JP2019110698A - Demand response system - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a demand response system capable of reducing system power as required.SOLUTION: A demand response system comprises: a database for recording target device data; an operation unit for formulating a DR plan to generate DR execution data for causing a target device to execute a demand response based on the DR plan; and a main body side communication unit for transmitting the DR execution data and receiving achievement data. The target device data includes information that represents whether it is an adjustable type or not such that reduced power during a DR period can be changed. The operation unit formulates the DR plan so that the target device including one or more adjustment types executes the demand response in each DR period.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

  The present invention relates to a demand response system that formulates a demand response plan and controls a customer's equipment based on the demand response plan.

  In order to reduce the tightness of supply and demand in commercial power grids, the utilization of demand response to reduce the power supplied from commercial power grids by consumers on demand (hereinafter referred to as “grid power”) is considered. ing. In particular, in recent years, the use of ADR (Automated Demand Response), which realizes automation of a request for reduction of grid power to a customer and further automation of reduction control of grid power in the customer, has attracted attention.

  For example, in Patent Document 1, a power demand adjustment plan management that formulates a power demand adjustment plan that allocates a demand adjustment amount to a selected customer for each predetermined time segment based on predetermined constraint conditions and information on customers An apparatus has been proposed. This device formulates a power demand adjustment plan based on the maximum adjustable amount, the minimum adjustable amount, the maximum duration, the minimum duration and the minimum downtime set for each customer. In addition to this plan, which is mainly the power demand adjustment plan to be executed, this equipment also prepares for the case where the customers who do not participate in this plan participate in the power demand adjustment plan in case the customers who participate in this plan withdraw. In addition, a supplementary plan will be formulated.

JP, 2017-70131, A

  However, the power demand adjustment plan management device proposed in Patent Document 1 always formulates a complementary plan to reduce system power more than necessary, and therefore not only requests the consumer to bear an excessive burden. It will be necessary to pay excessive incentives commensurate with the burden.

  Therefore, the present invention provides a demand response system capable of reducing system power as required.

In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, there is provided a database for recording target device data including information representing an execution condition of a demand response in each of a plurality of target devices, and future continuous based on the target device data. A calculation unit that formulates a DR plan for achieving the target reduction power amount in each of one or a plurality of DR periods, and generates DR execution data for causing the target device to execute a demand response based on the DR plan When,
And a main unit communication unit for transmitting the DR execution data to the customer having the target device and receiving the performance data including the consumption status of the system power in the customer; Includes information indicating whether or not it is an adjustment type capable of changing reduced power during the DR period, and the calculation unit is configured to adjust the adjustment type in each of the one or more DR periods. The DR plan is formulated such that the target device including one or more of them performs a demand response, and the calculation unit calculates the performance data acquired during the DR period in each of the DR periods, Change for changing the reduction power by the target device which is at least one of the adjustment types so that the target reduction power amount in the DR period is achieved It generates DR execution data, the body-side communication unit to provide a demand response system, characterized by transmitting the DR execution data after the change.

  According to this demand response system, it is possible to more reliably achieve the target reduction power amount of the DR period by changing the reduction power by the target device which is the adjustment type during the DR period.

  For example, in the demand response system having the above characteristics, the operation unit may reduce the power consumption from the start time of the DR period to the specific time based on the actual data acquired during the DR period in each DR period. The specific time reduction power amount which is an amount is calculated, and the specific time reduction energy amount and the intermediate target reduction power amount which is the reduction power amount to be achieved at the specific time become small. The post-modification DR execution data may be generated by changing the reduction power of the target device, which is the adjustment type in the following.

  In particular, in the demand response system having the above characteristics, the calculation unit is configured such that the difference between the intermediate performance reduced power amount and the intermediate target reduced power amount is offset at the timing of acquiring the next performance data. The post-change DR execution data may be generated by changing the reduction power of the target device that is the adjustment type.

  According to this demand response system, the target device which is the adjustment type in order to prevent the occurrence of a shortage or an excess of the reduced power amount before receiving the actual data and confirming the effect of the variation of the reduced power It is not necessary to fluctuate the reduced power of (for example, to restore the reduced reduced power). In addition, according to this demand response system, it is known that it is necessary to change the reduction power of the target device which is the adjustment type (for example, restore the reduced reduction power) after receiving the result data. It is possible to prevent leaving without changing.

  Further, in the demand response system having the above characteristics, the computing unit can not achieve the target reduction power amount even if the reduction power by the target device which is the adjustment type is changed in the current or future DR period. If it is determined that it is possible, the DR plan may be formulated again.

  According to this demand response system, even if the target reduction power amount can not be achieved even if the reduction power by the adjustment type target device is changed, the target reduction power amount is achieved by redefining the DR plan It can be made possible.

  For example, in the demand response system having the above features, the main body side communication unit may or may not include information indicating whether the target device can execute a demand response in the current or future DR period. Data is received, and the operation unit is not one or more of the adjustment types scheduled to perform demand response in the current or future DR period in the DR plan based on the executability data. When it is detected that the target device can not execute the demand response, the DR plan may be formulated again.

  Further, for example, in the demand response system having the above-mentioned feature, in the individual DR period, the operation unit reduces, from the start time of the DR period to the specific time, based on the actual data acquired during the DR period. When the intermediate actual reduction electric energy which is the electric energy is calculated and the intermediate actual reduction electric energy which is the intermediate actual reduction electric energy which should be achieved at the specific time is deviated by a predetermined degree or more , The DR plan may be formulated.

  According to the demand response system of the above-mentioned feature, it is possible to more reliably achieve the target reduction power amount of the DR period by changing the reduction power by the target device which is the adjustment type during the DR period. Therefore, unlike the demand response system proposed in Patent Document 1, there is no need to constantly formulate a complementary plan and reduce system power more than necessary. Therefore, it is possible to reduce system power as required.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a demand response system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The flowchart which shows an example of operation | movement of the demand response system which concerns on embodiment of this invention. The figure which shows an example of object device data. The figure which shows the example of formulation of DR plan by a calculating part. The figure which shows an example of the change method of the reduction electric power by the object apparatus which is adjustment type. The figure which shows an example of redevelopment of DR plan. The figure which shows an example of redevelopment of DR plan.

<< Configuration Example of Demand Response System >>
An example of the configuration of a demand response system according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a demand response system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  The demand response system 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention receives a request to reduce system power of a specific size in a planned period which is a future specific period, and plans for a demand response to be executed in the planned period. (Hereafter, it is called "DR plan"). However, this planning period is composed of one or more consecutive DR periods, and it is determined for each of the DR periods whether reduction of the requested system power has been achieved. Specifically, when one DR period is X hours, and the requested reduction power size is YkW, the power amount of X × YkWh (hereinafter referred to as “target reduction power amount”) is reduced in the DR period. If it can be done, the reduction of the requested system power will be achieved (see the example described in FIG. 4 (a) described later).

  As shown in FIG. 1, the demand response system 1 includes a database 11, an arithmetic unit 12, and a main unit communication unit 13. The demand response system 1 includes devices (hereinafter referred to as “target devices”) 41 to 43 possessed by the customers D1 to D3 in order to reduce the amount of power supplied from the commercial power system to the customers D1 to D3. It controls and performs demand response. Further, the customers D1 to D3 are exemplified by representing a part of the customers who can be requested to execute the demand response by the demand response system 1, and in fact, the target devices with which a large number of customers are provided are in demand. May perform a response.

  The database 11 includes, for example, a recording device capable of recording large-capacity data such as a hard disk. The database 11 stores data necessary for the calculation by the calculation unit 12. Specifically, the database 11 records target device data including information representing the execution condition of the demand response in each of the plurality of target devices 41 to 43, and of the system power of each of the customers D1 to D3. It records actual data including consumption status.

  The arithmetic unit 12 includes, for example, an arithmetic device such as a central processing unit (CPU) and a storage device such as a semiconductor memory. The calculation unit 12 formulates a DR plan for achieving the target reduction power amount in each of the DR periods based on the target device data. In addition, the operation unit 12 generates DR execution data for causing the target devices 41 to 43 to execute the demand response based on the formulated DR plan. The DR execution data is generated for each of the target devices 41 to 43 or for each of the customers D1 to D3.

  The main-body communication unit 13 includes, for example, a communication device that transmits and receives data to and from each of the customers D1 to D3 via a predetermined communication network such as the Internet. In particular, the main unit communication unit 13 transmits the DR execution data generated by the calculation unit 12 to each of the customers D1 to D3. Moreover, the main body side communication part 13 receives the performance data transmitted from each of the consumers D1 to D3.

  The actual data is transmitted not only when the demand response is executed but also when the demand response is not executed, and is received by the main unit communication unit 13 and recorded in the database 11 as needed. The calculation unit 12 calculates a baseline, which is the amount of power consumed at normal times, based on the actual data when the demand response is not executed (hereinafter referred to as “normal time”). The difference between the baseline and the amount of power consumed when executing the demand response is the amount of power reduced by the demand response.

  The calculation method of the baseline may be any calculation method as long as it is appropriate as a calculation method of the amount of power consumed by the consumers D1 to D3 during normal times. For example, a method of using as a baseline the average value of the grid power consumed in the same time zone as the time period for executing the demand response for the past several days, or the system consumed in several hours immediately before executing the demand response A method is known which uses an average value of power as a baseline. Also, although a baseline is created in principle for each customer D1 to D3, for example, for the purpose of confirming whether or not the target reduction power amount has been achieved, a plurality of customers D1 to D3 are provided. You may create a total of minutes.

  The customer D1 includes a customer communication unit 21, a power management unit 31, and a power generation device 41. The customer D2 includes a customer communication unit 22, a power management unit 32, and a storage battery 42. The customer D3 includes a customer communication unit 23, a power management unit 33, and a power consumption device 43.

  The customer communication units 21 to 23 each include, for example, a communication device that transmits and receives data to and from the main communication unit 13 via a predetermined communication network such as the Internet. In particular, the consumer side communication units 21 to 23 transmit actual data to the demand response system 1 every unit time (for example, every 10 minutes). The customer communication units 21 to 23 also receive the DR execution data transmitted from the demand response system 1.

  The power management units 31 to 33 include measurement units 311 to 331 that measure system power consumed by the customers D1 to D3, and control units 312 to 332 that control target devices and execute demand responses. The measuring units 311 to 331 include, for example, devices capable of measuring the system power consumed by the customers D1 to D3 at every unit time (for example, every one minute) such as a smart meter, and the measurement results are shown as actual data Generate as. The control units 312 to 332 include, for example, an arithmetic device such as a CPU and a storage device such as a semiconductor memory.

  The power generation device 41 uses, for example, an electric device that generates power such as a fuel cell or an engine generator (in particular, an electric device capable of controlling the amount of generated power), an electric device that generates power, and waste heat of the electric device. And a cogeneration system equipped with the Moreover, the storage battery 42 is comprised with the electric equipment which charges and discharges a lithium ion battery etc., for example. Further, the power consumption device 43 is configured of, for example, an electric device that consumes power, such as an air conditioner.

  The control unit 312 controls the amount of power generated by the power generation device 41. In particular, the control unit 312 performs control (including control to cause the power generation device 41 to start power generation) to increase the amount of power generated by the power generation device 41 based on the DR execution data received by the customer side communication unit 21. Perform demand response by doing.

  Control unit 322 controls the amount of power that storage battery 42 discharges. In particular, the control unit 322 performs control to increase the amount of power discharged by the storage battery 42 (including control to start discharge of the storage battery 42) based on the DR execution data received by the customer side communication unit 22. And perform demand response. Note that control unit 322 may control storage battery 42 to be charged before the DR period arrives, in order to discharge storage battery 42 in the DR period and supply a sufficient amount of power. .

  The control unit 332 controls the amount of power consumed by the power consuming device 43. In particular, the control unit 332 performs control (including control to stop the power consuming device 43) to reduce the amount of power consumed by the power consuming device 43 based on the DR execution data received by the customer side communication unit 23. Perform demand response by doing.

  The control units 312 to 332 may be dedicated devices provided for each of the power generation device 41, the storage battery 42, and the power consuming device 43, but are devices for collectively controlling a plurality of electric devices. It is also good. For example, the control units 311 to 331 may be part of a home energy management system (HEMS) or a building energy management system (BEMS). Although not particularly illustrated in FIG. 1, the consumers D1 to D3 naturally include other devices such as power consumption devices in addition to the target devices 41 to 43.

  Moreover, although FIG. 1 illustrates the case where the demand response system 1 is configured by the database 11, the calculation unit 12, and the main body side communication unit 13, the customer side communication provided in the customers D1 to D3. Some or all of the units 21 to 23, the power management units 31 to 33, the power generation device 41, the storage battery 42, and the power consumption device 43 may be interpreted as a part of the demand response system 1.

  Moreover, although FIG. 1 illustrates the case where one customer D1 to D3 has only one target device 41 to 43, even if one customer has a plurality of target devices. Good. In this case, one control unit may control one target device, or one control unit may control a plurality of target devices.

<< Operation example of demand response system >>
Next, an example of the operation of the demand response system 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the demand response system according to the embodiment of the present invention.

  The demand response system 1 starts the operation shown in the flowchart of FIG. 2 by receiving a demand response execution request from a power company or the like. At this time, for example, the main unit communication unit 13 receives the demand response execution request data transmitted from the power company or the like, and the database 11 records the same, or the user of the demand response system 1 receives the demand response execution request ( For example, the electric power company or the aggregator) creates demand response execution request data and causes the database 11 to record the demand response execution request data, whereby the demand response system 1 receives the demand response execution request. The demand response execution request data includes the date and time when the demand response should be performed, the size of the power to be reduced, and the like.

  As shown in FIG. 2, first, the operation unit 12 formulates a DR plan based on the target device data and the demand response execution request data recorded in the database 11 (step # 1).

  Here, an example of the target device data will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of target device data. As shown in FIG. 3, the target device data includes information representing the execution condition of the demand response in each of the plurality of target devices T1 to T3. For example, in the target device data, “DR compatible date”, “DR compatible available time”, “model”, “type”, “rated capacity”, “DR capacity”, “operating DR creation time”, “stopped” The time DR creation time, the "continuable time", the "minimum load operation", the "restart delay time", the "SOC lower limit" and the "SOC upper limit" are included. Although only representative target devices T1 to T3 are illustrated in FIG. 3, information of other target devices is also included in the target device data.

  The “DR compatible available date” is a date on which demand response can be executed, and is, for example, a day of the week or a date. The “DR adaptable time” is a time zone in which demand response can be performed. “Model” is the model of the target device, and is, for example, a power generation device, a storage battery, a power consumption device, or the like. The “type” is also associated with the above “type”, and there are adjustment types capable of changing power reduction during a DR period (for example, 30 minutes) for executing demand response, and other base types. "Rated capacity" is the rated capacity of the target device. The “DR capacity” is a capacity that can be created when executing a demand response. The “operating DR creation time” is a time required to be able to create the necessary reduced power when the target device is operating. The “stop DR creation time” is a time required to be able to create the required reduced power when the target device is stopped. "Continuous time" is the time when the demand response can be executed continuously. The “minimum load operation” is the lower limit of the output of the target device. The “restart delay time” is a time required for the target device of the adjustment type to stop the execution of demand response and then start the execution of demand response again. The “SOC lower limit” is a state of charge (SOC: State Of Charge) at which discharging of the storage battery is stopped. The “SOC upper limit” is a charging state in which charging of the storage battery is stopped. In FIG. 3, the restart delay time is not set on the assumption that the target response device of the base type does not restart when the execution of the demand response is stopped, but even if it is the base type, it is difficult to restart. The restart delay time may be set for the target device without.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of formulation of a DR plan by the computing unit. FIG. 4A shows demand response execution request data. FIG. 4 (b) is a diagram showing a consumer who is a candidate for requesting execution of the demand response, which is selected based on the demand response execution request data and the target device data shown in FIG. 4 (a). FIG.4 (c) is a figure which shows an example of DR plan formulated based on the selection result of FIG.4 (b).

  The demand response execution request data illustrated in FIG. 4A is a request for continuously reducing the power of 400 kW during the planning period from 14:00 to 18:00 when the DR plan is formulated. However, whether or not the requested power is reduced by the execution of the demand response is determined every 30 minutes of the DR period starting from each of 0 minutes and 30 minutes. Therefore, if it is possible to reduce the target reduction power amount of 400 kW × 0.5 hours = 200 kWh in each of the DR periods, the power requested by the execution of the demand response is reduced. However, the result of the demand response is calculated as the amount of power below the baseline calculated based on the actual performance data at normal times.

  The calculation unit 12 detects a target device capable of executing a demand response in the planning period illustrated in FIG. 4A based on the target device data illustrated in FIG. 3. The target devices T11 to T13, T21, T22, and T31 illustrated in FIG. 4B are target devices not illustrated in FIG.

  At this time, as shown in FIG. 4B, the calculation unit 12 detects the target devices of the base type and the adjustment type, and calculates the priority when adopting it for the DR plan for each type. This priority is calculated, for example, to be higher for customers who facilitate the achievement of the requested reduced power. For example, it may be calculated such that the higher the rate at which the reduction power requested at the time of execution of the past demand response can be achieved (that is, the higher the success rate), the higher the priority. For example, it may be calculated so that the priority is higher as the demander with a large reduction power (the demander with a large DR capacity, the demander with a storage battery with a large SOC).

Hereinafter, one calculation example of the priorities of the target devices of the base type and the adjustment type will be specifically described. Determining the priority order of larger DR value V _DR calculated by the following equation (1). Vp (xp) on the right side of Formula (1) changes between 0 and 1 according to the amount of consideration (xp) for the unit power amount reduced by the demand response determined in advance by contract etc. for each target device The price index value to be calculated is calculated by the following equation (2). Further, Vr (xr) on the right side is a reliability index value that changes between 0 and 1 according to the degree of variation (xr) in power consumption for each customer, and Calculated by). In the right side of the equation (1), Vp (xp) is weighted by the 冪 operation with the positive real number n as the 冪 index. Weighting by the 冪 operation may be performed on Vr (xr) on the right side of equation (1). In the case of the following formula (1), the price index value Vp (xp) is evaluated lower than the reliability index value Vr (xr) in 0 <n <1, and the price index value Vp (xp) in n> 1. Is evaluated higher than the reliability index value Vr (xr).

  The degree (xr) of variation in the amount of power consumption for each customer is one or more predetermined calculation target time zones (for example, morning) of the calculation target days in the past fixed period (for example, 1 to 12 months). It is given by the relative mean square error (RRMSE) of the actual value of the power consumption of the grid power for each predetermined calculation time unit (for example, DR period) from 0 o'clock to 12 o'clock in the afternoon. Specifically, a) an error between the average value of the actual values for each time unit in the predetermined period and the actual value for each day is calculated for each time unit. b) A sum of squares of errors for each time unit on all calculation target days calculated in the above a) is divided by the total number of time units to be calculated to calculate a mean square error. c) Calculate the average value (actual average value) of actual values for each time unit in the calculation target time zone of all calculation target days. d) The relative mean square error is calculated by dividing the square root of the mean square error calculated in the above b) by the actual average value calculated in the above c).

In the present embodiment, the price index value Vp (xp) and the reliability index value Vr (xr) are represented by the logistic functions shown in the following equations (2) and (3) as an example. The values on the left side of Equation (2) and Equation (3) both approach 1 as the variables xp and xr decrease, and approach 0 as the variables xp and xr increase. H _P and h _{R in} each equation are parameters adjusted so that Vp (xp) and Vr (xr) do not exceed 1 within the fluctuation range of variables xp and xr, and k _p , P ₀ , k _R , R ₀ is a parameter for adjusting the degree and position of the gradient of Vp (xp) and Vr (xr), and is adjusted according to the actual situation.

Here, the calculation method described above priority (whether currently operating, start-stop times of up to the time of calculation, etc.) the operation state of the target device in accordance with, the calculated DR value V _DR, priorities It may be excluded from the candidates to be determined. In addition, the said driving | running state may be made to be included in the execution conditions of the object apparatus data shown in FIG.

  Moreover, the calculation method of a priority is not limited to the said calculation example. For example, the calculation target time zone when calculating xr, which is a variable of the reliability index value Vr (xr), is divided into a plurality of time zones or DR periods, and the priority is classified according to the plurality of time zones. Alternatively, it may be calculated for each DR period. In this case, the priority corresponding to the DR period for which the DR plan is formulated will be used.

  As illustrated in FIG. 4C, the calculation unit 12 formulates a DR plan such that a target device including one or more adjustment types in a DR period executes a demand response. Specifically, for example, target devices of the base type are assigned in descending order of priority so that the reduced power of each DR period does not become equal to or more than the reduced power, and for parts that do not satisfy the reduced power, Assign target devices of adjustment type in descending order of priority. For example, FIG. 4C illustrates a case where a DR plan is formulated so as to generate 100 kW reduced power by the adjustment type target device in each of eight DR periods. In addition, the calculation unit 12 selects a customer in descending order of priority and formulates a DR plan. Although FIG. 4C exemplifies a DR plan in which only a few target devices execute demand response, it is possible that a large number of target devices such as tens and hundreds execute demand response. It is possible to develop a good DR plan.

  As illustrated in FIG. 2, when the operation unit 12 formulates a DR plan, the operation unit 12 controls the target device to execute a demand response based on the DR plan (step # 2). Specifically, the operation unit 12 generates DR execution data for causing the target device to execute the demand response, and the main unit communication unit 13 transmits the DR execution data. Depending on the control method of the control units 312 to 332 or the target devices 41 to 43 (see FIG. 1), it may be necessary to frequently generate and transmit DR execution data (for example, every one minute). It may be sufficient to transmit only once before the start of the DR period. However, in any case, it is necessary to create target devices for which the DR creation time during operation or DR creation time during shutdown is long, such as a power generation device such as a cogeneration system. In anticipation, it is necessary to transmit the DR execution data at least earlier than the start time of the DR period by at least the generation time.

  When the DR period starts, the main unit communication unit 13 receives the result data and the executability data (step # 3). The executability data is data including information indicating whether the target device can execute the demand response in the current or future DR period, and the state of the current target device (during operation, during stop) , Information indicating the failure), and information indicating the state of the target device in the future (the customer has refused to execute the demand response). The executability data may also include information on the SOC of the storage battery 42 and the like.

  If the planning period has not ended yet (step # 4, NO), operation unit 12 determines whether it is necessary to re-design the currently formulated DR plan (step # 5). Specifically, if it is not possible to achieve the target reduction power amount even if the reduction power by the adjustment type device is changed, the calculation unit 12 determines that it is necessary to re-design the DR plan (step #). 5, YES), re-formulate a DR plan (step # 6). Note that redevelopment of the DR plan will be described later in <Replanning of the DR plan>.

  Next, the calculation unit 12 determines whether or not it is necessary to change the reduction power by the target device which is the adjustment type (step # 7). If operation unit 12 determines that a change in reduced power by the target device that is the adjustment type is necessary (Step # 7, YES), after change to change the reduced power by the target device that is at least one adjustment type DR execution data is generated (step # 8).

Here, the operation of the calculation unit 12 in steps # 7 and # 8 will be described by taking a specific example with reference to the drawings. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a method of changing the reduction power by the target device which is the adjustment type. In addition, in FIG. 5, the target reduction electric energy of DR period which is 30 minutes is W _DR kWh, and 10 minutes, 20 minutes, and 30 minutes after DR period start receives the performance data in each of The case is illustrated.

In FIG. 5, the intermediate target reduced power amount, which is the reduced power amount to be achieved at a specific time during the DR period, is indicated by a white square (□). This mid-target reduction power consumption is calculated on the condition that the target reduction power consumption W _DR kWh is achieved after 30 minutes which is the end point of the DR period with a constant reduction power, and the mid-target reduction power after 10 minutes The amount of power is W _DR × 10/30 = W _DR / 3 kWh, and the intermediate target reduced power after 20 minutes is W _DR × 20/30 = 2 W _DR / 3 kWh.

The broken line connecting the white squares (□) in FIG. 5 indicates the amount of reduced power when the power is reduced according to the DR plan. The reduced power in this case corresponds to the slope of the broken line and is 2W _DR (400 kw in the example of FIG. 4). The calculation unit 12 formulates a DR plan and generates DR execution data such that the total reduction power is 2W _DR . However, since the result of the demand response is calculated as the power below the baseline, the reduced power according to the DR plan does not necessarily become the result of the demand response as it is. For example, if the consumer consumes more system power than usual, the result of the demand response is reduced, and the result is smaller than the reduction power instructed by the DR execution data. Further, for example, if the consumer consumes less system power than usual, the result of the demand response becomes excessive, and the result becomes larger than the reduction power instructed by the DR execution data.

  Therefore, based on the actual data, the calculation unit 12 calculates the intermediate actual reduction electric energy which is the reduction electric energy from the start time of the DR period to the specific time (after 10 minutes, after 20 minutes) (black in FIG. Filled circles: ●). Then, the calculation unit 12 generates post-modification DR execution data for changing the reduction power of the target device, which is the adjustment type after the specific time, so that the difference between the target reduction power amount and the intermediate reduction power amount becomes small.

For example, as illustrated in FIG. 5, when the target reduction power amount after 10 minutes is W _DR / 3, and the interim actual reduction power amount after 10 minutes is w ₁₀ , the computation unit 12 does not perform after 20 minutes. The reduction power of the target device which is the adjustment type is changed so that the difference W _DR / 3-w ₁₀ is offset. Specifically, the calculation unit 12 calculates the reduction power of the target device that is the adjustment type more than the reduction power instructed by the DR execution data (hereinafter referred to as “reference reduction power”) (W _DR / 3-w ₁₀ ) Increase by × 60/10 kW. The reduction of the power consumption is realized by increasing the reduction power of at least one of the target devices that are the adjustment type performing the demand response. Although FIG. 5 exemplifies the case where the intermediate actual reduction electric energy is smaller than the intermediate target reduction electric energy, if the intermediate actual reduction electric energy is larger than the intermediate target reduction electric energy, excessive incentive payment is Reduce power consumption of the target device that is the adjustment type to avoid.

Then, as illustrated in FIG. 5, if the difference W _DR / 3-w ₁₀ generated after 10 minutes is offset at the time after 20 minutes, the calculation unit 12 adjusts the adjustment type according to the post-change DR execution data The reduced power commanded to the target device is returned to the reference reduced power. On the other hand, if the difference is not completely offset after 20 minutes, the post-change DR execution data is generated to indicate reduced power larger than the reference reduced power, as the difference is offset after 30 minutes. . Also, although the difference is offset after 20 minutes, if the intermediate actual reduction power amount is larger than the mid-target reduction power amount and a negative difference occurs, the difference is offset after 30 minutes. As a result, post-modification DR execution data is generated which indicates reduced power smaller than the reference reduced power.

The following formula (4) is a generalization of the method of changing the reduction power of the target device which is the adjustment type illustrated in FIG. P _A Reducing power of the target device is an adjustment Type is (kW), T _I is the reception interval of the actual data (minutes), w _N intermediate results reducing power amount from the start time of the DR period to specific times ( kWh), W _{N + 1} is an intermediate target reduced power amount (kWh) when time T _N + T _I has elapsed from the start time of the DR period, and P _B is reduced power (kW) of the target device of the base type. In addition, during the DR period, the computing unit 12 calculates the intermediate performance reduced power amount each time the performance data is received, and calculates the reduced power of the target device which is the adjustment type.

Further, the amount of increase or decrease of the reduction power of the target device of the adjustment type can be calculated, for example, by the following equation (5). In the following equation (5), ΔP _A is increase / decrease amount (kW) of reduction power of target device which is adjustment type, T _DR is length of DR period (minute), T _I is reception interval of actual data (minute), W _DR is the target power reduction amount (kWh), w _N is the interim actual power reduction amount from the start time of DR period to specific time (kWh), T _N is the time from start time of DR period to specific time (minute) It is. However, ΔP _A is the increase / decrease amount based on the standard reduction power W _DR × 60 / T _DR −P _B of the target device of the adjustment type, and the reduction power of the target device of the adjustment type after fluctuation (kW) Is P _A = W _DR × 60 / T _DR −P _B + ΔP _A. Note that P _A = W _DR × 60 / T _DR −P _B + ΔP _A , W _{N + 1} = (T _N + T _I ) × W _DR / T _DR , and substituting these into the above equation (4) gives the following equation (5) is obtained. That is, the said Formula (4) and following formula (5) are only what deform | transformed the same formula.

  Then, the calculation unit 12 controls execution of the demand response again (step # 2). At this time, if the calculation unit 12 generates post-change DR execution data in step # 8, the main unit communication unit 13 transmits the post-change DR execution data to change the reduction power of the target device of the adjustment type. Do. Further, as in the case of 16 o'clock in FIG. 4C, when the target device for which the demand response is to be performed is to be switched in the DR plan, the arithmetic unit 12 switches as in the description of step # 2 described above. DR execution data for causing a target device to execute a demand response to be generated later is generated, and the main body side communication unit 13 transmits the DR execution data. Then, the above operation (steps # 2 to # 8) is repeated until the planning period is over (step # 4, YES).

  As described above, the demand response system 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention more reliably achieves the target reduction power amount of the DR period by changing the reduction power by the target device which is the adjustment type during the DR period. can do. Therefore, unlike the demand response system proposed in Patent Document 1, there is no need to constantly formulate a complementary plan and reduce system power more than necessary. Therefore, according to the demand response system 1, it is possible to reduce system power as required.

<Re-formulation of DR plan>
The re-development of the DR plan by the calculation unit 12 in step # 6 of FIG. 2 will be described by taking a specific example with reference to the drawings. Each of FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 is a figure which shows an example of redevelopment of DR plan. Each of FIGS. 6 and 7 is a diagram showing an example of the replanning of the DR plan when the DR plan shown in FIG. 4C is formulated. 6 (a) and 7 (a) are diagrams in which a shortage of reduced power (hatched area in the figure) is added to the DR plan before redevelopment, and FIG. 6 (b) and FIG. FIG. 7 (b) shows the DR plan after redevelopment.

  In the example shown in FIG. 6A, the target device T11 that is the base type, which was scheduled to execute the demand response from 15:00 to 16:00, can not execute the demand response in this time zone. , When there is a shortage of reduced power. For example, the target device T11, which is a power generation device, may not be able to generate power due to a failure or the like, or the customer having the target device T11 may refuse to execute demand response from 15:00 to 16:00 in advance.

  As in this example, the computing unit 12 indicates that one or more target devices of the base type scheduled to perform the demand response in the current or future DR period have become unable to perform the demand response. When it is detected, it is determined that the DR plan needs to be redesigned (step # 5, YES), and the DR plan is replanned (step # 6). Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6B, in the DR period from 15:00 to 16:00, the target devices T12 and T13 execute the demand response instead of the target device T11.

  Here, if it is known that the target device T11 can not execute the demand response sufficiently before 15:00, the DR during operation is started in the DR period starting from 15:00 in the DR plan to be formulated again. Even a target device with a long creation time or stop DR creation time may be incorporated. On the other hand, if it becomes clear that the target device T11 can not execute the demand response immediately before or after 15 o'clock, the DR period to be started from 15 o'clock in the DR plan to be redesigned is operated A target device with a short DR creation time or a short DR creation time may be preferentially incorporated.

Also, in the example shown in FIG. 7A, the power consumption of some customers becomes much larger than the baseline during the period from 15 o'clock to 16 o'clock, and the effect of demand response is greatly reduced. Is the case. Usually, in such a case, the target reduction power amount is achieved by increasing the reduction power by the adjustment target device T21 (see FIG. 5). However, the example shown to Fig.7 (a) is a case where the intermediate performance reduction electric power amount and the intermediate target reduction electric power amount have deviated more than predetermined level. For example, the intermediate target reduction amount of power, or if deviates from the target reduction amount of power more than 10%, the absolute value of [Delta] P _A in the above formula (5) is reduced power necessary to achieve a target reduction amount of power It is a case where it becomes 10% or more of (400 kW in the example of FIG. 7).

  As in this example, the computing unit 12 determines that it is necessary to re-design the DR plan, when the interim actual power reduction amount and the mid target reduction energy amount deviate by a predetermined degree or more (Step # 5). , YES), formulate a DR plan (step # 6). Specifically, as shown in FIG. 7B, the target device T13 is further caused to execute a demand response in the DR period from 15:00 to 16:00. In addition, contrary to the example shown in FIG. 7, the power consumption of some consumers becomes much smaller than the baseline, etc., and the effect of demand response becomes excessive, and a surplus of reduced power occurs. If the intermediate reduction power amount and the intermediate target reduction power amount deviate from each other by a predetermined degree or more, the calculation unit 12 re-formulates the DR plan in the same manner as described above, for example, to avoid excessive payment of incentives. Do.

  As described above, the DR unit 12 formulates the DR plan, and even if the target reduction power amount can not be achieved even if the reduction power by the target device which is the adjustment type is changed, the DR plan is formulated. By making correction, it is possible to achieve the target reduction power amount that can be achieved.

<< Modification etc. >>
[1] Figure 5 and the formula (4) and (5), based on the reception interval T _I of actual data, intermediate results reduced amount of power to receive actual data to a specific time and the intermediate target reduction amount of power and If it is found that the difference between the target equipment and the target equipment is adjusted so that the difference is offset before the next actual data is received (time T _I ). is an example, the length of time to cause the variation is arbitrary, not necessarily in time T _I.

However, if the time to change the reduced power of the target device that is the adjustment type is shorter than T _I , a shortage or excess of the reduced power occurs before the actual data is received and the effect of the change is confirmed. In order to prevent this, it may be necessary to vary the reduced power of the target device of the adjustment type (e.g. restore the varied reduced power). On the other hand, if the time during which the reduction power of the target device of the adjustment type is varied is made longer than T _I , the reduction power of the target device of the adjustment type is varied after receiving the actual data (for example, It may be possible to leave it unchanged without knowing that it is necessary to Therefore, from the viewpoint of avoiding these problems, it is preferable that the arithmetic operation unit 12 determine the necessity of the fluctuation of the reduction power of the target device which is the adjustment type, every time the actual data is received.

[2] In FIG. 2, after the formulation of the DR plan, until the start control of demand response is started (between steps # 1 and # 2), the main unit communication unit 13 performs actual data, for example, to calculate a baseline. May be received.

  In addition, after the formulation of the DR plan, the target device scheduled to execute the demand response fails or the demander executes the demand response until the demand response execution control is started (between steps # 1 and # 2). It is assumed that the demand response can not be executed due to rejection. Therefore, during this period, the calculation unit 12 may determine whether it is necessary to re-form a DR plan, and may re-form a DR plan if necessary. That is, steps # 5 and # 6 may be performed between steps # 1 and # 2 in FIG.

[3] In the above-mentioned embodiment, when the intermediate performance reduction power amount is larger than the intermediate target reduction power amount, it is described that the reduction power of the target device which is the adjustment type is reduced in order to avoid excessive incentive payment etc. did. However, in this case, since at least the demand response requirement is satisfied, it is not necessary to change the reduction power of the target device which is the adjustment type.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment, when the intermediate reduction power amount and the intermediate target reduction power amount deviate from each other by a predetermined degree or more, the calculation unit 12 performs the same process as described above in order to avoid excessive incentive payment. He explained that he would re-form a DR plan. However, in this case, it is not necessary to re-design the DR plan because at least the demand response request is satisfied.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be applied to a demand response system that formulates a demand response plan and controls a customer's equipment based on the demand response plan.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1: Demand response system 11: Database 12: Operation part 13: Main body side communication part 21-23: Consumer side communication part 31-33: Power management part 311-331: Measurement part 312-332: Control part 41: Power generation device (Target device)
42: Storage battery (target device)
43: Power consumption equipment (target equipment)
D1 to D3: Customers T1 to T3, T11 to T13, T21, T22, T31: Target devices

Claims (6)

A database for recording target device data including information representing an execution condition of a demand response in each of a plurality of target devices;
Based on the target device data, formulate a DR plan for achieving the target reduction power amount in each of one or more consecutive DR periods in the future, and based on the DR plan, request response to the target device An operation unit that generates DR execution data to be executed;
And a main unit communication unit configured to transmit the DR execution data to a customer having the target device and receive actual data including the consumption status of the grid power in the customer.
The target device data includes information indicating whether or not it is an adjustment type in which reduction power can be changed during the DR period,
The arithmetic unit formulates the DR plan such that the target device including one or more of the adjustment types executes a demand response in each of the one or more DR periods.
The calculation unit is at least one of the adjustment types such that the target reduction power amount in the DR period is achieved based on the actual data acquired in the DR period in each DR period. The demand response system characterized by generating post-modification DR execution data for changing the power reduction by the target device, and the main body side communication unit transmitting the post-modification DR execution data.   The calculation unit calculates, in each of the DR periods, an intermediate actual reduction power amount which is a reduction power amount from a start time of the DR period to a specific time based on the actual result data acquired during the DR period. The target device of the adjustment type after the specific time such that the difference between the intermediate actual power reduction and the intermediate target reduced power, which is the reduced power to be achieved at the specific time, becomes smaller The demand response system according to claim 1, wherein the post-modification DR execution data in which the reduction power is changed is generated.   The calculation unit is configured to reduce the target device as the adjustment type so that a difference between the interim actual reduction power amount and the mid-target reduction power amount is offset at a timing of acquiring the next actual performance data. The demand response system according to claim 2, wherein the post-modification DR execution data whose power has been changed is generated.   The calculation unit determines that the DR plan can not be achieved even if the reduction power by the target device which is the adjustment type is changed in the current or future DR period, if the target reduction power amount can not be achieved. The demand response system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the demand response is formulated again. The main body communication unit receives execution permission data including information indicating whether the target device can execute a demand response in the current or future DR period,
The calculation unit is configured to perform a demand response in the current or future DR period in the DR plan based on the executability data. The one or more target devices that are not the adjustment type are scheduled to perform a demand response. The demand response system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the DR plan is formulated again when it is detected that a response has become infeasible. The calculation unit calculates, in each of the DR periods, an intermediate actual reduction power amount which is a reduction power amount from a start time of the DR period to a specific time based on the actual result data acquired during the DR period. The DR plan is formulated again if the intermediate actual power reduction amount and the intermediate target power reduction amount which is the power reduction amount to be achieved at the specific time deviate from each other by a predetermined degree or more The demand response system according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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