JP2018187672A - Joining method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a joining method capable of preventing metal shortage of a junction.SOLUTION: A joining method for joining metal members 10 and 20 includes: an abutting step of forming the first metal member 10 and the second metal member 20 into a square cylindrical shape, forming a longitudinal dimension of a vertical plate 21 of the second metal member 20 to be longer than a longitudinal dimension of the vertical plate 11 of the first metal member 10, abutting both of the metal members 10 and 20, and forming an abutting part J2 along with a step with both of the metal members 10 and 20; an auxiliary member arrangement step of arranging an auxiliary member 30 in the first metal member 10; a main joining step of friction-agitation joining of the auxiliary member 30 and both of the metal members 10 and 20 in a state in which only an agitation pin F2 is brought into contact with the auxiliary member 30 and both of the metal members 10 and 20; and a removal step of removing the auxiliary member 30 from the first metal member 10.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 6

Description

  The present invention relates to a joining method for joining metal members together by friction stirring.

  For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a joining method in which a first metal member and a second metal member are joined by friction stirring. In the joining method, after the first metal member and the second metal member are butted together to form a butted portion, only the stirring pin of the rotary tool is brought into contact with the first metal member and the second metal member. On the other hand, friction stirring is performed.

JP 2013-039613 A

  In the conventional joining method described above, since the plastic fluidized metal is not pressed by the shoulder portion of the rotary tool, there is a problem that the plastic fluidized metal leaks to the outside and the joint becomes insufficient.

  Then, this invention makes it a subject to provide the joining method which can prevent the metal shortage of a junction part.

  A first invention for solving the above-described problem is a joining method in which a first metal member and a second metal member are joined by friction stirring using a main welding rotary tool provided with a stirring pin. The one metal member and the second metal member have corners in which the first horizontal plate is connected to the base ends of the two vertical plates and the second horizontal plate is connected to the distal ends of the two vertical plates. The vertical dimension of the vertical plate of the second metal member is formed longer than the vertical dimension of the vertical plate of the first metal member, and is one outer surface of the first metal member. And abutting the other outer surface of the second metal member, but abutting the first horizontal plate of the first metal member and the first horizontal plate of the second metal member flush with each other, A tip side with a step is formed by the second horizontal plate of the first metal member and the second horizontal plate of the second metal member. An abutting step for forming a mating portion; an auxiliary member is disposed on the surface of the second horizontal plate of the first metal member; and an end surface of the auxiliary member is placed on the other outer surface of the vertical plate of the second metal member. Auxiliary member disposing step for abutting, and the stirring pin inserted from the surface side of the auxiliary member, with only the stirring pin in contact with the auxiliary member, the first metal member, and the second metal member, A burr is formed; and a main joining step of performing friction stir welding of the auxiliary member, the first metal member, and the second metal member by relatively moving the main welding rotary tool along the abutting portion on the side. Removing the auxiliary member from the second metal member.

  A second invention for solving the above-described problem is a joining method in which the first metal member and the second metal member are joined by friction stirring using the main rotating tool having a stirring pin. The one metal member and the second metal member have corners in which the first horizontal plate is connected to the base ends of the two vertical plates and the second horizontal plate is connected to the distal ends of the two vertical plates. The vertical dimension of the vertical plate of the second metal member is formed longer than the vertical dimension of the vertical plate of the first metal member, and is one outer surface of the first metal member. And the other outer surface of the second metal member, and the base end where the first horizontal plate of the first metal member and the first horizontal plate of the second metal member are butted together A butting step for forming a butting portion on the side, and the first metal member and the second so as to cover the butting portion on the base end side Auxiliary member placement step of placing an auxiliary member on the genus member, and inserting the agitation pin from the surface side of the auxiliary member, and contacting only the agitation pin with the auxiliary member, the first metal member and the second metal member In this state, the main welding rotating tool is relatively moved along the abutting portion on the base end side to perform friction stir welding of the auxiliary member, the first metal member, and the second metal member. And a removing step of removing the auxiliary member formed with burrs from the first metal member and the second metal member.

  A third invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is a joining method for joining the first metal member and the second metal member by friction stir using a main joining rotary tool having a stirring pin. The one metal member and the second metal member have corners in which the first horizontal plate is connected to the base ends of the two vertical plates and the second horizontal plate is connected to the distal ends of the two vertical plates. The vertical dimension of the vertical plate of the second metal member is formed longer than the vertical dimension of the vertical plate of the first metal member, and is one outer surface of the first metal member. And the other outer surface of the second metal member, and the base end where the first horizontal plate of the first metal member and the first horizontal plate of the second metal member are butted together A butting step for forming a butt portion on the side, and the first metal member or the second metal along the butt portion on the base end side An auxiliary member arranging step of arranging an auxiliary member on the material, and the stirring pin is inserted from the surface side of the auxiliary member, and only the stirring pin is brought into contact with the auxiliary member, the first metal member, and the second metal member. The main joining step of performing friction stir welding of the auxiliary member, the first metal member and the second metal member by relatively moving the main joining rotary tool along the abutting portion on the proximal end side And a removing step of removing the auxiliary member formed with burrs from the first metal member or the second metal member.

According to the joining method in these inventions, the first metal member and the second metal member are joined, and in addition to the first metal member and the second metal member, the auxiliary member is simultaneously friction stir welded, It is possible to prevent metal shortage at the joint.
Moreover, since the burr | flash generate | occur | produced by friction stir welding can be removed from a metal member with an auxiliary member, the process of removing a burr | flash becomes easy.

In the main joining step according to the first aspect of the invention, the main welding rotary tool is moved along the abutting portion on the distal end side in a state where the rotation axis of the main welding rotary tool is inclined toward the first metal member. It is preferable to perform friction stir welding of the auxiliary member, the first metal member, and the second metal member by relative movement.
According to this joining method, when performing friction stir welding, the stirring pin can be easily inserted into the inner corner formed by the surface of the auxiliary member and the vertical plate of the second metal member.

In the first invention, it is preferable to include a temporary joining step in which friction stir welding is performed with a spot by inserting only the stirring pin of the rotary tool for temporary joining into the abutting portion on the tip side before the auxiliary member arranging step. .
2nd invention and 3rd invention WHEREIN: Before the said auxiliary member arrangement | positioning process, only the stirring pin of the rotary tool for temporary joining is inserted in the said abutting part of the base end side, and temporary joining which performs friction stir welding by a spot It is preferable to include a process.
According to this joining method, it is possible to reduce the load acting on the friction stirrer by performing spot spotting of the butt portion in a state where only the stirring pin is in contact with the metal member. Moreover, the process time can be shortened compared with the case where temporary joining is performed on the entire length of the butt portion as in the prior art.

In the temporary joining step according to the first aspect of the invention, the agitation of the rotary tool for temporary joining is brought into contact with the abutting portion on the distal end side in a state where the rotation axis of the rotary tool for temporary joining is inclined toward the first metal member side. It is preferable to insert only a pin and perform friction stir welding with a spot.
According to this joining method, it is possible to prevent the stirring pin from interfering with the second metal member when performing friction stir welding.

Moreover, it is preferable that the said temporary rotating tool for temporary joining and the said rotational tool for main joining are the same rotating tools.
According to such a joining method, since it is not necessary to replace the rotating tool, the working efficiency can be improved.

In 1st invention, it is preferable to include the temporary joining process of joining the said butt | matching part of the front end side with the spot by welding before the said auxiliary member arrangement | positioning process.
In 2nd invention and 3rd invention, it is preferable to include the temporary joining process of joining the said butt | matching part of the base end side with the spot by welding before the said auxiliary member arrangement | positioning process.
The welding is preferably MIG welding, TIG welding or laser welding.
According to this joining method, process time can be shortened compared with the case where temporary joining is performed with respect to the full length of the butt | matching part conventionally.

  According to the joining method according to the present invention, metal shortage at the joint can be prevented.

It is a perspective view which shows before the butt | matching process of the joining method which concerns on 1st embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the after-butting process of the joining method which concerns on 1st embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the temporary joining process of the joining method which concerns on 1st embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the auxiliary member arrangement | positioning process of the joining method which concerns on 1st embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the auxiliary member arrangement | positioning process of the joining method which concerns on 1st embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the main joining process of the joining method which concerns on 1st embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the main joining process of the joining method which concerns on 1st embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows before the removal process of the joining method which concerns on 1st embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the removal process of the joining method which concerns on 1st embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the modification of the main joining process of the joining method which concerns on 1st embodiment. It is the figure which showed the modification of the temporary joining process of the joining method which concerns on 1st embodiment, and is the perspective view of the structure which inclined the rotary tool for this joining. It is the figure which showed the modification of the temporary joining process of the joining method which concerns on 1st embodiment, and is a perspective view of the structure which welds the butt | matching part of the front end side. It is a perspective view which shows before the butt | matching process of the joining method which concerns on 2nd embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the after-butting process of the joining method which concerns on 2nd embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the temporary joining process of the joining method which concerns on 2nd embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the auxiliary member arrangement | positioning process of the joining method which concerns on 2nd embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the auxiliary member arrangement | positioning process of the joining method which concerns on 2nd embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows this joining process of the joining method which concerns on 2nd embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the main joining process of the joining method which concerns on 2nd embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows before the removal process of the joining method which concerns on 2nd embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the removal process of the joining method which concerns on 2nd embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the auxiliary member arrangement | positioning process of the joining method which concerns on 3rd embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the main joining process of the joining method which concerns on 3rd embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the removal process of the joining method which concerns on 3rd embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the auxiliary member arrangement | positioning process of the joining method which concerns on 4th embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the main joining process of the joining method which concerns on 4th embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the removal process of the joining method which concerns on 4th embodiment.

[First embodiment]
The joining method according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. In the first embodiment, two rectangular metal plates (first metal member and second metal member) are joined. In the joining method according to the first embodiment, a butting process, a temporary joining process, an auxiliary member arranging process, a main joining process, and a removing process are performed. In the following description, “front surface” means a surface opposite to the “back surface”.

As shown in FIG. 1, the butting process is a process in which the square metal first metal member 10 and the second metal member 20 are butted together.
The 1st metal member 10 and the 2nd metal member 20 consist of plate-shaped members made from an aluminum alloy. The material of the 1st metal member 10 and the 2nd metal member 20 is suitably selected from the metals which can be friction-stirred, such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper, copper alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, magnesium, magnesium alloy, for example.
The first metal member 10 and the second metal member 20 of the first embodiment are obtained by arranging two rectangular tube-shaped members side by side.

The first metal member 10 is a shape member having an axial cross section formed into a quadrangular ring shape. The first metal member 10 is connected to the two vertical plates 11, 11, the first horizontal plate 12 connected to the base ends of the vertical plates 11, 11, and the distal ends of the vertical plates 11, 11. And the second horizontal plate 13.
That is, the first metal member 10 has a first horizontal plate 12 and a second horizontal plate 13 connected at right angles to the distal end portion and the base end portion of the inner surface of one vertical plate 11, and The 1st horizontal plate 12 and the 2nd horizontal plate 13 are connected to the front-end | tip part and base end part of an inner surface at right angle.
As shown in FIG. 2, a corner portion 15 bent at a right angle is formed at a connection portion between the vertical plate 11 and the first horizontal plate 12 and the second horizontal plate 13. A curved surface curved in an arc shape is formed on the top of the outer side of the corner portion 15.
In addition, in the 1st metal member 10 of 1st embodiment, although the height of the two vertical plates 11 and 11 and the horizontal width of the 1st horizontal plate 12 and the 2nd horizontal plate 13 are formed in the same length. , Different lengths may be formed.

As shown in FIG. 1, the second metal member 20 is a shape member having an axial cross section formed into a quadrangular ring shape, and is a rectangular tube-shaped member having the same shape as the first metal member 10. The second metal member 20 is connected to the two vertical plates 21, 21, the first horizontal plate 22 connected to the base ends of the vertical plates 21, 21, and the distal ends of the vertical plates 21, 21. And a second horizontal plate 23.
As shown in FIG. 2, a curved surface curved in an arc shape is formed on the top of the corner plate 25 between the vertical plate 21, the first horizontal plate 22, and the second horizontal plate 23.
In addition, in the 2nd metal member 20 of 1st embodiment, although the height of the two vertical plates 21 and 21 and the horizontal width of the 1st horizontal plate 22 and the 2nd horizontal plate 23 are formed in the same length. , Different lengths may be formed.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the vertical dimension of the vertical plate 21 of the second metal member 20 is longer than the vertical dimension of the vertical plate 11 of the first metal member 10. In the first embodiment, the vertical dimension of the vertical plate 21 of the second metal member 20 is greater than the vertical dimension of the vertical plate 11 of the first metal member 10 with the thickness of the second horizontal plate 23 of the second metal member 20. It is about half as long.

In the butting process, the outer surface 11b of one vertical plate 11 of the first metal member 10 (the left side surface of the left vertical plate 11 in FIG. 2) and the outer surface 21b of the other vertical plate 21 of the second metal member 20 ( The right vertical plate 21 on the right side in FIG.
At this time, the back surface 12a of the first horizontal plate 12 of the first metal member 10 (the lower surface of the first horizontal plate 12 in FIG. 2) and the back surface 22a of the first horizontal plate 22 of the second metal member 20 (the first in FIG. 2). The lower surface of one horizontal plate 22 is flush with the other. Thereby, the flat base end side butting portion J <b> 1 is formed by the first horizontal plate 12 of the first metal member 10 and the first horizontal plate 22 of the second metal member 20.

When the first horizontal plate 12 of the first metal member 10 and the first horizontal plate 22 of the second metal member 20 are flush with each other, the surface 13a of the second horizontal plate 13 of the first metal member 10 (in FIG. 2). The surface 23a of the second horizontal plate 23 of the second metal member 20 (the upper surface of the second horizontal plate 23 in FIG. 2) is disposed above the upper surface of the second horizontal plate 13.
As a result, the second side plate 13 of the first metal member 10 and the second side plate 23 of the second metal member 20 form a butted portion J2 on the tip side with a step.
Since the corner portion 15 of the first metal member 10 is curved, a gap S is formed between the corner portion 15 of the first metal member 10 and the other side surface 21 b of the second metal member 20.

As shown in FIG. 3, the temporary joining step is a step of performing temporary joining with respect to the abutting portion J <b> 2 on the distal end side using a rotating tool F (temporary joining rotating tool).
The rotary tool F is made of, for example, tool steel. The rotary tool F includes a connecting portion F1 and a stirring pin F2. The connecting part F1 is a part connected to the rotating shaft of the friction stirrer. The connecting part F1 has a cylindrical shape.

The stirring pin F2 extends from the connecting portion F1 and is coaxial with the connecting portion F1. The stirring pin F2 is tapered as it is separated from the connecting portion F1. A spiral groove is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the stirring pin F2. In the first embodiment, in order to rotate the rotary tool F to the right, the spiral groove is formed counterclockwise as it goes from the proximal end to the distal end.
In addition, when rotating the rotation tool F counterclockwise, it is preferable to form the spiral groove clockwise as it goes from the proximal end to the distal end.

  By setting the spiral groove in this way, the metal plastically fluidized during friction stirring is guided to the tip side of the stirring pin F2 by the spiral groove. Thereby, the quantity of the metal which overflows outside the to-be-joined metal member (the 1st metal member 10, the 2nd metal member 20, and the auxiliary member 30) can be decreased. The spiral groove may be omitted.

In the temporary joining step, spot tacking is performed by bringing only the stirring pin F2 of the rotated rotary tool F into contact with the abutting portion J2 on the tip side. In the temporary joining step, the rotation axis of the rotary tool F is arranged perpendicular to the surface 13 a of the second horizontal plate 13 of the first metal member 10 and the surface 23 a of the second horizontal plate 23 of the second metal member 20. Then, only the stirring pin F2 is shallowly pushed into the abutting portion J2 on the distal end side with a predetermined interval. A plasticized region W0 is formed in the trace of pushing of the stirring pin F2.
The rotary tool F is preferably attached to an arm robot (not shown) provided with a rotation drive means such as a spindle unit at the tip. Thereby, spot tacking can be performed easily.

The auxiliary member arranging step is a step of arranging the auxiliary member 30 on the first metal member 10 as shown in FIG.
The auxiliary member 30 is a metal plate member. The auxiliary member 30 is not particularly limited as long as it is a metal capable of friction stirring, but in the first embodiment, the auxiliary member 30 is made of the same material as the first metal member 10 and the second metal member 20.
As shown in FIG. 5, the plate thickness of the auxiliary member 30 is such that the plasticized region W (see FIG. 8) does not run out of metal after the main joining step described later, and the gap S of the butt portion J2 on the tip side is made of metal. Set as appropriate to fill. In addition, in 1st embodiment, although the auxiliary member 30 is made into plate shape, another shape may be sufficient.

In the auxiliary member arranging step, the back surface 30b of the auxiliary member 30 and the surface 13a of the second horizontal plate 13 of the first metal member 10 are brought into surface contact. Further, the end surface of the auxiliary member 30 on the second metal member 20 side is abutted against the outer surface 21 b of the other vertical plate 21 of the second metal member 20. Thereby, the auxiliary member 30 is arrange | positioned along the abutting part J2 of the front end side.
In the first embodiment, the plate thickness of the auxiliary member 30 is set to about half of the thickness of the second horizontal plate 13 of the first metal member 10. Thereby, the surface 30a of the auxiliary member 30 and the surface 23a of the second horizontal plate 23 of the second metal member 20 are flush with each other.
Moreover, the 1st horizontal plate 12 of the 1st metal member 10 and the 1st horizontal plate 22 of the 2nd metal member 20 are turned down, and the 1st metal member 10, the 2nd metal member 20, and the auxiliary member 30 are jig | tool ( It is restrained by a gantry (not shown) so that it cannot move.

As shown in FIG. 6, the main joining step is a step of performing friction stir welding on the abutting portion J <b> 2 on the distal end side using a rotating tool F (main welding rotating tool). In the main joining step, as shown in FIG. 7, the rotation axis of the rotary tool F is set to the surface 13 a of the second horizontal plate 13 of the first metal member 10 and the surface 23 a of the second horizontal plate 23 of the second metal member 20. Arrange vertically. Then, the rotation tool F rotated to the right is inserted from the surface 30a of the auxiliary member 30, and the insertion depth of the stirring pin F2 is set so as to reach the abutting portion J2 on the distal end side.
In the main joining step, friction stir welding is performed in a state where only the stirring pin F2 is brought into contact with the auxiliary member 30, the first metal member 10 and the second metal member 20, and the proximal end side of the stirring pin F2 is exposed.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 6, the rotary tool F is relatively moved along the abutting portion J2 on the front end side. Thereby, the auxiliary member 30, the first metal member 10, and the second metal member 20 are friction stir welded at the abutting portion J2 on the distal end side. A plasticized region W is formed on the movement locus of the rotary tool F. Further, after the main joining step, as shown in FIG. 8, burrs V are formed at the end of the auxiliary member 30.

  In the first embodiment, since the rotary tool F is rotated to the right, the first metal member 10 side is moved on the flow side of the welding rotary tool F (retreating side: the moving speed of the rotary tool from the tangential speed on the outer periphery of the rotary tool). Is the subtracted side). On the other hand, the second metal member 20 side is a shear side (advancing side: the side on which the moving speed of the rotating tool is added to the tangential speed on the outer periphery of the rotating tool).

When the rotational speed of the rotating tool F for joining is low, the temperature of the shear fluid side is more likely to rise on the shear side than on the flow side, so that the shear side (second metal member 20 outside the plasticization region W). Burrs V tend to occur on the side).
On the other hand, when the rotational speed of the rotating tool F for bonding is high, the temperature of the plastic fluidized material increases on the shear side compared to the flow side, but the flow side (outside the plasticized region W is increased by the higher rotational speed. Many burrs V tend to be generated on the first metal member 10 side).

  In the first embodiment, the moving direction and the rotational direction of the joining rotary tool F are set so that the flow side of the joining rotary tool F is on the first metal member 10 side (right side of the joining center). The rotation direction and the traveling direction of the joining rotary tool F are not limited to those described above, and may be set as appropriate.

  In the first embodiment, since the rotation speed of the joining rotary tool F is set high, there is a tendency that many burrs V are generated on the flow side outside the plasticizing region W. That is, the burrs V can be concentrated on the auxiliary member 30 side. Moreover, the moving speed (feeding speed) of the joining rotary tool F can be increased by setting the rotational speed of the joining rotary tool F faster. Thereby, a joining cycle can be shortened.

As described above, which side of the traveling direction of the rotary tool F generates the burr V during the main joining process depends on the joining conditions.
The joining conditions include the rotational speed of the rotary tool F, the rotational direction, the moving direction, the moving speed (feeding speed), the inclination angle of the stirring pin F2, the materials of the first metal member 10, the second metal member 20, and the auxiliary member 30, It is determined by each element such as the thickness of each member and a combination of these elements.
If the auxiliary member 30 is arranged on the side where the burrs V are generated or the side where many burrs V are generated according to the joining conditions, the step of removing the burrs V can be easily performed.

  The removal step is a step of removing the auxiliary member 30 from the first metal member 10 as shown in FIG. In the removing step, the auxiliary member 30 is bent away from the first metal member 10 by, for example, manual work, and the auxiliary member 30 is removed from the first metal member 10. Thereby, the level | step-difference part between the 2nd horizontal plate 13 of the 1st metal member 10 and the 2nd horizontal plate 23 of the 2nd metal member 20 is joined.

According to the joining method which concerns on 1st embodiment demonstrated above, as shown in FIG. 7, while the 1st metal member 10 and the 2nd metal member 20 are joined, the 1st metal member 10 and the 2nd metal member In addition to 20, the auxiliary member 30 can also be friction stir welded at the same time to prevent metal shortage at the joint (plasticized region W).
Further, by performing friction stir welding with only the stirring pin F2 of the rotary tool F in contact with the auxiliary member 30, the first metal member 10 and the second metal member 20, the load acting on the friction stirrer is reduced. be able to.
Further, in the joining method according to the first embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 6, in the main joining step and the temporary joining step, only the stirring pin F2 of the rotary tool F is brought into contact with the metal member to perform friction stirring. Therefore, the amount of heat input can be reduced, and the thermal strain of the first metal member 10 and the second metal member 20 can be reduced.

  Moreover, in the joining method which concerns on 1st embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, the auxiliary member 30 is arrange | positioned in the butt | matching part J2 of the front end side, and the auxiliary member 30, the 1st metal member 10, and the 2nd metal member 20 are made simultaneously. Since the friction stir welding is performed, the gap S (see FIG. 5) between the first metal member 10 and the second metal member 20 can be filled with the plastic fluidized metal.

Further, in the joining method according to the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, the burr V is formed on the auxiliary member 30 by the main joining process. However, as shown in FIG. 9, the burr V is assisted in the removing process. The entire member 30 can be removed. Thereby, the process of removing the burr | flash V can be performed easily.
The auxiliary member 30 may be removed by using a removing device or the like, but in the first embodiment, the auxiliary member 30 can be easily removed manually.

Moreover, in the joining method which concerns on 1st embodiment, since a temporary joining process is performed, the opening of the butt | matching part J2 of the front end side at the time of performing this joining process can be prevented.
Further, in the joining method according to the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, by spot spotting of the abutting portion J <b> 2 on the tip side in a state where only the stirring pin F <b> 2 of the rotary tool F is in contact with the metal member. The load acting on the friction stirrer can be reduced. Moreover, the process time can be shortened compared with the case where temporary joining is performed on the entire length of the butt portion as in the prior art.

  Moreover, in 1st embodiment, the rotation tool F (temporary joining rotary tool) which performs a temporary joining process, and the rotary tool F (main joining rotational tool) which performs a main joining process use the same rotational tool. Thereby, since it is not necessary to replace | exchange a rotating tool at each process, work efficiency can be improved.

Although the first embodiment of the present invention has been described above, design changes can be made as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
For example, you may use the rotary tool provided with the shoulder part and the stirring pin for the rotary tool for temporary joining or the rotary tool for main joining. Further, different rotary tools may be used in the temporary joining step and the main joining step.

  Further, in the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the corner portion 15 of the first metal member 10 is rounded and the gap S is provided in the abutting portion J2 on the distal end side. You may comprise so that it may not exist.

Further, in the main joining process of the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, the rotation axis of the rotary tool F is applied to the second horizontal plate 13 of the first metal member 10 and the second horizontal plate 23 of the second metal member 20. However, as shown in FIG. 10, the rotation axis of the rotary tool F may be inclined toward the first metal member 10 side. When the rotary tool F is attached to an arm robot (not shown), the rotation axis of the rotary tool F can be easily inclined.
If it does in this way, the stirring pin F2 can be easily inserted in the inner corner formed of the surface 30a of the auxiliary member 30 and the vertical plate 21 of the second metal member 20.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 11, also in the temporary joining step, the surface 30 a of the auxiliary member 30 and the vertical plate 21 of the second metal member 20 are inclined by tilting the rotation shaft of the rotary tool F toward the first metal member 10. The stirring pin F2 can be easily inserted into the inner corner formed by the above.

  Moreover, in the temporary joining process of 1st embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, although temporary joining is performed with respect to the abutting part J2 of the front end side using the rotary tool F, as shown in FIG. You may perform temporary joining by welding with respect to the side butt | matching part J2. At this time, the type of welding is not particularly limited, but for example, arc welding such as MIG welding or TIG welding or laser welding can be used. Then, spot welding is performed at a predetermined interval while bringing the welding torch H close to the abutting portion J2 on the front end side. In this way, a weld mark W1 is formed in the spot spot-attached portion.

  Thus, in the temporary joining step, as shown in FIG. 11, when spot tacking of the abutting portion J2 on the front end side is performed by welding, it acts on the friction stirrer more than when temporary tacking is performed by friction stirring. Can reduce the burden. Moreover, the process time can be shortened compared with the case where temporary joining is performed with respect to the full length of the butt | matching part J2 of the front end side conventionally.

  Further, in the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, provisional joining is performed with respect to the abutting portion J <b> 2 on the distal end side. This can be prevented more reliably. Further, the temporary joining step may be omitted.

  Further, in the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, the auxiliary member 30 is disposed only in the abutting portion J2 on the distal end side and friction stir welding is performed, but the abutting portion J1 on the proximal end side is similarly an auxiliary member. 30 may be arranged and friction stir welding may be performed.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, the joining method according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. In the second embodiment, two rectangular metal plates (first metal member and second metal member) are joined. In the joining method according to the second embodiment, a butting process, a temporary joining process, an auxiliary member arranging process, a main joining process, and a removing process are performed. Note that the bonding method according to the second embodiment will be described with a focus on differences from the bonding method of the first embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 13, the butting step is a step of matching the first metal member 10 and the second metal member 20 having a rectangular tube shape.
In the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 14, the first horizontal plate 12 of the first metal member 10 and the first horizontal plate 22 of the second metal member 20 are set on the upper side, and the vertical plate 11 of the first metal member 10. And the vertical plate 21 of the second metal member 20 are abutted. That is, the first metal member 10 and the second metal member 20 (see FIG. 2) of the first embodiment are turned upside down.

  Thereby, the flat base end butting portion J1 formed by the first horizontal plate 12 of the first metal member 10 and the first horizontal plate 22 of the second metal member 20 is arranged on the upper side, and the first metal member 10 A front end side butting portion J2 with a step due to the second horizontal plate 13 and the second horizontal plate 23 of the second metal member 20 is disposed on the lower side. In this state, the first metal member 10 and the second metal member 20 are placed on the upper surface of the gantry.

Moreover, the raising base 50 is interposed between the surface 13a of the 2nd horizontal board 13 of the 1st metal member 10, and the upper surface of a mount frame. The raising base 50 is formed to have the same thickness as the level difference between the second horizontal plate 13 of the first metal member 10 and the second horizontal plate 23 of the second metal member 20.
Thus, by adjusting the height of the first metal member 10 by the raising base 50, the back surface 12 a of the first horizontal plate 12 of the first metal member 10 and the first horizontal plate 22 of the second metal member 20. Can be flush with the back surface 22a.

  As shown in FIG. 15, the temporary joining step is a step of temporarily joining the base end side butting portion J <b> 1 using a rotating tool F (temporary joining rotating tool). In the temporary joining step, spot tacking is performed by bringing only the stirring pin F2 of the rotated rotary tool F into contact with the abutting portion J1 on the base end side.

The auxiliary member arranging step is a step of arranging the auxiliary member 30 on the first metal member 10 and the second metal member 20 as shown in FIG.
In the auxiliary member arranging step, as shown in FIG. 17, the back surface 30 b of the auxiliary member 30, the back surface 12 a of the first horizontal plate 12 of the first metal member 10, and the back surface of the first horizontal plate 22 of the second metal member 20. 22a is brought into surface contact. In this way, the auxiliary member 30 is disposed so as to cover the butt end J1 on the base end side.

As shown in FIG. 18, the main joining step is a step of performing friction stir welding on the butt end portion J <b> 1 on the base end side using the rotary tool F (main welding rotary tool).
In the main joining step, the rotating tool F rotated to the right is inserted from the surface 30a of the auxiliary member 30, and only the stirring pin F2 is brought into contact with the auxiliary member 30, the first metal member 10 and the second metal member 20, and the stirring pin F2 Friction stir welding is performed with the base end side exposed.

Then, as shown in FIG. 19, the rotary tool F is relatively moved along the base end-side butting portion J1. Thereby, the auxiliary member 30, the first metal member 10, and the second metal member 20 are friction stir welded at the abutting portion J1 on the base end side. A plasticized region W is formed on the movement locus of the rotary tool F.
After the main joining step, as shown in FIG. 20, the auxiliary member 30 is divided into the first metal member 10 side and the second metal member 20 side by the plasticized region W. Further, burrs V and V are formed at the ends of the divided auxiliary members 30 and 30.

  The removing step is a step of removing the auxiliary member 30 from the first metal member 10 and the second metal member 20 as shown in FIG. In the removing step, the auxiliary member 30 is bent from the first metal member 10 and the second metal member 20 by bending the auxiliary member 30 in a direction away from the first metal member 10 and the second metal member 20, for example. . Thereby, the 1st horizontal plate 12 of the 1st metal member 10 and the 1st horizontal plate 22 of the 2nd metal member 20 are joined planarly.

In the joining method according to the second embodiment described above, as in the joining method according to the first embodiment, in addition to the first metal member 10 and the second metal member 20, as shown in FIG. By performing friction stir welding at 30 at the same time, it is possible to prevent metal shortage at the joint.
Further, by performing friction stir welding with only the stirring pin F2 in contact with the auxiliary member 30, the first metal member 10, and the second metal member 20, the load acting on the friction stirrer can be reduced.
Further, in the joining method according to the second embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 15 and 18, since only the stirring pin F2 is brought into contact with the metal member and friction stirring is performed, the amount of heat input can be reduced, The thermal distortion of the first metal member 10 and the second metal member 20 can be reduced.
Further, in the joining method according to the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 21, since the burr V can be removed together with the auxiliary member 30 in the removing step, the step of removing the burr V can be easily performed.

As described above, the second embodiment of the present invention has been described. However, similar to the first embodiment, the design can be changed as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
In the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 18, the auxiliary member 30 is disposed only in the base end side butting portion J1 and friction stir welding is performed, but the tip end butting portion J2 is the same as that in the first embodiment. Friction stir welding may be performed using a bonding method. That is, you may join both the base end side butting part J1 and the front end side butting part J2.

[Third embodiment]
Next, the auxiliary member arranging step, the main joining step, and the removing step of the joining method according to the third embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 22, the joining method according to the third embodiment is different from the second embodiment in the ratio of arranging the auxiliary member 30 in the first metal member 10 and the second metal member 20 in the auxiliary member arranging step. . The joining method according to the third embodiment will be described focusing on differences from the joining method of the second embodiment.

  In the auxiliary member arranging step of the third embodiment, as shown in FIG. 22, about 90% of the auxiliary member 30 is arranged on the second metal member 20, and the remaining 10% of the auxiliary member 30 is about the first metal member 10. To place. That is, the auxiliary member 30 is disposed so as to slightly protrude from the rear surface 12a of the first horizontal plate 12 of the first metal member 10 with respect to the butt end portion J1 on the base end side.

In the main joining step of the third embodiment, as shown in FIG. 23, the spiral groove is formed counterclockwise from the proximal end toward the distal end in order to rotate the rotary tool F (main joining rotary tool) to the right. Yes. In the main joining step, the rotary tool F is relatively moved from the near side to the far side in FIG.
In the main joining process of the third embodiment, friction stir welding is performed in a state where only the stirring pin F2 of the rotating tool F rotated to the right is in contact with the auxiliary member 30, the first metal member 10, and the second metal member 20. Thereby, in the butt | matching part J1 of a base end side, the auxiliary member 30, the 1st metal member 10, and the 2nd metal member 20 are friction-stir-welded, and the plasticization area | region W is formed.

In the third embodiment, since the rotary tool F is rotated to the right, the second metal member 20 side is the flow side of the rotary tool F. On the other hand, the first metal member 10 side is a shear side of the rotary tool F.
In the third embodiment, since the rotation speed of the joining rotary tool F is set high, there is a tendency that many burrs V are generated on the flow side outside the plasticizing region W.
In the third embodiment, in the main joining process, the contact ratio between the first metal member 10 and the auxiliary member 30 is adjusted so that the auxiliary member 30 does not remain on the first metal member 10 side.

  In the removing process of the third embodiment, as shown in FIG. 24, by removing the auxiliary member 30 from the second metal member 20, the burr V can be removed together with the auxiliary member 30 remaining only on one side. The step of removing the burr V can be easily performed.

The third embodiment of the present invention has been described above. However, similar to the second embodiment, the design can be changed as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
For example, in the auxiliary member arrangement step, about 90% of the auxiliary member 30 may be arranged on the first metal member 10 and the remaining 10% of the auxiliary member 30 may be arranged on the second metal member 20. In this case, in the main joining step, various joining conditions are set so that burrs V are generated in the auxiliary member 30 and the second metal member 20 is not left on the second metal member 20 side. The contact ratio between the member 20 and the auxiliary member 30 is adjusted. In the removing step, the auxiliary member 30 is removed from the first metal member 10, whereby the burr V can be removed together with the auxiliary member 30.

[Fourth embodiment]
Next, the auxiliary member arranging step, the main joining step, and the removing step of the joining method according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
The joining method according to the fourth embodiment differs from the third embodiment in that the auxiliary member 30 is brought into surface contact with only the first metal member 10 in the auxiliary member step, as shown in FIG. The joining method according to the fourth embodiment will be described with a focus on differences from the joining method of the third embodiment.

  In the joining method according to the fourth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 26, the spiral groove of the stirring pin F2 is formed clockwise as it goes from the proximal end to the distal end in order to rotate the rotating tool F counterclockwise in the main joining step. Has been. In the main joining step, the rotary tool F is relatively moved from the near side to the far side in FIG.

In the fourth embodiment, since the rotary tool F is rotated counterclockwise, the first metal member 10 side is the flow side of the rotary tool F. On the other hand, the second metal member 20 side is a shear side of the rotary tool F.
In the main joining step of the fourth embodiment, since the rotational speed of the rotary tool F is set high, there is a tendency that many burrs V are generated on the flow side outside the plasticizing region W.

  And in the removal process of 4th embodiment, the burr | flash V can be removed with the auxiliary member 30 by removing the auxiliary member 30 from the 1st metal member 10, as shown in FIG. That is, according to the fourth embodiment, it is only necessary to remove the auxiliary member 30 and the burr V remaining on only one side.

The fourth embodiment of the present invention has been described above. However, as in the third embodiment, design changes can be made as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
For example, in the auxiliary member arranging step, the auxiliary member 30 may be arranged so as to be in surface contact with only the second metal member 20. In this case, various joining conditions are set so that the burrs V are generated in the auxiliary member 30 in the main joining process, and the auxiliary member 30 is removed from the second metal member 20 in the removing process. V can be removed together with the auxiliary member 30.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 1st metal member 11 Vertical plate 12 1st horizontal plate 13 2nd horizontal plate 20 2nd metal member 21 Vertical plate 22 1st horizontal plate 23 2nd horizontal plate 30 Auxiliary member 50 Raising stand F Rotating tool F1 Connecting part F2 Stirring Pin J1 Base end butt portion J2 Tip end butt portion S Clearance V Burr W Plasticization region

Claims (13)

A joining method in which the first metal member and the second metal member are joined by friction stirring using a main welding rotary tool provided with a stirring pin,
In the first metal member and the second metal member, a first horizontal plate is connected to a base end portion of two vertical plates, and a second horizontal plate is connected to a distal end portion of the two vertical plates. It is formed in a square tube shape,
The vertical dimension of the vertical plate of the second metal member is formed longer than the vertical dimension of the vertical plate of the first metal member,
One outer surface of the first metal member and the other outer surface of the second metal member are abutted against each other, the first horizontal plate of the first metal member, and the first horizontal surface of the second metal member. A butting step of abutting a plate flush with each other and forming a butting portion on the tip side with a step by the second horizontal plate of the first metal member and the second horizontal plate of the second metal member; ,
An auxiliary member is disposed on a surface of the second horizontal plate of the first metal member, and an end surface of the auxiliary member is abutted against the other outer surface of the vertical plate of the second metal member; and
The stirring pin is inserted from the surface side of the auxiliary member, and only the stirring pin is in contact with the auxiliary member, the first metal member, and the second metal member, along the butted portion on the tip side. A main joining step of performing a friction stir welding of the auxiliary member, the first metal member and the second metal member by relatively moving the rotary tool for the main joining;
Removing the auxiliary member formed with burrs from the first metal member.   In the main joining step, the main welding rotary tool is relatively moved along the abutting portion on the front end side in a state where the rotation axis of the main welding rotary tool is inclined toward the first metal member. The joining method according to claim 1, wherein friction stir welding of the auxiliary member, the first metal member, and the second metal member is performed.   2. The temporary joining step of performing friction stir welding with a spot by inserting only a stirring pin of a rotary tool for temporary joining into the abutting portion on the front end side before the auxiliary member arranging step. The joining method according to claim 2.   4. The joining method according to claim 3, wherein the temporary joining rotary tool and the main joining rotational tool are the same rotational tool.   In the temporary joining step, only the stirring pin of the rotary tool for temporary joining is inserted into the abutting portion on the distal end side with the rotation axis of the rotary tool for temporary joining inclined to the first metal member side. The joining method according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the friction stir welding is performed with a spot.   The joining method according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a temporary joining step of joining the butted portion on the distal end side with a spot by welding before the auxiliary member arranging step.   The joining method according to claim 6, wherein the welding is MIG welding, TIG welding, or laser welding. A joining method in which the first metal member and the second metal member are joined by friction stirring using a main welding rotary tool provided with a stirring pin,
In the first metal member and the second metal member, a first horizontal plate is connected to a base end portion of two vertical plates, and a second horizontal plate is connected to a distal end portion of the two vertical plates. It is formed in a square tube shape,
The vertical dimension of the vertical plate of the second metal member is formed longer than the vertical dimension of the vertical plate of the first metal member,
One outer surface of the first metal member and the other outer surface of the second metal member are abutted against each other, the first horizontal plate of the first metal member, and the first horizontal surface of the second metal member. A butting step of forming a butting portion on the base end side that is flush with the plate;
An auxiliary member arranging step of arranging an auxiliary member on the first metal member and the second metal member so as to cover the butt portion on the base end side;
The stirrer pin is inserted from the surface side of the auxiliary member, and only the stirrer pin is in contact with the auxiliary member, the first metal member, and the second metal member, along the butted portion on the base end side. A main joining step of performing a friction stir welding of the auxiliary member, the first metal member and the second metal member by relatively moving the rotary tool for main joining,
A removing step of removing the auxiliary member formed with burrs from the first metal member and the second metal member. A joining method in which the first metal member and the second metal member are joined by friction stirring using a main welding rotary tool provided with a stirring pin,
In the first metal member and the second metal member, a first horizontal plate is connected to a base end portion of two vertical plates, and a second horizontal plate is connected to a distal end portion of the two vertical plates. It is formed in a square tube shape,
The vertical dimension of the vertical plate of the second metal member is formed longer than the vertical dimension of the vertical plate of the first metal member,
One outer surface of the first metal member and the other outer surface of the second metal member are abutted against each other, the first horizontal plate of the first metal member, and the first horizontal surface of the second metal member. A butting step of forming a butting portion on the base end side that is flush with the plate;
Auxiliary member arrangement step of arranging an auxiliary member on the first metal member or the second metal member along the butt portion on the base end side,
The stirrer pin is inserted from the surface side of the auxiliary member, and only the stirrer pin is in contact with the auxiliary member, the first metal member, and the second metal member, along the butted portion on the base end side. A main joining step of performing a friction stir welding of the auxiliary member, the first metal member and the second metal member by relatively moving the rotary tool for main joining,
Removing the auxiliary member formed with burrs from the first metal member or the second metal member.   9. The temporary joining step of performing friction stir welding at a spot by inserting only a stirring pin of a rotary tool for temporary joining into the abutting portion on the base end side before the auxiliary member arranging step. Alternatively, the joining method according to claim 9.   The joining method according to claim 10, wherein the temporary joining rotary tool and the main joining rotational tool are the same rotational tool.   The joining method according to claim 8 or 9, further comprising a temporary joining step of joining the butted portion on the base end side with a spot by welding before the auxiliary member arranging step.   The joining method according to claim 12, wherein the welding is MIG welding, TIG welding, or laser welding.

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