JP2018122147A - 滅菌体液収集デバイス及び方法 - Google Patents
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- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B10/00—Other methods or instruments for diagnosis, e.g. instruments for taking a cell sample, for biopsy, for vaccination diagnosis; Sex determination; Ovulation-period determination; Throat striking implements
- A61B10/0045—Devices for taking samples of body liquids
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Abstract
Description
[1001] 本出願は、2012年12月4日に出願された「滅菌体液収集デバイス及び方法(Sterile Bodily-Fluid Collection Device and Methods)」と題する米国仮特許出願第61,733,199号に対する優先権及びその利益を主張し、その出願の開示内容は、全体として参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。
Claims (41)
- 患者から体液サンプルを取得する装置であって、
前記患者から抜き取られる体液の第1体積を受け取るように構成されたプリサンプルリザーバと、
入口ポート、第1出口ポート及び第2出口ポートを含む分流機構であって、前記入口ポートが、患者から体液を受け取るように内腔規定デバイスに結合されるように構成され、前記第1出口ポートが、前記分流機構に前記プリサンプルリザーバを流体的に結合するように構成され、前記第2出口ポートが、前記分流機構にサンプルリザーバを流体的に結合するように構成され、前記分流機構が、前記第1出口ポートを前記入口ポートに流体連通するように配置するように構成された第1流体流路と、前記第2出口ポートを前記入口ポートに流体連通するように配置するように構成された第2流体流路と、を規定する、分流機構と、
前記第1流体流路及び前記第2流体流路に流体連通する流量計量機構であって、体液の第1体積の前記第1流体流路を通る前記プリサンプルリザーバ内への流れを計量し、体液の第2体積の前記第2流体流路を通る前記サンプルリザーバ内への流れを計量するように構成され、前記第1体積及び前記第2体積に関連する体積インジケータを表示するように構成された流量計量機構と、を備える装置。 - 前記体液の第1体積が、第1期間中に前記第1流体流路内で流れ、前記体液の第2体積が、前記第1期間の後、第2期間中に前記第2流体流路内で流れる、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記体液の第1体積が、皮膚に存在する汚染物質を含み、前記体液の第2体積には、皮膚に存在する汚染物質が実質的にない、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記プリサンプルリザーバが、前記分流器機構の一部によって少なくとも部分的に規定される、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記体積インジケータが視覚的インジケータである、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記分流機構が、前記第2出口ポートを通って移動して前記サンプルリザーバを前記第2流体流路に流体連通するように配置するように構成された可動部材を含む、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記流量計量機構が、前記可動部材の一部の中に少なくとも部分的に配置される、請求項6に記載の装置。
- 前記分流機構が、前記血液の第1体積が前記プリサンプルリザーバ内に配置されると、前記プリサンプルリザーバ及び前記第1流体流路の少なくとも一部を流体的に隔離するように構成される、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記分流機構が、第2サンプルリザーバを前記分流機構に流体的に結合するように構成された第3出口ポートを含み、前記第3出口ポートを前記入口ポートに流体連通するように配置するように構成された第3流体流路を規定する、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 第1内腔及び第2内腔を規定する流量コントローラであって、前記第1内腔が前記第1流体流路を前記入口ポートに流体連通するように配置する第1形態と、前記第2内腔が前記第2流体流路を前記入口ポートに流体連通するように配置する第2形態との間で移動するように構成された流量コントローラをさらに備える、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記流量コントローラが、前記体液の第1体積が前記プリサンプルリザーバ内に配置された後、前記第1形態から前記第2形態に移動するように構成される、請求項10に記載の装置。
- 患者から体液サンプルを取得する装置であって、
前記患者から抜き取られる体液の第1体積を受け取るように構成されたプリサンプルリザーバと、
入口ポート、第1出口ポート及び第2出口ポートを含む分流機構であって、前記入口ポートが、患者から体液を受け取るように内腔規定デバイスに結合されるように構成され、前記第1出口ポートが前記プリサンプルリザーバを前記分流機構に流体的に結合するように構成され、前記第2出口ポートが、サンプルリザーバを前記分流機構に流体的に結合するように構成される、分流機構と、
前記分流機構内に少なくとも部分的に配置された流量コントローラであって、前記流量コントローラが前記入口ポートと前記第1出口ポートとの間に流体流路の少なくとも一部を規定する第1形態と、前記流量コントローラが前記入口ポートと前記第2出口ポートとの間に流体流路の少なくとも一部を規定する第2形態との間で移動するように構成された流量コントローラと、
前記分流機構に移動可能に結合された可動部材であって、前記サンプルリザーバが前記入口ポートと前記第2出口ポートとの間の流体流路から流体的に隔離される第1形態と、前記サンプルリザーバが前記入口ポートと前記第2出口ポートとの間の前記流体流路に流体連通する第2形態との間で、前記第2出口ポートを通して移動するように構成され、前記サンプルリザーバが、前記流量コントローラがその第2形態にあり、前記可動部材がその第2形態にある時、前記患者から抜き取られる体液の第2体積を受け取るように構成される、可動部材と、を含む装置。 - 前記体液の第1体積が、皮膚に存在する汚染物質を含み、前記体液の第2体積には、皮膚に存在する汚染物質が実質的にない、請求項12に記載の装置。
- 前記流量コントローラが、前記分流機構に対してその第1形態とその第2形態との間で回転する、請求項12に記載の装置。
- 前記流量コントローラが、前記分流機構に対して線形運動で移動する、請求項12に記載の装置。
- 前記流量コントローラが、その第2形態にある時に、前記プリサンプルリザーバを流体的に隔離するように構成される、請求項12に記載の装置。
- 前記可動部材が、その第2形態にある時、前記サンプルリザーバの一部を穿孔するように構成された穿孔部材を含む、請求項12に記載の装置。
- 前記可動部材が、前記可動部材をその第1形態で少なくとも一時的に維持するように構成された付勢部材に結合されている、請求項12に記載の装置。
- 前記分流機構が、第2サンプルリザーバを前記分流機構に流体的に結合するように構成された第3出口ポートを含む、請求項12に記載の装置。
- 前記可動部材が第1可動部材であり、前記装置が、
第2可動部材であって、前記第2サンプルリザーバが前記入口ポートと前記第3出口ポートとの間に規定された流体流路から流体的に隔離される第1形態と、前記第2サンプルリザーバが前記入口ポートと前記第3出口ポートとの間に規定された前記流体流路に流体連通する第2形態との間で、前記第3出口ポートを通して移動するように構成され、前記第2サンプルリザーバが、前記流量コントローラがその第2形態にあり、前記第2可動部材がその第2形態にある時、前記患者から抜き取られる体液の第3体積を受け取るように構成される、第2可動部材をさらに含む、請求項19に記載の装置。 - 患者から体液サンプルを取得する装置であって、
前記患者から抜き取られる体液の第1体積を受け取るように構成されたプリサンプルリザーバと、
ハウジング及び分配部材を含む分流機構であって、前記ハウジングが第1開口部及び第2開口部を規定し、前記第1開口部が前記プリサンプルリザーバに流体連通しており、前記分配部材が、前記ハウジング内に少なくとも部分的に配置され、かつ前記第2開口に流体連通している流体流路を規定し、前記分配部材が、前記流路に流体連通しかつサンプルリザーバに物理的にかつ流体的に結合されるように構成された結合部分を含む、分流機構と、
前記患者から体液を受け取るように内腔規定デバイスに結合されるように構成された入口ポートを含む流量コントローラであって、前記分流機構に回転可能に結合され、かつ前記入口ポートが前記第1開口部に流体連通する第1形態と、前記入口ポートが前記第2開口部に流体連通する第2形態との間で移動するように構成された流量コントローラと、を備える装置。 - 前記体液の第1体積が、皮膚に存在する汚染物質を含み、前記体液の第2体積には、皮膚に存在する汚染物質が実質的にない、請求項21に記載の装置。
- 前記プリサンプルリザーバが、前記分配部材の一部によって少なくとも部分的に規定される、請求項21に記載の装置。
- 前記結合部分が、前記サンプルリザーバの一部を穿孔して前記サンプルリザーバを前記流体流路に流体連通するように配置するように構成された穿孔部材を含む、請求項21に記載の装置。
- 前記穿孔部材による前記サンプルリザーバの前記一部の前記穿孔が、前記流量コントローラがその第2形態にある時、体液の前記患者から前記入口ポート及び前記流路を通る前記サンプルリザーバ内への流れを開始する、請求項24に記載の装置。
- 前記体液の第1体積が、体液の第1所定体積であり、前記流体流路が、体液の第2所定体積を受け取るように構成され、前記体液の第2所定体積がサンプル体積に関連する、請求項21に記載の装置。
- 前記サンプル体積が、約10ミリリットルと約50ミリリットルとの間である、請求項26に記載の装置。
- 前記サンプル体積が約30ミリリットルである、請求項26に記載の装置。
- 前記分流機構がシール部材を含み、前記流量コントローラが前記分流機構に結合された時に、前記シール部材が、前記流量コントローラの表面及び前記ハウジングの表面と実質的流体密封シールを形成するように、前記ハウジングと前記流量コントローラとの間に配置され、前記シール部材が第1開口部及び第2開口部を規定し、前記シール部材の前記第1開口部が、前記ハウジングの前記第1開口部と実質的に同軸であり、前記シール部材の前記第2開口部が、前記ハウジングの前記第2開口部と実質的に同軸である、請求項21に記載の装置。
- 流量計量移送デバイスを用いて患者から体液の所定サンプル体積を取得する方法であって、前記流量計量移送デバイスが、プリサンプルリザーバ及びサンプルリザーバに流体連通するように選択的に配置されるように構成された入口ポートを含む分流機構と、前記患者からの体液の前記プリサンプルリザーバへの流れ及び前記サンプルリザーバへの流れを計量するように構成された流量計量機構とを含む、方法であり、
前記患者と前記流量計量移送デバイスの前記ポートとの間に流体連通を確立するステップと、
前記ポートと前記プリサンプルリザーバとの間に流体連通を確立するステップと、
前記患者から前記プリサンプルリザーバに移送された体液の流れを計量するステップと、
前記流量計量移送デバイスの前記流量計量機構を介して、前記プリサンプルリザーバ内に配置された体液のプリサンプル体積が体液の所定プリサンプル体積であることを検証するステップと、
前記プリサンプルリザーバを前記ポートから流体的に隔離して、前記プリサンプルリザーバ内で前記体液のプリサンプル体積を封鎖するステップと、
前記ポートと前記サンプルリザーバとの間に流体連通を確立するステップと、
前記患者から前記サンプルリザーバに移送された体液の流れを計量するステップと、
前記流量計量移送デバイスの前記流量計量機構を介して、前記サンプルリザーバ内に配置された体液のサンプル体積が体液の所定サンプル体積であることを検証するステップと、を含む方法。 - 前記流量計量移送デバイスが、前記患者と前記プリサンプルリザーバとの間に流体連通が確立される第1形態と、前記患者と前記サンプルリザーバとの間に流体連通が確立される第2形態との間で移動するように構成された流量コントローラを含む、請求項30に記載の方法。
- 前記体液が血液である、請求項30に記載の方法。
- 前記サンプルリザーバが、好気性菌用培地又は嫌気性菌用培地のうちの少なくとも一方を含む、請求項32に記載の方法。
- 前記所定プリサンプル体積が、約1ミリリットルと約10ミリリットルとの間である、請求項30に記載の方法。
- 前記所定サンプル体積が、約20ミリリットルと約60ミリリットルとの間である、請求項30に記載の方法。
- 前記所定サンプル体積が約60ミリリットルである、請求項30に記載の方法。
- 前記サンプルリザーバが第1サンプルリザーバであり、前記サンプル体積が第1サンプル体積であり、
前記第1サンプルリザーバ内の前記第1サンプル体積が前記所定サンプル体積であることを検証した後、前記ポートと第2サンプルリザーバとの間に流体連通を確立するステップと、
前記患者から前記第2サンプルリザーバに移送された体液の流れを計量するステップと、
前記流量計量移送デバイスの前記流量計量機構を介して、前記第2サンプルリザーバ内に配置された体液の第2サンプル体積が体液の前記所定サンプル体積であることを検証するステップと、をさらに含む、請求項30に記載の方法。 - 前記第1サンプル体積及び前記第2サンプル体積が、まとめて、約20ミリリットルと約60ミリリットルとの間に等しい、請求項37に記載の方法。
- 前記第2サンプルリザーバ内の前記第2サンプル体積が前記所定サンプル体積であることを検証した後、前記ポートと第3サンプルリザーバとの間に流体連通を確立するステップと、
前記患者から前記第3サンプルリザーバに移送された体液の流れを計量するステップと、
前記流量計量移送デバイスの前記流量計量機構を介して、前記第3サンプルリザーバ内に配置された体液の第3サンプル体積が体液の前記所定サンプル体積であることを検証するステップと、をさらに含む、請求項37に記載の方法。 - 前記第1サンプル体積、前記第2サンプル体積及び前記第3サンプル体積が、まとめて、約30ミリリットルと約60ミリリットルとの間に等しい、請求項39に記載の方法。
- 前記第1サンプル体積、前記第2サンプル体積及び前記第3サンプル体積が、まとめて、約60ミリリットルに等しい、請求項39に記載の方法。
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