JP2019162051A - Insect collection device and insect collection method - Google Patents

Abstract

To increase a trapping rate of insects.SOLUTION: An insect collection device includes: one or more light emitting units 20 having a light-emitting surface 20a, and a non-light emitting surface 20b being a rear of the light-emitting surface 20a; and an enclosure part 10 having a cavity shape for holding the light emitting unit 20, and having at least a portion of a sidewall 11 as a ventilation area 12 where insects can pass. In the cavity of the enclosure part 10, each light emitting unit 20 is configured so that the light-emitting surface 20a may be arranged toward the sidewall 11, and arranged in a posture where a first distance between the light-emitting surface 20a and the sidewall 11 opposite to the light-emitting surface 20a may become longer than a second distance between the non-light emitting surface 20b and the sidewall 11 opposite to the non-light emitting surface 20b. As a result, a space apart from the light emitting unit 20 can be made an inner part of the sidewall 11, and thereby a trapping rate can be increased. Particularly, the distance between the light emitting unit 20 and the insect induced thereby is set longer more than before, and thereby the flying insects can be collected in the part that is conventionally the outside of the enclosure and cannot collect the insects.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for collecting insects such as beneficial insects and pests.

  Conventionally, agrochemicals (chemical pesticides), which are chemicals, have been sprayed in order to remove pests when growing crops. On the other hand, instead of spraying chemical pesticides, a method is also used in which natural enemy insects (beneficial insects) are introduced as pesticides against pests and the pests are exterminated. With this method, it is said that there is no problem of residual agricultural chemicals and the safety is high as compared with the method using chemical agricultural chemicals (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  As a method for collecting insects, a pest control apparatus has been developed that uses a phototactic property of a pest by emitting light having an effect of attracting the pest (Patent Document 2). As shown in FIG. 25, this pest control apparatus uses the first light source 214 and the second light source 216 to guide the pest G in the direction of the second light source 216 and arranges the electrodes 220 and 222 arranged in the guide direction. The pest G is killed by the discharge in the meantime. Ultraviolet LEDs are used for the first light source 214 and the second light source 216, and are mounted on the front side and the back side of the substrate 212, respectively. The energization controller 230 controls the energization of the first light source 214, the second light source 216, and the electrodes 220 and 222, and discharges when the pest G is induced, thereby realizing efficient pest control.

  However, in such a pest control device, a pest is once guided into the device and then killed. Actually, even if the light source emits light, it can be guided to the vicinity of the device, but the inside of the device is also reached. It turned out that certainty could not be obtained until attracted. In other words, no matter how many light sources are provided on the outer periphery of the device, it cannot be removed unless the pests can be attracted into the device, and the conventional configuration has low reliability until it attracts the pests into the device. There was a problem.

International Patent Publication WO2017 / 022333 JP 2014-050319 A

  The present invention has been made in view of such a conventional background, and one of its purposes is to collect insects with improved certainty of insect collection by enhancing the effect of attracting insects in the apparatus. The object is to provide an apparatus and a method for collecting insects.

  In order to achieve the above object, according to the insect collecting apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention, one or more light-emitting portions each having a light-emitting surface and a non-light-emitting surface that is the back surface of the light-emitting surface; An insect trapping device having a hollow shape to hold, and a housing portion that has at least a part of the side wall as a ventilation region through which insects can pass, wherein each light emitting portion is placed in the cavity of the housing portion, The light emitting surface is disposed toward the side wall, and the first distance between the light emitting surface and the side wall facing the light emitting surface is the first distance between the non-light emitting surface and the side wall facing the non light emitting surface. It can be placed in a posture that is longer than two distances. With the above configuration, the space away from the light emitting unit can be set inside the side wall, and the capture rate can be increased. In particular, by setting the distance between the light emitting part and the insect attracted by this longer than before, it also collects insects that flew to parts that were outside the housing and could not be collected. It becomes possible.

  Further, according to the insect trapping device according to the second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the above configuration, a plurality of the light emitting portions are provided, and the casing portion has an outer shape extended in one direction, In a plane orthogonal to the extending direction, the light emitting surface of each light emitting unit is arranged toward a different part of the side wall, and each light emitting surface is arranged in such a posture that straight lines facing the side walls intersect each other. Parts can be arranged.

  Furthermore, according to the insect trapping apparatus according to the third aspect of the present invention, in addition to any of the above-described configurations, the light emitting unit includes a first light emitting unit, a second light emitting unit, and a third light emitting unit. A first straight line in which the light emitting surface of the first light emitting unit is opposed to the side wall and a light emitting surface of the second light emitting unit is opposed to the side wall in a plane orthogonal to the extending direction of the housing unit. The first light emitting unit, the second light emitting unit, and the third light emitting unit so that two straight lines and a third straight line in which the light emitting surface of the third light emitting unit faces the side wall intersect each other at an angle of 120 °. And can be arranged.

  Furthermore, according to the insect trapping device according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, in addition to any of the above-described configurations, a plurality of light emitting elements are arranged in the light emitting portion along the extending direction of the housing portion. can do.

  Furthermore, according to the insect trapping device according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, in addition to any one of the above-described configurations, the casing portion has an outer shape extended in one direction, and air is blown to one end portion. And a collecting portion at the other end, and the insect attracted into the cavity of the casing portion can be configured to be swept away by the blowing portion to the collecting portion. .

  Furthermore, according to the insect trapping apparatus according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, in addition to any of the above-described structures, the trapping part is a space for trapping insects, and the trapping part includes a bug. In the collected state, a partition plate that separates from the cavity of the housing portion can be provided.

  Furthermore, according to the insect collecting apparatus according to the seventh aspect of the present invention, in addition to any one of the above-described structures, a second ventilation region is disposed on an end surface of the collecting unit, The roughness of the ventilation region can be configured such that a predetermined insect cannot pass through and a smaller insect can pass therethrough.

  Furthermore, according to the insect trapping apparatus according to the eighth aspect of the present invention, in addition to any of the above-described configurations, the trapping part is a space for exterminating pests and has a water storage part for storing liquid. be able to.

  Furthermore, according to the insect trapping device according to the ninth aspect of the present invention, in addition to any one of the above-described structures, the air blowing section causes the insects guided into the casing section to be a part of the casing section. A blower fan can be provided to force the direction to the collection unit. With the above-described configuration, the insects guided into the casing can be forcibly sent to the collection unit. Moreover, the effect which suppresses heat_generation | fever by cooling a light emission part by ventilation is also acquired.

  Furthermore, according to the insect trapping apparatus according to the tenth aspect of the present invention, in addition to any of the above-described structures, the insect to be collected can be a beneficial insect.

  Furthermore, according to the insect trapping apparatus according to the eleventh aspect of the present invention, in addition to any of the above-described configurations, a driving unit that drives the one or more light-emitting units can be provided.

  Furthermore, according to the insect trapping apparatus according to the twelfth aspect of the present invention, in addition to any of the above-described configurations, the light emitting unit can be a light emitting diode.

  Furthermore, according to the insect trapping apparatus according to the thirteenth aspect of the present invention, in addition to any of the above configurations, the light emitting section can be a blue light emitting diode or a purple light emitting diode.

  Furthermore, according to the insect trapping apparatus according to the fourteenth aspect of the present invention, in addition to any of the above-described configurations, the insect guided into the casing portion is further unidirectionally within the casing portion. A light emitting part for guidance for guiding to the light source can be provided.

  Furthermore, according to the insect collecting method according to the fifteenth aspect of the present invention, each of the one or more light emitting portions having a light emitting surface and a non-light emitting surface that is the back surface of the light emitting surface is provided on at least a part of the side wall. The light emitting surface is disposed toward the side wall in the cavity of the housing portion that is a ventilation region through which insects can pass, and the first distance between the light emitting surface and the side wall facing the light emitting surface is not A step of causing the one or more light-emitting portions to emit light in a state where the light-emitting surface and the non-light-emitting surface are arranged to be longer than a second distance between the opposing side walls, and attracting insects into the cavity of the housing portion And a step of performing. Thereby, the space away from the light emission part can be made into the inside of a side wall, and a capture rate can be raised.

It is an external appearance perspective view which shows the insect collection apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1. FIG. It is a vertical sectional view in the II-II line of the insect collecting apparatus of FIG. It is a horizontal sectional view in the III-III line of the insect collecting apparatus of FIG. It is a see-through | perspective perspective view which shows each light emission part of the insect collecting apparatus of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the collection part of the insect collection apparatus of FIG. It is a photograph which shows the state which turned on the insect trapping apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1. FIG. It is a horizontal sectional view showing an insect trapping apparatus according to Embodiment 2. It is a horizontal sectional view showing an insect trapping apparatus according to Embodiment 3. It is a horizontal sectional view showing an insect collecting apparatus according to a fourth embodiment. It is a horizontal sectional view showing an insect trapping apparatus according to a fifth embodiment. It is a schematic cross section which shows the collector used for the attraction test of the tobacco turtle. It is a graph which shows the attraction rate for every color of male tobacco turtles. It is a graph which shows the attraction rate for every color of a female tobacco turtle. It is a graph which shows the activity amount for every time of the male tobacco turtle under artificial light (16L8D). It is a graph which shows the activity amount for every time of the female tobacco turtle under artificial light (16L8D). It is a graph which shows the activity amount for every hour of male tobacco turtle under artificial light (12L12D). It is a graph which shows the activity amount for every hour of the female tobacco turtle under artificial light (12L12D). It is a graph which shows activity distribution of male tobacco turtles for each time zone under natural light. It is a graph which shows active mass distribution for every time slot | zone under natural light of the female tobacco turtle. It is a graph which shows the activity distribution under the natural light of a male tobacco turtle. It is a graph which shows the active mass distribution under natural light of the female tobacco turtle. It is a graph which shows the illumination intensity change for every time of FIG. 20 and FIG. It is a graph which shows the temperature change for every time of FIG. 20 and FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the lower part of the insect collecting apparatus which concerns on a modification. It is sectional drawing which shows the conventional pest control apparatus.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, the embodiment described below is an example for embodying the technical idea of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the following. Further, the present specification by no means specifies the members shown in the claims to the members of the embodiments. In particular, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the component parts described in the embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention only to specific examples unless otherwise specifically described. Only. Note that the size, positional relationship, and the like of the members shown in each drawing may be exaggerated for clarity of explanation. Furthermore, in the following description, the same name and symbol indicate the same or the same members, and detailed description thereof will be omitted as appropriate. Furthermore, each element constituting the present invention may be configured such that a plurality of elements are constituted by the same member and the plurality of elements are shared by one member, and conversely, the function of one member is constituted by a plurality of members. It can also be realized by sharing.
(Embodiment 1)

  An insect trapping apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention is shown in FIGS. In these drawings, FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of the insect collecting apparatus 100 according to Embodiment 1, FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a horizontal view taken along line III-III in FIG. FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the main part showing the collecting part 14 of the insect collecting apparatus 100 of FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing each light emitting part 20 of the insect collecting apparatus 100 of FIG. Each is shown. The insect collecting apparatus 100 shown in these drawings can be suitably used for collecting beneficial insects that are natural enemies of harmful insects, transferring them to a cultivation area and releasing them, and thus exterminating the harmful insects. Or it is good also as a use aspect which collects a pest directly. Here, as an example, a description will be given of an insect collecting apparatus 100 used for collecting tobacco insects that are beneficial insects. However, the present invention is not limited to the insect insects to be collected. Even applicable.

In this insect trapping apparatus 100, the casing 10 constituting the appearance is formed in a box shape, and the light emitting unit 20 is provided therein. Inside the housing unit 10, a light emitting unit 20, a blower unit 30, a collecting unit 14, a guiding light emitting unit 50, a sorting filter 18, and a partition plate 40 are provided. The light emitting unit 20 includes a drive unit 25 for driving the light emitting element 24.
(Case 10)

  The housing | casing part 10 is formed in the prismatic shape extended in the vertical direction. The inside is formed into a hollow cavity, and the ventilation region 12 is provided in the side wall 11 constituting the side surface, whereby the light from the light emitting unit 20 disposed inside can be taken out to the outside. Thus, by making a part of the side wall 11 into the ventilation | gas_flowing area | region 12, light can be emitted from the inside and the movement of the insect from the outside is also permitted.

  In the example of FIGS. 1 and 2, an opening window is formed on the side surface of the housing portion 10 as the ventilation region 12, and a mesh is provided in each opening window. As described above, a mesh is provided on a part of the side wall 11, and the entire side wall may have a mesh shape. Further, the shape is not limited to a mesh shape, and an infinite number of through holes such as punch holes can be opened, or a lattice pattern or a slit shape can be used.

  In addition, the opening of the ventilation region 12 is designed to have a size that can penetrate the insects to be collected. Specifically, it is designed according to the insects to be collected. For example, in the case of tobacco turtles, 0.6 mm to 4.0 mm, in the case of thrips and whiteflies, 0.4 mm to 4.0 mm, in the case of leafworms Is set to 0.8 mm to 4.0 mm or the like.

The casing 10 is made of a material having sufficient strength and durability, for example, a metal such as an aluminum plate. However, other materials such as resin may be used.
(Light Emitting Unit 20)

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the light emitting unit 20 is disposed inside the housing unit 10. Here, a plurality of rod-shaped light emitting portions 20 in which a plurality of light emitting elements 24 are arranged in a straight line are used. As shown in FIG. 3, each light emitting unit 20 has a light emitting surface 20a and a non-light emitting surface 20b which is the back surface of the light emitting surface 20a.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the light emitting unit 20 has a rod-like appearance, and includes a light emitting element 24, a driving unit 25 for driving the light emitting element 24, and a power supply unit 26 for supplying power. I have.

  The light source used in the light emitting unit 20 is not particularly limited as long as it can emit light having a wavelength that exhibits attractiveness to the insect to be collected, but is preferably a semiconductor light emitting element such as a light emitting diode (LED) or a semiconductor laser (LD). Is mentioned. In particular, the LED is small and light, has no ball breakage, is excellent in linearity, and is preferable as the light emitting element 24. Moreover, it is preferable to use blue LED or purple-ultraviolet LED. As the light emission wavelength of the LED, 370 nm to 530 nm or the like can be used. Here, a blue LED having a wavelength of 405 nm was used. Moreover, you may adjust the light emission wavelength and light emission color combining blue LED and wavelength conversion members, such as fluorescent substance. Furthermore, you may combine multiple types of LED as the light emission part 20. FIG. Furthermore, not only LEDs but also other light sources such as fluorescent lamps such as organic EL and CCFL, incandescent lamps, etc. may be used, or these may be combined.

  The drive unit 25 includes a drive circuit for transforming electric power from the power supply unit 26 and adjusting the amount of current. Moreover, you may add the automatic light extinction circuit which prescribes | regulates the lighting time of the light emission part 20 as needed. For example, a known method such as turning off the light after a predetermined time after turning on the light, turning on at a fixed time every day and turning off at a fixed time, or detecting the ambient light intensity and turning it on during the day or at night. A circuit for this purpose can be used as appropriate.

The power supply unit 26 can use a rechargeable battery such as a lithium ion secondary battery or a nickel metal hydride battery. Or when using a commercial power supply, it can also be set as a suitable power supply conversion circuit, such as converting the voltage of a commercial power supply into direct current | flow. In addition, the power supply unit 26 can share the lighting drive of the light emitting unit 20 and the rotational drive of a blower fan, which will be described later, or can centrally manage drive control.
(Blower 30)

In addition, the insect collecting device 100 is provided with the air blowing unit 30 on one end side in the extending direction in the housing unit 10 and the collecting unit 14 on the other end. With such a configuration, the insect attracted into the cavity of the housing unit 10 can be swept away toward the collecting unit 14 by the blower unit 30.
(Blower fan)

In the example of FIG. 1 etc., the ventilation fan is provided in the upper part of the housing | casing part 10 as one form of the ventilation part 30. FIG. The blower fan is a member for forcibly sending the insects induced in the housing unit 10 in one direction in the housing unit 10. The size and the number of rotations of the blower fan are selected according to the type of insects to be collected, the environment in which they are installed, and the like. Here, a large fan having a diameter of 120 mm and an air volume of 80 CFM was used.
(Air intake 13)

In addition, an air intake port 13 for taking in the air pushed out by the blower fan from the outside is opened at the upper part of the housing unit 10. The air intake 13 is also provided with an intrusion inhibiting mechanism that prevents intrusion of foreign substances such as a mesh as necessary. The invasion inhibiting mechanism may be the same size as the ventilation region 12, but preferably has a size that is narrower than the ventilation region 12 and that cannot pass through insects. As a result, it is possible to avoid a situation in which insects are caught in the blower fan and foreign matter adheres. In this example, a 7 mm size mesh is used for the invasion inhibition mechanism to prevent the invasion of large insects.
(Air outlet 16)

Further, an air discharge port 16 for discharging air sent from the blower fan from the housing unit 10 is formed on the lower surface side of the housing unit 10. The air vent 16 is provided with a second ventilation region 17 having a size that prevents the insects to be collected from passing through, thereby preventing the insects from escaping. The second ventilation region 17 is formed on the bottom surface side of the collection unit 14, and the roughness size is set such that insects to be collected cannot pass through and insects smaller than this can pass through. In other words, an insect having a size smaller than the insect to be collected can pass through the second ventilation region 17 and can be discharged to the outside from the air outlet 16.
(Rectifying unit 32)

Furthermore, inside the housing | casing part 10, the rectification | straightening part 32 for guiding ventilation is provided in the sending side of a ventilation fan. The rectifying unit 32 has a cylindrical shape that prevents unnecessary air diffusion and prevents insects collected in the housing unit 10 from reversing the air flow. Further, the air can be used as cooling air for cooling the light emitting unit 20 and the driving unit 25. In particular, when an LED is used as a light source or a transistor is used in a drive circuit, by blowing air to such a semiconductor element, the heat generated by these is exchanged by cooling air and air-cooled, thereby stabilizing the semiconductor element. Operation can be achieved.
(Check part 34)

In addition, it is preferable to provide a check portion 34 that prevents the insects collected inside the case from traveling in the direction opposite to the flow of air blown by the rectifying unit 32 inside the case portion 10. . The check part 34 is configured by an inclined surface having an opening wide on the windward side of the air blowing and a narrow trench on the leeward side. This makes it possible to rectify the air flow and prevent the insects from going backwards, thereby effectively guiding the insects to the collection unit 14.
(Collector 14)

On the other hand, the collection unit 14 is provided on the bottom side inside the housing unit 10. The collection unit 14 is a space for collecting insects. Further, the housing unit 10 can include a partition plate 40 for partitioning the space of the housing unit 10 in a state where beneficial insects are collected in the collecting unit 14. In this example, the space below the partition plate 40 partitioned by the partition plate 40 is used as the collection unit 14 in a state where the partition plate 40 is inserted into the housing unit 10.
(Partition plate 40)

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, etc., the partition plate 40 is formed in a planar shape that intersects with the extending direction of the housing 10. As shown in FIG. 5, the partition plate 40 can be inserted into the inside from the side surface of the housing unit 10. A slit-like opening for inserting the partition plate 40 is formed in an intermediate portion of the side surface of the housing unit 10. In this way, when collecting insects, the insects are guided into the housing without setting the partitioning plate 40, and when a certain amount of insects are collected, the partitioning plate 40 is inserted so that the insects are in the housing part 10. Prevents upward movement inside. A resin or metal plate material can be suitably used for such a partition plate 40. In addition, the size of the partition plate 40 is designed such that no gap is generated inside the housing unit 10 when the partition plate 40 is set in the housing unit 10.
(Guiding light emitting unit 50)

Further, the insect collecting device 100 can also be provided with a guiding light emitting unit 50 in order to collect the insects guided in the housing unit 10 on the collecting unit 14 side. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, the guiding light emitting unit 50 is provided on the bottom side of the housing unit 10 and emits light having a wavelength that attracts insects upward. Thereby, insects can be easily collected on the collection unit 14 side. As the light emitting unit 50 for guidance, the same semiconductor light emitting element as the light source of the light emitting unit 20 can be used. By emitting light having the same wavelength as that of the light emitting unit 20, it is possible to guide the same type of insect as the insect attracted by the light emitting unit 20 as it is. In addition, the driving circuit for the guiding light-emitting unit 50 may be provided separately from the driving circuit for the light-emitting unit 20 or provided separately.
(Separation filter 18)

  Furthermore, a separation filter 18 for separating the insects collected in the collection unit 14 by size can be provided in the housing unit 10. The collection unit 14 is further partitioned by a separation filter 18 to form a separation region 15. The separation filter 18 can use a mesh, a lattice, a slit, or the like designed to a size that does not allow the insects to be collected to pass through. The size of the sorting filter 18 is preferably the same as the size of the second ventilation region 17. In the example of FIG. 5, the separation filter 18 is provided in the vicinity of the bottom surface of the collecting unit 14 and on the front side of the guiding light emitting unit 50. With such an arrangement, among the insects guided downward from above by the blower fan, the guide light emitting unit 50, etc., the insects smaller than the insects to be collected are separated by the separation filter 18 as shown by thin arrows in FIG. Further, it can pass through and is discharged to the outside of the insect trap 100 through the air outlet 16. On the other hand, the insects to be collected cannot be passed through the sorting filter 18 and can be stopped at the collecting unit 14 as indicated by the thick arrows. In this way, unnecessary insects can be appropriately discharged in the collected state, and only necessary insects can be collected. Alternatively, when capturing pests, etc., a mesh bag or the like can be connected to the outlet side of the second ventilation region 17 below the guiding light-emitting portion 50 and collected. This makes it easy to take out the collected insects outside the insect collecting device.

In the above example, only one sorting filter 18 is provided, but the present invention does not limit the number of sorting filters to one, and a plurality of sorting filters 18 may be provided. In this case, a plurality of separation filters having different eye sizes are prepared. And it is preferable to comprise so that the magnitude | size of an eye may become small gradually toward the classification area | region 15 side from the collection part 14 side. The size of the eyes related to each classification filter is not particularly limited. For example, when the size of the first-stage classification filter is 0.6 mm, the size of the second-stage classification filter is 0.4 mm, The size of the third stage separation filter can be set to 0.2 mm.
(Killing function)

  In addition, when the insect to collect or the insect which permeate | transmitted the classification filter 18 is a pest, you may add the function which removes this to the insect collector 100. FIG. For example, a water storage part is provided in the collecting part so that the insect reaching the collecting part is impregnated, or an insecticide is applied to the collecting part, or an adhesive tape is disposed and adsorbed. Can be used as appropriate.

  Further, a mechanism for facilitating the separation of beneficial insects and harmful insects from a plurality of types of insects collected by the insect collecting device may be added. For example, a return part that inhibits retrograde insects is added. Such an example is shown in FIG. 24 as a modified example. Insect collecting apparatus 600 shown in this figure is provided with return portion 19 between collecting portion 14 and sorting filter 18 in housing portion 10. The return part 19 is disposed on the wall surface in the housing part 10 in an obliquely inclined state from the collection part 14 side toward the separation area 15 side. Therefore, the beneficial insects X and other insects Z that have once moved from the collection unit 14 side to the separation area 15 side beyond the return unit 19 may go back to the collection unit 14 side again by the return unit 19. It becomes difficult. In this example, only one return portion 19 is provided, but the return portions may be provided in multiple stages along the longitudinal direction of the housing portion.

  In addition, the light-emitting unit 50 for guidance may be a light source that emits light having a wavelength indicating the attractiveness to the beneficial insect X that is desired to be separated, instead of the same wavelength as the light source of the light-emitting unit 20.

  For example, when collecting insects from the insect pest Y and other insects Z as the beneficial insect X for the thrips (pest Y), by applying the insect collecting device 600 according to the modified example, Can be separated. This method will be described. First, a clover flower or the like collected in advance is put in a plastic bag, and the beetle X, the mosquito bug, is beaten together with thrips (pest Y) and other insects (Z). Then, a flower etc. are taken out from a plastic bag, and the insects containing the beneficial insect X are thrown into the housing | casing part 10 from the collection part 14 which concerns on the insect collection apparatus 600 which concerns on a modification.

  And in the housing | casing part 10, the light emission part 50 for a guidance provided in the position on the opposite side to the collection part 14 is lighted, and the light of the wavelength which shows the attracting property with respect to a timber beetle (bengal insect X) is irradiated. . Here, it is preferable that the peak wavelength which shows the attracting property with respect to the wireworm (beneficial insect X) is 450 nm to 550 nm.

  By turning on the guiding light emitting unit 50, the tiger beetle (beneficial insect X) is attracted by the light emitted from the guiding light emitting unit 50 and moves to the guiding light emitting unit 50 side. At this time, the thrips and other insects Z, which are pests Y, are attracted by the light from the guiding light-emitting unit 50 and move to the sorting area 15 side, in addition to the longhorn beetle.

  Then, the wireworm that has moved to the sorting area 15 side is sorted by the sorting filter 18 provided between the collection unit 14 and the sorting area 15 in the housing unit 10. The inside of the housing unit 10 is partitioned into a collection unit 14 and a separation region 15 by a separation filter 18. The separation filter 18 is formed with eyes having a size that allows either one of the beneficial insect X or the other insect Z including the harmful insect Y to pass therethrough but not the other. Therefore, the separation filter 18 is desired to collect the beneficial insect X to be collected. Can be collected in either the collection unit 14 or the separation area 15 and collected separately.

  For example, when the size of the eye of the separation filter 18 is 0.4 mm or less, the timber beetle (beneficial insect X) that cannot pass through the separation filter 18 is collected in the collection unit 14, and thrips (pest Y) are It passes through the sorting filter 18 and is collected in the sorting area 15. In other words, the beneficial filter X and the harmful insect Y can be separated by the separation filter 18, and the ground beetle collected in the collection unit 14 can be introduced into a cultivation facility such as bell pepper as a biological pesticide.

  In addition, the return part 19 is arrange | positioned in the housing | casing part 10 which concerns on the insect collecting apparatus 600 which concerns on a modification. Therefore, even if the wireworm (beneficial insect X) separated from the pest Y by the separation filter 18 tries to move again to the collection unit 14 side, its movement is suppressed by the return unit 19, so that the collection efficiency is improved. Improvements can be made.

  According to the insect collecting apparatus including the above configuration, the insects including the beneficial insects X (the pest Y and other insects Z) are attracted to the separation region 15 side by the light emitted from the guiding light emitting unit 50, while the separation filter 18. Thus, beneficial insects X and harmful insects Y can be separated according to the body length, and beneficial insects X can be easily separated and collected from harmful insects Y and other insects Z at low cost.

In particular, flowers such as clover that grow naturally in the agro-ecosystem are indigenous to the enemy, the mosquito bug (benthic insect X) and the micro-pest thrips (pest Y). By using the insect collecting device, it is possible to separate and collect only the terrestrial bug (beneficial insect X) from insects collected from clovers and the like. Therefore, it can be used to control the density of thrips of the pest Y at low cost by introducing it into cultivation facilities such as eggplant and bell pepper.
(Number of light emitting units 20)

  A plurality of light emitting units 20 can be provided. In this case, each light emitting unit 20 is disposed on a surface orthogonal to the extending direction of the housing unit 10 so that the light emitting surface 20 a faces a different part of the side wall 11. At this time, the plurality of light emitting units 20 are arranged so that the straight lines in which the respective light emitting surfaces 20 a face the side walls 11 intersect each other.

  As an example, the light emitting unit 20 illustrated in FIG. 3 includes a first light emitting unit 21, a second light emitting unit 22, and a third light emitting unit 23. The first light-emitting portion 21, the second light-emitting portion 22, and the third light-emitting portion 23 are first straight lines in which the light-emitting surface 20 a of the first light-emitting portion 21 faces the side wall 11 on the surface orthogonal to the extending direction of the housing 10. L1, the second straight line L2 where the light emitting surface 20a of the second light emitting unit 22 faces the side wall 11, and the third straight line L3 where the light emitting surface 20a of the third light emitting unit 23 faces the side wall 11 are 120 ° to each other. It is preferable to intersect at an angle. By arrange | positioning in this way, an attracting light can be discharge | released at equal intervals along the circumference | surroundings of the insect collection apparatus 100, and the collection effect can be exhibited equally around the insect collection apparatus 100. FIG.

In addition to this configuration, two light emitting units may be provided. Or as shown in FIG. 7, you may provide only one light emission part. However, in this case, since the insect attracting effect can be exhibited only from a specific surface of the insect trapping device, it is preferable to provide a plurality of light emitting units 20 along the periphery of the side wall 11 as shown in FIG. Three or more are provided so that the attracting light can be emitted in different directions.
(Arrangement of light emitting unit 20)

  Here, the arrangement pattern of the light emitting units 20 will be examined in detail. In order to improve the insect collection efficiency, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the light emitting unit 20 is disposed at a position retracted with respect to the light emission direction.

  In the conventional insect collecting apparatus, as shown in FIG. 25 etc., it has arrange | positioned so that a light emission part may be irradiated toward the exterior of a housing | casing part. In other words, it was not arranged to irradiate light toward the inside of the casing.

  On the other hand, in the insect trapping apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment, the light emitting unit 20 is arranged so as to illuminate the inside of the housing unit 10 contrary to such an arrangement. As a result, when the light emitting unit 20 is turned on, as shown in the photograph of FIG. 6, the inside of the housing unit 10 emits light, and the insect attracting effect is enhanced. In general, the illumination light is emitted so as to illuminate not the illumination device itself but its surroundings. In the present embodiment, conversely, as a result of arranging the light emitting unit 20 to illuminate the inner surface of the housing unit 10, It was found that the insect attracting effect can be greatly improved. The reason is presumed to be due to the edge effect that attracts insects. In other words, the insect does not fly toward the light source but has a property of flying toward the boundary between a bright place and a dark place (referred to as an edge effect). For this reason, even if light is radiated to the outside from the insect trapping device, the insect trapping device itself becomes a light source and does not go to the insect trapping device. Insects are more likely to gather at the border. In other words, there was a tendency for insects to easily gather at a position away from the light source, not the light source. In other words, even when the insect collecting device was arranged, the insects were flying near the insect collecting device and did not enter the insect collecting device.

  The present inventors have focused on this point and have sought a method for collecting insects that fly away from the light source and have come to achieve the present invention. In order to be able to collect insects even when the distance between the light source and the insects is large, the case of the insect trapping device is enlarged so that the part away from the light source is surrounded by the case It is possible to do. However, for this purpose, it is necessary to increase the diameter of the casing, and the enlargement of the casing is inevitable. Therefore, in order to increase the distance between the light source and the insect without changing the size of the housing, the light source side is arranged to be separated from the insect in the housing. In other words, the light source is disposed so as to recede with respect to the traveling direction of light within the housing.

  In a general insect collecting apparatus, a light source is disposed in the vicinity of the surface of the housing so as to efficiently emit light from the housing. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. The surface 20 a is disposed so as to be separated from the side wall 11 of the housing unit 10. Conversely, it can also be said that the non-light emitting surface 20 b which is the back side of the light emitting unit 20 is arranged so as to approach the side wall 11 of the housing unit 10. Alternatively, if the light emitting surface 20a of the light source is normally arranged facing outside, it can be considered that the light emitting surface 20b is intentionally arranged in the present embodiment.

  Specifically, when the light emitting unit 20 is arranged in the housing unit 10 with the light emitting surface 20a facing the side wall 11, the distance from the light emitting surface 20a to the side wall 11 (first distance D1 shown in FIG. 3) is The light emitting unit 20 is disposed at a position that is longer than the distance from the non-light emitting surface 20b to the side wall 11 (second distance D2). By doing so, the light emitted from the light emitting unit 20 travels through the inside of the housing unit 10 to some extent and then is emitted to the outside through the side wall 11. As a result, a space separated from the light emitting unit 20 is positioned in the housing. It becomes possible to make it.

By utilizing the property that insects gather at a position away from the light source instead of the position of the light source by such an arrangement, the trapping effect is included by including a position where such insects tend to gather inside the housing part. Succeeded in enhancing. In other words, the arrangement position of the light emitting unit 20 is devised so that a position where insects easily gather is placed inside the housing unit 10. Specifically, the light emitting surface 20a is intentionally disposed away from the side wall 11 of the housing unit 10, so that the light from the light emitting unit 20 is not immediately emitted to the outside of the housing unit 10, but once the housing unit After being irradiated within 10 and progressing a certain distance (stroke), it is discharged to the outside of the housing part 10. As a result, insects can be collected before the edge effect is manifested, and the amount of collection was successfully improved.
(Embodiment 2)

In the first embodiment described above, an example in which three light emitting units 20 are provided has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the number of light emitting units may be two or less, or four or more. For example, in the insect trapping apparatus 200 shown in FIG. 7 as the second embodiment, one light emitting unit 20 is provided. Even with such a configuration, the attracting light of the light emitting unit 20 can be emitted from the upper surface side in the drawing, and the insect attracting effect can be exhibited. Also, the configuration is inexpensive. For example, this is effective in a scene where it is desired to exert an insect attracting effect only on a specific surface of the insect collecting apparatus. Further, since the number of light emitting units used is small, it can be manufactured at low cost, and running costs such as power consumption can be suppressed.
(Embodiment 3)

Moreover, in embodiment described above, the example which formed the housing | casing part 10 in prismatic shape was demonstrated. However, this invention does not limit the external shape of a housing | casing part to the aspect of Embodiment 1, Other shapes, such as a triangular prism shape, the polygonal shape more than a pentagonal prism, or a column shape, can be employ | adopted suitably. In particular, in the insect trapping apparatus 300 shown in FIG. 8 as the third embodiment, the outer shape of the housing portion 10C is cylindrical. With this configuration, there is an advantage that the side wall 11C is not formed into a rectangular planar shape, but the entire curved surface shape can be efficiently attracted by insects. That is, in the configuration shown in FIG. 3, since the attracting light from the light emitting unit 20 is not emitted to the outside in the lower surface in the drawing, it seems that the insect attracting effect from this surface is low, as shown in the sectional view of FIG. The curved surface shape makes it easier to exert the insect attracting effect as an extended region from the region where the attracting light is emitted obliquely downward on the left and right in the figure, and an improvement in efficiency can be expected.
(Embodiment 4)

Or the surface which exhibits the insect attracting effect can also be formed widely. For example, as the fourth embodiment, the insect trap shown in the horizontal sectional view of FIG. 9 is formed in a triangular prism shape. According to this configuration, as in the first embodiment, the surface of the side wall 11D that faces the light emitting surfaces 20a of the three light emitting units 20 arranged at intervals of 120 ° is wider than the square shape of the first embodiment. As a result, the effect of attracting insects can be exerted over a larger area, and the amount of collection can be expected to be improved.
(Embodiment 5)

Alternatively, the corner may be chamfered in a cross-sectional view while the casing is formed in a prismatic shape. For example, in the insect trapping apparatus 500 shown in the horizontal sectional view of FIG. 10 as the fifth embodiment, the case portion 10E is formed in a triangular prism shape as in the fourth embodiment, and the corners where the side walls 11E are joined are chamfered. Yes. If it is this structure, the sharpness of the edge of the housing | casing part 10E can be weakened, it can be made into the shape which is safe even if it touches an operator, and is easy to handle at the time of installation and conveyance.
(Attracting experiment of tobacco turtle)

Next, the wavelength of light emitted from the light emitting unit 20 will be examined. The light emitting unit 20 needs to select light having a wavelength suitable for attracting insects to be collected. Therefore, the present inventors studied light having a wavelength suitable for attracting tobacco turtles, which are beneficial insects. Here, using the insect trapping device 600 as shown in FIG. 11, the light emitting unit 20F is disposed at one end (left side in the figure) of the cylindrical casing 10F, and further, the mesh MS and the plurality of check portions R1, R2 and R3 were arranged. In this state, the tobacco turtle is introduced from the other end (right side in the figure) of the housing portion 10F, and is collected in a space defined by the 0.2 mm mesh MS disposed near the light source and the check portion R1. The number of tobacco turtles was examined for each emission wavelength. Further, the emission intensity of the LED used as the light source was set to 1 × 10 ¹⁵ photons · m ⁻² · s ⁻¹ . In addition, 24 to 55 cigarette turtles were used in one experiment and reciprocated five times.

  The results are shown in the graph of FIG. 12 for the adult male male tobacco tobacco and in the graph of FIG. 13 for the female adult male female tobacco. As shown in these figures, it was confirmed that both the male and female tobacco turtles had the highest attracting effect in the vicinity of a wavelength of 470 nm corresponding to blue light, and then showed good results in the vicinity of a wavelength of 405 nm corresponding to purple light. . From the above, it can be said that it is preferable to use a light emitter that emits blue light as the light emission wavelength of the light emitting unit 20.

  The above experiment was carried out at 17 to 19 o'clock in light of the activity time of the tobacco turtle. Here, the result of having performed the test which confirms the active mass of a tobacco turtle is shown in FIGS. In these figures, FIG. 14 shows the activity distribution of adult male male tobacco cigarettes, with the result of examining the indoor lighting light with a bright time of 16 hours and a dark time of 8 hours, and FIG. The results of similar experiments for are shown respectively. FIG. 16 and FIG. 17 show the results of examining the adult tobacco tobacco turtle as 12 hours of bright room light and 12 hours of dark time, respectively. In addition, FIGS. 18 to 22 show the results of a similar test for outdoor natural light. In these figures, FIG. 18 shows the activity distribution of male male tobacco turtles from May 13 to 25, 2016 in the early summer with long sunshine hours, and FIG. 19 shows the same results for female adult female tobacco turtles. The results are shown respectively. 20 and 22 show the activity distribution of male male tobacco turtles from December 17 to 27, 2016, the early winter with short sunshine hours, and FIGS. 21 and 23 show female tobacco turtles as well. The experimental results are shown for adults. As is clear from these results, it was found that the activity of the adult tobacco turtle came to a peak at about 17-19 o'clock in the sunset, confirming the validity of the conditions for the duration of the test.

  The insect trapping apparatus and insect trapping method of the present invention are suitable for collecting beneficial insects such as tobacco kasumikame, terrestrial beetle, namihime hamememushi, komiribitibikamikame, hiratabu, etc. It can also be suitably applied and used for collecting various pests, such as stink bugs, stink bugs such as chabanae stink bugs, and flies such as flies.

100, 200, 300, 400, 500 ... insect collecting device 600 ... collector 10, 10, 10E, 10F ... casing 11, 11C, 11D, 11E ... side wall 12 ... ventilation region 13 ... air intake 14 ... Collection part 15 ... separation area 16 ... air discharge port 17 ... second ventilation area 18 ... separation filter 19 ... return part 20, 20F ... light emission part; 20a ... light emission surface; 20b ... non-light emission surface 21 ... first light emission part 22 2nd light emission part 23 ... 2nd light emission part 24 ... Light emitting element 25 ... Drive part 26 ... Power supply part 30 ... Air blower part 32 ... Rectification part 34 ... Checking part 40 ... Partition plate 50 ... Light emission part 212 for guidance | induction ... Substrate 214 ... first light source 216 ... second light source 220, 222 ... electrode 230 ... energization controller G ... pest L1 ... first straight line; L2 ... second straight line; L3 ... third straight line D1 ... first distance; D2 ... second distance MS ... Mesh R1, R2 R3 ... check unit X ... beneficial insects; Y ... pest; Z ... other insects

Claims (15)

One or more light-emitting portions having a light-emitting surface and a non-light-emitting surface that is the back surface of the light-emitting surface;
Insect collecting device comprising a housing portion that is a hollow shape that holds the light emitting portion, and at least a part of the side wall is a ventilation portion through which insects can pass.
Each light emitting unit is disposed in the cavity of the housing unit with the light emitting surface facing the side wall,
The first distance between the light emitting surface and the side wall facing the light emitting surface is:
An insect trapping device arranged in a posture that is longer than a second distance between the non-light-emitting surface and the side wall facing the non-light-emitting surface. The insect collecting apparatus according to claim 1,
A plurality of the light emitting units are provided,
The outer shape of the housing portion is extended in one direction, and in the plane orthogonal to the extending direction, the light emitting surface of each light emitting portion is arranged toward a different part of the side wall,
Insect collecting apparatus in which each light emitting section is arranged in such a posture that the light emitting surfaces respectively intersect with the straight lines facing the side walls. The insect collecting apparatus according to claim 2,
The light emitting unit includes a first light emitting unit, a second light emitting unit, and a third light emitting unit,
In the plane orthogonal to the extending direction of the housing part,
A first straight line in which the light emitting surface of the first light emitting part faces the side wall;
A second straight line in which the light emitting surface of the second light emitting unit faces the side wall;
A third straight line in which the light emitting surface of the third light emitting part faces the side wall,
An insect collecting apparatus in which the first light emitting part, the second light emitting part, and the third light emitting part are arranged so as to intersect each other at an angle of 120 °. The insect trapping device according to claim 2 or 3,
An insect trapping device in which the light emitting part is formed by arranging a plurality of light emitting elements along an extending direction of the housing part. An insect collecting device according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
With the outer shape in which the casing is extended in one direction,
One end is equipped with a blower,
The other end is equipped with a collection part,
An insect trapping device configured to push the insect attracted into the cavity of the housing part to the trapping part by the blowing part. The insect collecting apparatus according to claim 5,
The collection part is a space for collecting insects;
An insect trapping device comprising a partition plate that separates the cavity of the housing portion in a state where insects are trapped in the trapping portion. The insect collecting apparatus according to claim 6,
A second ventilation region is arranged on the end face of the collection part,
An insect trapping device configured so that the roughness of the second ventilation region is such that a predetermined insect cannot pass through and a smaller insect can pass therethrough. The insect collecting apparatus according to claim 6,
An insect trapping device, wherein the trapping part is a space for exterminating pests and has a water storage part for storing a liquid. An insect collecting apparatus according to any one of claims 5 to 8,
An insect trapping apparatus comprising: a blower fan, wherein the blower unit forcibly sends the insects induced in the housing unit to the collecting unit in one direction in the housing unit. An insect collecting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
Insect collecting device that collects insects as beneficial insects. The insect trapping device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, further comprising:
An insect collecting apparatus comprising a drive unit that drives the one or more light emitting units. It is an insect collection apparatus as described in any one of Claims 1-11,
An insect trapping device in which the light emitting part is a light emitting diode. An insect collecting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 12,
An insect trapping device in which the light emitting part is a blue light emitting diode or a purple light emitting diode. The insect collecting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 13, further comprising:
Insect collecting apparatus provided with the light emission part for guidance for guiding the insect induced in the case part further in one direction in the case part. A method of collecting insects,
Each of the light emitting surfaces having a light emitting surface and one or more light emitting portions having a non-light emitting surface that is the back surface of the light emitting surface, and each of the light emitting surfaces in a cavity of a casing portion having at least a part of a side wall as a ventilation region through which insects can pass. Is disposed toward the side wall, and a first distance between the light emitting surface and the side wall facing the light emitting surface is longer than a second distance between the non-light emitting surface and the side wall facing the non-light emitting surface. A step of causing the one or more light emitting units to emit light in a state of being disposed in a posture;
Attracting insects into the cavity of the casing.