JP2019177361A - Component scrap processing method - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a component scrap processing method that efficiently separates between aluminum-containing material and substrate scrap contained in electronic-electric device component scrap, and can recover the aluminum-containing material while reducing loss of valuable metal.SOLUTION: A component scrap processing method comprises the step of using an eccentric eddy current sorter 1 to sort aluminum-containing material 10a contained in electronic-electric device component scrap 10 to a repulsion side, and substrate scrap 10b to a non-repulsion side.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for treating component waste, and more particularly to a method for treating component waste suitable for recycling used electronic / electric equipment component waste, specifically, wire waste.

  In recent years, from the viewpoint of resource protection, it has become more and more popular to recover valuable metals from scrapped household electrical appliances, scraps of electronic and electrical equipment parts such as PCs and mobile phones. Has been proposed.

  For example, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-78151 (Patent Document 1), scraps containing valuable metals are charged into a flash melting furnace for copper ore smelting, and the valuable metals are collected in a mat that stays in the furnace. Recycling method for valuable metals including is described. According to such a recycling method, since scrap processing can be combined with copper smelting in a copper smelting flash furnace, valuable metals can be recovered at low cost even from scraps having a low content of valuable metals. .

  However, in the process using the copper smelting flash furnace as described in Patent Document 1, troubles occur in the copper smelting flash furnace due to an increase in the processing amount of electronic / electric equipment component waste. There are concerns.

  As one of the methods for generating troubles due to over-reduction of copper smelting flash smelting furnace, electronic / electrical equipment part waste is pulverized and processed before it is processed in copper smelting flash smelting furnace. It has been proposed to reduce. For example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2015-123418 (Patent Document 2), electrical / electronic device component waste containing copper is incinerated and then crushed to a predetermined size or less, and the crushed electrical / electronic device component waste is smelted into copper. Processing in a furnace is described.

  On the other hand, due to an increase in the processing amount of electronic / electric equipment component waste, depending on the type of material contained in the electronic / electric equipment component waste, a material such as aluminum (manufactured unfavorable for processing in the subsequent copper smelting process) Unnecessary substances including smelting inhibitors may be introduced in a larger amount than before. Therefore, it is desired to improve these separation techniques for appropriately removing unnecessary materials from the electronic / electric equipment component waste and efficiently recovering valuable materials recoverable in the copper smelting process.

  For example, an eddy current sorter is known as a device for sorting a magnetic material such as iron and a non-magnetic metal such as aluminum. The eddy current sorter is advantageous in that it can automatically and efficiently sort nonmagnetic metals such as copper, aluminum, and zinc, as well as plastic and rubber that are not electrical conductors, in addition to iron, which is a magnetic material. .

  However, when the object to be processed containing aluminum-containing material and substrate waste, such as electronic / electric equipment component waste, is sorted by an eddy current sorter, eddy current is generated in the metal such as copper wire contained in the substrate waste, It is difficult to successfully separate the aluminum-containing material from the substrate waste. Therefore, when recovering the aluminum-containing material, a large amount of substrate scrap containing valuable metals such as copper may be mixed to cause loss of valuable metals.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-78151 Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2015-123418

  In view of the above problems, the present disclosure is a component capable of efficiently separating aluminum-containing materials and substrate waste contained in electronic / electric equipment component waste and recovering aluminum-containing materials while reducing loss of valuable metals. Provide a waste disposal method.

  As a result of intensive studies by the present inventor in order to solve the above problems, it has been found that it is effective to use an eccentric eddy current sorter.

  In one aspect, the component waste processing method according to the embodiment of the present invention uses an eccentric type eddy current sorter to move the aluminum-containing material contained in the electronic / electric equipment component waste to the repulsion side, and the substrate waste. It is a processing method of the component waste including the process of classifying to the non-repellent side.

  According to the present disclosure, it is possible to efficiently separate the aluminum-containing material and the substrate waste contained in the electronic / electric equipment component waste, and to process the component waste capable of recovering the aluminum-containing material while reducing the loss of valuable metals. A method can be provided.

It is the schematic which shows the outline | summary of the eddy current selector which can be utilized for the processing method of the component waste which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a photograph showing the example of the selection result of the resilience obtained by the processing method of parts waste concerning Example 1. It is a photograph showing the example of the selection result of the resilience obtained by the processing method of the part waste concerning Example 2. It is a photograph showing the example of the selection result of the resilience obtained by the processing method of the parts waste concerning Example 3. It is a photograph showing the example of the selection result of the resilience obtained by the processing method of the parts waste concerning comparative example 1. It is a photograph showing the example of the selection result of the resilience obtained by the processing method of the parts waste concerning comparative example 2.

  Hereinafter, a method for treating component waste according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The following embodiments exemplify apparatuses and methods for embodying the technical idea of the present invention, and the technical idea of the present invention is the structure, arrangement, procedure, etc. of each component. Is not specified as follows.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the component waste processing method according to the embodiment of the present invention uses an eccentric eddy current sorter 1 to remove the aluminum-containing material 10 a contained in the electronic / electric equipment component waste 10. The step of sorting the substrate waste 10b to the non-repulsive material side and separating the aluminum of the electronic / electric equipment component waste 10 to the repulsive material side is included on the repulsive material side.

  The “electronic / electrical device parts waste” according to the present embodiment is a waste product obtained by crushing waste electrical appliances / electronic / electrical devices such as PCs and mobile phones, and after being collected, it is crushed to an appropriate size. Refers to things. This electronic / electric equipment component waste is generated by substrate waste, parts such as capacitors, synthetic resins (plastics) used in housings, metals such as SUS, iron and aluminum, film-like component waste, crushing and crushing It contains scraps of powder and other parts.

  Although not limited to the following, in the present embodiment, an electron having a particle size of 100 mm or less, more specifically, a particle size of 80 mm or less, and a single component separated as a component waste is 70% or more by weight. -Electrical equipment component waste can be treated appropriately.

  The raw material particularly suitable for the component waste processing method according to the embodiment of the present invention includes 1 to 50% by mass of the aluminum-containing material 10a among the electronic / electric equipment component scraps 10 including various component scraps, and substrate scraps. 10b is 1 to 50% by mass, more specifically 1 to 20% by mass of aluminum-containing material 10a, 1 to 30% by mass of substrate waste 10b, and further 1 to 10% by mass of aluminum-containing material 10a and 10b of substrate waste It is possible to use electronic / electric equipment component waste 10 containing 1 to 15% by mass. The aluminum-containing material 10a includes a plate-shaped or sheet-shaped aluminum piece, a capacitor, and the like.

  In order to obtain such an object to be treated, it is preferable to use a heavy material after wind sorting the raw material after crushing waste home appliances, electronic and electrical equipment such as PCs and mobile phones. Sorting with a sieving machine having a slit-like slit-shaped sieve against heavy objects by wind sorting, further sorting the objects on the sieve selected by the sieving machine with wind, and using heavy objects by magnetic sorting. A non-magnetic material after magnetic separation is preferably used.

  By using the raw material treated in such a procedure, the eddy current sorter 1 according to the present embodiment concentrates the aluminum-containing material 10a on the repulsive material side while suppressing the mixing of the substrate waste 10b on the repulsive material side. Therefore, the aluminum-containing material 10a can be taken out of the treatment system of the copper smelting treatment process.

  Furthermore, it is preferable to perform a step of sorting out the stainless steel pieces including screws and wires contained in the electronic / electric equipment component waste 10 before sorting the electronic / electric equipment component waste 10 by wind power. Sorting may be performed using a machine or by hand. By sorting out the stainless steel pieces including the screws and wires contained in the electronic / electric equipment component waste 10, it is possible to prevent the eddy current sorter 1 from being broken and perform the treatment for a long time.

  FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention that uses an eddy current sorter 1 to contain aluminum-containing material 10a, substrate waste 10b and other synthetic resins, magnetic metal, etc. contained in electronic / electric equipment component waste 10 The process which sorts out part waste 10c is shown.

  The eddy current sorter 1 is, for example, disposed in a rotating belt 2 that conveys electronic / electrical equipment component waste 10, a conveyor head pulley 3 that rotates the rotating belt 2, and the conveyor head pulley 3. A magnetic drum 4 that generates a magnetic field on the conveying surface; and a container 5 that is provided below the rotating belt 2 and that contains a repulsive material mainly including an aluminum-containing material 10a that exhibits a magnetic field and a repulsive action generated by the magnetic drum 4. , A container 6 for containing non-repulsive material mainly containing substrate waste 10b and other component waste 10c that are not accommodated on the repulsive material side, and containers 5 and 6 for improving the separation efficiency between the repulsive material and the non-repulsive material And a partition plate 7 that can be adjusted in inclination angle and length (height).

  In this embodiment, the eccentric drum type eddy current sorter 1 in which the diameter of the magnetic drum 4 is smaller than the diameter of the conveyor head pulley 3 and the positions of the axial core 4a of the magnetic drum 4 and the axial core 3a of the conveyor head pulley 3 are different. It is preferable to use it.

  In the eddy current sorter 1, the shaft core 4 a of the magnetic drum 4 disposed in the conveyor head pulley 3 is offset in the rotational direction of the conveyor head pulley 3 with respect to the shaft core 3 a of the conveyor head pulley 3. It is preferable to use the eccentric type eddy current sorter 1 arranged eccentrically at 0 ° to 45 °.

  By using the eccentric type eddy current sorter 1, compared with the concentric type eddy current sorter 1, a strong magnetic field is intensively applied to the electronic / electric equipment component waste 10 at a position optimal for jumping on the rotating belt 2. Can be given to. Thereby, the strong repulsive force can be produced by the aluminum containing material 10a, and the flight distance of the aluminum containing material 10a can be improved.

  Therefore, by using the eccentric type eddy current sorter 1, the aluminum-containing material 10a can be more selectively collected, and the substrate waste 10b including copper wire or the like that can be mixed into the aluminum-containing material 10a side. Separation efficiency can be improved.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the shaft core 4 a of the drum 4 is eccentric by a distance d compared to the shaft core 3 a of the conveyor head pulley 3, and the perpendicular direction passing through the shaft core 3 a of the conveyor head pulley 3 is It is set to 0 ° and is eccentric so as to have a positive eccentric angle θ in the rotation direction of the conveyor head pulley 3. The eccentric angle θ is more preferably 0 ° to 30 °, and still more preferably 0 ° to 20 °.

  If the speed of the rotating belt 2 (belt speed) is too slow, the processing efficiency may decrease, and if it is too fast, parts may roll and the separation accuracy may deteriorate. The speed of the rotating belt 2 is preferably 50 to 120 m / min, more preferably 80 to 120 m / min, and still more preferably 100 to 120 m / min.

  Increasing the rotational speed of the magnet drum 4 improves the recovery efficiency of the aluminum-containing material, while the substrate scrap 10b containing valuable metals such as gold and copper and metals containing these valuable metals are mixed into the non-repulsive material side. May cause valuable metal loss. It is preferable to process the rotational speed of the magnet drum 4 as 1000 to 3000 rpm. The number of rotations is more preferably 1000 to 2500 rpm, and more preferably 1000 to 2000 rpm.

  The magnetic force of the magnetic drum 4 is preferably 1000 to 5000 G, more preferably 1500 to 3500 G, and still more preferably 1500 to 3000 G. Thereby, more aluminum-containing materials can be conveyed to the container 5 on the non-repulsive material side in a state where the accompanying of the substrate waste is further reduced.

  According to the component waste processing method according to the embodiment of the present invention, the substrate containing copper or the like contained in the electronic / electric equipment component waste by performing the sorting process using the eccentric type eddy current sorter 1. The aluminum containing material 10a can be concentrated on the repulsive material side and the substrate waste 10b and the aluminum containing material 10a can be efficiently separated while suppressing the accompanying of the waste 10b to the repulsive material side. Although not limited to the following, according to the component waste processing method according to the embodiment of the present invention, aluminum in the object to be processed (electronic / electrical device component waste) has a chemical analysis value of 30% by mass or more. In a more preferred embodiment, it can be separated by 50 mass%, and in a more preferred embodiment, it can be separated by 80 mass% or more. As a result, while reducing the loss of valuable metals contained in the substrate scrap 10b and the like, aluminum that can be an inhibitor of the smelting process in the subsequent smelting process can be selectively discharged out of the processing system.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be embodied by modifying the components without departing from the scope of the invention. In addition, various inventions can be formed by appropriately combining a plurality of components disclosed in the embodiment. For example, some components may be deleted from all the components shown in the embodiment. Furthermore, you may combine the component of different embodiment suitably.

  Examples of the present invention will be described below together with comparative examples, but these examples are provided for better understanding of the present invention and its advantages, and are not intended to limit the invention.

Example 1
Waste materials, PCs, mobile phones, and other electronic / electrical equipment after crushing raw materials at 20 m / min, the aluminum content is 5% by mass, and substrate scrap is 2.5% by mass. Using an eccentric type eddy current sorter made by Nippon Magnetic Sorting, the heavy weight contained in the belt is 100 m / min, the rotational speed of the magnetic drum is 1400 rpm, the magnetic force of the magnetic drum is 3000 G, and the eccentric angle θ is 0 °. As a sorting process. The appearance and chemical analysis results of the repulsion are shown in FIG.

  In FIG. 2 and FIGS. 2 to 6 shown below, “distribution” in the table refers to a repulsive heavy object (g) with respect to the input weight (g) with respect to each substance (repulsive object, substrate waste, aluminum piece, capacitor). ) Ratio (= rebound weight / input weight).

  As shown in FIG. 2, in Example 1, there was no substrate distribution on the side of the repulsion, and about 20% of the aluminum pieces and about 40% of the capacitor could be separated on the repulsion side. As a result of chemical analysis, about 55% by mass of aluminum was separated on the repulsion side with respect to the object to be treated. As a result of chemical analysis, good results were obtained with a gold loss of 2 mass% and a copper loss of 3 mass%.

(Example 2)
For the same heavy load as in Example 1, the rotational speed of the magnetic drum was set to 2700 rpm using the eccentric eddy current sorter similar to that in Example 1, and the other conditions were the same as in Example 1. went. The appearance of the resilience is shown in FIG.

  In Example 2, about 30% of the aluminum piece and about 70% of the capacitor can be separated on the repulsion side. As a result of chemical analysis, about 88% by mass of aluminum can be separated on the repulsion side. It was. In Example 2, about 80% of the substrate waste could be transferred to the non-repulsive material side, but about 20% of the substrate waste was also distributed to the repulsive material side. Loss of valuable metals, such as gold loss of 8% by mass and copper loss of 7% by mass, also occurred.

  In Example 2, aluminum in heavy objects can be recovered with high efficiency, and the accompanying of the substrate is suppressed, and the separation and sorting of the aluminum-containing material and the substrate can be sufficiently performed. And it was somewhat inferior in terms of reducing valuable metal loss. Even in the case of using an eccentric type eddy current sorter, in order to further improve the sorting effect of substrate waste under conditions that do not cause repulsive force on the substrate waste, it is better to reduce the rotation speed. It turns out that it is preferable.

(Example 3)
Using the eccentric type eddy current sorter manufactured by Kanetec, the belt speed is 60 m / min, the rotational speed of the magnetic drum is 2500 rpm, the magnetic force of the magnetic drum is 2800 G, and the eccentric angle θ. Was selected as 12 °. The appearance of the resilience is shown in FIG.

  In Example 3, about 40% of the aluminum piece and about 10% of the capacitor can be separated on the repulsion side. As a result of chemical analysis, about 38% by mass of aluminum can be separated on the repulsion side. It was. In Example 3, about 80% of the substrate waste could be transferred to the non-repulsive material side, but about 20% of the substrate waste was also distributed to the repulsive material side. The loss of valuable metals, 3% by weight of gold and 5% by weight of copper, also occurred.

(Comparative Example 1)
A heavy material containing 50% by mass of aluminum-containing material and 50% by mass of substrate waste is sorted using a concentric eddy current sorter at a belt speed of 90 m / min, a magnetic drum rotation speed of 1500 rpm, and a magnetic drum magnetic force of 3000 G. FIG. 5 shows the appearance of the resilience when the length and angle of the partition plate are adjusted so that aluminum can be separated in the same manner as in Example 2. In Comparative Example 1, the aluminum piece was removed by 90% by mass as a result of the treatment under the same conditions as in Example 1, but the substrate scrap was accompanied by a large amount of 50% by mass on the repulsion side. The substrate waste could not be separated efficiently.

(Comparative Example 2)
When a heavy object similar to that of Example 1 is subjected to a sorting process using a concentric eddy current sorter at a belt speed of 90 m / min, a magnet drum rotation speed of 1500 rpm, and a magnet drum magnetic force of 3000 G, and the partition plate is adjusted. The appearance and chemical analysis results of the repulsion product are shown in FIG. In Comparative Example 2, the treatment was performed under the same conditions as in Example 1, but the amount of the substance accommodated on the side of the repulsion was very small, and the object to be treated was almost contained on the non-repulsion side. It was difficult to sort substrate waste and aluminum-containing material using concentric eddy current sorting under the same processing conditions. Further, in Comparative Example 2, although the partition plate was adjusted to prevent the mixing of the substrate scrap, only about 4% by mass of the aluminum piece and about 2% by mass of the capacitor could be recovered and separated on the repulsion side. The aluminum content was considerably less.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Eddy current sorter 2 ... Rotating belt 3 ... Conveyor head pulley 3a ... Shaft core 4 ... Magnet drum 4a ... Shaft core 5 ... Container 6 ... Container 7 ... Partition plate 10 ... Electrical equipment component waste 10a ... Aluminum content 10b ... Substrate waste 10c ... Other parts waste

Claims (7)

  A part characterized by using an eccentric type eddy current sorter to sort aluminum-containing material contained in electronic / electrical equipment part waste on the side of repulsion and substrate waste on the side of non-repulsion Waste disposal method.   2. The method for treating component waste according to claim 1, wherein 30% by mass or more of aluminum in the electronic / electrical device component waste is separated to the repulsion side.   The axis of the magnetic drum disposed in the conveyor head pulley provided in the eddy current sorter is eccentric by 0 ° to 45 ° in the rotation direction of the conveyor head pulley with respect to the axis of the conveyor head pulley. The processing method of the component waste of Claim 1 or 2 including using the said eddy current sorter arrange | positioned.   The processing method of the component waste of any one of Claims 1-3 including sorting the rotation speed of the magnetic drum with which the said eddy current sorter is provided as 1000-3000 rpm.   The processing method of the component waste of any one of Claims 1-4 including sorting the magnetic force of the magnetic drum with which the said eddy current sorter is provided as 1000-5000G.   The component according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising sorting the electronic / electric equipment component waste containing 1 to 50% by mass of the aluminum-containing material and 1 to 50% by mass of the substrate scrap. Waste disposal method.   The method for treating component waste according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the electronic / electrical device component waste is a non-magnetic material obtained by magnetically sorting heavy objects obtained by wind sorting. .