JP2019159394A - Article transport management method and article transport management system - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide an article transport management method and a system which can confirm locations, safety and maintainability of articles not only in the usual time of the articles during transportation, but also in the event of abnormality, and can speedily deal with the event of the abnormality.SOLUTION: An article transport management system includes: (a) a step which houses an article having article information readable by reading means, to a returnable box which has the reading means for reading the article information from the article in the returnable box, storage means which stores the read article information, an environment sensor which detects at least one of shock, temperature or humidity of the returnable box to output environment information, and transmission means which transmits the stored article information and the environment information outputted by the environment sensor to an article management device of a cargo deliverer and/or a cargo receiver; (b) the step which reads and stores the article information from the article in the returnable box; (c) the step which transmits the read article information and the environment information outputted by the environment sensor to the article management device by the transmission means; and (d) and the step which determines whether or not abnormality occurs in the article in the returnable box based on the received article information and environment information, in the article management device.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 7

Description

  The present invention relates to an article transportation management method and an article transportation management system.

  Generally, when a shipper delivers an article to a predetermined consignee, the article is stored in a box, and the box is requested to a shipping company to be transported to the address of the consignee. .

  In the patent document 1, the applicant of the present invention reads information (article information) on the article added to the article contained in the pass box by the reading device, and the goods management device of the shipper and / or the consignee (hereinafter referred to as the following) When there is an accident during transportation (confirmation of the location, safety and maintainability of the goods during transportation (shipping, in transit, at the time of receiving)) We proposed the following goods transportation management method that enables quick response.

  The goods transportation management method uses the following box. The pass box includes an RFID reader / writer including an internal communication antenna provided on at least one pair of opposed inner wall surfaces, an external communication antenna provided on the outer surface, and a power source as a reading device. Further, the pass box detects the current position of the pass box and outputs position information, and detects at least one of the impact received by the pass box, the temperature or humidity in the pass box, and outputs the environmental information. In addition to having an environmental sensor, it also has a transmission means for transmitting position information and environmental information to the goods management device of the shipper and / or consignee. In addition, the article transportation management method holds an article having an RFID tag attached to the box so that the antenna of the RFID tag faces at least one of the internal communication antennas of the box. Then, the RFID reader / writer is activated to perform communication between the internal communication antenna and the antenna of the RFID tag, and the article information recorded on the RFID tag is read and stored in the RFID reader / writer. The box is transported in this state. When the transporter (driver) operates the portable terminal, the portable terminal communicates with the external communication antenna of the RFID reader / writer, and the received article information, position information, and environmental information are transmitted to an electric communication line such as the Internet. To the article management apparatus.

JP 2017-27345 A

  In the article transportation management method, when the transporter activates the portable terminal, the portable terminal transmits article information, position information, and environment information transmitted from the transit box during transportation to the article management apparatus.

  Therefore, only when the transporter operates the portable terminal, the article information, the position information, and the environment information of the transit box being transported are sent to the article management apparatus. In this case, when an abnormality occurs in the goods being transported, for example, the transporter encounters a traffic accident or a large earthquake that does not have enough time to operate the mobile terminal, or a fire or sudden cold wind blows along the roadway. -When an environmental change such as temperature and humidity suddenly occurs due to heavy rain, etc., the article information, location information and environmental information at that time may not be sent to the shipper and / or consignee, so when an abnormality occurs There is a risk that the initial purpose of confirming the location, safety and maintainability of the article and promptly responding after the occurrence of an abnormality will not be sufficiently achieved.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and it is possible to check the location, safety, and maintainability of an article at the time of abnormality as well as during normal transportation, and to promptly respond at the time of abnormality. An object of the present invention is to provide a method and system for transporting goods that can be used.

In one aspect, the article transportation management method according to the present invention includes the following steps. (Claim 1)
(A) The process of accommodating articles | goods in a box.
The pass box includes a reading unit that reads article information that is information related to the article from the articles contained in the pass box, a storage unit that stores the article information read by the reading unit in a storage unit, An environmental sensor that outputs environmental information by detecting at least one of impact, temperature or humidity in the box, article information stored in the storage unit, position information output by the positioning means, and environment output by the environmental sensor Transmission means for transmitting information to the goods management device of the shipper and / or consignee. The article has article information relating to the article readable by the reading means.
(B) A step of reading and storing the article information from the article contained in the box by the reading means.
(C) A step of transmitting the stored article information and the environmental information output by the environmental sensor to the article management device via a telecommunication line by a transmission means.
(D) A step of storing the received article information and environmental information in the article management apparatus and determining whether or not an abnormality has occurred in the article in the pass box based on the article information or the environmental information.
(E) A step of displaying or recording the fact on the article management device when it is determined that an abnormality has occurred in the article in the box.

In another aspect, the article transportation management method according to the present invention includes the following steps. (Claim 2)
(A) The process of accommodating articles | goods in a box.
The pass box includes a reading unit that reads article information that is information related to the article from an article stored in the pass box, a storage unit that stores the article information read by the reading unit in a storage unit, Positioning means for measuring the current position of the box and outputting position information; and an environmental sensor for detecting environment of at least one of the impact of the box and temperature or humidity in the box and outputting environmental information; Transmission means for transmitting article information stored in the storage unit, position information output by the positioning means, and environmental information output by the environmental sensor to an article management device of a shipper and / or consignee. is there. The article has the article information relating to the article readable by the reading means.
(B) A step of reading the article information from the article contained in the pass box by the reading means and storing it in the storage unit.
(C) The step of transmitting the article information stored in the storage unit, the position information output by the positioning means, and the environmental information output by the environmental sensor to the article management apparatus via the telecommunication line by the transmitting means. .
(D) A step of storing the received article information, position information, and environmental information in the article management apparatus, and determining whether an abnormality has occurred in the article in the box based on the article information or the environmental information.
(E) A step of displaying or recording the fact when it is determined that an abnormality has occurred in the article in the box, and recording the positional information when the determination is made.

In the article transport management method, the article management apparatus stores the received article information, position information, and environmental information, and determines whether or not an abnormality has occurred in the article in the pass box based on the article information or the environmental information. The process determines the presence or absence of any article based on the article information, grasps the current position of the box based on the position information, and determines the impact of the box, the temperature in the box, or the environmental information. Determining whether at least one of the humidity values is out of tolerance. (Claim 3)
“Item Loss” includes storage means for storing the read article information when the reading means cannot read the article information from the article due to destruction of the article in addition to when the article is taken out of the pass box. The case where a failure occurs is included.

  In the article transportation management method described above, when it is determined that an article has been lost and / or when at least one of the impact of the box, the temperature in the box, and the humidity deviate from the allowable values, the article management apparatus performs the It is desirable to include a step of requesting the shipment of a substitute for the item contained in the box. (Claim 4)

  In one aspect, the article transport management method is an article management apparatus that constantly transmits article information stored in a storage unit, position information output by positioning means, and environmental information output by an environmental sensor via an electric communication line by means of a transmission means. In the article management device, the presence or absence of the article is determined based on the article information received from the passing box, and the current position of the passing box is grasped based on the position information received from the passing box. Based on the environmental information received from the box, it is determined whether at least one of the temperature or humidity in the box exceeds an allowable value, and if the article is lost, or When at least one of temperature and humidity in the box exceeds the allowable value, the fact is displayed or recorded. (Claim 5)

  It is preferable to display or record position information when it is determined that the article has been lost and / or when an allowable value is exceeded. (Claim 6)

In another aspect, the article transportation management method includes another article management apparatus having a function similar to the function of the article management apparatus on the box side, and based on the article information received by the article management apparatus on the box side. When the presence or absence of an article has been determined, and it has been determined whether at least one of the impact of the box and the temperature or humidity in the box has exceeded an allowable value based on the received environmental information. And / or when it is determined that the item has been lost when at least one of the shock, temperature and humidity in the box exceeds the allowable value, and / or the shock, temperature and humidity in the box The position information when at least one of the items exceeds the allowable value is transmitted to the article management apparatus, and when it is determined that the article has been lost in the article management apparatus and / or the impact of the box, the temperature in the box, the humidity At least one is a tolerance It may be displayed or recorded status content and position information when exceeded. (Claim 7)
According to this method, the communication cost can be greatly reduced.

  In addition to the contents of the situation when it is determined that an article has been lost and / or when at least one of the impact, temperature, and humidity in the passage exceeds the allowable value, location information may also be displayed or recorded. preferable. (Claim 8)

  In one embodiment, an article transportation management method according to the present invention includes: (a1) an RFID reader / writer including an internal communication antenna and a power source provided on at least one pair of opposed inner wall surfaces of a box; The above-mentioned box having an environmental sensor for detecting at least one of the impact of the box, the temperature in the box, and the humidity, and a communication device connected to the RFID reader / writer is prepared. (B1) An RFID tag is provided. One or more articles are accommodated in the pass box so that the RFID tag faces at least one of the internal communication antennas of the pass box, and (c1) the internal communication antenna of the RFID reader / writer and the antenna of the RFID tag of the article (D1) A detection signal of the environmental sensor, which is read and stored by the RFID reader / writer. If it exceeds the allowable value, it comprises transmitting to the article management apparatus via the wireless communication line item information stored in the RFID reader-writer from the communicator. (Claim 9, Claim 10)

  In order to transmit the article information stored in the RFID reader / writer from the communication device to the article management device via the wireless communication line when the detection signal of the environmental sensor exceeds the allowable value, the output from the environmental sensor is set to the allowable value. If it exceeds, the article information stored in the RFID reader / writer may be read out and given to the communication device together with the position information at that time, or the article information stored in the RFID reader / writer may be read out constantly and given to the communication device. When the detection output of the environmental sensor exceeds the allowable value, the communication device may transmit the article information together with the position information and the environmental information. (Claim 11)

  An article transportation management system according to the present invention includes an article to which an RFID tag is attached, a box for storing the article, an RFID reader / writer provided in the box, and an impact provided in the box. An environmental sensor for detecting at least one of temperature and humidity, positioning means provided in the pass box, and a communicator provided in the pass box. The RFID reader / writer includes an internal communication antenna provided on the inner wall surface of the pass box and a power source, and an RFID tag of an article accommodated in the pass box. It communicates sequentially and reads the article information of each article, the positioning means measures the current position of the box, and the communicator outputs the article information read from the RFID tag by the RFID reader / writer and the environmental sensor outputs That environment information and the positioning means through a radio communication line position information to output is to transmit to the article management apparatus, it is characterized. (Claim 12)

The communication device may transmit the article information read by the RFID reader / writer from the RFID tag and the position information output by the positioning means when the detection output of the environmental sensor exceeds an allowable value. (Claim 13)
In order to send the article information to the article management device when the detection output of the environmental sensor exceeds the allowable value, the RFID reader / writer is connected to the communication device when the output level of the detection signal from the environmental sensor exceeds the allowable value. A communication control unit that starts transmission of the article information given by the user may be provided. (Claim 14)
The communication control unit may enable transmission of the communication device for a certain period only when the output level of the detection signal from the environment sensor exceeds the allowable value. (Claim 15)

  Further, when the output level of the detection signal from the environmental sensor exceeds an allowable value, in order to transmit the article information to the article management device, the RFID is output when the output level of the detection signal from the environmental sensor exceeds the allowable value. The reader / writer may be provided with a drive unit that reads the article information from the RFID tag, and the communication device may be configured to transmit the article information given from the RFID reader / writer. (Claim 16)

  The environmental sensor that outputs the environmental information is at least one of an impact sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, and the like.

  In the article transportation management system, an opening / closing sensor for detecting opening / closing of the lid is provided in the passing box, and a control unit for recording at least one of the time when the opening / closing sensor detects the opening / closing of the lid and the cumulative number of times of opening / closing (open / close information) It is preferable that the communication device adds the opening / closing information recorded in the article information and transmits it. (Claim 17)

  Further, it is desirable that the article transportation management system is provided with transportation time management means for starting time measurement at the time of shipment and measuring and recording the time required for transportation at the time of collection. (Claim 18)

  According to the first aspect of the invention, since the article information of the article is transmitted to the article management device of the shipper and / or consignee of the box at any time during transportation, the shipper and / or consignee can receive the article being transported. Presence, safety, maintainability, etc. can be quickly confirmed. In addition, when an abnormality occurs in an article during transportation, this is quickly displayed or recorded on the article management apparatus, so that it is possible to quickly determine whether or not an alternative product needs to be shipped. Therefore, it is possible to respond promptly and appropriately after an accident occurs.

  According to the invention according to claim 2, when an abnormality occurs in the goods during transportation, the shipper and / or the consignee determines whether the cause of the abnormality is the environment of the loss of the goods, impact, temperature, or humidity. Can know. According to the invention of claim 3, the shipper and / or consignee can know where the abnormality has occurred.

  According to the invention of claim 4, when an abnormality occurs in the article during transportation, the shipper and / or the consignee can promptly send the replacement product. Further, if the article information is transmitted only when an abnormality occurs, the effect of reducing the communication cost and the effort of checking the article status can be obtained.

  According to the fifth aspect of the invention, the shipper and / or consignee can always know the location of the article being transported and whether or not an abnormality has occurred. According to the invention which concerns on Claim 6, the position of the articles | goods at the time of abnormality occurrence can be known.

  According to the invention according to claims 7 and 8, not only the shipper and / or consignee of the pass box, but also the transporter of the pass box knows the location of the goods in the pass box, the presence or absence of loss, and the environmental condition. be able to.

  According to the ninth and tenth aspects of the present invention, it is possible to detect the presence of all articles without omission regardless of the accommodation position of the articles in the pass box.

  According to the eleventh aspect of the present invention, when the output from the environmental sensor exceeds the allowable value, the article information stored in the RFID reader / writer is read and given to the communication device together with the position information at that time, or the RFID reader / writer The article information stored in is constantly read out and given to the communication device, and when the detection output of the environmental sensor exceeds the allowable value, the communication device transmits the article information together with the position information and the environment information. At times, it is possible for the shipper and / or consignee to know the location of the box and the contents of the environmental change at the time of occurrence of the abnormality as well as the missing or missing state of the articles in the box.

  According to the invention of claim 12, the shipper and / or the consignee can quickly confirm the location, safety, maintainability, etc. of the article during transportation in normal conditions. If an abnormality occurs, you can know the location of the box and the contents of the environmental change at the time of the abnormality as well as the missing or missing state of the article, and quickly determine whether it is necessary to ship a replacement, It is possible to provide an article transportation management system capable of responding promptly and appropriately after an abnormality occurs.

  According to the thirteenth aspect of the present invention, when the detection output of the environmental sensor is less than the allowable value, the communication device does not transmit, so the communication cost can be reduced.

  According to the fourteenth and fifteenth aspects of the present invention, unnecessary communication between the communication device and the article management apparatus can be avoided, and an effect of reducing communication costs can be obtained.

  According to the invention of claim 16, unnecessary communication between the RFID tag of each article and the RFID reader / writer can be avoided.

  According to the invention of claim 17, the safety of the article transported by the shipper or the consignee can be improved by transmitting the opening / closing information of the lid of the pass box from the time of shipment of the pass box to the time of collection. You can know if you were not threatened.

  According to the eighteenth aspect of the present invention, the time required for transporting the article can be managed, so that it is possible to easily determine whether or not the quality of the article has deteriorated.

It is a conceptual diagram which shows typically the element used in the case of use of the goods transport management method concerning embodiment of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of an example of the box used in the method. FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an example of a configuration of an RFID reader / writer provided in the box of FIG. 2 and an article information transmission system. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the RFID reader / writer with which the pass box of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows an example of the articles | goods conveyed by the box of FIG. It is a block diagram which shows an example of a structure of the RFID tag attached to the articles | goods conveyed by the box of FIG. It is a block diagram which shows an example of a structure of an article | item management apparatus. It is a flowchart explaining the process of the goods transport management method which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure explaining the communication possibility between the RFID tag and RFID reader / writer of an article | item in case the antenna for internal communication of an RFID reader / writer is provided in two pairs of inner wall surfaces which a box passes. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a pass box in the case where a physical heat retaining means is provided. It is a cross-sectional view of the box of FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the principal part of the lid of a pass box in the case where an electrical heat retaining means is provided in the pass box. It is a figure which shows an example of the impact detection recording means of a box.

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[Constitution]
<Pass box>
In order to use the article transportation management method according to the present invention, first, as shown schematically in FIG. 1, a shipper or a shipping company prepares a pass box 1. As shown in FIG. 2, the pass box 1 includes a main body 3 having a storage space 2 for storing articles, and a lid 4 for sealing the upper surface of the storage space 2 of the main body 3. In the illustrated example, the lid 4 is connected to the main body 3 by a hinge (not shown) so as to be opened and closed. However, the lid 4 may have a hinge and can be separated from the main body 3. In order to ensure the safety of the article, the lid 4 is preferably provided with a lock 5 that is not unlocked unless an administrator (including a transporter) having a predetermined key uses the key. Further, the passing box 1 can move in a horizontal state with a handle 6 attached to the upper surface of the lid 4 or with a belt (not shown) on the shoulder.

  As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3A, the pass box 1 includes an RFID reader / writer 7. The RFID reader / writer 7 includes a switch 7c for turning on / off the power supply from the power source 7a to the control board 7b, and an internal communication antenna 7d provided on the inner wall surface 2a of the body 3 of the pass box 1. Including. A communication device 8a is connected to the control board 7b of the RFID reader / writer 7 by wire or wirelessly.

As the power source 7a, a battery that is as light as possible, for example, a lithium ion battery, an alkaline battery, a nickel battery, or the like is used. Control board 7b, the control unit ₇₁ has a _{microcomputer,} data storage section 7 _2, the data processing unit 7 ₃ are mounted.

  As will be described later, the internal communication antenna 7d is an antenna for performing wireless communication with the RFID tag 12 attached to the article 11 accommodated in the pass box 1, and the passive RFID tag 12 is used. Is supplied with power, and receives article information, which is information about each article 11, transmitted from the antenna of the RFID tag 12.

The internal communication antenna 7d only needs to be provided on at least one inner wall surface 2a of the main body 3 of the pass box 1. However, when the article 11 has a relatively thin cylindrical shape or polygonal cylindrical shape, they face each other. Are provided on two pairs of inner wall surfaces 2a1 to 2a4. The coupler adjuster 7ac1~7ac4 in each side wall of the main body 2 (see FIG. 2) is provided, each coupler adjustment unit is connected to the control unit _71, the four internal communication antenna 7a1~7a4 Enable sequentially.

The data processing unit 7 ₃ via a plurality of internal communication antenna 7a, compare the articles Pieces of information received from the RFID tag 12 of the below mentioned article 11 contained in Kayoibako 1, a plurality of the same RFID tag when reading the information, it holds only in the data storage unit 7 ₂ clearest one information, erasing the other information.

  In order to avoid receiving unnecessary electromagnetic waves (noise) from the RFID tag 12 other than the RFID tag 12 of the postscript article 11 in which the internal communication antenna 7d of the RFID reader / writer 7 is accommodated in the pass box 1, In order to prevent leakage of radio waves emitted from the RFID tag 12 to the outside of the box 1, a known electromagnetic wave shielding material 9 is provided in the main body 2 and the lid 3 of the box 1.

Controller ₇₁ of the RFID reader-writer 7, periodically reads the item information of the data storage unit 7 ₂ with built-in timer to control unit _71, and outputs to the communication control unit 8b. An environmental sensor S provided in the pass box 1 is coupled to the communication control unit 8b. The environmental sensor S detects an environmental change that causes an abnormality such as breakage or deterioration of quality in an article accommodated in the box 1. The environmental sensor S is at least one of an impact sensor (acceleration sensor), a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, and the like, for example. When the detection output level exceeds a preset allowable value or deviates from the allowable value, the environmental sensor S outputs the detection signal as environmental information and gives it to the communication control unit 8a. A communication device 8b provided in the pass box 1 is connected to the communication control unit 8a. Thus, when the detection signal is input from the environment sensor S, the communication control unit 8a enables transmission of the article information and the environment information by the communication device 8b for a certain period of time.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the communication device 8 b may use an external communication antenna 8 d provided on the upper surface of the lid 4 of the pass box 1. The RFID reader / writer 7 and the communication device 8b may be coupled with a USB cable to a connector provided on the control board 7b.

  The communication device 8b can transmit the article information and the environment information to the shipper and / or the consignee's article management apparatuses A and B via the Internet line. The communication device 8b has a SIM (subscriber identification module) and can directly access the Internet line. The information may be transmitted from the communication device 8b to a cloud (not shown), and the article management devices A and B may access the cloud to receive the article information and the environment information.

  FIG. 3B shows another configuration example in which the RFID reader / writer 7 transmits the article information read from the RFID tag 12 of the article 11 from the communication device 8b. That is, when the drive unit 8c is connected to the environment sensor S and a detection signal is given from the environment sensor S to the drive unit 8c, the drive unit 8c causes the RFID reader / writer 7 to read the article information from the RFID tag. The communication device 8b transmits article information and environment information given from the RFID reader / writer 7.

  When the environment sensor S detects a specific abnormality, the RFID reader / writer 7 reads the article information from the RFID tag, and the article information is transmitted from the communication device 8b to the article management apparatuses A and B together with the environment information. Since it is possible to know in real time the state of the articles in the pass box 1 at the time of occurrence of an abnormality, the reliability of the article information is high, and a response after the occurrence of the abnormality can be performed quickly and accurately.

  The passing box 1 is equipped with a known GPS (not shown) as positioning means. The GPS is supplied with power from the power source 7a, and always measures the current position of the box 1 and outputs position information. The position information is transmitted to the article management apparatuses A and B by the communication device 8b. The transmission conditions will be described later.

  At the bottom of the accommodation space 2 of the main body 3 of the pass box 1, a rack 10 that is an article holder is stationary or fixed. The rack 10 has one or a plurality of holes 101 opened on the upper surface. The article 11 can be inserted into the hole 101. When the article 11 has a relatively thin cylindrical shape or polygonal cylindrical shape, the hole 101 is formed so that the inserted article 11 can be held in an upright state. A plurality of holes 101 are preferably arranged in a matrix.

<Article>
In this embodiment, as illustrated in FIG. 4, the article 11 with the RFID tag 12 attached to the side surface is accommodated in the rack 10 in the box 1 and held in an upright state. The rack 10 is preferably made of a material having a water absorption property so that liquid contents leak from the article due to damage to the article 11 or the like.

  As illustrated in FIG. 5, the RFID tag 12 includes an antenna 12a, a control unit 12b configured by an IC chip, and a recording unit 12c. As illustrated in FIG. 4, the RFID tag 12 is provided on the label 12 d, and the label 12 d with the RFID tag is attached to the side surface of the article 11. In the recording unit 12c of the RFID tag 12, for example, article information such as a shipper's name, an article name or type, production or production or production date / time, shipping date / time, and consignee name is recorded.

  Usually, the RFID tag 12 has article information by a known tag recording device (not shown) connected to the article management apparatus A based on information input from the article management apparatus A installed in the shipper. Is recorded. However, the tag recording device may be independent from the article management device A. The article information recorded on the RFID tag 12 is also transmitted, stored and managed to the shipper's article management apparatus A. Further, the same article information is transmitted and managed to the article management apparatus B installed at the consignee of the pass box 1 via the Internet C and other electric communication lines before the pass box 1 is shipped. As will be described later, the article management apparatuses A and B are configured by substantially the same computers.

<Article management device>
As shown in FIG. 6, the shipper's article management apparatus A includes a communication unit 21, a signal analysis unit 22, a shipping product information storage unit 23, a post-shipment product information storage unit 24, a verification unit 25, A position information storage unit 26, an environment information storage unit 27, and a display unit 28 are provided.

  The communication unit 21 communicates with the communication device 8b of the pass box 1 via the Internet. The communication unit 21 also communicates with a tag recording device (not shown) that originally holds the article information of all the articles to be accommodated in the pass box 1, and the article information provided by the tag recording apparatus Receive. The signal analysis unit 22 analyzes signals received from the communication device 8b and the tag recording device, divides them into article information, position information, and environment information, and stores them in the storage units 23, 24, and 27, respectively. The article information received from the tag recording device is stored in the shipment article information storage unit 23. Thereafter, the article information received from time to time from the communication device 8b is stored in the post-shipment article information storage unit 24 in a replacement manner.

  Then, the product information at the time of shipment and the product information after shipment are collated by the collation unit 25, and if there is a discrepancy between the product information of any of the products, it is determined that the product has been destroyed or lost. The determination result is displayed on the display unit 28. The position information storage unit 26 always stores and updates position information output from the GPS. The position information is also displayed on the display unit 28. That is, the current position of the box 1 is always displayed.

  When the signal analysis unit 22 receives the environment information, the environment information is stored in the environment information storage unit 27. That is, when at least one environmental sensor S such as an impact sensor (acceleration sensor), temperature sensor, or humidity sensor detects an impact, temperature, or humidity exceeding an allowable value, the fact is stored in the environment information storage unit 27. Are displayed on the display unit 28.

[Action]
FIG. 7 is a process diagram showing the flow of basic operations of the article transportation management method of the above embodiment. The basic steps are an article accommodation step (P1), an article information reading step (P2), a transmission step (P3), an abnormality presence / absence determination step (P4), a determination result display / recording step (P5), It consists of an article removal step (P6). Hereinafter, description will be made sequentially.

≪Article housing process (P1) ≫
The above-mentioned pass box 1 accommodates articles each having a label with an RFID tag on which article information is recorded. When the storage is completed, the lid 3 of the box 1 is sealed and locked. Therefore, it is possible to protect the articles in the pass box 1 from theft, loss, and harmful acts during transportation.

<< Article information reading process (P2) >>
When the power ON / OFF switch 7c of the RFID reader / writer 7 is turned on following the locking of the box 1, the RFID reader / writer 7 is activated. In the RFID reader / writer 7, the control unit 61 executes an article information reading program. First, the four internal communication antennas 7d1 to 7d4 are sequentially enabled via each coupler adjustment unit. Each of the internal communication antennas 7d1 to 7d4 radiates a power supply wave from one inner wall surface of the accommodation space 2 of the pass box 1 toward the opposite inner wall surface. Among the articles held upright in the storage space 2 of the pass box 1, the RFID tag 12 of the article 11 having the antenna 12a that receives the irradiation of the power supply wave generates power and is recorded in the recording unit 12c. The article information is read out, and the article information is transmitted from the antenna 12a to the internal communication antenna 7d facing the antenna 12a of the pass box 1.

FIG. 8 shows the arrangement positions of the internal communication antennas 7d1 to 7d4 of the box 1 and the twelve articles 11 ₁ , 11 ₂ , 11 ₃ ,... Housed in the box 1 and held in an upright state. An example of random orientations of the RFID tags 12 of 11 ₁₀ and 11 ₁₂ is shown. Since the entire RFID tag 12 of the _first article 111 is opposed to the internal communication antenna 7d1, the RFID tag 12 receives the power wave from the internal communication antenna 6a1 by the antenna 12a and records it. The article information is read from the unit 12c and transmitted to the internal communication antenna 7d1. That is, the first article 11 ₁ of the article information is read in the RFID reader-writer 7 via an internal communication antenna 7d1, is stored in the data storage unit _{7 2.}

Further, since the RFID tag 12 of the _second article 112 is entirely opposed to the internal communication antenna 7d3, the RFID tag 12 receives the power wave from the internal communication antenna 7d3 by the antenna 12a. Then, the article information is read from the recording unit 12c and transmitted to the internal communication antenna 7d3. That is, the second article 11 ₂ of the article information is read in the RFID reader-writer 7 via an internal communication antenna 7d3, is stored in the data storage unit _{7 2.}

The RFID tag 12 of the _third article 113 is opposed to the internal communication antenna 7d1, but the first tag is closer to the internal communication antenna 7d1 than the RFID tag 12 of the _third article 113. because RFID tags 12 of articles 11 ₁ faces the fully internal communication antenna 7d1 side, the third electromagnetic coupling force between the article 11 ₃ of the RFID tag 12 and the internal communication antenna 7d1 is Jakui . On the other hand, a part of the RFID tag 12 of the _third article 113 is also opposed to the internal communication antenna 7d3, and the electromagnetic coupling force between the RFID tag 12 and the internal communication antenna 7d3 is internal communication. Since it is stronger than the electromagnetic coupling force with the antenna 7d1, the product information of the _third product 113 is read by the RFID reader / writer 7 through the internal communication antenna 7d3 and stored in the data storage unit 72.

Based on the same principle, the article information of the other articles 11 ₄ , 11 _{5 to} 11 ₁₂ is transmitted to the RFID reader by communication with the internal credit antennas 7 d 1 to 7 d 4 that generate the strongest electromagnetic coupling force in the direction of each RFID tag 12. read writer 7 is stored in the data storage unit 7 _2. That is, by providing the internal credit antennas 7d1 to 7d4 on the four inner wall surfaces of the box 1, the article information can be read regardless of the direction of the article (RFID tag 12) accommodated in the box 1. Has the advantage of being. Therefore, when the article is accommodated in the box, it is not necessary to pay attention to the direction of the RFID tag 12 of the article, so the article accommodation efficiency is high. In addition, no article information reading leakage occurs in any article.

As described above, ON the power ON / OFF switch 7e of the RFID reader-writer 7 Then, the article information of the article Kayoibako 1 is read instantaneously is stored in the data storage unit _{7 2.} When the reading of the article information from all the contained articles is completed, it is desirable to display the reading completion by display means (not shown) provided on the outer surface of the pass box 1, for example, the upper surface of the lid 4. .

≪Transmission process (P3) ≫
Following reading the end of the article information, the control unit ₇₁ of the RFID reader-writer 7 calls the article information of the article in that Kayoibako 1 stored in the data storage unit 7 _2, outputs it to the communication device 8b To do. The communication device 8b transmits the received article information to a predetermined transmission destination via the Internet or the like C. One of the transmission destinations is the goods management apparatus A of the shipper of the pass box 1, and the other is the goods management apparatus B of the consignee of the pass box 1.

≪Abnormality presence / absence determination step (P4) ≫
The goods management apparatus A of the shipper replaces and stores the article information received from time to time from the communication device 8b in the post-shipment article information storage unit 24. The post-shipment product information stored in the post-shipment product information storage unit 24 in a replacement manner is verified by the verification unit 25 with the shipping product information stored in the shipping product information storage unit 23. The result of the collation is displayed on the display unit 29. Thereby, it is possible to confirm whether or not a predetermined article has been accommodated in the pass box 1 as instructed depending on whether “match” or “mismatch” is displayed on the display unit 28 at the time when the article storage step is completed. it can. In addition, since the consignee's article management apparatus B receives the article information at the time of shipment, that is, before the passing box 1 arrives at the consignee, the consignee has sufficient time until the passing box 1 arrives. It is possible to start preparations for inspection and analysis with sufficient time.

  When transportation of the pass box 1 in which a predetermined article is stored is started, the RFID reader / writer 7 reads the article information of the RFID tag 12, the GPS position information, and the environment sensor at intervals of several tens of seconds or minutes, for example. Since the environmental information of S is read and output to the communication device 8a, the communication device 8a transmits these to the article management devices A and B.

  In the article management apparatuses A and B, it is possible to check the storage state of the articles in the box 1 by looking at the article information transmitted from the transmitter 8b during the transportation and displayed on the article management apparatus.

  When a transport vehicle encounters a traffic accident during transportation or an article in the passing box 1 is damaged due to a large earthquake or the like, the RFID reader / writer 7 reads the article information from the RFID tags 12 of all or part of the article. Since the post-shipment product information received by the product management devices A and B does not match the product information at the time of shipment, the collation unit 25 identifies the product in which an abnormality has occurred, and the display unit 29, an article in which an abnormality has occurred is displayed. The display unit 29 can include a recording unit.

≪Judgment result display / recording process (P5) ≫
When the article is destroyed, the environmental sensor S outputs a detection signal that exceeds the allowable value. Therefore, the signal is stored in the environmental information storage unit 27 and it is determined that an abnormality has occurred, and the display unit 28 displays and records the abnormality occurrence. Is done. In addition, position information at the time of occurrence of abnormality is also displayed and recorded on the display unit 28.

  Even when the temperature sensor or humidity sensor detects that the temperature or humidity in the pass box 1 has exceeded the allowable value, it is stored in the environmental information storage unit 27, and the occurrence of abnormality is displayed on the display unit 28 together with the position information at that time. Displayed / recorded.

Even when the Kayoibako 1 arrives to the consignee, communicator 8b transmits article information called from the data storage unit 7 _2, item management apparatus A, the B. Thereby, the shipper and the consignee look at the display content of the display unit 29 without opening the pass box 1 and confirm whether or not the article accommodated in the pass box 1 has been delivered to the consignee at the time of shipment. be able to.

  Depending on the degree of damage of the article, reading of the article information of the RFID tag 12 becomes impossible. Therefore, since the article information is missing in the information received by the shipper and / or consignee, it is possible to predict the inability to arrive at the required article, so the shipper can quickly ship the replacement item. Can be prepared. Alternatively, the consignee can promptly request the shipper to ship a replacement.

[Extended example 1 of the first embodiment]
Some articles to be transported have poor quality due to an increase in temperature in the box 1. Fresh fish, fresh vegetables, fresh confectionery, specimens are one of them. Therefore, the pass box 1 used for transporting such articles is provided with means (heat keeping means) for keeping the temperature in the accommodation space of the pass box 1 at a constant low temperature. FIG. 9 shows an example of a physical heat retaining means in which a coolable agent storage portion 13 that can be opened and closed is formed in the lid 3 of the pass box 1A, and the cold insulation agent 14 can be stored in the cold storage agent storage portion 13 in an exchangeable manner. ing.

  As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the passage box 1 </ b> A provided with the heat retaining means is preferably provided with a heat insulating material 15 on the main body 3 and the lid 4. A light and hard metal, such as an aluminum plate 1a, is provided on the outermost side of the passage box 1A, a heat insulating material 15 is provided on the inner side, and coupler adjusting portions 7dc1 to 7dc4 are provided on the inner side of the heat insulating material 15, Internal credit antennas 7d1 to 7d4 are provided on the innermost side of the box 1A.

  In the heat insulating material 15 illustrated in FIGS. 9 and 10, a shock-absorbing urethane foam 15a, a polystyrene foam 15b, and a vacuum heat insulating material 15c are stacked and used. Moreover, the electromagnetic wave shielding material 8 is provided between the polystyrene foams 15b. However, the arrangement order of the shock absorbing urethane foam 15a, the polystyrene foam 15b and the vacuum heat insulating material 15c is arbitrary.

  FIG. 11 shows an example in which the electrical heat retaining means 16 is used as the heat retaining means of the passage box 1A. The electrical heat retaining means 16 is provided on the lid 4 and has a battery 16a as a power source, a Peltier element 16b, a control board 16c for controlling a current applied from the battery 16a to the Peltier element 16b, and both upper and lower sides of the Peltier element 16b. And fans 16d and 16e for blowing air in opposite directions, and a battery 16f for supplying driving power to the fans 16d and 16e. When supplied with power, the Peltier element 16b generates heat on the upper surface and generates heat on the lower surface. Then, the warm heat is dissipated outside the lid 4 by the fan 16d, and the cool heat flows down to the accommodation space 2 of the box 1 by the fan 16e.

  The temperature in the accommodation space 2 of the pass box 1A is not always constant, and may vary depending on the outside air temperature of the pass box 1A. In order to prevent the fluctuation, a temperature sensor (not shown) that measures the temperature in the accommodation space 2 is provided, and when the measured temperature deviates from the temperature set by the control unit of the control board 16c, the control unit controls the Peltier element 16b. Is controlled so that the measured temperature is equal to the set temperature.

  When the electrical heat retaining means 16 has some failure, for example, a malfunction has occurred in either the battery 16a, 16f or the Peltier element 16b, and the temperature in the accommodation space 2 has risen to such an extent that the quality of the article is affected. In order to verify the fact, it is preferable to record the temperature measured by the temperature sensor in time series.

  When such temperature recording means is provided, the recorded measurement temperature is read via the communication device 8 during transportation of the box 1A or after arrival at the inspection organization, and the goods management of the shipper and / or consignee is performed. By transmitting to the apparatuses A and B, it is possible to confirm from the recorded contents whether or not there is an abnormal increase in temperature, and therefore whether or not the quality of the article has deteriorated. Therefore, it can contribute to confirmation of the integrity of the article.

  The electrical heat retaining means 16 includes both a warming means and a cooling means, and when the measured temperature in the accommodation space 2 falls below a predetermined range below the optimum storage temperature of the articles accommodated in the pass box, or You may provide the control part which operates a heating means and a cooling means, respectively, when it goes up beyond a predetermined range.

  The extension example 1 of the first embodiment is one in which the temperature management means is provided in the passing box 1A. However, depending on the article to be accommodated, in addition to the temperature management means or instead of the temperature management means, humidification is performed. A humidity management means for dehumidifying and adjusting the humidity may be provided.

[Example of extension of first embodiment, part 2]
When some sort of impact is applied to the passing box 1 during transportation, for example, when a traffic accident of a transport vehicle, impact due to running on a rough road, or falling of the passing box occurs, the articles stored in the passing box 1 Damage, leakage, etc. may occur. If the item is damaged or the contents are leaked, it is desirable to promptly transport the replacement. However, in the conventional goods transportation management method, there is no way of knowing such damage of the goods during transportation, and therefore, rapid reproduction of goods based on the damage of goods during transportation, etc. I didn't do it.

As one preferred embodiment of the present invention, as illustrated in FIG. 12, a means 17 for detecting and recording an impact applied to the pass box 1B is provided on either the main body 3 or the lid 4 of the pass box 1B. is there. The impact detection recording means 17 includes, for example, an impact sensor 17a composed of an acceleration sensor, and a processing means 17b that outputs a measurement value when a measurement value (impact level) output from the impact sensor 17a exceeds a predetermined threshold value. And a data recording unit 17c for recording the measured value. Data recording unit 17c may also serve as the data recording unit _{7 2} of the RFID reader-writer. The transporter when an impact is applied to Kayoibako, or when Kayoibako arrives to the consignee, reads the impact information from the data recording unit 18 or the 7 ₂ by the communication unit 8b, shipping people and / or goods receptacle Send to people. As a result, the shipper can know the possibility that an abnormality has occurred due to an impact on the goods in the passed box 1B, so that the goods can be quickly reproduced and prepared for re-transportation. In addition, the consignee can look inside the box that has arrived to confirm the damage status of the article, and if necessary, can request the shipper to reproduce the article and re-transport.

[Example of extension of first embodiment, part 3]
Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, positioning means such as GPS and a timepiece are provided in any or all of the pass boxes 1, 1A, 1B. Then, the location data of the pass box acquired by the positioning means is transmitted from the communication device 8b together with the time data at that time. Accordingly, when and where the box is present can be transmitted to the shipper and / or the consignee, it is possible to confirm the current position, safety, and integrity of the box that is being transported. Further, when an abnormality due to an impact occurs in the article in the passing box 1B, an abnormality occurrence time and an abnormality occurrence position can be transmitted. This is effective for various countermeasures, for example, when transporting articles or the like with a particularly high degree of danger in the pass box 1B.

[Example of extension of first embodiment, part 4]
In a preferred embodiment, an opening / closing sensor that detects opening / closing of the lid 4 is provided in the box. The control unit ₇₁ of the RFID reader-writer 7, close sensor records the cumulative number (open information) that opens and closes with a time of detecting the opening and closing of the lid 4, and the transmission of the switching information via the communication device 8b A function for transmitting the opening / closing information when requested is added.

  This enables transmission or recording of the opening and closing traces (opening and closing times and the number of opening and closing times) of the lid 4 from the time of shipment to the time of collection of the pass box, and the safety of goods to be transported has not been threatened. You can check whether or not. If there is no trace of opening and closing, it can be ensured that the safety of the goods was not threatened during transport.

[Example of extension of first embodiment, part 5]
Further, in order to prevent the article information read from the RFID tag from being illegally acquired by an outsider, the communication device 8b of the pass box is operated by a communication permission switch (not shown) provided in the pass box. It is desirable to enable it only when it is in the ON state.

[Other embodiments]
In the above, the application example in which all the articles to be accommodated have the same or similar shape and size has been described, but the shape and size of the articles to be accommodated are not limited. And various things from a small size to a large size can be used for a through box according to the magnitude | size, the number, or the shape of a to-be-contained article. The present invention can also be applied to transportation management of articles that require temperature / humidity management and articles that do not require temperature / humidity management. One or a plurality of fresh fish, fresh food products, etc. are accommodated in a resin sheet pack. Accordingly, a label with an RFID tag in which article information is recorded is attached to the resin sheet pack, and the resin sheet pack is transported by being accommodated in a pass box provided with an electrical heat retaining means (cooling means). Since the appropriate temperature and humidity are often different depending on the type of the article, it is preferable to use a cooling means or a humidifying means that can appropriately set the cooling temperature and humidity according to the article.

  When the same box 1 is used for transportation of other articles, the article holder can be replaced with a rack, which has any shape suitable for accommodating and holding articles, a hole, a recess or a groove. It is good to leave or fix to the bottom of the storage space 2 of the main body 3 so as to be replaceable.

  There is no heat insulation means in the box used for transporting articles that do not require temperature / humidity management. However, when an ON / OFF switch for the heat retaining means is provided in the box equipped with the heat retaining means, the container can be used for transportation of articles that do not require temperature / humidity management. An RFID tag label is affixed to these articles in a wrapping or the like for housing or packaging the articles. Moreover, it is good to equip the bottom part of the storage space of a pass box with the tray suitable for the stable holding | maintenance of the article | item, a receiving seat, etc. Further, the internal communication antenna of the box is provided with a number capable of reliably communicating with the RFID tag of the article according to the number and shape of the articles accommodated in the box.

  The present invention is suitable for application when a sample collected at a medical institution is transported to a testing institution. The specimen is blood, cerebrospinal fluid, puncture fluid, pus, urine, stool, or the like to be examined. The collected specimen is accommodated in a test tube, and is accommodated in a transport container and transported. In this case, the test tube in which the specimen is accommodated, that is, the primary container corresponds to an article to be transported, and the secondary container in which the primary container is accommodated, that is, a transport container corresponds to a box. The label with the RFID tag is attached to the side surface of the test tube, and the RFID tag has sample information corresponding to the article information, for example, but not limited to, the name of the medical institution, the name of the subject, the type of the sample, The date and time of collection, the date and time of shipment, and the name of the inspection organization are recorded.

  Some goods to be transported are desired to avoid direct sunlight. For example, it is an article whose bilirubin, vitamin C, vorphyrin, folic acid, KC activity, etc. are reduced by direct sunlight. For the pass box that accommodates such articles, a material and a structure that can manage light such as light shielding properties are used.

  In addition, the box used for the transportation of goods whose quality, freshness, etc. depend on the transportation time shall be equipped with a timekeeping means and a recording means, start timekeeping at the time of shipment, and record the time required for transportation at the time of collection. Therefore, it is desirable to manage the transportation time.

A Shipper's goods management device B Consignee's goods management device C Internet 1,1A Passing box 7 RFID reader / writer (reading means)
7 ₂ Data storage section (storage means)
S environment sensor 7d, 7d1-7d4 antenna for internal communication 8b communication device (transmission means)
11, 11 ₁ , 11 ₂ , to 11 ₁₂ articles 12 RFID tags

Claims (18)

An article transportation management method comprising the following steps.
(A) The process of accommodating articles | goods in a box.
The pass box includes a reading unit that reads article information that is information related to the article from an article stored in the pass box, a storage unit that stores the article information read by the reading unit in a storage unit, An environmental sensor that outputs environmental information by detecting at least one environment of the impact of the passing box, temperature or humidity in the passing box, article information stored in the storage unit, and environmental information output by the environmental sensor Is transmitted to the goods management device of the shipper and / or consignee. The article has the article information relating to the article readable by the reading means.
(B) A step of reading the article information from the article contained in the pass box by the reading means and storing it in the storage unit.
(C) The step of transmitting the article information stored in the storage unit and the environmental information output by the environmental sensor to the article management device via the telecommunication line by the transmission means.
(D) A step of storing the received article information and environmental information in the article management apparatus and determining whether or not an abnormality has occurred in the article in the box based on the article information or the environmental information.
(E) A step of displaying or recording the fact when it is determined that an abnormality has occurred in the article in the box. An article transportation management method comprising the following steps.
(A) The process of accommodating articles | goods in a box.
The pass box includes a reading unit that reads article information that is information related to the article from an article stored in the pass box, a storage unit that stores the article information read by the reading unit in a storage unit, Positioning means for measuring the current position of the box and outputting position information; and an environmental sensor for detecting environment of at least one of the impact of the box and temperature or humidity in the box and outputting environmental information; Transmission means for transmitting article information stored in the storage unit, position information output by the positioning means, and environmental information output by the environmental sensor to an article management device of a shipper and / or consignee. is there. The article has the article information relating to the article readable by the reading means.
(B) A step of reading the article information from the article contained in the pass box by the reading means and storing it in the storage unit.
(C) The step of transmitting the article information stored in the storage unit, the position information output by the positioning means, and the environmental information output by the environmental sensor to the article management apparatus via the telecommunication line by the transmitting means. .
(D) A step of storing the received article information, position information, and environmental information in the article management apparatus, and determining whether an abnormality has occurred in the article in the box based on the article information or the environmental information.
(E) A step of displaying or recording the fact when it is determined that an abnormality has occurred in the article in the box, and recording the positional information when the determination is made. In the article transportation management method according to claim 2,
In the article management apparatus, the received article information, position information, and environmental information are stored, and the step of determining whether an abnormality has occurred in the article in the pass box based on the article information or the environmental information is the article The presence or absence of any article is determined based on the information, the current position of the box is grasped based on the position information, the impact of the box, the temperature in the box, or the An article transportation management method comprising: determining whether at least one of the humidity values is out of an allowable value. In the article transportation management method according to claim 1, 2, or 3,
When it is determined that the article has been lost and / or when at least one of the temperature, humidity, or impact in the box is out of the allowable value, the article management device can store the article stored in the box. An article transportation management method comprising a step of requesting shipment of an alternative product. In the article transportation management method according to claim 2 or 3,
The article information stored in the storage unit, the positional information output by the positioning means, and the environmental information output by the environmental sensor are always transmitted to the article management apparatus via an electric communication line by the transmitting means, and the article management is performed. In the apparatus, the presence or absence of the article is determined based on the article information received from the box, and the current position of the box is determined based on the position information received from the box, and received from the box Based on the environmental information, it is determined whether or not at least one of the impact of the box, the temperature or humidity in the box exceeds an allowable value, and when the article is lost, and / or the temperature in the box An article transportation management method comprising displaying or recording the fact when at least one of humidity and impact exceeds an allowable value. In the article transportation management method according to claim 2 or 3,
When the article has been lost, and / or when at least one of temperature, humidity or shock in the box exceeds an allowable value, the fact is displayed or recorded, and it is determined that the article has been lost. The article transportation management method characterized by displaying or recording position information when the tolerance value is exceeded and / or when the allowable value is exceeded. In the article transportation management method according to claim 2,
Another item management device having a function similar to that of the item management device of the shipper and / or consignee is provided on the box side, and the item is lost based on the item information received by the item management device on the box side. When determining whether or not at least one of the impact of the pass box, the temperature or the humidity in the pass box exceeds the allowable value based on the received environmental information, and if the article is lost, And / or when it is determined that the article has been lost when at least one of temperature, humidity, or shock in the box exceeds the allowable value, and / or at least one of temperature, humidity, or shock in the box. The position information when one of the items exceeds the allowable value is transmitted to the goods management device of the shipper and / or the consignee, and it is determined that the goods are lost in the goods management device and / or the temperature and humidity in the pass box Other article transport management method characterized in that at least one shock to view or record the status contents when exceeding the allowable value. In the article transportation management method according to claim 7,
Position information is also displayed or recorded when it is determined that the article has been lost in the article management apparatus and / or when at least one of temperature, humidity, or impact in the box exceeds the allowable value. Goods transportation management method. In the article transportation management method according to claim 1,
(A1) An RFID reader / writer including an internal communication antenna and a power source provided on at least one pair of opposing inner wall surfaces of the box, and detecting at least one situation of temperature, humidity or impact in the box And a communication box connected to the RFID reader / writer is prepared, and (b1) one or more articles having an RFID tag, the RFID tag is connected to the internal communication of the box. (C1) Communicating between the RFID reader / writer internal communication antenna and the RFID tag antenna of the article to be recorded in the RFID tag so as to face at least one of the antennas Article information that is information about the article being read is read and stored by the RFID reader / writer, and (d1) the detection signal of the environmental sensor exceeds an allowable value In this case, the article information stored in the RFID reader / writer may be transmitted from the communication device to an article management device of a shipper and / or consignee of the pass box via a wireless communication line. Goods transportation management method. In the article transportation management method according to any one of claims 2 to 8,
(A1) An RFID reader / writer including an internal communication antenna and a power source provided on at least one pair of opposing inner wall surfaces of the box, and detecting at least one situation of temperature, humidity or impact in the box And a communication box connected to the RFID reader / writer is prepared, and (b1) one or more articles having an RFID tag, the RFID tag is connected to the internal communication of the box. (C1) Communicating between the RFID reader / writer internal communication antenna and the RFID tag antenna of the article to be recorded in the RFID tag so as to face at least one of the antennas Article information that is information about the article being read is read and stored by the RFID reader / writer, and (d1) the detection signal of the environmental sensor exceeds an allowable value In this case, the article information stored in the RFID reader / writer may be transmitted from the communication device to an article management device of a shipper and / or consignee of the pass box via a wireless communication line. Goods transportation management method. In the article transportation management method according to claim 10,
When the detection signal of the environmental sensor exceeds the allowable value, the article information stored in the RFID reader / writer is sent from the communication device via a wireless line to the goods management of the shipper and / or consignee of the box. When transmitting to the apparatus, when the output from the environmental sensor exceeds the allowable value, the article information stored in the RFID reader / writer is read, and the article information together with the position information at that time is read out from the communication device. Or the article information stored in the RFID reader / writer is constantly read and given to the communication device, and the article information is sent to the communication device when the detection output of the environmental sensor exceeds the allowable value. An article transportation management method comprising transmitting together with position information and the environment information. An article to which an RFID tag is attached, a box that houses the article, an RFID reader / writer provided in the box, and at least one of impact, temperature in the box, and humidity provided in the box An environmental sensor for detecting one, positioning means provided in the pass box, and a communication device provided in the pass box,
The pass box holds the article such that the antenna of the RFID tag faces the antenna for internal communication,
The RFID reader / writer includes an internal communication antenna and a power source provided on an inner wall surface of the box, and sequentially communicates with an RFID tag of the article housed in the box, and the article information of each article Is to read
The positioning means measures the current position of the pass box,
The communicator is configured such that the article information read by the RFID reader / writer from the RFID tag, the environmental information output by the environmental sensor, and the positional information output by the positioning means via a wireless communication line, An article transport management system characterized by being transmitted to an article management apparatus of a consignee. In the article transportation management system according to claim 12,
When the detection output of the environmental sensor exceeds an allowable value, the communication device transmits the article information read from the RFID tag by the RFID reader / writer and the position information output by the positioning means. Goods management system characterized by. In the article transportation management system according to claim 13,
When a detection output of the environmental sensor exceeds the allowable value, an output of a detection signal from the environmental sensor to transmit the article information to an article management device of a shipper and / or a consignee of the box An article transportation management system comprising: a communication control unit that causes the communication device to start sending the article information given from the RFID reader / writer when a level exceeds the allowable value. In the article transportation management system according to claim 14,
The goods transport management system, wherein the communication control unit enables transmission of the communication device for a certain time only when an output level of a detection signal from the environmental sensor exceeds the allowable value. In the article transportation management system according to claim 15,
When the output level of the detection signal from the environmental sensor exceeds an allowable value, the detection signal from the environmental sensor is used to transmit the article information to the goods management device of the shipper and / or consignee of the box. A drive unit that causes the RFID reader / writer to read the article information from the RFID tag when the output level exceeds an allowable value, and causes the communication device to transmit the article information provided from the RFID reader / writer. An article transportation management system. In the article transportation management system according to claim 16,
A lid opening / closing sensor is provided in the pass box, and a controller is provided for recording at least one of the time when the opening / closing sensor detects the opening / closing of the lid and the cumulative number of times of opening / closing (opening / closing information). An article transportation management system, wherein the recorded opening / closing information is added to information and transmitted. In the article transportation management system according to any one of claims 12 to 17,
The article transportation management system is characterized in that a transportation time management means for starting time measurement at the time of shipment and measuring and recording the time required for transportation at the time of collection is added to the article transportation management system.

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