JP2019171368A - Water purification device and water purification method - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide purification of water using solar energy easily and inexpensively without requiring large facilities.SOLUTION: The water purification apparatus 1 includes: a concave condensing mechanism 10 composed of a plurality of reflecting panels; a heating container 20 installed at the center of the condensing mechanism 10 and containing water W1 up to a predetermined water level; a distillation pipe 40 which includes an upper end 41 located above a water level in the heating container, and a lower end portion 42 located outside the heating container, and through which water vapor generated by heating the water W1 in the heating container 20 by the light collecting mechanism 10 flows; a cooling mechanism 50 capable of cooling the water vapor flowing through the distillation pipe; and a water purification tank 60 capable of storing water droplets aggregated from the water vapor in the distillation pipe by the cooling mechanism 50. Water purification can be performed easily and inexpensively compared with a case requiring large-scale facilities such as those including installation of a drive-controlled reflection tower.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a purified water manufacturing apparatus and a purified water manufacturing method.

Known methods for purifying natural water such as rivers into drinking water include a method of filtering using hollow fibers, a method of separating using a reverse osmosis membrane, and a method of obtaining distilled water by heating and boiling. In addition, as a method of changing seawater to fresh water, a method of separating salt using an ion exchange resin is known.
As described above, when using hollow fibers, reverse osmosis membranes, or ion exchange resins, a specialist engineer is required for regeneration and maintenance of the membranes and operation of the equipment. . In addition, when natural water is heated and boiled, there is a problem that the fuel cost increases.

For this reason, it is an attempt to purify natural water using only solar heat as an energy source without using electric power or thermal power, and without requiring special materials such as hollow fibers, reverse osmosis membranes, and ion exchange resins. It has also been made.
For example, in Patent Document 1, a plurality of reflecting towers including parabolic large reflectors are installed on the ground, and the reflecting tower is driven and controlled according to the movement of the sun to reflect and collect sunlight, and the heat A water purification apparatus for obtaining purified water by heating and evaporating natural water and then condensing the water vapor with a condenser is disclosed.

JP 2006-125700 A

  However, in the case of the purified water manufacturing apparatus of Patent Document 1, the facility is large and requires a large installation space, and there is a problem that the cost required for the facility and the cost for manufacturing purified water are increased.

  Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is to perform purification of water such as natural water using solar energy simply and inexpensively without requiring large facilities.

  In order to solve the above-described problem, the water purification production apparatus according to the invention is installed in the light collecting region and a light collecting mechanism capable of collecting light toward the predetermined light collecting region by reflecting sunlight, A heating container capable of storing water up to the water level, one end of the heating container positioned above the water level in the heating container, the other end positioned outside the heating container, and the sunlight collected by the light collecting mechanism. A distillation mechanism capable of circulating water vapor generated by heating the water in the heating vessel by heat, a cooling mechanism capable of cooling the water vapor flowing in the distillation mechanism outside the heating vessel, and the distillation mechanism And a purified water storage mechanism capable of storing water droplets aggregated from water vapor in the distillation mechanism by the cooling mechanism. Moreover, it is preferable that the said distillation mechanism is a pipe-shaped distillation pipe which penetrates the wall surface of a heating container, and the said purified water storage mechanism is a purified water tank which has a bottom wall, a surrounding wall, and a ceiling wall.

  By constructing the water purification apparatus as described above, water purification can be performed easily and inexpensively as compared with the case where a large-scale facility such as a reflection tower that is driven and controlled as in Patent Document 1 is required. Can be done. Further, when the distillation mechanism is a pipe-shaped distillation pipe inserted through the wall surface of the heating vessel, the water vapor in the heating vessel can be separated from the water before purification, and the flow path of the water vapor can be set as desired. It becomes easy to design the shape. Furthermore, the purified water storage mechanism is not limited as long as it can store purified water, and can be exemplified by a tank shape surrounded by four sides, a container shape with an upper opening, or a tray shape, but a bottom wall, a peripheral wall, and a ceiling wall If it is a water-purifying tank having water, a certain amount of distilled water can be stored hygienically in the tank.

  In the water purification apparatus according to the invention, the heating container has a bottom wall, a peripheral wall, and a top wall, and is installed only on the peripheral wall of the inner surface of the heating container, or from the peripheral wall to the top wall, and capillarizes water in the heating container. It is preferable to adopt a configuration further comprising a water-absorbing material layer that sucks upward from the water level on the peripheral wall.

If comprised in this way, since the water will be heated by the water absorption material layer in the state where the sunlight was sucked up to the upper part of the peripheral wall of the heating vessel or the top wall where the sunlight is particularly likely to concentrate, the conversion efficiency into water vapor is improved.
The water-absorbing material layer is preferably formed of paper, cloth, foam, or nonwoven fabric because it is relatively inexpensive and exhibits good capillary action.

  In the water purification apparatus according to the invention, the heating container preferably has a water inlet on the peripheral wall or the bottom wall.

By providing the injection port, it becomes easy to replenish water as soon as the water level in the heating container drops due to the generation of water vapor.
If the inlet is provided on the top wall where sunlight is likely to concentrate, the water heated up to the top wall by the water-absorbing material layer and heated just before the generation of water vapor is cooled by the water added from the inlet, and the water vapor However, such a situation can be prevented by providing the injection port on the peripheral wall or the bottom wall.

  In the water purification apparatus according to the invention, the light collecting mechanism is configured by arranging a plurality of reflection panels in a concave shape as a whole, and the heating container is surrounded by the concave light collecting mechanism. It is preferable that it is installed.

In this way, when the condensing mechanism is composed of a plurality of reflecting panels, unlike the case where the condensing mechanism is a parabolic type, the condensing region does not excessively concentrate on one focal point and has a certain extent. Since it becomes an area | region, it is easy to align a heating container with a condensing area | region.
Furthermore, since the heating container is entirely heated by the heating region having the spread, the heating efficiency is good as compared with the case where the heating container is locally heated.

  In the water purification apparatus according to the invention, the condensing mechanism is composed of a single plate-like body in which the plurality of reflection panels are connected to each other, and the plate-like body is bent at the connection portion of the reflection panels to superimpose. It is preferable that the structure is assembled in a concave shape by stopping.

  If comprised in this way, an assembly and expansion | deployment of a condensing mechanism will be easy, and conveyance and installation of a purified water manufacturing apparatus will also become easy.

In the water purification apparatus according to the invention, the cooling mechanism can be a cooling fin installed around the pipe outside the heating container.
Or it can be set as the cooling tank in which water is accommodated which is installed so that the said pipe may be enclosed outside the said heating container, and is connected with the said heating container and can supply water to the said heating container.

If comprised in this way, it is simple as a structure of a cooling mechanism, and installation is also easy.
In particular, when a cooling tank is employed as a cooling mechanism, water before purification can be used for cooling purified water, and the water supplied to the heating container by heat exchange with steam is heated to a certain degree in advance. Therefore, the generation efficiency of water vapor is good.

  In addition, when the cooling mechanism includes a cooling tank, the storage tank and the cooling tank are connected, and a supply pipe capable of supplying water from the storage tank to the cooling tank is further provided, and the cooling tank is the heating container The water is stored in a fully filled state located below, and by the siphon action of the supply pipe, the water pressure of the storage tank and the water pressure of the heating container are balanced through the cooling tank, It is preferable that the water level of the heating container is kept at the same level as the storage tank.

With this configuration, as water vapor is generated from the water in the heating container, water is replenished from the storage tank to the heating container at any time, and the water level is automatically maintained. Eliminates the effort of adjusting the water level.
Moreover, purified water can be continuously produced by storing a large amount of water in a large storage tank.

  The water purification apparatus according to the invention preferably further includes a filtration mechanism capable of filtering the water supplied to the storage tank.

  By configuring in this way and filtering the water prior to purification by solar heat, large dust contained in the water is removed, so that such dust may clog the path of the purified water production apparatus. This prevents the production of purified water from being hindered.

  The water purification apparatus according to the invention further includes a cap that covers one end of the distillation pipe in the heating container, and the cap forms a labyrinth passage from the opening to the opening of the one end of the distillation pipe. The structure which has a several baffle plate arrange | positioned in this inside is employable.

  When configured in this way, even in the case where water vapor is condensed and falls to the water surface in the heating container, and the water is scattered around, the scattered water is blocked by the labyrinth passage in the cap, It does not enter the inside of the distillation pipe. For this reason, it is prevented that purified water is contaminated with the water before purification.

  In the water purification apparatus according to the invention, it is preferable to adopt a configuration in which the outer surface of the heating container is colored black.

If comprised in this way, since it will become easy to absorb the heat | fever of the sunlight which the heating container condensed, the heating efficiency of the water in a heating container and the generation efficiency of water vapor | steam can be improved.
In addition, it is preferable to adopt a configuration in which the inner surface of the heating container is similarly colored in black.
If comprised in this way, since the amount of heat radiation from the heated container wall surface to the inside of a container will increase, the efficiency of the water heating in a heating container and the generation efficiency of water vapor | steam can be improved.

  In the water purification apparatus according to the invention, a configuration further including a windshield cover that covers the heating container can be employed.

  If comprised in this way, when using a water-purifying manufacturing apparatus outdoors, a heating container will be cooled by the outdoor wind, and it will prevent that a heating effect reduces.

  Moreover, in order to solve an above-described subject, the process of making the water purification manufacturing method concerning invention condense toward a predetermined condensing area | region by reflecting sunlight, and a predetermined thing to a heating container in the said condensing area | region Installing the water stored up to the water level and heating it with the heat of the concentrated sunlight to generate water vapor; and collecting the water vapor above the predetermined water level in the heating vessel The method includes a step of flowing through the distillation mechanism and a step of cooling the water vapor flowing through the distillation mechanism and collecting the condensed water droplets to obtain purified water.

  By constructing the water purification production method as described above, it becomes possible to purify water easily and inexpensively as compared with the case where conventional large-scale equipment is required.

  In the method for producing purified water according to the invention, the step of generating the water vapor includes sucking water upward from the water level by a capillary phenomenon in a water absorbing material layer installed on the inner surface of the heating vessel, and sucking up the water. It is preferable to carry out by heating the material layer with the heat of the concentrated sunlight.

  If comprised in this way, since water will be heated by the water absorption material layer in the state attracted | sucked to the ceiling wall of the heating container where sunlight concentrates easily, the conversion efficiency to water vapor | steam will improve.

  By constructing the present invention as described above, it has become possible to purify water using solar energy simply and inexpensively without requiring large facilities.

Longitudinal sectional view of the water purification apparatus of the first embodiment Perspective view of condensing mechanism Assembly process diagram of condensing mechanism Assembly process diagram of condensing mechanism Schematic of the process of adjusting the aperture of the condensing mechanism The principal part expansion longitudinal cross-sectional view of the water purification apparatus of 1st Embodiment The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the other example of the purified water manufacturing apparatus of 1st Embodiment. Longitudinal sectional view of the water purification apparatus of the second embodiment The graph which shows the collection amount of the purified water regarding Example 1 and Example 2 The graph which shows the water temperature change in the heating container regarding Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 The graph which shows the water temperature change in the heating container regarding Example 3.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
The water purification production apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 includes a light collecting mechanism 10, a heating container 20, a water absorbing material layer 30, a distillation pipe 40, a cooling mechanism 50, and a water purification tank 60. It is possible to obtain purified water simply and inexpensively from water using only sunlight.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the light collecting mechanism 10 in the water purification production apparatus 1 includes a plurality of reflection panels 11 to 16. The condensing mechanism 10 is formed by arranging the assembly of the reflective panels 11 to 16 so as to surround the heating container 20 and to form a concave surface as a whole. The concave surface of the light condensing mechanism 10 opens upward and extends toward the opening.

The sunlight is reflected by a plurality of reflection panels 11 to 16 so as to be condensed in a condensing region having a certain spread. The condensing region is located at a substantially central portion of the space surrounded by the concave surface, and the heating container 20 is installed here as described later. The broken lines in FIG. 1 schematically show how sunlight gathers in the light collection region by reflection.
The material of the reflective panels 11 to 16 is not particularly limited as long as the reflectance is good, but as a lightweight and easy to carry, aluminum-deposited film or aluminum foil on one side of a main body made of foamed resin or plastic cardboard Can be exemplified. Examples of the foamed resin include polypropylene (PP) foamed resin, and examples of the film include a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film.
The light collecting mechanism 10 is placed on the top plate of the support base S.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the light collecting mechanism 10 is assembled from a substantially square plate-like body 10 ′ in which a plurality of reflecting panels 11 to 16 are connected.
As shown in FIG. 3A, the plate-like body 10 'includes a bottom panel 11, a front panel 12 connected to the front end of the bottom panel 11, a tail panel 13 connected to the rear end of the bottom panel 11, and a front panel. An outer side panel 14 connected to the left and right sides of the panel 12, an inner side panel 15 connected to the left and right sides of the bottom panel 11, and a back panel 16 connected to the rear end of the inner side panel 15. .
As shown by the bold lines in the figure, in the plate-like body 10 ′, the outer side panel 14 and the inner side panel 15, and the back panel 16 and the tail panel 13 are separated by slits.
The bottom panel 11 is provided with an attachment hole 11a.

As an assembling procedure, first, as shown in FIGS. 3A to 3B, the tail panel 13 is bent at the boundary with the bottom panel 11 to stand substantially vertically.
Next, as shown in FIGS. 3B to 4A, the left and right inner side panels 15 are bent at the boundary with the bottom panel 11 to stand up diagonally, and the left and right back panels 16 are turned to the inner side panels. 15 are folded inward at the boundary with 15 and overlapped. And the latching | locking part 16a which consists of the snap button each provided in the corner | angular part of the right and left back panels 16 is mutually fitted, and the back panels 16 are latched. At this time, the tail panel 13 is located inside the back panel 16.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 4A to 4B, the front panel 12 is bent at the boundary with the bottom panel 11 to stand up diagonally, and the left and right outer side panels 14 are bent at the boundary with the front panel 12. And overlap the outside of the inner side panel 15.
And the latching | locking part 14a of the outer side panel 14 which consists of a snap button, respectively, and the latching | locking part 15a of the inner side panel 15 are fitted, and the outer side panel 14 and the inner side panel 15 are latched.
Thus, the concave condensing mechanism 10 is completed.

  The snap buttons forming the locking portion 14a of the outer side panel 14 are arranged in two rows, and either one of them forms the locking portion 15a of the inner side panel 15 as shown by a solid line and a broken line in FIG. By fitting with the snap button, the opening angle of the concave surface of the light collecting mechanism 10 (rise angle of the front panel 12 or the like) can be adjusted in two stages.

As shown in FIG. 1, the heating container 20 is installed on the bottom panel 11 so as to substantially coincide with the light collection region of the light collection mechanism 10.
The cylindrical heating container 20 has a bottom wall 21, a peripheral wall 22, and a top wall 23, and is stored therein so that the water W1 has a predetermined water level.
In the lower part of the peripheral wall 22, an inlet 22 a is provided, from which water can be supplied into the heating container 20. The injection port 22a is closed by inserting a stopper or the like except when supplying water.
Here, it is assumed that the heating container 20 has a substantially sealed structure so that water vapor generated from the water W1 does not leak to the outside.
Although the material of a heating container is not specifically limited, Aluminum, stainless steel, heat resistant resin, etc. can be illustrated. The outer surface of the heating container 20 is colored black by applying a known black paint. Thereby, the absorption efficiency of the solar heat of the heating container 20 is increasing.

As shown in FIG. 1, a heat insulating plate 24 is sandwiched between the bottom wall 21 of the heating container 20 and the bottom panel 11 of the light collecting mechanism 10.
Thereby, the solar heat absorbed in the heating container 20 is not dissipated outside through the light collecting mechanism 10. The material of the heat insulating plate 24 is not particularly limited as long as the heat insulating property is good, but examples thereof include closed cell foamed resin and nonwoven fabric.
A mounting hole 25 is provided in the bottom wall 21 and the heat insulating plate 24 of the heating container 20 so as to coincide with the mounting hole 11 a of the light collecting mechanism 10.
The heating container 20 may be provided with a thermometer so that the temperature of the stored water can be measured at any time.

As shown in FIG. 1, the water absorbing material layer 30 is laminated on the inner surface from the peripheral wall 22 to the top wall 23 of the heating container 20 by an appropriate means such as sticking. The lower end portion of the water absorbing material layer 30 is located below the water level of the water stored in the heating container 20. Therefore, the lower end portion of the water absorbing material layer 30 is constantly immersed in the water W1.
The water-absorbing material layer 30 can suck up the water W1 above the water level by capillary action. The type of the water-absorbing material layer 30 is not particularly limited as long as the water-absorbing property is good. Examples of the artificial material include paper, open-cell foam, nonwoven fabric, and woven fabric, and examples of natural products include sponge. The material is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include synthetic resin, synthetic fiber, ceramic fiber, activated carbon, and paper. Further, the water absorbing material layer 30 does not need to be a separate body from the heating container 20, and the water absorbing material layer 30 may be formed by forming a fine slit so as to connect from the peripheral wall 22 to the top wall 23 of the inner surface of the heating container 20. . Even in such an embodiment, a capillary phenomenon occurs and the water W1 can be sucked upward from the water level.

As shown in FIG. 1, the distillation pipe 40 as a pipe-shaped distillation mechanism is inserted through the attachment hole 25 of the heating container 20 and the attachment hole 11 a of the light collecting mechanism 10, and the upper end portion 41 that opens is inside the heating container 20. Above the water level, the open lower end portion 42 is positioned below the top plate of the support base S outside the heating container 20.
The upper end 41 of the distillation pipe 40 is in a state close to the top wall 23 of the heating container 20 and is sufficiently away from the water surface.
A sleeve-like seal member 43 is interposed between the distillation pipe 40 and the attachment holes 11a and 25. Thereby, the water in the heating container 20 is prevented from leaking from the gap between the distillation pipe 40 and the attachment holes 11a and 25.
Although the material of the distillation pipe 40 is not specifically limited, It can be illustrated that it is the same material as the heating container 20.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 6, the upper end 41 of the distillation pipe 40 is covered with a cap 44. The substantially cylindrical cap 44 has a peripheral wall 44a and a top wall 44b, and its bottom surface is open.
A plurality of baffle plates 44 c are attached in a zigzag manner on the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall 44 a and the outer peripheral surface of the portion where the cap 44 of the distillation pipe 40 is covered, and the upper end portion 41 of the distillation pipe 40 extends from the bottom surface of the cap 44. A labyrinth passage is formed at the end.

As shown in FIG. 1, the cooling mechanism 50 is installed so as to surround the outer periphery of the distillation pipe 40 below the top plate of the support base S and above the lower end portion 42 of the distillation pipe 40.
The cooling mechanism 50 includes a plurality of fins 51, and each fin 51 is attached to the distillation pipe 40 by appropriate means such as welding. Although the material of the fin 51 is not specifically limited, It can illustrate that it is a metal with large heat conductivity, such as copper and aluminum.

As shown in FIG. 1, a water purification tank 60 as a tank-shaped water purification storage mechanism has a bottom wall 61, a peripheral wall 62, and a ceiling wall 63, and the ceiling wall 63 is provided with an opening 63 a. The lower end 42 of the distillation pipe 40 is inserted from the opening 63a.
The size of the opening 63a is such that the gap with the distillation pipe 40 is too large so that dust or the like does not enter from the outside air, and the gap with the distillation pipe 40 is too small to be sealed by inserting the pipe so that the internal pressure is reduced. It is assumed that it is set appropriately so as not to rise.
The material of the water purification tank 60 is not particularly limited, but it can be exemplified that it is made of synthetic resin.
In the purified water tank 60, purified water W2 is stored.

  The structure of the purified water manufacturing apparatus 1 of 1st Embodiment is as above, and the purified water manufacturing method of embodiment using this purified water manufacturing apparatus 1 is demonstrated next.

Now, the water purification apparatus 1 is installed outdoors in a sunny place, and water is stored in the heating container 20 to a predetermined water level through the inlet 22a. Each reflective panel 11-16 of the condensing mechanism 10 reflects sunlight, and condenses it toward the condensing area | region which is the installation location of the heating container 20. FIG.
The water W1 in the heating container 20 is heated by the heat of the condensed sunlight, and water vapor is generated. Organic and inorganic dissolved and floating components contained in water are removed by becoming water vapor.

Here, the heating container 20 has a particularly high degree of heating because the sunlight from the upper part of the peripheral wall 22 to the top wall 23 is likely to be directly irradiated in addition to the reflected light.
Therefore, by sucking up the water W1 from the peripheral wall 22 on the water surface to the top wall 23 by the water absorbing material layer 30, heat is efficiently transferred from the wall surface of the heating container 20 to the water W1, and water vapor is diffused from the water absorbing material layer 30. Is done. In this way, the generation efficiency of water vapor is improved.
Further, since heat is conducted from the upper part to the lower part of the peripheral wall 22, boiling occurs also in the vicinity of the peripheral wall 22 on the water surface of the water W1, and water vapor is also generated from the water surface. In addition, the situation of the generation | occurrence | production of the water vapor | steam from a water surface does not differ even when the heating container 20 is not equipped with the water absorbing material layer 30.
By the way, the thermal energy radiated from the sun is 1370 W / m ² in the earth orbit, and the average in Japan on a clear day is 600 W / m ² . The heat energy collected by the light collecting mechanism with an area of 1 m ² can convert water having a latent heat of vaporization of 540 Kcal / Kg into about 1 Kg of water vapor per hour.

Water vapor generated in the heating container 20 enters through the opening at the upper end of the distillation pipe 40. Since the volume is increased by the phase change from liquid water to gaseous water vapor, an internal pressure is generated in the heating container 20, and a flow of water vapor from the upper end portion to the lower end portion of the distillation pipe 40 is generated.
Here, water drops of the water W1 may fall from the water absorbing material layer 30, but the water drops are blocked by the top wall 44b of the cap 44 so as not to enter directly from the upper end portion 41 of the distillation pipe 40. Yes. Further, the water droplets scattered by the water droplets of the water W <b> 1 colliding with the water surface are blocked by the labyrinth passage in the cap 44 and do not enter the upper end portion 41 of the distillation pipe 40.

The water vapor flowing through the inside of the distillation pipe 40 toward the lower end is cooled by the heat radiation effect of the fins 51 of the cooling mechanism 50 in the middle thereof. This aggregates into water droplets.
The water droplet flows toward the lower end portion 42 of the distillation pipe 40 due to its own weight and the pressure of water vapor, and falls from the lower end portion 42 to the water purification tank 60. Thus, the purified water W2 is stored in the purified water tank 60.
When the water level of the water W1 in the heating container 20 is lowered, water is appropriately replenished through the inlet 22a. Since the inlet 22a is provided in the lower part of the surrounding wall 22, when the water is added, the situation where the heated water contained in the water-absorbing material layer 30 is cooled until just before the water vapor is generated is prevented. .

The water purification production apparatus 1 of the first embodiment can be provided with a transparent windshield cover 90 as shown in FIG. The cylindrical windshield cover 90 has a top wall 91 and a peripheral wall 92 and has a size larger than that of the heating container 20, so that the heating container 20 is accommodated in the inner space thereof. 11 is installed.
An air layer is formed between the top wall 91 of the windshield cover 90 and the top wall 23 of the heating container 20 and between the peripheral wall 92 of the windshield cover 90 and the peripheral wall 22 of the heating container 20.
As illustrated, since the lower edge portion of the peripheral wall 92 of the windshield cover 90 is in contact with the heat insulating plate 24, the windshield cover 90 and the bottom panel 11 are not in contact with each other.
When the water purification apparatus 1 is used outdoors, the heating container 20 is covered with the windshield cover 90 in this manner, so that the outdoor wind blows directly on the heating container 20 and the heating container 20 is cooled. Is prevented. In addition, even when the outdoor temperature is low, the heating container 20 is suppressed from being cooled by the heat insulating effect of the air layer between the windshield cover 90 and the heating container 20.
The windshield cover 90 preferably has little absorption and reflection of sunlight, and the material is preferably glass or plastic. For example, an inverted glass beaker can be used as the windshield cover 90.

In FIG. 8, the purified water manufacturing apparatus 2 of 2nd Embodiment is shown. The description of the same configuration as in the first embodiment is omitted.
This embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the cooling mechanism 50 is a cooling tank 52 and a storage tank 70 and a filtration mechanism 80 are provided.

As shown in FIG. 8, the cooling tank 52 as the cooling mechanism 50 is installed outside the heating vessel 20 so as to surround the distillation pipe 40, and the water W1 is stored in a full state.
The cooling tank 52 and the heating container 20 positioned immediately above the cooling tank 52 are connected by a connecting pipe 52a, and the water W1 in the cooling tank 52 can flow into the heating container 20. The connection pipe 52a is connected to the bottom wall 21 of the heating container 20, and this is an inlet for water.

The cooling tank 52 is supplied with water W1 from a storage tank 70 through a supply pipe 71 which is a thin tube. The large storage tank 70 stores water W1 at a constant water level.
A valve 72 for adjusting the storage amount and supply amount of the water W1 is attached to the bottom of the storage tank 70 and the supply pipe 71.
The storage tank 70 also serves as a simple sedimentation tank. A sediment 73 is deposited at the bottom, and so-called supernatant water at the top of the storage tank 70 is supplied to the cooling tank 52 and the heating container 20 through the supply pipe 71. It comes to be supplied.
A water level adjusting port 74 is provided at a predetermined height on the peripheral surface of the storage tank 70. Even if water is excessively supplied to the storage tank 70, the water in the storage tank 70 is discharged from the water level adjustment port 74. Therefore, the predetermined height at which the water level adjustment port 74 is provided is reduced. The water level will be adjusted as the critical water level. In addition, as shown by the chain line in FIG. 7, the height at which the water level adjusting port 74 is provided is set lower than the upper end portion 41 of the distillation pipe 40.

Here, since the cooling tank 52 is full of water, the siphon action of the supply pipe 71 causes a balance between the water pressure based on the water level of the storage tank 70 and the water pressure based on the water level of the heating container 20, and the water level of the heating container 20 is The same water level as that of the storage tank 70 is maintained. Here, since the limit water level of the storage tank 70 is set lower than the upper end portion 41 of the distillation pipe 40 by the water level adjusting port 74 as described above, the water level of the water W1 in the heating container 20 is the distillation pipe 40. It is prevented from flowing directly into the distillation pipe 40 beyond the upper end portion 41.
Therefore, when the water W1 becomes water vapor in the heating container 20, the water W1 is replenished from the storage tank 70 through the supply pipe 71 and the cooling tank 52 correspondingly. For this reason, the water level in the heating container 20 does not drop rapidly.
Since the water in the cooling tank 52 exchanges heat with the water vapor in the distillation pipe 40 and then flows into the heating container 20, the water in the heating container 20 is in a state heated to a certain degree in advance. Therefore, the generation efficiency of water vapor is increasing.

The storage tank 70 is supplied with water W <b> 1 from which dust and the like have been removed in advance through a filtration mechanism 80.
The filtration mechanism 80 is filled with a filter medium 81 in which fine gravel layers and activated carbon layers are alternately stacked. The layer thickness of the filter medium 81 is appropriately adjusted according to the water contamination status.
For this reason, the situation where dust etc. are clogged with supply pipe 71, connecting pipe 52a, etc. is prevented.
In addition, the windshield cover 90 like FIG. 7 can be provided also in the water purification manufacturing apparatus 2 of 2nd Embodiment.

  Examples of the present invention and comparative examples are given below to further clarify the content of the present invention.

A water purification apparatus having the same structure as that shown in FIG. 1 was installed in the room, and a lamp heater was installed above the condensing mechanism as a substitute for solar heat to produce a test apparatus.
As a lamp heater, three 500 W infrared lamps manufactured by Dainichi Bulb Co., Ltd. were mounted at the same height at a position 38 cm from the upper surface of the heating container.
As the light collecting mechanism, a flat plate combination type laminated with a porous material and an aluminum wheel foil was used. The area of the opening was about 0.38 m ² .
As a heating container, apply a commercially available black oil paint on the outside and inside of a commercially available aluminum, 1.5 liter round shaped container (with a lid) and seal it so that vapor does not leak from the lid. Using. This container was charged with 500 g of tap water.
As the water-absorbing material layer, a qualitative filter paper having a thickness of 0.18 mm was used. After the filter paper was absorbed, it was attached to the inner surface of the peripheral wall and the top wall of the heating container, and further fixed using a wire mesh.
As the distillation pipe, an aluminum pipe having an outer diameter of 25 mm and a wall thickness of 1 mm was used.
As the cooling mechanism, an aluminum plate having 20 fins (150 mm square, thickness 0.5 mm) fixed to the periphery of the distillation pipe with a heat conductive adhesive so as to be 1 cm apart was used.
A 300 cc glass beaker was used as the water purification tank.

As Example 1, the above test apparatus was used as it was.
As Example 2, the water absorbing material layer was removed from the inner surface of the heating container of the test apparatus.
As Example 3, a water absorbing material layer was removed from the inner surface of the heating container of the above test apparatus, and a windshield cover was put on the heating container as shown in FIG. As the windshield cover, an inverted 5 liter glass beaker was used.
As Comparative Example 1, the water absorbing material layer was removed from the inner surface of the heating container of the test apparatus, and the light collecting mechanism was removed.

For the test devices of Example 1 and Example 2, the lamp heater was turned on and the amount of purified water accumulated in the purified water tank was measured over time.
The measurement time was 60 minutes and 120 minutes after the time when the water droplets began to fall into the water purification tank.
The results are shown in the following Table 1 and FIG. From Table 1 and FIG. 9, it is confirmed that the tap water in the heating vessel boils and becomes water vapor, flows out of the heating vessel through the distillation pipe, becomes water droplets by the cooling mechanism, falls into the water purification tank, and purified water is produced. It was.
Moreover, when it has a water-absorbing material layer like Example 1, the tap water sucked up by the capillary phenomenon will immediately evaporate on the top surface of the heating container that becomes high temperature, and thus the purified water can be collected more efficiently. I understood that I could do it.

Next, for the test devices of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, the lamp heater was turned on, and the water temperature in the heating vessel was measured over time. The results are shown in FIG.
In Comparative Example 1 having no condensing mechanism, the increase in water temperature almost stopped at a temperature less than 60 ° C., and no water droplets flowed out from the distillation pipe, whereas in Example 1, the water temperature was The temperature rose to 100 ° C., and water droplets outflowed from the distillation pipe. For this reason, it was confirmed that the condensing mechanism works effectively.

Furthermore, the test apparatus of Example 3 was installed outdoors, and the heating container was heated using sunlight instead of a lamp heater, and the amount of purified water accumulated in the water purification tank and the water temperature in the heating container were measured over time. .
The results are shown in Table 2 and FIG.
From Table 2 and FIG. 11, in Example 3, it was confirmed that there was an increase in the amount of collected clean water and the water temperature, which was the same as in Example 1 using a lamp heater indoors despite the outdoors. In addition, after installing the test apparatus of Example 3 outdoors and 60 minutes passed, since the clouds increased and the solar heat weakened, the collection of purified water in 120 minutes was not performed.

  The embodiments disclosed herein are illustrative and non-restrictive in every respect. The scope of the present invention is defined by the terms of the claims, and includes all modifications and variations that fall within the scope of the claims and equivalents thereto.

  In the embodiment, an assembly of the reflection panels 11 to 16 is given as an example of the light collecting mechanism 10, but the light collecting mechanism is not limited to this. A well-known condensing mechanism such as a parabola shape, a Fresnel lens shape, a convex lens shape, a reflecting flat plate, and a combination thereof can be used. Further, the material of the light collecting mechanism is not limited to the embodiment, and the reflection panel body may be made of paper such as cardboard, and a metal thin film other than aluminum such as silver may be laminated thereon. When the condensing mechanism is a lens shape, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or polycarbonate (PC) can be molded.

In the embodiment, the heating container 20 has a cylindrical shape, but the shape of the heating container is not limited to this, and may be a rectangular tube shape or a spherical shape.
In the embodiment, the water absorbing material layer 30 is laminated only from the peripheral wall 22 to the top wall 23 of the heating container 20, but may be laminated on the entire inner surface of the heating container 20. Moreover, you may laminate | stack only on the inner surface of the surrounding wall 22 so that the water level (water surface) of the water W1 in the heating container 20 may be straddled up and down. Further, the water absorbing material layer 30 can be omitted.

  In the embodiment, the pipe-shaped distillation pipe 40 is employed as the distillation mechanism, but is limited to this as long as purified water (distilled water) can be obtained by collecting and circulating water vapor in the heating vessel. Not. In the embodiment, the distillation pipe 40 is arranged in the vertical direction. However, as long as one end is located above the water level in the heating container and the other end is located outside the heating container, the distillation pipe 40 is distilled. The arrangement direction of the pipe is not limited to this. The shape of the distillation pipe is not limited to a straight shape, and may be bent in the middle.

In the embodiment, the cooling mechanism is a fin as an example of an air cooling type and a cooling tank as an example of a water cooling type, but the cooling mechanism is not limited to this. Moreover, a fin and a cooling tank can also be combined. Further, when purified water (distilled water) can be obtained without a separate cooling mechanism, it is not necessary to combine a separate cooling mechanism. For example, when a distillation pipe is used as the distillation mechanism, when the distillation pipe located outside the heating vessel is originally at a low temperature due to factors such as a low temperature around the distillation pipe located outside the heating vessel, a separate Even without a cooling mechanism, distilled water can be obtained naturally at the other end of the distillation mechanism. In this case, it can be said that the distillation mechanism itself also has a cooling mechanism. Therefore, the present invention includes such a case.
The shape and the like of the water purification tank 60 are not limited to the embodiment, and for example, a valve for adjusting the internal pressure can be attached.
In addition, the water to be purified (distilled) in the present invention is not limited to natural water such as rivers, and the present invention includes used domestic water for reuse and tap water not suitable for drinking. Any water that can be used as drinking water or domestic water by purifying water is included.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Water purification manufacturing apparatus of 1st Embodiment 2 Water purification manufacturing apparatus of 2nd Embodiment 10 Condensing mechanism 10 'Plate-like body 11 Bottom panel 11a Mounting hole 12 Front panel 13 Tail panel 14 Outer side panel 14a Locking part 15 Inner side Panel 15a Locking part 16 Back panel 16a Locking part 20 Heating vessel 21 Bottom wall 22 Peripheral wall 22a Inlet 23 Top wall 24 Heat insulating plate 25 Mounting hole 30 Water absorbing material layer 40 Distillation pipe 41 Upper end part 42 Lower end part 43 Seal member 44 Cap 44a peripheral wall 44b top wall 44c baffle plate 50 cooling mechanism 51 fin 52 cooling tank 52a connection pipe 60 water purification tank 61 bottom wall 62 peripheral wall 63 top wall 63a opening 70 storage tank 71 supply pipe 72 valve 73 sediment 74 water level adjusting port 80 filtration mechanism 81 Filter media 90 Windshield cover 1 top wall 92 wall S support base W1 Water W2 purified water

Claims (15)

A condensing mechanism capable of condensing toward a predetermined condensing region by reflecting sunlight;
A heating vessel installed in the condensing region and capable of storing water up to a predetermined water level;
One end is located above the water level in the heating container, the other end is located outside the heating container, and the water in the heating container is heated by the heat of sunlight condensed by the condensing mechanism. A distillation mechanism capable of circulating water vapor generated by
A cooling mechanism capable of cooling water vapor flowing in the distillation mechanism outside the heating vessel;
A purified water storage device comprising: a purified water storage mechanism capable of storing water droplets that are discharged from the other end of the distillation mechanism and aggregated from water vapor in the distillation mechanism by the cooling mechanism. The distillation mechanism is a pipe-like distillation pipe that passes through the wall surface of the heating vessel,
The said purified water storage mechanism is a purified water manufacturing apparatus of Claim 1 which is a purified water tank which has a bottom wall, a surrounding wall, and a top wall. The heating container has a bottom wall, a peripheral wall and a top wall,
The water-absorbing material layer that is installed only from the peripheral wall of the inner surface of the heating container or from the peripheral wall to the top wall and further sucks up the water in the heating container upward from the water level on the peripheral wall by capillary action. The purified water manufacturing apparatus of description.   The said water absorption material layer is a water purification manufacturing apparatus of Claim 3 currently formed with paper, cloth, a foam, or a nonwoven fabric.   The water purification apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the heating container has a water inlet on the bottom wall or the peripheral wall. The condensing mechanism is configured by arranging a plurality of reflecting panels in a concave shape as a whole,
The water purification apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the heating container is installed in the light collecting region so as to be surrounded by the concave light collecting mechanism.   The condensing mechanism is composed of a single plate-like body in which the plurality of reflective panels are connected to each other, and the plate-like body is assembled at a concave shape by folding and locking the plate-like body at the connecting portion of the reflective panel. The purified water manufacturing apparatus of Claim 6 to be used. The cooling mechanism is
The water purification apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which is a cooling fin installed around the pipe outside the heating container. The cooling mechanism is
Installed to surround the pipe outside the heating vessel,
It is connected to the heating container and can supply water to the heating container.
The water purification production apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which is a cooling tank in which water is stored. A storage tank in which water is stored;
The storage tank and the cooling tank are connected, further comprising a supply pipe capable of supplying water from the storage tank to the cooling tank,
The cooling tank is located below the heating container so that water is stored in a full state,
Due to the siphon action of the supply pipe, the water pressure of the storage tank and the water pressure of the heating container are balanced through the cooling tank, so that the water level of the heating container is maintained at the same water level as the storage tank. The water purification apparatus according to claim 9.   The water purification apparatus according to claim 10, further comprising a filtration mechanism capable of filtering water supplied to the storage tank. A cap that covers one end of the distillation pipe in the heating container;
The said cap has a some baffle plate arrange | positioned so that a labyrinth channel | path may be formed from the opening to the opening of the one end part of the said distillation pipe, The water purification manufacturing apparatus in any one of Claim 2 to 11 inside.   The water purification apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein at least one of an outer surface and an inner surface of the heating container is colored black. A step of condensing light toward a predetermined condensing region by reflecting sunlight;
In the condensing region, installing water stored up to a predetermined water level in a heating container, and heating the condensed sunlight to generate water vapor; and
Collecting the water vapor in the heating vessel above the predetermined water level and distributing it to a distillation mechanism;
Cooling the water vapor flowing through the distillation mechanism and collecting the aggregated water droplets to obtain purified water. The step of generating the water vapor includes
By sucking water upward from the water level by capillary action on the water absorbing material layer installed on the inner surface of the heating container, and heating the water absorbing material layer that has sucked up the water by the heat of the concentrated sunlight The purified water manufacturing method of Claim 14 performed.

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