JP2020020230A - Exterior wall structure - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide an exterior wall structure easy-to-form an opening in a wall composed of multiple panel materials.SOLUTION: The exterior wall structure includes: a wall body 20 in which a plurality of panel members 30 are arranged at intervals in the vertical and horizontal directions, and the panel members 30 that are in contact with each other are arranged so that the upper side face 32 of one panel member 30 and the lower side face 34 of the other panel member are connected in the lateral direction; and a connecting member (post-tension steel wire 50) for connecting the upper side face 32 and the lower side face 34.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to an outer wall structure.

  Patent Literature 1 listed below discloses a building structure in which an outside structure of the building is configured by wall columns and wall beams having a wall-type rigid frame structure.

JP-A-9-264050

  An outer shell frame combining a panel member having neither a columnar shape nor a beam shape with respect to an outer shell structure including column members and beam members like the building structure disclosed in Patent Document 1 is also known. I have. However, it is difficult to secure a wide opening in the outer shell frame composed of the panel material.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has as its object to provide an outer wall structure in which an opening can be easily secured in a wall formed of a plurality of panel members.

  The outer wall structure according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of panel members are arranged at intervals in a vertical direction and a horizontal direction, and the panel members that are in contact with each other are an upper side surface of one panel member and the other panel member. And a connecting member that connects the upper side surface and the lower side surface to each other so as to be connected to the lower side surface so as to be connected in the lateral direction.

  In the outer wall structure according to the first aspect, the panel members are arranged at intervals in the vertical and horizontal directions. The panel members that are in contact with each other are connected by a connecting member in a state where the upper side surface of one panel member is in contact with the lower side surface of the other panel member. Thereby, the openings are arranged in a zigzag pattern on the wall.

  Further, the vertical load acting on the panel material can be transmitted to the contacting panel material through the connecting member, and the horizontal load can be transmitted to the contacting panel material by the bearing pressure on the side surface of the panel material. According to the outer wall structure of the first aspect, it is possible to secure a wide opening while transmitting the load in the wall body constituted by the plurality of panel members.

  In the outer wall structure according to a second aspect, the connecting member is a tension member that presses the upper side surface and the lower side surface of the panel members that are in contact with each other.

  In the outer wall structure according to the second aspect, the upper side surface and the lower side surface of the panel material that are in contact with each other are press-bonded by a tension member. Thus, a vertical load acting on one panel member can be transmitted to the other panel member by frictional force.

  In the outer wall structure according to a third aspect, the connection member is a shear plate buried across the panel members that are in contact with each other.

  In the outer wall structure according to the third aspect, the shear plate is buried across the panel materials that are in contact with each other. Thus, the vertical load acting on the panel material can be transmitted to the panel material in contact with the shear force of the shear plate.

  In the outer wall structure according to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the panel member has a convex portion and a concave portion that vertically engages with the convex portion of the panel material that is in contact with the panel material.

  According to the outer wall structure of the fourth aspect, since the convex portion and the concave portion of the panel material that are in contact with each other are vertically engaged, the vertical load can be transmitted through the convex portion and the concave portion. For this reason, it is possible to efficiently stack and construct panel materials before tensioning the tension members.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to the outer wall structure which concerns on this invention, it is easy to secure an opening part in the wall body comprised by several panel materials.

(A) is a top view which shows an example of the building to which the outer wall structure which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention was applied, (B) is the wall of the building to which the outer wall structure which concerns on 1st Embodiment was applied. It is a partial enlarged elevation view shown. (A) is a partial cross-sectional view showing a state where a panel material is connected to form a wall in the outer wall structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and (B) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of (A). (C) is a sectional view taken along line CC of (A). It is an elevation view showing a method of forming a wall in an outer wall structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention. (A) is a partial sectional view showing a modification in which a concave portion and a convex portion are formed by inclined surfaces in the outer wall structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and (B) is a sectional view taken along line BB of (A). (C) is a sectional view taken along line CC of (A). It is a partial enlarged elevational view showing a state where a beam and a slab are joined to a wall to which an outer wall structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention is applied. (A) is an elevational view showing a method of forming a wall in the outer wall structure according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and (B) is a partially enlarged elevational view showing the formed wall. (A) is an elevation view showing a modification in which the shear plate is Z-shaped in the outer wall structure according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and (B) is a wall formed using the Z-shaped shear plate. It is a partial enlarged elevation view showing a body, and (C) is a perspective view showing a Z-shaped shear plate.

[First Embodiment]
(Planar configuration)
FIG. 1A shows a plan view of a building 10 to which the outer wall structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention is applied. The tube structure of the building 10 has a rectangular planar shape, and the outer wall structure according to the first embodiment is applied to all portions (all four sides of the rectangular shape) of the outer wall 12 arranged along the outer periphery. Building.

  In the outer wall 12, panel members 30 as wall materials and openings 40 into which sashes (window glass) are fitted are alternately arranged. The width of the panel member 30 and the width of the opening 40 are substantially the same. Further, the outer side surface and the inner side surface of the panel material 30 are both flat surfaces, and do not have a columnar shape or a beam shape. Note that the opening 40 may be only an opening into which a sash (window glass) is not fitted.

(Elevation configuration)
FIG. 1B shows a front view (elevation view) of the outer wall 12. The outer wall 12 is formed by a wall body 20 formed by assembling a plurality of panel members 30 with a post-tension steel wire 50 (see FIG. 2A) described later. In the wall body 20, a plurality of panel members 30 are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction (Z direction) and the horizontal direction (X direction).

  More specifically, panel members 30B and 30C are provided on both sides in the vertical direction of panel member 30A shown in FIG. Panel members 30D and 30E are provided on both sides in the horizontal direction of the panel member 30A with a space therebetween.

  Further, in the wall body 20, the panel members 30 that are in contact with each other are arranged so that the upper side surface of one panel member and the lower side surface of the other panel member are connected in the lateral direction. Specifically, the upper side surface 32 of the panel member 30A is in contact with the lower side surface 34 of the panel members 30F and 30H. In this state, the panel member 30A is arranged substantially flush with the panel members 30F and 30H, and is configured to be connected in the lateral direction.

  The lower side surface 34 of the panel member 30A is in contact with the upper side surface 32 of the panel members 30G and 30I. In this state, the panel member 30A is arranged substantially flush with the panel members 30G and 30I, and is configured to be connected in the lateral direction.

  With the above configuration, an opening 40B is formed in a portion surrounded by the panel members 30A, 30B, 30F, and 30H. Similarly, an opening 40C is formed in a portion surrounded by the panel members 30A, 30C, 30G, and 30I. Further, an opening 40D is formed in a portion surrounded by the panel members 30A, 30D, 30F, and 30G. Further, an opening 40E is formed in a portion surrounded by the panel members 30A, 30E, 30H, and 30I.

  As described above, while the plurality of panel members 30 are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction (Z direction) and the lateral direction (X direction), the upper side surface 32 and the lower side surface 34 of the panel members 30 that are in contact with each other are formed. The pattern in which the openings are formed in contact with each other is repeated along the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, and the wall body 20 is formed.

  The panel member 30 is a general term for the panel members 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D, 30E, 30F, 30G, 30H, and 30I. write. Similarly, the opening 40 is a general term for the openings 40B, 40C, 40D, and 40E. In the present specification, the opening 40 is referred to as the opening 40 unless otherwise required.

(Connected structure)
FIG. 2A shows a partial cross-sectional view of the wall body 20 cut along the in-plane direction of the panel member 30 (the direction along the X direction and the Z direction). On the upper side surface 32 of the panel member 30 constituting the wall body 20, a convex portion 32A protruding outward in the width direction (X direction) of the panel member 30 is formed. The lower side surface 34 of the panel member 30 is formed with a concave portion 34A that is recessed inward in the width direction of the panel member 30.

  The panel members 30 that are in contact with each other are arranged such that a convex portion 32A on an upper side surface 32 of one panel member 30 and a concave portion 34A on a lower side surface 34 of the other panel member 30 are vertically engaged with each other. Further, the convex portion 32A and the concave portion 34A are formed in a substantially rectangular shape.

  The state in which the convex portion 32A and the concave portion 34A are engaged with each other in the “vertical direction” means that the convex portion 32A and the concave portion 34A are in the vertical direction when the convex portion 32A and the concave portion 34A are engaged. Refers to the state where relative movement does not occur.

  Further, a through hole (not shown) penetrating between the upper side surfaces 32 is formed in an upper portion of the panel member 30. Similarly, a through hole penetrating between the lower side surfaces 34 is formed in a lower portion of the panel member 30. Between the panel members 30 that are in contact with each other, the through hole at the top of one panel member 30 and the through hole at the bottom of the other panel member 30 are arranged in a straight line and communicate with each other.

  A post-tension steel wire 50 as an example of a tension member in the present invention is inserted into these through holes. A tension is applied to the post-tension steel wire 50, whereby the upper side surface 32 and the lower side surface 34 of the panel material 30 that are in contact with each other are pressed.

  In order to assemble the panel members 30, as shown in FIG. 3, the panel member 30 </ b> A is dropped between the panel members 30 </ b> G and the panel members 30 </ b> I arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction (X direction). At this time, the concave portion 34A of the panel material 30A is vertically engaged with the convex portion 32A of the panel materials 30G and 30I. Thereby, panel material 30A is positioned between panel material 30G and panel material 30I.

  Thereafter, the steel wire 50A to which no tension is applied is inserted into the through holes of the panel members 30 (the panel members 30A, 30G, 30I, and the panel members 30G, 30I on the outer side in the width direction of the panel members 30G, 30I). I do. After the steel wire 50A is inserted into the through-hole, tension is applied using a jack or the like, and the steel wire 50A is fixed to the panel member 30 by a fixing tool (not shown) provided at an end. Thereby, the post tension steel wire 50 is formed. The through-hole is filled with a grout material.

(Internal frame)
As shown in FIG. 1 (A), a frame 60 is arranged inside the outer wall 12 formed by arranging the wall body 20 around four circumferences. The frame 60 includes a column 62, a large beam 64 provided on the column 62 and the wall 20, and a small beam 66 provided on the large beam 64 and the wall 20.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the large beam 64 and the small beam 66 are joined to the wall 20. Specifically, an anchor bolt 72 is embedded in the panel member 30 constituting the wall body 20, and the joining plate 74 is fixed to the panel member 30 by the anchor bolt 72. The large beam 64 and the small beam 66 are bolted to the joining plate 74. Thereby, the large beam 64 and the small beam 66 are joined to the panel member 30.

  In addition, a fixing streak 76 is embedded in the panel member 30, and an end of the fixing streak 76 protrudes from the panel member 30. The fixing streaks 76 are joined to the slab reinforcing bars 14A and the sleeve 78. Concrete is cast above the girder 64 and the girder 66, and the slab 14 is formed.

  Note that the anchor bolt 72 and the fixing streaks 76 do not need to be embedded in all the panel members 30. That is, the anchor bolt 72 may be embedded only in the panel material 30 to which the large beam 64 or the small beam 66 is joined, and the fixing streaks 76 may be embedded only in the panel material 30 to which the slab 14 is joined.

(Action / Effect)
In the outer wall structure according to the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1B, panel members 30 are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction (for example, panel member 30A and panel member 30B). Further, the panel members 30 are arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction (for example, the panel member 30A and the panel member 30D).

  The panel members 30 that are in contact with each other are connected to each other by a post-tension steel wire 50 (see FIG. 2A), and the upper side surface 32 of one panel member 30 (for example, panel member 30A) and the other panel member 30 (for example, panel member 30F). Are connected in a state of contact with the lower side surface 34. Thereby, the plurality of openings 40 are formed in a staggered manner.

  Further, in the outer wall structure according to the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2A, the side surfaces of the panel members 30 that are in contact with each other are crimped by the post tension steel wires 50 (for example, the upper part of the panel member 30G). The side surface 32 and the lower side surface 34 of the panel material 30A).

  Thus, a vertical load acting on one panel member 30 (panel member 30A) can be transmitted to the other panel member 30 (panel member 30G) by frictional force. The horizontal load acting on one panel member 30 (panel member 30A) is applied to the lower side surface 34 of one panel member 30 (panel member 30A) and the upper side surface 32 of the other panel member 30 (panel member 30G). By the supporting force between them, it can be transmitted to the other panel member 30 (panel member 30G).

  In the outer wall structure according to the first embodiment, the panel members 30 that are in contact with each other are such that the projections 32A on the upper side surface 32 of the one panel member 30 and the concave portions 34A on the lower side surface 34 of the other panel member 30 are mutually different. They are arranged so as to engage in the vertical direction. Thereby, a vertical load can be transmitted via the convex portion 32A and the concave portion 34A.

  For this reason, as shown in FIG. 3, for example, when arranging the panel member 30A between the panel members 30G and 30I, the panel member 30A is placed at a predetermined position (a position spaced apart from the panel member 30C by a predetermined vertical distance). Can be positioned.

  When the panel member 30A is positioned, each through hole in the panel member 30 (the panel member 30A, 30G, 30I, and the panel member 30G, 30I on the outside in the width direction of the panel member 30G, 30I) continues in the horizontal direction. However, since they are arranged so as to be aligned on a straight line (to communicate with each other), it is easy to insert the steel wire 50A.

  The convex portions 32A and the concave portions 34A are disposed on the upper side surface 32 and the lower side surface 34 of the panel member 30, respectively, and are formed in a substantially rectangular shape. However, embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

  For example, like the panel member 80 shown in FIGS. 4A to 4C, the lower side surface 84 is provided with a convex portion 84 </ b> A that protrudes outward in the width direction (X direction) of the panel member 80, and the upper side surface 82 has A concave portion 82A that is recessed inward in the width direction (X direction) of the panel member 80 may be provided. The projection 84A is inclined from the lower end surface of the panel member 80 outward in the width direction of the panel member 80. The concave portion 82A is inclined from the upper end surface of the panel member 80 outward in the width direction of the panel member 80.

  Thus, the shapes and locations of the projections and depressions in the panel material according to the present invention can be appropriately selected. Further, the convex portion and the concave portion may not be provided. For example, a configuration may be adopted in which the lower side surface 34 of the panel member 30 is not provided with the concave portion 34A (see FIG. 2A) and the upper side surface 32 is not provided with the convex portion 32A.

  Even if the projections 32A and the recesses 34A are not provided, the panel members 30 that are in contact with each other are pressed by the post-tension steel wire 50, so that the vertical load acting on one of the panel members 30 (the panel member 30A) is reduced by the frictional force. Thereby, it can be transmitted to the other panel member 30 (panel member 30G).

  When the projections 32A and the depressions 34A are not provided, a spacer of a predetermined size can be arranged on the upper surface of the panel material 30C when the panel material 30A is installed, and the panel material 30A can be positioned. The spacer is removed after tension is applied to the post tension steel wire 50.

  Further, in the first embodiment, the post-tension steel wire 50 is used as the tension member, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a post-tensioned steel bar may be used as the tension member.

  Further, in the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1A, the present invention is applied to all portions (all four rectangular sides) of the outer wall 12 arranged along the outer periphery of the building 10. Although the outer wall structure according to the embodiment is applied, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the present invention can be applied to a part of the outer wall 12, for example, only three sides, two sides, and one side of a rectangular shape. The same applies to a second embodiment described later.

[Second embodiment]
(Connected structure)
In the outer wall structure according to the second embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, the upper side surface 92 and the lower side surface 94 of the panel member 90 that are in contact with each other are formed using a shear plate 96 as a connecting member. Are linked.

  As shown in FIG. 6C, the shear plate 96 has a base plate 96A whose in-plane direction is arranged along the X direction and a Y direction orthogonal to the X direction on a horizontal plane, and is bonded to the upper surface of the base plate 96A. The main body plate 96B is provided along the direction and the Z direction, and a plurality of anchors 96C welded to both surfaces of the main body plate 96B so as to protrude along the Y direction.

  As shown in FIG. 6A, the panel material 90 and the shear plate 96 are formed integrally. Specifically, when forming the panel material 90 using concrete, the shear plate 96 is set at a predetermined position of the formwork. Thereby, the panel member 90 and the shear plate 96 projecting from the lower side surface 94 of the panel member 90 in the width direction of the panel member 90 are integrally formed.

  A concave portion 92 </ b> A is formed in the upper side surface 92 of the panel member 90. The concave portion 92 </ b> A is provided so as to open to the upper surface and the side surface of the panel material 90.

  In order to form the wall body 20 using the panel material 90, the panel material 90A is dropped between the panel material 90G and the panel material 90I that are arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction (X direction). At this time, the shear plate 96 protruding from the panel material 90A is inserted into the concave portion 92A in the panel materials 90G and 90I.

  Thereby, panel material 90A is positioned between panel material 90G and panel material 90I. In addition, the shear plate 96 is disposed across the panel material 90A and the panel material 90G that are in contact with each other. Similarly, a shear plate 96 is arranged straddling the panel material 90A and the panel material 90I that are in contact with each other.

  Thereafter, a grout material is filled in a gap between the concave portion 92A and the shear plate 96. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 6B, the panel materials 90G and 90I and the shear plate 96 are joined. That is, the panel member 90A is connected to the panel members 90G and 90I.

(Action / Effect)
In the outer wall structure according to the second embodiment, a shear plate 96 is embedded over a panel member 90 (for example, panel members 90A and 90G) that is in contact with each other. Thus, the vertical load acting on the panel material 90 (the panel material 90A) is brought into contact with the shearing force of the shear plate 96 (adhesive force of the anchor 96C to the grout material) and the supporting force (the supporting force of the base plate 96A against the concave portion 92A). Material 90 (panel material 90G).

  In the second embodiment, the shear plate 96 is arranged so that the base plate 96A is located at the lower end, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the base plate 96A may be arranged so as to be located at the upper end of the shear plate 96. Alternatively, the base plate 96A may be omitted. The vertical load can be transmitted between the panel materials 90 by the adhesive force of the anchor 96C to the grout material regardless of the arrangement or presence or absence of the base plate 96A.

  That is, the “shear plate” in the present invention means that when a vertical shearing force (vertical load) is applied between the panel members 90 that are in contact with each other, the shearing force is transmitted between the panel members 90 by resisting the shearing force. Refers to mechanisms that can be used.

  When the base plate 96A is omitted, for example, it is preferable to form irregularities or roughen the inside of the concave portion 92A to increase the adhesion between the panel material 90 and the grout material. If the adhesion to the grout material is increased, the effect of transmitting the vertical load can be enhanced.

  Alternatively, instead of the base plate 96 </ b> A, a protrusion protruding outward in the width direction (X direction) from the lower side surface of the panel member 90 may be provided below the shear plate 96. The projections are integrally formed of concrete when the panel material 90 is formed. By providing the projections on the panel member 90, the workability can be enhanced, similarly to the panel member 30 of the first embodiment.

  Further, in the second embodiment, the main body 96B of the shear plate 96 is formed in a rectangular shape, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. For example, as in a shear plate 98 shown in FIG. 7A, the main body 98B may have a Z-shape (hook shape) in which one of the left and right sides protrudes upward and the other protrudes downward in a front view.

  In this way, while maintaining the number of the anchors 98C at the same level as that of the anchors 96C (see FIG. 6A), as shown in FIG. 7B, the distance between the panel members 90A and the panel members 90C is increased. Can be widened.

  Further, in the second embodiment, the post-tension steel wire 50 in the first embodiment may be used in addition to the shear plate 96 and the shear plate 98 to join the panel members 90 that are in contact with each other. Alternatively, reinforcing bars to which no tension is applied can be appropriately arranged between the panel members 90 that are in contact with each other. Thus, the present invention can be implemented in various aspects.

Reference Signs List 20 wall 30 panel material 32 upper side 32A convex 34 lower side 34A concave 40 opening 50 post-tension steel wire (tensile member, connecting member)
80 panel material 82 upper side surface 82A concave portion 84 lower side surface 84A convex portion 92A concave portion 96 shear plate 98 shear plate

Claims (4)

A plurality of panel members are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, and the panel members that are in contact with each other have an upper side surface of one of the panel members and a lower side surface of the other of the panel members in the horizontal direction. A wall that is placed in contact so as to be connected,
A connecting member that connects the upper side surface and the lower side surface,
Exterior wall structure with.   2. The outer wall structure according to claim 1, wherein the connection member is a tension member that presses the upper side surface and the lower side surface of the panel material that are in contact with each other.   The outer wall structure according to claim 1, wherein the connection member is a shear plate buried across the panel members that are in contact with each other.   4. The outer wall structure according to claim 2, wherein the panel material has a convex portion and a concave portion that vertically engages with the convex portion of the panel material that is in contact with the panel material. 5. .