JP2018535952A - 医薬用コロイド粒子 - Google Patents
医薬用コロイド粒子 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2018535952A JP2018535952A JP2018519423A JP2018519423A JP2018535952A JP 2018535952 A JP2018535952 A JP 2018535952A JP 2018519423 A JP2018519423 A JP 2018519423A JP 2018519423 A JP2018519423 A JP 2018519423A JP 2018535952 A JP2018535952 A JP 2018535952A
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- colloidal particles
- amphiphilic lipid
- glycero
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Abstract
本発明は、生体適合性親水性ポリマーで誘導体化された両親媒性脂質を約0.5〜20モル%含有するコロイド粒子を含む医薬用組成物であって、薬学的に活性な薬剤を含まない、組成物を提供する。
【選択図】なし
Description
1.リン脂質の薄膜を水性媒体で水和させた後、機械的に振とうおよび/もしくは超音波照射および/もしくは適当なフィルターを通して押し出しを行う;
2.リン脂質を適切な有機溶媒に溶解し、水性媒体と混合した後、溶媒を除去する。
3.その気体の臨界点以上の気体を使用する(すなわち、フレオンおよびCO2もしくはCO2と他のガス状炭化水素との混合物などの他のガス)または
4.脂質と界面活性剤との混合ミセルを調製し、次いで、界面活性剤の濃度を、リポソームが形成されるその臨界濃度よりも低いレベルまで低下させる。
a)水と混和しない有機溶媒中にベシクルを形成するのに適した脂質などの両親媒性物質を混合する
b)固体支持体の存在下で溶媒を除去するか、あるいは乾燥した両親媒性物質またはその混合物が、任意の形態(粉末、顆粒など)で直接用いられうる
c)生理学的に適合する溶液中で工程b)の生成物を生体高分子物質の溶液に取り込む
d)可溶化または分散性を有する有機溶媒を加え、そして
e)工程d)で得られた画分を生体高分子物質の機能を保持する条件下で乾燥する。
この方法は、方法Aの工程a)、b)およびc)も含む。しかし、方法Aの工程d)およびe)は省略される。
方法Cにおいて、方法Aの工程d)は、少なくとも2回繰り返さなければならない凍結融解サイクルに置き換えられる。この工程は、リポソームを製造するための先行技術において周知である。
方法Dは浸透性成分の使用を除外する。方法Dでは、ベシクルの調製、導入される物質の実質的に塩を含まない溶液と混合、および得られたフラクションの共乾燥の工程が含まれる。
方法Eは、上記の方法A〜Dよりも簡単である。それは、リポソーム調製に使用される化合物(脂質酸化防止剤など)を、tert−ブタノールなどの極性プロトン性水混和性溶媒中に溶解する必要がある。次いで、この溶液を、血液因子を含有する水溶液または分散液と混合する。混合は、活性を維持するために必要な最適な体積比で行われる。
−50mMクエン酸ナトリウム
−pH 7.0
−100mMリン脂質 97:3のモル比のパルミトイル−オレオイルホスファチジルコリン(POPC)および1,2−ジステアロイル−sn−グリセロ−3−ホスホエタノールアミン−N−[ポリ(エチレングリコール)−2000](DSPE−PEG 2000)。
実施例1:リポソームの合成
パルミトイル−オレオイルホスファチジルコリン(POPC)およびPEG−2000(PEGの分子量 2000ダルトン)で誘導体化された1,2−ジステアロイル−sn−グリセロ−3−ホスホエタノールアミン−N−[ポリ(エチレングリコール)−2000](DSPE−PEG 2000)から以下のようにして混合脂質を調製した:
POPCの分子量:760.08g/mol
DSPE−2kPEGの分子量:2789.5g/mol
最終調製物は、100mMのリン脂質の濃度を有していた。POPC:DSPE−2kPEGのモル比97:3で脂質の15%w/v混合物を作製した。以下のものを計量し、混合した:
2.04g POPC
0.232g DSPE−2kPEG
14.9mL tert−ブタノール(35℃の水浴中で融解)を、全て100mLのSchottボトルに入れた。
クエン酸緩衝液中において、PEG化リポソームを、Baru等(2005)の方法による上記実施例1に従って製造した。リポソーム製剤は以下の組成を有していた;パルミトイル−オレオイルホスファチジルコリン(POPC)および1,2−ジステアロイル−sn−グリセロ−3−ホスホエタノール−アミン−N−[ポリ(エチレングリコール)−2000](DSPE−PEG2000)の97:3のモル比の混合物を含有するリン脂質100mMを含む、pH7.0の50mMクエン酸ナトリウム。
被験者に、軽度から中等度の血友病Aにおける内因性第VIII因子の効果を増強するために投与する。
投与後0.5、1、2、4、8、12、24、36、48、60、72、84、96、108および120時間。
(i)非クエン酸処理全血:全血凝固アッセイ
血液試料を2つの真空管(2×0.5mL)の間で分割し、完全に水平な位置での流れの中断によって血栓が認められるまで、チューブの定期的かつ慎重なレベリングにより注意深く観察する。血栓の質は、チューブを完全に反転した位置に保持することによって観察される。全血液凝固時間を、サンプル抽出から両方のサンプルの血栓の目視観察までの総時間の平均として記録し、逆位の血栓の質を記録した。
製造者の推奨に従って、止血分析装置モデル5000(Haemoscope Corporation)トロンボエラストグラフを用いて、再石灰化したクエン酸処理全血を用いてTEGを実施する。簡潔には、カオリンを含有する市販の(Teg(登録商標)造血システムカオリン、Haemonetics)バイアルに1mLのクエン酸処理全血を入れる。混合は、カオリン含有バイアルを5回穏やかに反転させることによって確実に行う。ピンおよびカップは、製造者によって推奨される標準的な手順に従ってTEG分析器に配置される。各標準TEGカップを37℃の予熱した器具ホルダーに置き、20μLの塩化カルシウム(0.2M)で満たす。次いで、340μLのカオリン活性化クエン酸処理全血を、360μLの全容量となるように添加する。
Haemachron Jr凝固分析器(International Technidyne Corps.)を製造者の使用説明書に従って使用して、ACTおよびaPTT試験を行う。
FVIII血漿活性は、Coatest Assay(Dia Pharma、West Chester、OH)を用いて決定される。血漿サンプルをアッセイ希釈剤で1:20から1:80に希釈し、製造者の使用説明書に従ってアッセイする。正常な止血参照血漿(american diagnostica inc、Stamford、CT)および精製FVIIIタンパク質を用いて標準曲線を確立する。
血漿サンプル中のFVIII抗原の濃度は、Affinity Biologicals(Ancaster、Ontario、Canada)のVisulize FVIII抗原キットを製造者の使用説明書に従って使用してELISAによって測定する。
ベセスダ(Bethesda)アッセイを、FVIII欠損ヒト血漿中への試験血漿の1:4、1:10および1:20希釈で行う。等量の希釈試験血漿および正常ヒト参照血漿を37℃で2時間インキュベートし、上述のようにaPTTアッセイおよび正常ヒト血漿標準曲線を用いてベセスダ力価を決定した。
クエン酸緩衝液中において、パルミトイル−オレオイルホスファチジルコリン(POPC)および1,2−ジステアロイル−sn−グリセロ−3−ホスホエタノール−アミン−N−[ポリ(エチレングリコール)−2000](DSPE−PEG2000)の混合物を含有するPEG化リポソームを、Baru等(2005)の方法による上記実施例1に従って製造した。
クエン酸緩衝液中において、大豆ホスファチジルコリン(SPC)および1,2−ジステアロイル−sn−グリセロ−3−ホスホエタノール−アミン−N−[ポリ−(エチレングリコール)−2000](DSPE−MPEG 2000)の混合物を含むPEG化リポソームを、Baru等(2005)の方法による上記実施例1に従って製造した。製剤を、局所投与のためのゲルまたはスプレーとして異なる物理的形態を試験するために調製した。
Claims (25)
- 生体適合性親水性ポリマーで誘導体化された両親媒性脂質を約0.5〜20モル%含有するコロイド粒子を含む医薬用組成物であって、
薬学的に活性な薬剤を含まない、組成物。 - 前記コロイド粒子が実質的に中性であり、および前記ポリマーが実質的に正味電荷を有さない、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記コロイド粒子が、約0.03〜約0.4ミクロン(μm)の平均粒径を有する、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記コロイド粒子が約0.1ミクロン(μm)の平均粒径を有する、請求項3に記載の組成物。
- 前記両親媒性脂質が天然または合成源由来のリン脂質である、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 前記両親媒性脂質がホスファチジルエタノールアミン(PE)である、請求項5に記載の組成物。
- 前記両親媒性脂質がカルバメート結合非荷電性リポポリマー(carbamate-linked uncharged lipopolymer)である、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 前記両親媒性脂質がアミノプロパンジオールジステアロイル(DS)である、請求項7に記載の組成物。
- 前記コロイド粒子が、天然または合成源のいずれかから得られた第2の両親媒性脂質をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記第2の両親媒性脂質がホスファチジルコリンである、請求項9に記載の組成物。
- 前記コロイド粒子が、パルミトイル−オレオイルホスファチジルコリン(POPC)および1,2−ジステアロイル−sn−グリセロ−3−ホスホエタノール−アミン(DSPE)を、(POPC:DSPE)=85〜99:15〜1の比で含む、請求項10に記載の組成物。
- 前記POPC:DPSEの比が90〜99:10〜1である、請求項11に記載の組成物。
- 前記POPC:DPSEの比が97:3である、請求項12に記載の組成物。
- コレステロールが補充されてなる、請求項9に記載の組成物。
- 前記生体適合性親水性ポリマーが、ポリアルキルエーテル、ポリ乳酸およびポリグリコール酸からなる群より選択される、請求項1〜14のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 前記生体適合性親水性ポリマーがポリエチレングリコールである、請求項15に記載の組成物。
- 前記ポリエチレングリコールが約500〜約5000ダルトンの分子量を有する、請求項16に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記ポリエチレングリコールが約2000ダルトンの分子量を有する、請求項17に記載の組成物。
- 前記誘導体化された両親媒性脂質が、1,2−ジステアロイル−sn−グリセロ−3−ホスホエタノール−アミン−N−[ポリ−(エチレングリコール)]である、請求項16〜18のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 前記誘導体化された両親媒性脂質が、1,2−ジステアロイル−sn−グリセロ−3−ホスホエタノール−アミン−N−[ポリ−(エチレングリコール)−2000](DSPE−PEG 2000)である、請求項16〜18のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 血液因子疾患、内分泌障害またはホルモン欠乏症の治療に用いられる、請求項1〜20のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 疾患または外傷に罹患している患者の治療方法であって、請求項1〜21のいずれか1項に記載の組成物を、前記患者に投与することを含む、治療方法。
- 前記疾患は、血液因子疾患、内分泌障害またはホルモン欠乏症である、請求項22に記載の治療方法。
- 請求項1〜21のいずれか1項に記載の組成物および投与のための注射用溶液を含有する投与用ビヒクルを含む、パーツのキット。
- 請求項1〜21のいずれか1項に記載の組成物の剤形。
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