JP2018107236A - Solar cell module - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily improve an installation utilization of a photovoltaic power generation system.SOLUTION: A solar cell module includes a front surface and a back surface positioned on the side inverse to the front surface. The solar cell module comprises: a light transmissive plate part 1 positioned from the front surface to the back surface in this order; a light transmissive sealing member 2; a solar battery cell C1; a back side sealing member 4; and a first protection layer 5. The back side sealing member 4 includes: a resin as a first base material while being contacted to the solar battery cell C1; and a first color material positioned in the first base material. The first protection layer 5 includes: a resin as a second base material; and a second color material positioned in at least one of the second base material and a surface of the second base material. A light reflection ratio of the back side sealing member 4 is higher than a reflection ratio of the first protection layer 5. A light suction ratio of the first protection layer 5 is higher than that of the back side sealing member 4.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present disclosure relates to a solar cell module.

  The solar power generation system is required to improve the facility utilization rate as in the conventional power generation system. Therefore, for example, a technique has been proposed in which a solar battery cell is heated by energizing the solar battery module from an external power supply device and the snow accumulated on the solar battery module is melted (for example, Patent Document 1). .

JP-A-2015-95535

  About a solar cell module, there is room for improvement at the point which improves the utilization factor of a photovoltaic power generation system easily.

  A solar cell module is disclosed.

  One aspect of the solar cell module has a front surface and a back surface located on the opposite side of the front surface. The solar cell module is positioned in order from the front surface toward the back surface, a translucent plate portion, a translucent sealing material, a solar cell, a back side sealing material, and a first protective layer. And. The back side sealing material is in contact with the solar battery cell, and includes a resin as a first base material and a first color material located in the first base material. The first protective layer includes a resin as a second base material, and a second color material located in at least one of the second base material and the surface of the second base material. The light reflectance of the back side sealing material is higher than the light reflectance of the first protective layer. The light absorption rate of the first protective layer is higher than the light absorption rate of the back side sealing material.

  For example, the facility utilization factor of the solar power generation system can be easily improved.

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a configuration of an example of a solar cell module according to each embodiment. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section of the solar cell module taken along line II-II in FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of the configuration of an example of the photoelectric conversion unit taken along line III-III in FIG. Fig.4 (a) is a top view which shows the structure of an example of a photovoltaic cell. FIG. 4B is a back view showing the configuration of an example of a solar battery cell. FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an example of an operation flow according to the method for manufacturing the solar cell module. FIG. 6A and FIG. 6B are cross-sectional views illustrating a state in the middle of manufacturing the solar cell module. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section taken along line II-II of FIG. 1 in the solar cell module according to the second to fourth embodiments. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section taken along line II-II in FIG. 1 in the solar cell modules according to the fourth and seventh embodiments. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section taken along line II-II of FIG. 1 in the solar cell module according to the fifth embodiment. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section taken along line II-II of FIG. 1 in the solar cell module according to the sixth embodiment. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section taken along line II-II of FIG. 1 in the solar cell module according to the eighth embodiment. FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section taken along the line II-II of FIG. 1 in the solar cell module according to the eighth embodiment. FIG. 13: is sectional drawing which shows the cross section along the II-II line | wire of FIG. 1 in the solar cell module which concerns on 9th Embodiment.

  In the photovoltaic power generation system, when snow is accumulated on the solar cell module, the facility utilization rate decreases. In order to solve such a problem, for example, it is conceivable to cause the solar battery cells to generate heat by energizing the solar battery module from an external power supply device and to melt snow accumulated on the solar battery module.

  By the way, in order to realize energization for generating heat in the solar battery cell, for example, installation of an external power supply device and supply of electric power required for energization have been required. For this reason, for example, the installation of an external power supply apparatus causes an increase in the size of the photovoltaic power generation system and an increase in power consumption required for energization.

  Therefore, the inventors of the present application have created a technology that can easily improve the facility utilization rate of the photovoltaic power generation system for the solar cell module.

  Hereinafter, various embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, parts having similar configurations and functions are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted in the following description. The drawings are schematically shown. A right-handed XYZ coordinate system is attached to FIGS. 1 to 4B and FIGS. 6A to 13. In the XYZ coordinate system, the direction along the long side of the front surface 100fs of the solar cell module 100 is the + X direction, the direction along the short side of the front surface 100fs is the + Y direction, and both the + X direction and the + Y direction are both The direction orthogonal to is the + Z direction.

<1. First Embodiment>
<1-1. Configuration of solar cell module>
As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the solar cell module 100 includes a surface (also referred to as a front surface) 100 fs that mainly receives light, and a surface (also referred to as a back surface) 100 bs positioned on the opposite side of the front surface 100 fs. And has a plate-like outer shape. The back surface 100bs receives less light than the front surface 100fs.

  The solar cell module 100 includes, for example, a translucent plate portion 1, a translucent sealing material 2, a photoelectric conversion unit 3, a back side sealing material 4, and a first protective layer 5. Here, the translucent plate part 1, the translucent sealing material 2, the photoelectric conversion part 3, the back side sealing material 4, and the first protective layer 5 are directed from the front surface 100fs to the back surface 100bs. They are located in this order. In the example of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the translucent board part 1, the translucent sealing material 2, the photoelectric conversion part 3, the back side sealing material 4, and the 1st protective layer 5 are in this order- They are stacked in the Z direction.

<1-1-1. Translucent plate>
The translucent plate portion 1 is a plate-like member having translucency. The translucent plate part 1 has translucency with respect to light of a wavelength in a specific range, for example. “Translucency with respect to light of a specific range of wavelengths” refers to the property that light of a specific range of wavelengths can be transmitted. As the wavelength in the specific range, for example, a wavelength of light that can be photoelectrically converted by the photoelectric conversion unit 3 is employed.

  As the translucent plate portion 1, for example, a glass plate having a thickness of about 0.8 mm to 4.5 mm, or a resin plate such as an acrylic resin or polycarbonate having a thickness of about 3 mm to 5 mm is employed. The At this time, the translucent plate part 1 has water shielding properties. Here, as the glass, for example, white tempered glass, chemically tempered glass, air-cooled tempered glass or float glass is employed.

<1-1-2. Translucent sealing material>
The translucent sealing material 2 is a translucent sealing material that seals the photoelectric conversion unit 3 from the front surface 100fs side. The translucent sealing material 2 has translucency with respect to light having a wavelength in a specific range, for example. For this reason, the light irradiated on the front surface 100 fs of the solar cell module 100 passes through the translucent plate portion 1 and the translucent sealing material 2 and enters the photoelectric conversion portion 3. Thereby, in the photoelectric conversion part 3, the electric power generation by photoelectric conversion can be implement | achieved. Moreover, the translucent sealing material 2 has a role which hold | maintains the photoelectric conversion part 3, in addition to the role as a sealing material, for example. In the example of FIG. 2, the translucent sealing material 2 is filled between the translucent plate portion 1 and the photoelectric conversion portion 3.

  The translucent sealing material 2 has a thickness of about 0.3 mm to 0.8 mm, for example. As a raw material of the translucent sealing material 2, for example, an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) is employed. Examples of the material of the translucent sealing material 2 include polyethylene, polyvinyl butyral, ethylene / vinyl alcohol copolymer, ethylene α-olefin copolymer, ethylene unsaturated silane compound, silane-modified resin, acrylic resin, and polypropylene. One kind of resin or a material containing at least one kind of those resins may be adopted.

<1-1-3. Photoelectric converter>
As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, the photoelectric conversion unit 3 includes one or more solar cells C1. In the example of FIGS. 1 to 3, the photoelectric conversion unit 3 includes a plurality of solar cells C1 and a wiring member Tb1 that electrically connects the plurality of solar cells C1. Specifically, the photoelectric conversion unit 3 includes, for example, a plurality (here, six) solar cell strings SS1. Here, the solar cell string SS1 is configured by, for example, a plurality of solar cells C1 and a wiring material Tb1 that electrically connects the plurality of solar cells C1. In the example of FIGS. 1 to 3, each solar cell string SS1 includes seven solar cells C1 and a plurality of wiring members Tb1 that electrically connect the solar cells C1 adjacent to each other. And.

  The solar battery cell C1 can convert incident sunlight into electricity by photoelectric conversion. As shown in FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B, the solar cell C1 includes, for example, a first element surface C1f, a second element surface C1b located on the back side of the first element surface C1f, have. Here, for example, the first element surface C1f is a surface that mainly receives light for performing photoelectric conversion. The second element surface C1b is a surface that does not receive light for performing photoelectric conversion than the first element surface C1f. In the example of FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B, each solar cell C1 is also referred to as, for example, a semiconductor substrate C1s, a front side bus bar electrode Ce1, a finger electrode Ce2, and an extraction electrode (back side bus bar electrode). ) Ce3 and current collecting electrode Ce4.

  The semiconductor substrate C1s includes, for example, a crystalline semiconductor such as crystalline silicon, an amorphous semiconductor such as amorphous silicon, a compound semiconductor using four elements of copper, indium, gallium, and selenium, or cadmium tellurium ( A compound semiconductor using CdTe) can be applied. Specifically, the semiconductor substrate C1s mainly includes a region having one conductivity type and a reverse conductivity type layer. The reverse conductivity type layer is located, for example, on the first element surface C1f side of the semiconductor substrate C1s and has a conductivity type opposite to the one conductivity type of the semiconductor substrate C1s. Further, for example, an insulating layer is located in a region where the front-side bus bar electrode Ce1 and the finger electrode Ce2 are not formed on the reverse conductivity type layer.

  For example, the front side bus bar electrode Ce1 and the finger electrode Ce2 are located on the surface of the semiconductor substrate C1s on the first element surface C1f side. In the example of FIG. 4A, two substantially parallel surface-side busbar electrodes Ce1 are located on the first element surface C1f side, and a plurality of substantially parallel finger electrodes Ce2 are arranged on the two surface sides. It is located so as to be substantially orthogonal to the bus bar electrode Ce1.

  The back side bus bar electrode Ce3 and the current collecting electrode Ce4 are located on the back side on the second element surface C1b side of the semiconductor substrate C1s, for example. In the example of FIG. 4B, two rows of back-side bus bar electrodes Ce3 are positioned along two substantially parallel virtual lines on the second element surface C1b side. Further, the back side bus bar electrode Ce3 is not formed except for the part where the current collecting electrode Ce4 is connected by overlapping the back side bus bar electrode Ce3 and the current collecting electrode Ce4 on the second element surface C1b side. It is located on almost the entire area. Each of the two rows of back-side busbar electrodes Ce3 is composed of, for example, four electrodes arranged in a row.

  The wiring member Tb1 electrically connects the front side bus bar electrode Ce1 of the first solar cell C1 and the back side bus bar electrode Ce3 of the second solar cell C1 adjacent to the first solar cell C1. doing. Thereby, for example, the seven solar cells C1 included in each solar cell string SS1 can be electrically connected in series. In the example of FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B, the outer edge of the wiring member Tb1 attached to each solar cell C1 is drawn with a two-dot chain line. In addition, the wiring material Tb1 is, for example, a metal having linear or belt-like conductivity. As the wiring material Tb1, for example, a copper foil having a thickness of about 0.1 mm to 0.2 mm and a width of about 1 mm to 2 mm is coated with solder. The wiring material Tb1 is electrically connected to the front-side bus bar electrode Ce1 and the back-side bus bar electrode Ce3, for example, by soldering. In the example of FIG. 1, the solar cell strings SS1 adjacent in the + Y direction are electrically connected by a connecting member Tb2. For example, the connection member Tb2 has a configuration equivalent to that of the wiring member Tb1.

  For example, wiring members W1 and W2 for extracting output are electrically connected to the photoelectric conversion unit 3. For example, the wiring members W1 and W2 have the same configuration as the wiring member Tb1. As the wiring materials W1 and W2, for example, a material such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) coated with a coating material in which an adhesive is applied to a film having insulating properties and high weather resistance may be used. The wiring members W1 and W2 can be led out onto the back surface 100bs through a through hole provided in the first protective layer 5, for example.

<1-1-4. Back side sealing material>
The back side sealing material 4 is a sealing material that seals the photoelectric conversion unit 3 from the back surface 100bs side. Here, the back side sealing material 4 is in contact with, for example, the solar battery cell C <b> 1 constituting the photoelectric conversion unit 3. Thereby, the back side sealing material 4 holds the photoelectric conversion part 3. In the example of FIG. 2, the back side sealing material 4 is filled between the photoelectric conversion unit 3 and the first protective layer 5.

  Moreover, the back side sealing material 4 includes, for example, a resin as a base material (also referred to as a first base material) and a color material (also referred to as a first color material) located in the first base material. Contains. Specifically, the back-side sealing material 4 is, for example, a first base material and an additive that is positioned in the first base material and includes the first color material as a main component (also referred to as a first additive). And. The main component indicates the main component constituting the substance. In the present disclosure, the main component indicates the largest component among the components constituting the substance. The back side sealing material 4 has a thickness of about 0.2 mm to 0.6 mm, for example.

  As the resin constituting the first base material, for example, a resin having translucency such as ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) is employed. The resin constituting the first base material is, for example, polyethylene, polyvinyl butyral, ethylene / vinyl alcohol copolymer, ethylene α-olefin copolymer, ethylene unsaturated silane compound, silane-modified resin, acrylic resin, and polypropylene. Or at least one kind of those resins may be included.

  As the first color material, for example, a white pigment of titanium oxide (also referred to as titanium white) is employed. The first color material has, for example, an average particle diameter of about 0.25 μm to 1.5 μm. If the concentration of the first color material in the back side sealing material 4 is set to, for example, about 5% by mass or more, the light reflectance at the interface between the translucent sealing material 2 and the back side sealing material 4 increases. obtain. Thereby, for example, when there is no snow on the front surface 100fs, the light reaching the backside sealing material 4 out of the light irradiated to the front surface 100fs of the solar cell module 100 is converted into the backside sealing material 4 and the translucent plate. Multiple reflections with the unit 1 are made and incident on the photoelectric conversion unit 3. Thereby, for example, in the solar cell module 100, the ratio of the electric energy obtained by the photoelectric conversion in the photoelectric conversion unit 3 based on the energy of the light irradiated to the front surface 100fs (also referred to as the conversion efficiency). Say) can be improved. Therefore, the amount of power generation in the solar cell module 100 can be increased.

  Moreover, if the density | concentration of the 1st color material in the back side sealing material 4 is set to about 30 mass% or less, for example, it will be hard to produce a crack in the photovoltaic cell C1. The first color material is, for example, a pigment of zinc oxide, lead carbonate, barium sulfate, calcium carbonate, or the like that can reflect light instead of or together with titanium oxide, or an inorganic substance thereof. May contain at least one kind of pigment.

<1-1-5. First protective layer>
The 1st protective layer 5 is a layer which protects the photoelectric conversion part 3 from the back surface 100bs side. In the example of FIG. 2, the 1st protective layer 5 is a back sheet which comprises the back surface 100bs. The back sheet has a thickness of about 0.3 mm to 0.5 mm, for example.

  The first protective layer 5 includes, for example, a resin as a base material (also referred to as a second base material) and a color material (also referred to as a second color material) located in the second base material. Contains. Specifically, the first protective layer 5 includes a second base material and an additive (also referred to as a second additive) that is located in the second base material and contains the second color material as a main component. Is included. Here, due to the presence of the first color material, for example, the light reflectance (also referred to as the first reflectance) in the back-side sealing material 4 is also referred to as the light reflectance (also referred to as the second reflectance) in the first protective layer 5. ) Is higher than Further, due to the presence of the second color material, for example, the light absorption rate (also referred to as the second absorption rate) in the first protective layer 5 is higher than the light absorption rate (also referred to as the first absorption rate) in the back side sealing material 4. ) Is higher.

  The resin constituting the second base material includes, for example, one kind of resins of polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), or at least one kind of these resins. Yes. The first protective layer 5 may be either a kind of resin layer or a layer in which two or more kinds of resins are laminated.

  As the second color material, for example, carbon-based fine particle powder (also referred to as carbon black) is employed. For example, the second color material has an average particle diameter of about 0.1 μm to 1 μm. If the concentration of the second color material in the first protective layer 5 is set to about 0.5% by mass or more, for example, the light absorption rate (second absorption rate) in the first protective layer 5 is backside sealed. It can be higher than the light absorption rate (first absorption rate) in the material 4. Here, for example, the first protective layer 5 can receive light applied to the back surface 100bs. For this reason, it becomes easy for the 1st protective layer 5 to absorb the light irradiated to the back surface 100bs. In this case, for example, when the snow is piled up on the front surface 100fs, the back light 100bs of the solar cell module 100 is irradiated with the reflected light reflected from the surface of the snow piled up on the ground. At this time, the reflected light is absorbed by the second color material of the first protective layer 5. As a result, for example, the temperature of the solar cell module 100 increases, and the snow on the front surface 100fs is likely to fall. Therefore, by using the solar cell module 100, it is possible to easily improve the facility utilization rate of the solar power generation system.

  If the concentration of the second color material in the first protective layer 5 is set to about 3% by mass or less, for example, an increase in the conductivity of the first protective layer 5 can be suppressed. Thereby, in the solar cell module 100, a leakage current through the first protective layer 5 is hardly generated. As the second colorant, instead of carbon black, for example, at least one of pigments such as graphite, copper oxide, manganese dioxide, aniline black, titanium black, chromium oxide, ultramarine and bitumen, or an inorganic substance thereof is used. You may use the powder of the fine particle which consists of a kind of pigment. The second color material may be a mixture of a plurality of materials. Further, as the second color material, for example, a silicon carbide vapor deposition film or the like may be used. In this case, the second color material is disposed on the surface of the second base material. Therefore, in the 1st protective layer 5, the 2nd color material should just be located in at least one of the surface of a 2nd preform | base_material and a 2nd preform | base_material.

  By the way, the light reflectance (first reflectance) R4 and the absorptance (first absorptance A4) in the back side sealing material 4 and the light reflectance (the second reflectance) R5 and the absorption in the first protective layer 5 are absorbed. Each of the rates (second absorption rate A5) can be measured by, for example, a spectrophotometer (U-4100 Spectrophotometer) manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd. At this time, the measurement sample for measuring the first reflectance R4 is cut out from the back-side sealing material 4 in a specific shape set in advance, for example. In addition, a measurement sample for measuring the second reflectance R5 is cut out from the first protective layer 5 in a specific shape set in advance, for example. The specific shape should just have a front and back of 5 cm square, for example.

  The light absorption rate (first absorption rate) A4 in the back side sealing material 4 can be calculated by measuring the transmittance T4 in the back side sealing material 4 and using the following equation (1).

  A4 = 1-R4-T4 (1).

  The light absorption rate (second absorption rate) A5 in the first protective layer 5 can be calculated by measuring the transmittance T5 in the first protective layer 5 and using the following equation (2).

  A5 = 1-R5-T5 (2).

  Here, when thickness differs between the back side sealing material 4 and the 1st protective layer 5, and the measurement sample, it measured from the measurement sample according to the thickness of the back side sealing material 4, for example. The first reflectance R4 and the first absorption rate A4 may be corrected by calculation. Here, as the first reflectance R4, the second reflectance R5, the first absorption rate A4, and the second absorption rate A5, for example, measured values and calculated values for light having a wavelength of 600 nm are employed as representative values. obtain.

<1-2. Manufacturing method of solar cell module>
Next, an example of the manufacturing method of the solar cell module 100 is demonstrated based on FIG.5, FIG.6 (a) and FIG.6 (b). Here, the solar cell module 100 can be manufactured by sequentially performing the first step ST1 to the third step ST3 shown in FIG.

  For example, in the first step ST1, each part constituting the solar cell module 100 is manufactured. Specifically, in the first step ST1, as shown in FIG. 6A, for example, a translucent plate portion 1, a first sheet 2Sh that becomes a translucent sealing material 2, and a photoelectric conversion portion. 3, the second sheet 4Sh to be the back side sealing material 4 and the back sheet 5Sh to be the first protective layer 5 are manufactured.

  Here, for example, the material constituting the translucent sealing material 2 is put into a mixing roll or the like, melted and kneaded, and then molded into a sheet shape, whereby the first sheet 2Sh can be manufactured. In addition, for example, the second sheet 4Sh can be manufactured by putting the material constituting the back side sealing material 4 into a mixing roll or the like, melt-kneading, and then molding the sheet into a sheet shape. Further, for example, the back sheet 5Sh can be manufactured by putting the material constituting the first protective layer 5 into a mixing roll or the like and melt-kneading the material, followed by molding into a sheet shape. Here, as a method of forming the melt-kneaded material into a sheet shape, for example, a calendar molding method, an extrusion molding method, an injection molding method, a hot pressing method, or the like is employed. In the calendar molding method, the melt-kneaded material can be molded into a sheet by being rolled by a heating roll.

  In the second step ST2, a stacked body 100st as shown in FIG. 6B is formed. The stacked body 100st includes the translucent plate part 1, the first sheet 2Sh, the photoelectric conversion part 3, the second sheet 4Sh, and the back sheet 5Sh. Here, as shown in FIG. 6A to FIG. 6B, for example, the second sheet 4Sh, the photoelectric conversion unit 3, the first sheet 2Sh, and the translucent layer are formed on the back sheet 5Sh. By laminating the plate portion 1 in this order, the stacked body 100st is formed. In addition, for example, the first sheet 2Sh, the photoelectric conversion unit 3, the second sheet 4Sh, and the back sheet 5Sh are stacked in this order on the translucent plate unit 1, thereby forming the stacked body 100st. May be.

  In the third step ST3, for example, the translucent plate unit 1, the first sheet 2Sh, the photoelectric conversion unit 3, the second sheet 4Sh, and the back sheet 5Sh are integrated by a laminating device (laminator). Processing (also referred to as laminating) is performed. In the laminating process, for example, the first sheet 2Sh and the second sheet 4Sh are filled so as to cover the photoelectric conversion unit 3 between the translucent plate unit 1 and the back sheet 5Sh. And it becomes the back side sealing material 4. Thereby, the solar cell module 100 as shown in FIG. 2 can be completed.

<1-3. Summary of First Embodiment>
In the solar cell module 100 according to the first embodiment, for example, when there is no snow on the front surface 100fs, the light reaching the backside sealing material 4 among the light irradiated on the front surface 100fs is due to the presence of the first color material. Multiple reflections occur between the back-side sealing material 4 and the translucent plate portion 1, and the light enters the solar battery cell C1. For this reason, the electric power generation amount in the solar cell module 100 increases. Further, for example, when snow is piled up on the front surface 100fs, the reflected light reflected by the surface of the snow piled up on the ground is irradiated on the back surface 100bs of the solar cell module 100. At this time, the reflected light is absorbed by the second color material of the first protective layer 5. As a result, for example, the temperature of the solar cell module 100 increases, and the snow on the front surface 100fs is likely to fall. Therefore, by applying the solar cell module 100 to the solar power generation system, it is possible to lengthen the time for the solar cell module 100 to generate power, and thus it is possible to easily improve the equipment utilization rate of the solar power generation system.

<2. Other embodiments>
The present disclosure is not limited to the above-described first embodiment, and various changes and improvements can be made without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

<2-1. Second Embodiment>
In the first embodiment, for example, as shown in FIG. 7, a back side filling layer 5fA as the first protective layer 5A is employed instead of the back sheet 5Sh as the first protective layer 5, and the first protection The second protective layer 6 may be added on the side opposite to the front surface 100fs of the layer 5A. In the example of FIG. 7, the solar cell module 100 </ b> A according to the second embodiment includes a translucent plate portion 1, a translucent sealing material 2, a photoelectric conversion unit 3, a back side sealing material 4, and a first. 5 A of protective layers and the 2nd protective layer 6 have the structure laminated | stacked on the -Z direction in this order.

  The second protective layer 6 is a light-transmitting plate-like member (also referred to as a back-side light-transmitting plate portion), similar to the light-transmitting plate portion 1. As the second protective layer 6, for example, a glass plate having a thickness of about 0.8 mm to 3.2 mm, or a resin plate such as an acrylic resin or polycarbonate having a thickness of about 3 mm to 5 mm is employed. . At this time, the second protective layer 6 has water shielding properties. Here, as the glass, for example, white tempered glass, chemically tempered glass, air-cooled tempered glass or float glass is employed. At this time, since the second protective layer 6 is present, the thickness of the translucent plate portion 1 is set to, for example, about 0.8 mm to 3.2 mm. The second protective layer 6 constitutes the back surface 100bs. For this reason, the light irradiated to the back surface 100bs passes through the second protective layer 6 and is irradiated to the first protective layer 5A.

  The first protective layer 5A is a layer that protects the photoelectric conversion unit 3 from the back surface 100bs side. The first protective layer 5A has a thickness of about 0.2 mm to 0.6 mm, for example. The first protective layer 5A is, for example, similar to the first protective layer 5 according to the first embodiment, the resin as the second base material, and at least the surface of the second base material and in the second base material And a second color material located on one side. Specifically, for example, the second color material is a main material of the second additive located in the second base material or a color material located on the surface of the second base material. Here, due to the presence of the first color material, for example, the light reflectance (first reflectance) in the back-side sealing material 4 is higher than the light reflectance (second reflectance) in the first protective layer 5A. It has become. Here, due to the presence of the second color material, for example, the light absorption rate (second absorption rate) in the first protective layer 5 </ b> A is higher than the light absorption rate (first absorption rate) in the back-side sealing material 4. Is high.

  For example, a material similar to the material that can be employed as the material of the translucent sealing material 2 can be applied to the material of the resin as the second base material of the first protective layer 5A. Specifically, for example, EVA is adopted as the resin material as the second base material of the first protective layer 5A. Examples of the material of the resin as the second base material of the first protective layer 5A include, for example, polyethylene, polyvinyl butyral, ethylene / vinyl alcohol copolymer, acrylic resin and polypropylene, or at least one of those resins. A material containing a kind of resin may be applied.

  As the second additive located in the second base material of the first protective layer 5A, for example, the same additive as the second additive of the first protective layer 5 according to the first embodiment can be applied. . For example, carbon black is used as the second color material. For example, the second color material has an average particle diameter of about 0.1 μm to 1 μm. If the concentration of the second color material in the first protective layer 5A is set to, for example, about 0.5% by mass or more, the light absorption rate (second absorption rate) in the first protective layer 5A is backside sealed. It can be higher than the light absorption rate (first absorption rate) in the material 4.

  Here, for example, the first protective layer 5 </ b> A can receive light applied to the back surface 100 bs via the second protective layer 6. For this reason, 5 A of 1st protective layers are easy to absorb the light irradiated to the back surface 100bs. In this case, for example, when snow is piled up on the front surface 100fs, reflected light reflected by the surface of the snow piled up on the ground is irradiated on the back surface 100bs of the solar cell module 100A. At this time, the reflected light is absorbed by the second color material of the first protective layer 5A. As a result, for example, the temperature of the solar cell module 100A increases, and the snow on the front surface 100fs is likely to fall. Therefore, even if the solar cell module 100A according to the second embodiment is employed, the facility utilization rate of the solar power generation system can be easily improved.

  Further, here, if the concentration of the second color material in the first protective layer 5A is set to about 30% by mass or less, for example, the bubbles of the first protective layer 5A during the laminating process are deteriorated due to a decrease in fluidity. Residues are difficult to occur. As the second color material, for example, the light absorption rate (second absorption rate) in the first protective layer 5 </ b> A is used instead of carbon black or together with the carbon black. Other fine particle powders that can be higher than the absorption rate) may be employed. The fine particle powder includes, for example, one kind of pigments such as graphite, copper oxide, manganese dioxide, aniline black, titanium black, chromium oxide, ultramarine, and bitumen, or at least one kind of inorganic pigments. May be.

  Here, for example, the translucent plate 1, the first sheet 2 Sh (see FIGS. 6A and 6B) that becomes the translucent sealing material 2, the photoelectric conversion unit 3, and the like The second sheet 4Sh to be the back side sealing material 4 (see FIG. 6A and FIG. 6B), the third sheet to be the first protective layer 5A, and the back side transparent to be the second protective layer 6 The solar cell module 100A according to the second embodiment is manufactured by laminating the optical plate portion and performing a laminating process.

<2-2. Third Embodiment>
In each said embodiment, the filler which has higher heat conductivity than any of a 1st coloring material and a 1st preform | base_material is located in the 1st preform | base_material for the back side sealing material 4, for example. You may change to the back side sealing material 4B. Here, for example, a configuration in which a large number of fillers are dispersed in the first base material of the back-side sealing material 4B is employed. In this case, for example, heat corresponding to the absorption of light in the first protective layers 5 and 5A is transmitted through the back-side sealing material 4B having an increased thermal conductivity and the translucent sealing material. It becomes easy to be transmitted to the optical plate part 1. Thereby, for example, since the temperature of the translucent plate portion 1 is likely to increase, the snow on the front surface 100fs is likely to fall.

  In the example of FIG. 2, the solar cell module 100B1 according to the third embodiment includes a translucent plate portion 1, a translucent sealing material 2, a photoelectric conversion portion 3, a back side sealing material 4B, and a first. The protective layer 5 and the protective layer 5 are stacked in this order in the −Z direction. Moreover, in the example of FIG. 7, the solar cell module 100B2 according to the third embodiment includes a translucent plate portion 1, a translucent sealing material 2, a photoelectric conversion portion 3, a back side sealing material 4B, The first protective layer 5A and the second protective layer 6 are stacked in this order in the −Z direction.

  Here, for example, aluminum nitride (AlN) is employed as the filler material located in the first base material of the back side sealing material 4B. The average particle diameter of the filler is set to, for example, about 0.25 μm to 1.5 μm. Moreover, the density | concentration of the filler in the back side sealing material 4B is set to about 5 mass% to 30 mass%. The concentration of the filler and the first color material may be set to 30% by mass or less. Thereby, for example, an increase in the thermal conductivity in the back-side sealing material 4B and the suppression of the occurrence of cracks in the solar battery cell C1 are realized with a good balance. For example, silicon carbide (SiC) or the like may be applied instead of AlN as the filler material positioned in the first base material of the back side sealing material 4B.

<2-3. Fourth Embodiment>
In each said embodiment, the 2nd protective layers 6 and 6C which have insulation and translucency are located in the back surface 100bs side which is the opposite side to the front surface 100fs of the 1st protective layers 5 and 5A, for example. It may be.

  In the example of FIG. 8, the solar cell module 100 </ b> C according to the fourth embodiment includes a translucent plate portion 1, a translucent sealing material 2, a photoelectric conversion unit 3, and a back side sealing material 4 (4 </ b> B). The first protective layer 5 and the second protective layer 6C are stacked in this order in the −Z direction. Here, as a material of the second protective layer 6C, for example, transparent polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is employed. In this case, for example, when the back sheet 5Sh as the first protective layer 5 is formed, the second protective layer 6C can be formed by covering the surface of the back sheet 5Sh with the second protective layer 6C. Moreover, 100 A of solar cell modules which concern on 2nd Embodiment shown by FIG. 7 are the translucent board part 1, the translucent sealing material 2, the photoelectric conversion part 3, and the back side sealing material 4 (4B). ), The first protective layer 5A, and the second protective layer 6 are stacked in this order in the -Z direction.

  In such a configuration, for example, the surface on the back surface side of the first protective layer 5 (5A) is covered with the second protective layer 6C (6). Therefore, the electricity on the back surface 100bs side of the solar cell module 100C (100A) Increases insulation. At this time, for example, even if the electrical conductivity of the first protective layer 5 (5A) is increased by using carbon black as the second color material of the first protective layer 5 (5A), it has electrical insulation. The presence of the second protective layer 6C (6) can suppress the occurrence of leakage current. In addition, for example, when the second protective layer 6C (6) is formed using glass, the heat emissivity of the glass is low, and thus heat radiation at the back surface 100bs of the solar cell module 100A (100C) is suppressed. . Thereby, for example, the solar cell module 100A (100C) can be efficiently heated.

<2-4. Fifth Embodiment>
In the second embodiment to the fourth embodiment, for example, as shown in FIG. 9, the third protective layer 7 is inserted between the back-side sealing materials 4 and 4B and the first protective layer 5A. May be. In the example of FIG. 9, the solar cell module 100D according to the fifth embodiment has a configuration in which the back-side sealing material 4 (4B), the third protective layer 7, and the first protective layer 5A are sequentially stacked. Have. And here, for example, the material of the third protective layer 7 is the back side sealing material 4 (4B) at a temperature at which the material of the back side sealing material 4 (4B) and the material of the first protective layer 5A are melted. And it has the property which is harder to flow than any material of the first protective layer 5A. For example, when the material of the third protective layer 7 is a resin, the melt flow rate (Melt Flow Rate: MFR) of the material of the third protective layer 7 is such that the back side sealing materials 4 and 4B and the first protective layer 5A. A mode lower than the MFR of any of these materials is conceivable. The MFR is one of the measures indicating the fluidity of a resin in a solution state, for example. A material having a larger MFR value has higher fluidity and better workability at the time of melting. In addition, MFR can be measured by the measuring method based on JISK7210.

  If such a configuration is employed, for example, when the solar cell module 100D is manufactured, when the plurality of layers are integrated by the laminating process, due to the presence of the third protective layer 7, the back side sealing materials 4, 4B and The boundary with the first protective layer 5A is unlikely to be unclear. Thereby, for example, the first protective layer 5A is unlikely to be seen from the front surface 100fs side. That is, the reflectance of light at the interface between the translucent sealing material 2 and the back-side sealing materials 4 and 4B can be increased. Thereby, for example, when there is no snow on the front surface 100fs, light reaching the backside sealing materials 4 and 4B out of the light irradiated to the front surface 100fs of the solar cell module 100 is transmitted to the backside sealing material 4 and the translucent light. It is easy to be incident on the photoelectric conversion unit 3 due to multiple reflection with the conductive plate unit 1.

  Here, as the third protective layer 7, for example, a film made of polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), or polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) having a thickness of about 0.3 mm to 0.5 mm. Can be employed. The material of the third protective layer 7 may be the same material as the back sheet 5Sh, for example. Moreover, the 3rd protective layer 7 may be comprised with the raw material which does not fuse | melt at the temperature of a lamination process, for example. Specifically, a thin glass plate or the like may be employed as the third protective layer 7.

<2-5. Sixth Embodiment>
In the second to fifth embodiments, for example, as shown in FIG. 10, for example, the second protective layer 6 is in contact with the first protective layer 5A (also referred to as an uneven surface) 6sE. May be changed to the second protective layer 6E having irregularities. In the example of FIG. 10, the second protective layer 6E of the solar cell module 100E according to the sixth embodiment has an uneven surface 6sE that is in contact with the first protective layer 5A.

  If such a configuration is adopted, for example, the surface located on the back surface 100bs side of the first protective layer 5A has a concavo-convex shape along the concavo-convex surface 6sE by the laminating process at the time of manufacturing the solar cell module 100E. The surface (also referred to as an uneven surface) can be 5 sE. As a result, the first protective layer 5A has a concavo-convex surface 5sE located on the back surface 100bs side. In this case, the surface area of the concavo-convex surface 5sE located on the back surface 100bs side of the first protective layer 5A is increased. Thereby, for example, the first protective layer 5 </ b> A can obtain a larger amount of heat according to the irradiation of light to the back surface 100 bs. As a result, for example, the solar cell module 100E can be easily heated.

  Here, for example, when the second protective layer 6E is manufactured, the material that becomes the second protective layer 6E in a semi-molten state is formed by a roll subjected to embossing, whereby the second protective layer 6E. The uneven surface 6sE can be formed. Here, for example, a mode in which the concavo-convex surface 6sE has a plurality of dents aligned at predetermined intervals is conceivable. Here, as each dent, for example, a substantially diamond-shaped dent having a rounded corner with a diameter of about 0.5 mm to 0.8 mm is adopted. Further, for example, a value of about 1 mm to 1.2 mm is adopted as the predetermined interval.

<2-6. Seventh Embodiment>
In the first, third, and fourth embodiments, for example, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 8, the surface of the first protective layer 5 on the back surface 100bs side is an uneven surface (uneven surface). It may also be changed to the first protective layer 5F changed to 5Fu. In the example of FIGS. 2 and 8, the first protective layer 5F of the solar cell module 100F according to the seventh embodiment has an uneven surface 5Fu located on the back surface 100bs side.

  Here, for example, when the back sheet 5ShF to be the first protective layer 5F is formed, the uneven surface 5Fu can be formed by mat processing. The mat treatment is a treatment for forming irregularities on the surface of the film by projecting fine sand onto the surface of the resin film by, for example, sandblasting. According to this mat treatment, for example, the uneven surface 5Fu of the backsheet 5ShF becomes a matte surface, the light reflectance on the uneven surface 5Fu is reduced, and the surface area of the uneven surface 5Fu is increased. Thereby, for example, the first protective layer 5F can obtain a larger amount of heat according to the irradiation of light to the back surface 100bs. As a result, for example, the solar cell module 100F can be easily heated.

<2-7. Eighth Embodiment>
In the fourth embodiment to the seventh embodiment, for example, the antireflection layer 8 may be provided to cover the surface on the back surface 100bs side of the second protective layers 6, 6C, 6E. In the example of FIG. 11, the solar cell module 100G1 according to the eighth embodiment includes a translucent plate portion 1, a translucent sealing material 2, a photoelectric conversion portion 3, and a back side sealing material 4 (4B). The first protective layer 5 (5F), the second protective layer 6C, and the antireflection layer 8 are stacked in this order in the -Z direction. In the example of FIG. 12, the solar cell module 100G2 according to the eighth embodiment includes a translucent plate portion 1, a translucent sealing material 2, a photoelectric conversion portion 3, and a back side sealing material 4 (4B). The first protective layer 5A, the second protective layer 6, and the antireflection layer 8 are stacked in this order in the -Z direction.

  Here, as a material of the antireflection layer 8, for example, silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, silicon nitride, or the like can be employed. The antireflection layer 8 is formed using, for example, a PECVD method or a sputtering method. The refractive index and thickness of the antireflection layer 8 are such that, of sunlight, light in a wavelength range that can pass through the second protective layers 6, 6C, and 6E and be absorbed by the first protective layers 5, 5A, and 5F. The value can be appropriately set to a value capable of realizing a condition with a low reflectance (also referred to as a low reflection condition). For example, it is conceivable that the refractive index of the antireflection layer 8 is 1.05 or more and about 1.3, and the thickness of the antireflection layer 8 is about 10 nm to 50 nm.

  If such a configuration is adopted, the reflectance of light on the back surface 100bs side can be reduced by the presence of the antireflection layer 8, for example. Thereby, for example, the amount of light absorbed by the first protective layers 5, 5A, 5F through the second protective layers 6, 6C, 6E increases. As a result, for example, the solar cell modules 100G1 and 100G2 can be easily heated.

<2-8. Ninth Embodiment>
In the second to sixth embodiments and the eighth embodiment, for example, as shown in FIG. 13, the surface where the second protective layers 6 and 6E are located on the back surface 100bs side is uneven. The surface may be changed to the second protective layer 6H changed to 6Hu (also referred to as an uneven surface). In the example of FIG. 13, the second protective layer 6H of the solar cell module 100H according to the ninth embodiment has an uneven surface 6Hu located on the back surface 100bs side. When such a configuration is employed, the surface area of the uneven surface 6Hu located on the back surface 100bs side of the second protective layer 6H is increased. Thereby, for example, the second protective layer 6H can obtain a larger amount of heat according to the irradiation of light to the back surface 100bs. As a result, for example, the solar cell module 100H can be easily heated.

  Here, for example, when the back side translucent plate part to be the second protective layer 6H is manufactured, the material to be the second protective layer 6H in a semi-molten state is formed by the embossed roll. Thereby, the uneven surface 6Hu of the second protective layer 6H can be formed. Here, for example, a mode in which the concavo-convex surface 6Hu has a plurality of dents aligned at a predetermined interval set in advance is conceivable. Here, as each dent, for example, a substantially diamond-shaped dent having a rounded corner with a diameter of about 0.5 mm to 0.8 mm is adopted. Further, for example, a value of about 1 mm to 1.2 mm is adopted as the predetermined interval.

<3. Other>
It goes without saying that all or a part of each of the above embodiments and various modifications can be appropriately combined within a consistent range.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Translucent board part 2 Translucent sealing material 3 Photoelectric conversion part 4, 4B Back side sealing material 5, 5A, 5F 1st protective layer 5Fu, 5sE, 6Hu, 6sE Irregular surface 6, 6C, 6E, 6H 1st 2 protective layer 7 3rd protective layer 8 Antireflection layer 100,100A, 100B1,100B2,100C, 100D, 100E, 100F, 100G1,100G2,100H Solar cell module 100bs Back surface 100fs Front surface C1 Solar cell

Claims (8)

A front surface and a back surface located on the opposite side of the front surface;
The light-transmitting plate portion, the light-transmitting sealing material, the solar battery cell, the back side sealing material, and the first protective layer, which are sequentially positioned from the front surface toward the back surface,
The back side sealing material is in contact with the solar battery cell, and includes a resin as a first base material, and a first color material located in the first base material,
The first protective layer includes a resin as a second base material, and a second color material located in at least one of the second base material and the surface of the second base material,
The light reflectance of the back side sealing material is higher than the light reflectance of the first protective layer,
The solar cell module, wherein the light absorption rate of the first protective layer is higher than the light absorption rate of the back side sealing material. The solar cell module according to claim 1,
The back side sealing material includes a filler located in the first base material,
The filler is a solar cell module having a higher thermal conductivity than any of the first color material and the first base material. The solar cell module according to claim 1 or 2, wherein
The said 1st protective layer is a solar cell module which has the uneven | corrugated surface located in the said back surface side. The solar cell module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein
A second protective layer located on the back side of the first protective layer,
The second protective layer is a solar cell module having insulating properties and translucency. The solar cell module according to claim 4,
A third protective layer located between the back side sealing material and the first protective layer,
The back side sealing material, the third protective layer, and the first protective layer are sequentially laminated,
The material of the third protective layer flows more than the material of the back side sealing material and the first protective layer at a temperature at which each of the material of the back side sealing material and the material of the first protective layer melts. A solar cell module that is difficult to perform. The solar cell module according to claim 4 or 5, wherein
The solar cell module, wherein the second protective layer has a concavo-convex surface that is in contact with the first protective layer. The solar cell module according to any one of claims 4 to 6,
A solar cell module, comprising: an antireflection layer that covers a surface of the second protective layer on the back surface side. The solar cell module according to any one of claims 4 to 7,
The said 2nd protective layer is a solar cell module which has the uneven | corrugated surface located in the said back surface side.

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