体生成物が、5重量%未満の減圧残さ留分の濃度を含む、請求項15から17のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- フィードポンプ内の原油流を水の前記臨界圧力以上の圧力まで加圧して加圧油を生成するステップと、
フィードヒータ内の前記加圧油を150℃以下の温度まで加熱して熱油流を生成するステップと、
水ポンプ内の前記水流を水の前記臨界圧力以上の圧力まで加圧して加圧水を生成するステップと、
温水器内の前記加圧水を水の前記臨界温度以上の温度まで加熱して超臨界水流を生成するステップと、
前記熱油流と前記超臨界水流を混合して前記混合流を生成するステップと
をさらに含む、請求項1から18のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - フィードポンプ内の原油流を水の前記臨界圧力以上の圧力まで加圧して加圧油を生成するステップと、
水ポンプ内の前記水流を水の前記臨界圧力以上の圧力まで加圧して加圧水を生成するステップと、
前記加圧油と前記加圧水を混合して、加圧混合物である前記混合流を生成するステップと
をさらに含む、請求項1から19のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 原油流をアップグレーディングするための装置であって、前記装置は、
前記原油流と水流から混合流を生成するように構成された予備反応段階と、
前記予備反応段階に流体接続された反応段階であって、前記反応段階は、
前記予備反応段階に流体接続された炉の対流セクションであって、前記対流セクションは前記混合流を変換反応にさらして対流アップグレーディング流を生成するように構成された、対流セクションと、
前記対流セクションに流体接続された超臨界反応装置であって、前記対流アップグレーディング流を変換反応にさらして反応装置流出物を生成するように構成された、超臨界反応装置と
を備える、反応段階と、
前記反応段階に流体接続された反応後段階であって、前記反応後段階は前記反応装置流出物を分離して超臨界水(SCW)処理生成物を生成するように構成され、前記SCW処理生成物は前記原油流と比較して増加したパラフィン濃度を含み、前記SCW処理生成物は一定量の水を含む、反応後段階と
を備える、装置。
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