JP2018084399A - Burner and fuel-drying plant including the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a burner having a simple structure and excellent in combustion efficiency, and to provide a fuel-drying plant including the same.SOLUTION: A burner includes: a cylindrical body C having a combustion chamber 1 for burning a solid or powdery fuel; a rooster 2 having a plurality of air holes 21 that is provided in the bottom of a combustion chamber 1 and supplies combustion air from below and a discharge hole 22 for discharging a burned ash; a fuel-storing section 3 provided in the outside of the body C; an igniter 11 for igniting a fuel in the combustion chamber 1; an air-supplying chamber 4 for supplying air to the combustion chamber 1 from the lower part of the rooster 2; and a rectifier 23 arranged facing the air holes 21 to rotate the air in the combustion chamber 1, wherein a fuel-supplying mechanism F is configured by including: a plurality of fuel-supplying openings C2 provided around the combustion chamber 1; an annular fuel-storing section 3 provided around the body C so that a fuel is stored while closing the fuel-supplying openings C2; and a raking member 34 provided to the fuel-storing section 3 and moving a fuel to the combustion chamber 1 from the fuel-supplying opening C2.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a combustion apparatus in which a solid or powder fuel is introduced into a combustion chamber and the fuel is burned while forming a swirl flow inside the combustion chamber.

Conventionally, as such a combustion apparatus, for example, there is one shown in Patent Document 1 below.
This technology is a solid fuel combustion device that burns solid fuel such as biomass and waste, and a combustion furnace that burns solid fuel supplied on a fixed grate and a combustion furnace formed in the lower layer of this combustion furnace. And a combustion air supply chamber for supplying combustion air.

  The fixed grate has an opening for turning the combustion air supplied from the combustion air supply chamber to the combustion furnace in the circumferential direction of the combustion furnace. The opening is swirled in the circumferential direction of the combustion furnace without controlling the combustion air supplied from the combustion air supply chamber. The swirling flow also swirls the combustion ash generated with the combustion of the solid fuel, and the combustion ash that comes into contact with the furnace wall, the top of the furnace, etc. becomes finer and is easily discharged together with the combustion gas. As a result, maintenance is facilitated while the structure of the combustion device is simplified.

JP 2007-139391 A

  In the above-mentioned known documents, several methods for dispersing solid fuel are described. For example, (1) solid fuel is supplied from an opening provided at one location on the wall of the combustion furnace, and is dispersed inside the combustion furnace by blowing air from an ignition burner provided below the opening. (2) The solid fuel is dropped from an opening provided in the ceiling portion of the combustion furnace, and is dispersed inside the combustion furnace by a dispersing member provided immediately below the opening.

  Among these, in the configuration (1), since fuel is input from one place on the furnace wall, when the input amount is large and the fuel becomes bulky, the time until the combustion is dispersed becomes long. Therefore, the time until the combustion air comes into contact with the solid fuel is extended, and the combustion efficiency is lowered.

  In the configuration (2), the injected solid fuel is efficiently dispersed around the combustion furnace. However, an exhaust cylinder member is opened immediately below the dispersion member, and the solid fuel immediately after being charged is lifted into the swirl flow and discharged from the discharge port without being burned. In order to prevent this, for example, it is necessary to take measures such as reducing the momentum of the swirl flow, that is, reducing the supply amount of the combustion air. In this case, it cannot be said that the combustion efficiency is sufficiently increased.

Further, in any of the above-described configurations, the configuration of the supply device that inputs the solid fuel is not clear. Therefore, for example, a supply part opens at the time of supply of solid fuel, and the shape of the swirl flow formed inside the combustion furnace may change due to communication between the inside and outside of the combustion furnace. In this case as well, unburned fuel may be discharged, and combustion exhaust gas may leak outside through the supply opening.
As described above, the conventional combustion apparatus using the swirl flow has a limit in increasing the combustion efficiency of the fuel, and a combustion apparatus having a simple structure and excellent combustion efficiency has been demanded.

(Feature configuration)
The characteristic configuration of the combustion apparatus according to the present invention includes a cylindrical main body containing a combustion chamber for burning solid or powdered fuel,
A rooster that is provided at the bottom of the combustion chamber and has a plurality of air holes that supply combustion air from below and at least one discharge hole that discharges combustion ash downward;
A fuel reservoir provided outside the main body;
An ignition device that performs initial ignition on the fuel that has been introduced into the combustion chamber from the fuel reservoir;
An air supply chamber located below the rooster and supplying the combustion air to the combustion chamber;
A rectifying plate disposed opposite to the air hole so as to swirl the air blown into the combustion chamber from the air hole inside the combustion chamber;
A plurality of fuel supply ports provided along the periphery of the combustion chamber;
The annular fuel storage portion provided around the body so that the fuel is stored while closing the fuel supply port;
And a scraping member that is disposed in the fuel storage section and moves the fuel from the fuel supply port to the inside of the combustion chamber.

(effect)
Since the annular fuel storage portion is provided around the combustion chamber, the fuel can be uniformly distributed with respect to the combustion chamber. Thereby, the combustion state does not vary depending on the portion of the combustion chamber, and the combustion efficiency can be increased.
In addition, since the annular fuel storage portion is provided around the combustion chamber, the fuel can be preheated using the heat that tends to escape to the outside of the main body. As a result, the heating time of the fuel when the fuel is introduced into the combustion chamber is shortened, and the combustion efficiency is increased.
Further, the combustion air swirls inside the combustion chamber, and the flow velocity of the swirling flow is larger toward the outer peripheral side. Therefore, by supplying fuel from the periphery of the combustion chamber, the amount of air supplied to the fuel increases and the combustion speed increases. In particular, when the fuel is light, such as powder, the fuel is easily moved inside the combustion chamber by air having a high flow velocity. As a result, combustion proceeds from the entire circumference of the fuel, and the combustion speed is further increased, so that a combustion apparatus having a large calorific value per time can be obtained.

(Feature configuration)
In the combustion apparatus according to the present invention, as the rectifying plate, a shape that extends across the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side of the rooster and is displaced downstream in the swirl direction as the distance from the air hole increases. A plurality of rectifying plates can be provided in the rooster along the circumferential direction of the combustion chamber.

(effect)
By providing such a rectifying plate, a swirling flow can be reliably formed inside the combustion chamber, and the fuel supplied on the rooster is moved in the swirling direction by the air from below and rides on the upper surface of the rectifying plate. It will be. Therefore, the fuel can easily float on the swirl flow inside the combustion chamber, and the combustion effect can be enhanced.

(Feature configuration)
In the combustion apparatus according to the present invention, the fuel supply mechanism includes a drive unit that rotates the fuel storage unit around the main body, and the scraping member is located on a rotation locus of the fuel storage unit. Thus, a plate-like member fixed to the main body in a state of being located closer to the inner peripheral side toward the lower side in the rotation direction of the fuel storage portion.

(effect)
As in this configuration, the fuel can be evenly supplied to the combustion chamber by using a simple configuration in which the scraping member is fixed and the fuel storage section is rotated.
Further, according to this configuration, the fuel supply speed can be adjusted only by changing the rotation speed of the fuel storage section, and the combustion state can be optimally maintained inside the combustion chamber.

(Feature configuration)
In the combustion apparatus according to the present invention, the combustion chamber has a first combustion chamber below and a second combustion chamber above by a second rooster having a plurality of second air holes having a larger opening area than the air holes. And a second fuel supply mechanism that supplies solid or powdered second fuel to the second combustion chamber.

(effect)
By providing two upper and lower combustion chambers, two types of fuels having different shapes and combustion characteristics can be simultaneously burned individually. In particular, in the fuel in the second combustion chamber, the high-temperature exhaust heat generated in the first combustion chamber is supplied from below, so that, for example, even fuel with a large external dimension is heated and burned quickly. be able to.

(Feature configuration)
The fuel drying plant according to the present invention includes a dryer that obtains dry fuel by drying the same fuel as the fuel supplied to the combustion device, and supplies the fuel to the fuel storage unit and the dryer. A third fuel supply mechanism may be provided, and an exhaust duct of the combustion chamber may be connected to the dryer.

(effect)
If it is this structure, a part of fuel dried with a fuel drying plant can be used as a fuel of the combustion apparatus which produces | generates the high temperature gas supplied to the said fuel drying plant. Therefore, it is not necessary to prepare a separate heat source for the combustion apparatus, and the fuel cost required for the entire fuel drying plant can be reduced.
In particular, since the fuel used in the combustion apparatus is solid or powder, it is easier to store and manage the fuel and transport it to the combustion apparatus and the dryer as compared with a general combustible gas. Therefore, the apparatus configuration of the fuel drying plant is very simple.

It is a schematic diagram which shows the outline | summary of the combustion apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the principal part of the combustion apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the principal part of the combustion apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the outline | summary of the combustion apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the principal part of the combustion apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows a fuel drying plant.

[First Embodiment]
An example of the combustion apparatus S according to the present invention is shown in FIGS. The apparatus according to the present embodiment mainly burns solid or powdered fuel. The combustion apparatus S includes, for example, a cylindrical combustion chamber 1 and a rooster 2 that is provided at the bottom of the combustion chamber 1 and on which fuel is placed. The rooster 2 is provided with a plurality of air holes 21 for supplying combustion air from below and at least one discharge hole 22 for discharging combustion ash downward.

  A fuel storage unit 3 is provided outside the combustion chamber 1 for temporarily storing fuel before being supplied to the combustion chamber 1. Combustion air is supplied from an air supply chamber 4 provided below the rooster 2 to the fuel charged into the combustion chamber 1 from the fuel reservoir 3. However, when the operation of the combustion device S is started, the fuel is ignited by the ignition device 11 provided on the wall C1 of the main body C. A rectifying plate 23 is provided on the upper surface of the rooster 2, and a swirling flow is formed inside the combustion chamber 1 by changing the flow direction of the air jetted from the air hole 21 into the combustion chamber 1.

  The combustion apparatus S having such a configuration can burn solid fuel such as biomass and waste, for example, and the exhaust gas after combustion can be used as a heat source for heat exchange in various plants. The combustion apparatus S can also be used as an incinerator for the purpose of combustion of waste and the like. Hereinafter, each configuration of the combustion apparatus S will be described in detail.

[Main unit]
The combustion apparatus S of the present embodiment includes a vertically long main body C, and in order from the bottom, an ash pit 5 for storing combustion ash, an air supply chamber 4 for supplying combustion air, a combustion chamber 1 for burning fuel, and an exhaust to the outside An exhaust port 12 is provided for escape. The outer portion of the main body C is made of, for example, a general steel plate or stainless steel plate. On the other hand, a heat-resistant material 13 such as a refractory brick is disposed on a part of the inner surface that particularly forms the combustion chamber 1. The heat-resistant material 13 can protect the main body C from combustion heat and maintain the inside of the combustion chamber 1 at a high temperature.

[Lostr]
At the bottom of the combustion chamber 1, a rooster 2 on which fuel is placed is provided. The rooster 2 is provided with a large number of air holes 21. For example, the air hole 21 is formed by configuring the rooster 2 with a plate member and providing a plurality of holes in the plate member. As another configuration, a plurality of rod-like members may be superposed in a lattice shape. In short, for example, even a relatively small size fuel such as sawdust can be placed so as not to fall downward, and any configuration may be used as long as combustion air can flow from below. 1 illustrates a conical shape with the center lowered, but a flat plate shape or an inverted conical shape with the center positioned upward may be used.

〔rectifier〕
As shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of rectifying plates 23 in which long plate members are inclined are arranged on the upper surface of the rooster 2 along the circumferential direction. The baffle plate 23 is provided in the rooster 2 in a state where it extends over the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side of the rooster 2 and is displaced downstream in the turning direction as the distance from the air hole 21 increases. As a specific shape, FIG. 1 shows an example in which eight sheets are formed by bending a plate surface into a bowl shape. The current plate 23 may be formed separately from the rooster 2 and fixed to the rooster 2 with bolts or the like, or may be integrally formed with the rooster 2 from the beginning by casting or the like. .

  The flow direction of the air blown out from the air holes 21 is changed by the rectifying plate 23, and a swirling flow is formed inside the combustion chamber 1. As a result, the fuel tends to float on the swirl flow inside the combustion chamber 1, and the combustion rate is increased by heating the fuel uniformly from the surroundings. Further, the fuel below the combustion chamber 1 collides with the rectifying plate 23 from the windward side by the swirling flow, and the fuel is forcibly lifted, so that the fuel can be floated more reliably inside the combustion chamber 1.

  In order to form a swirl flow inside the combustion chamber 1, the penetrating direction of the air hole 21 may be inclined in the swirl direction without using the rectifying plate 23 as described above. Further, a fin-like protrusion that keeps the swirling flow may be provided on the inner wall of the combustion chamber 1 or a spiral groove may be formed.

  At the center position of the rooster 2, a discharge hole 22 is provided for dropping the combustion ash downward. The discharge hole 22 is formed using, for example, a cylindrical member 24 and is provided in a state in which the ash pit 5 provided below the air supply chamber 4 and the combustion chamber 1 communicate with each other. Since the ash after combustion is lightweight, it is normally discharged to the outside together with the exhaust from the exhaust port 12 provided above the combustion chamber 1. However, the swirling speed of the air inside the combustion chamber 1 is lower at the center, so that some of the combustion ash falls at the center position. Such combustion ash is guided to the lower ash pit 5 through the discharge hole 22. The combustion ash deposited in the ash pit 5 is periodically taken out from an outlet 51 formed at the bottom.

  In order to keep the inside of the combustion chamber 1 airtight when taking out the combustion ash, for example, a rotary shutter 52 may be provided inside the cylindrical member 24. The shutter 52 is rotated by a rotating mechanism (not shown). The rotation mechanism may be manual or motor driven. When the combustion ash is discharged from the outlet 51 of the ash pit 5, the shutter 52 is closed to prevent the internal pressure of the combustion chamber 1 from being lowered. By closing the shutter 52, it is possible to prevent the internal temperature of the combustion chamber 1 from being lowered. On the other hand, when the outlet 51 is in the closed position, the shutter 52 is set in the open position so that the combustion ash falls from the combustion chamber 1 to the ash pit 5.

  Instead of the shutter 52, another sealing mechanism may be provided. For example, if a discharge device such as a fuel feeder 31 described later is provided at the position of the outlet 51, the ash is discharged to the outside by a screw member while maintaining the ash pit 5 and the combustion chamber 1 airtight from the outside. Can do.

[Fuel supply mechanism]
The fuel supply mechanism F of the present embodiment includes a fuel storage unit 3, a fuel feeder 31 that conveys fuel to the fuel storage unit 3, and a fuel supply port C2 in which the fuel in the fuel storage unit 3 is provided around the main body C. The drive unit 32 rotates the fuel storage unit 3 so as to be supplied to the inside of the combustion chamber 1 from the inside, and the holding member 33 and the scraping member 34 that guide the fuel to the fuel supply port C2 inside the fuel storage unit 3. The

  This combustion apparatus S is particularly characterized in that fuel is supplied from the outer periphery of the combustion apparatus S. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of fuel supply ports C2 are provided along the periphery of the combustion chamber 1, and the fuel reservoir 3 is formed in a state surrounding the fuel supply ports C2.

  The fuel reservoir 3 rotates around the main body C of the combustion device S. By rotating the fuel storage unit 3, the fuel can be evenly dispersed inside the combustion chamber 1. The drive unit 32 of the fuel storage unit 3 includes a ring gear 321 provided at the bottom of the fuel storage unit 3 and a motor 322 provided in the main body C so as to drive the ring gear 321. The ring gear 321 is mounted on the flange C3 formed to protrude from the outer peripheral portion of the main body C via the rolling member 35. As the rolling member 35, an appropriate member such as a ball bearing or a wheel is used.

  In addition, as the drive part 32, the rolling member 35 may be provided in the main body C side. Moreover, in order to rotate the fuel storage part 3, you may provide not only the rolling member 35 but the sliding member with a low friction coefficient between the main bodies C.

  The fuel is stored in the fuel storage unit 3 so as to block the fuel supply ports C2 distributed and arranged on the wall C1 of the main body C. Thereby, the internal temperature of the combustion chamber 1 is reliably maintained, and the combustion state is well maintained. First, the fuel is introduced into one place of the annular fuel reservoir 3 by the fuel feeder 31. The fuel is pushed downward while being conveyed to the lower side in the rotational direction by a pressing member 33 that rotates together with the fuel storage unit 3.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the pressing member 33 is formed to protrude inward from the inner surface of the wall portion of the fuel storage portion 3. Each presser member 33 is lowered toward the fuel supply port C2 toward the upper side in the rotational direction of the fuel reservoir 3. Thereby, the pressing member 33 that rotates together with the fuel storage unit 3 presses the fuel downward. In the present embodiment, four pressing members 33 are provided, but the number of installation members is arbitrary. Further, the pressing member 33 may be provided not on the fuel storage unit 3 but on the main body C side. In that case, the posture of the pressing member 33 is configured to be lower toward the lower side in the rotation direction of the fuel storage unit 3.

  The fuel pressed downward by the presser member 33 is introduced into the combustion chamber 1 by a scraping member 34 provided below the presser member 33. The scraping member 34 is a plate-like member that is on the rotation locus of the fuel storage unit 3 and is located on the inner peripheral side toward the lower side in the rotation direction of the fuel storage unit 3. The scraping member 34 is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the main body C. The fuel that rotates together with the fuel reservoir 3 abuts against the scraping member 34, is guided inward in the rotational direction, and is introduced into the combustion chamber 1 through the fuel supply port C2.

  When the fuel is introduced into the combustion chamber 1, an air seal portion 6 may be provided to prevent the fuel from leaking downward from the gap between the fuel storage portion 3 and the main body C. For example, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, a seal wall portion 61 that faces the outer surface of the main body C is provided on the inner peripheral portion of the bottom of the fuel storage portion 3. On the other hand, on the main body C side, a plurality of hole portions 62 are provided along the circumferential direction so as to face the seal wall portion 61. The inside of the hole 62 is the air supply chamber 4, and high-pressure air blows out toward the seal wall 61. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the fuel from leaking from the gap between the inner peripheral edge of the fuel reservoir 3 and the outer surface of the main body C.

  Although not shown, if a rubber seal material, for example, is provided between the lower end of the seal wall 61 and the main body C, all of the air ejected from the hole 62 will be in the fuel reservoir 3. Since it faces toward the side, the effect of preventing fuel leakage can be enhanced.

  By providing the fuel reservoir 3 around the combustion chamber 1 as in this configuration, the fuel is preheated by the heat of the combustion chamber 1 and combustion efficiency can be increased. Further, the combustion air is swirled inside the combustion chamber 1, and the flow velocity of the swirling flow at that time is larger toward the outer peripheral side. Therefore, by supplying fuel from the periphery of the combustion chamber 1, the amount of air supplied to the fuel increases and the combustion speed increases. Further, particularly when the fuel is light, such as in powder form, the fuel swirls and floats inside the combustion chamber 1 due to air having a high flow velocity. As a result, combustion proceeds from the entire circumference of the fuel, the combustion speed is further increased, and the combustion device S having a large calorific value per time can be obtained.

  The combustion apparatus S of the present embodiment can efficiently supply fuel with a simple configuration in which only the rotating fuel reservoir 3 and the fixed scraping member 34 are provided. Furthermore, it is easy to change the rotation speed of the fuel storage unit 3, and the fuel supply speed can be arbitrarily adjusted.

  In addition, although illustration is abbreviate | omitted, in order to convey a fuel with the fuel storage part 3 reliably, you may provide the protrusion etc. in the inner wall of the fuel storage part 3, for example. That is, a small plate-like member or the like is attached in a state in which the longitudinal direction thereof is along the height direction of the fuel storage portion 3, and a plurality of such members are dispersedly arranged along the circumferential direction. Thereby, it is possible to prevent a situation in which the fuel is left behind from the rotation of the fuel storage unit 3 and is not conveyed in the circumferential direction.

  The operation speeds of the fuel feeder 31 and the drive unit 32 are adjusted by operating the operation panel 7. In that case, a photoelectric tube or a weight sensor for detecting the height of the fuel may be provided in the fuel storage unit 3, and these may be automatically driven in accordance with a decrease in the fuel. It may be set in advance so as to be driven by the number of rotations. Further, various thermometers for measuring the internal temperature of the combustion chamber 1 may be provided, and the rotational speed of the fuel storage unit 3 may be determined so as to ensure a predetermined combustion temperature. In addition, manual driving by an operator is not limited to automatic driving.

[Air supply section]
As shown in FIG. 1, an air supply chamber 4 is provided below the rooster 2 so that combustion air is supplied to the combustion chamber 1 from below the rooster 2, and air is supplied from the blower 41 to the air supply chamber 4. The air supply chamber 4 stabilizes the received air at a constant pressure, and air at an equal speed is blown out from the respective air holes 21 formed in the rooster 2.

  A duct 42 connecting the blower 41 and the air supply chamber 4 passes through the inside of the ash pit 5, and the air before being introduced into the air supply chamber 4 is preheated. By this preheating, the temperature drop of the combustion chamber 1 when air is injected into the combustion chamber 1 is prevented, and the combustion efficiency can be increased.

  When the air discharged from the blower 41 is preheated in advance outside the main body C, the duct 42 does not need to pass through the ash pit 5 and is directly connected to the air supply chamber 4. Also good. Furthermore, the air may be guided to the air supply chamber 4 without performing such preheating.

[Ignition device]
The wall C1 of the combustion chamber 1 is provided with an ignition device 11 that performs initial ignition of fuel. The igniter 11 mixes various flammable gases with air, and projects an ignition-formed flame toward the fuel. By setting the flame projection direction at an angle with respect to the radial direction of the combustion chamber 1, for example, the flame is accompanied by a flowing air flow, so that it is possible to assist in forming a swirl flow inside the combustion chamber 1. Note that the operation of the ignition device 11 is stopped after the fuel starts continuous combustion. The ignition device 11 is operated by operating the operation panel 7.

[Second Embodiment]
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the combustion chamber 1 can be configured in two stages. That is, another second rooster 2b is provided on the rooster 2 (hereinafter referred to as "first rooster 2a"). The combustion chamber below the second rooster 2b is referred to as a first combustion chamber 1a, and the upper combustion chamber is referred to as a second combustion chamber 1b. The 2nd air hole 21b provided in the 2nd rooster 2b sets opening area larger than the 1st air hole 21a of the 1st rooster 2a. The second fuel supplied to the second combustion chamber 1b is also solid or powder. For example, when the 1st fuel thrown into the 1st combustion chamber 1a is sawdust etc., the 2nd fuel is a wood chip etc. with a larger particle size than it.

  By providing combustion chambers at the top and bottom, two types of fuels having different shapes and combustion characteristics can be burned simultaneously. Particularly in the case of the fuel in the second combustion chamber 1b, the high-temperature exhaust heat generated in the first combustion chamber 1a is supplied from below, so that even a fuel having a large external dimension can be heated and burned quickly. it can.

  A second fuel supply mechanism F2 for supplying a second fuel is provided outside the second combustion chamber 1b. The second fuel supply mechanism F2 includes a second fuel feeder 31b having the same configuration as the fuel feeder 31 (first fuel feeder 31a) of the first embodiment. However, the structure for dispersing the fuel in the upper part of the second rooster 2b is different from that of the first embodiment. In the present embodiment, the fuel supply side does not move, but the second rooster 2b rotates.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the second rooster 2 b is supported around the periphery by a second ring gear 323. The second ring gear 323 is placed on a second flange C3a provided outside the main body C via a second rolling member 35b. The second ring gear 323 is rotationally driven by a second motor 324 provided in the main body C. The second motor 324 can be adjusted to a predetermined rotational speed by operating the operation panel 7.

  Similar to the first rooster 2a, the second rooster 2b has a conical shape with a lowered central portion, for example. Thereby, the 2nd fuel thrown into the outer peripheral part is efficiently disperse | distributed to the center part by the effect | action etc. of the air supplied from the downward direction.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the second air hole 21b may be a plate-like rooster member provided with many circular holes, or a rod-like member such as a net member combined in a lattice shape. May be. In short, any configuration may be used as long as it can hold the placed second fuel and can pass the hot air from the first combustion chamber 1a. Further, the second air hole 21b has a directional component along the circumferential direction with respect to the second rooster 2b and obliquely penetrates the second rooster 2b, and swirls into the second combustion chamber 1b. It is also possible to form a flow.

  A second cylinder member 24b that discharges combustion ash generated in the second combustion chamber 1b downward is provided at the center of the second rooster 2b. The lower end portion of the second cylinder member 24b is formed in a tapered shape, and enters the inside of the first cylinder member 24a provided in the first rooster 2a. Thereby, the combustion ash produced in the second combustion chamber 1b can be discharged into the ash pit 5 so as not to be scattered inside the first combustion chamber 1a. In addition, a certain gap is provided between the inner surface of the first cylinder member 24a and the outer surface of the second cylinder member 24b in order to drop the combustion ash generated in the first combustion chamber 1a downward.

  The second rooster 2b is not necessarily rotated. For example, when a swirl flow is formed inside the second combustion chamber 1b, the second fuel supplied from one place of the wall C1 is easily dispersed as appropriate by the swirl flow.

  Only one ignition device 11 may be provided in the second combustion chamber 1b. Since the hole diameter of the second air hole 21b is relatively large, the flame of the ignition device 11 reaches the first combustion chamber 1a. Therefore, even if there is one ignition device 11, it is possible to ignite both the first fuel and the second fuel.

  First fuel supply mechanism F1 (previous fuel supply mechanism F) and second fuel supply mechanism F2, ignition device 11, first fuel storage unit 3a (previous fuel storage unit 3) drive unit 32a, second rooster 2b The drive unit 32 b and the air supply blower 41 can be operated automatically or manually depending on the setting of the operation panel 7.

  Of the configurations other than the above-described configuration according to the second embodiment, for example, the configurations applicable to the combustion device of the second embodiment among the configurations in the first embodiment are naturally disclosed as the second embodiment. It shall be.

[Third Embodiment]
Combustion device S concerning the above-mentioned embodiment can constitute fuel drying plant P, for example in combination with another dryer. As shown in FIG. 6, the 1st dryer 81 and the 2nd dryer 82 are provided adjacent to the combustion apparatus S, and the high temperature exhaust gas obtained with the combustion apparatus S is distributed to each dryer. Sawdust and the like used as the first fuel can be dried as they are and separately used as a powder fuel. Further, the second fuel such as a wood chip can be dried to be used as a fuel. With such a fuel drying plant P, since the high-temperature exhaust used for the drying process can use the same first fuel and second fuel, an extremely efficient fuel drying plant P can be obtained.

  The first fuel is stored in the first fuel pit 91 adjacent to the first dryer 81, and the combustion device S, the first dryer 81, and the like are connected by a belt conveyor (an example of a third fuel supply mechanism) that is not shown. To supply. Similarly, the second fuel is supplied from the second fuel pit 92 to the combustion device S and the second dryer 82 using a belt conveyor or the like.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 6, a first exhaust duct 93 communicating with the first dryer 81 and a second exhaust duct 94 communicating with the second dryer 82 are branched at the upper portion of the combustion device S. Keep it. A control valve 95 that distributes the exhaust gas to both ducts 93 and 94 is provided at the branch portion. The control valve 95 can be set at an arbitrary position by driving the third motor 96 via the operation panel 7. That is, the high-temperature exhaust gas can be selectively distributed to the first dryer 81 and the second dryer 82, or can be distributed to a predetermined ratio.

  In the present embodiment, the example in which the two dryers 81 and 82 are connected to the combustion device S according to FIG. 4 is shown. However, in addition to this, a pair of dryers and fuel are connected to the combustion device S according to FIG. A pit may be connected.

  By making a part of the fuel produced by drying as the fuel of the combustion device S in this way, the fuel cost of the fuel drying plant P can be reduced. Further, since the fuel supplied to the combustion apparatus S only transports a part of the fuel stored to be the dry fuel to the combustion apparatus S, the fuel supply mechanism F of the combustion apparatus S is configured very simply. Therefore, the fuel drying plant P can be obtained without providing special incidental facilities.

  The combustion apparatus according to the present invention can be widely applied to a combustion apparatus that combusts powder or lump solid fuel such as biomass and waste, and a fuel drying plant that generates dry fuel using the combustion apparatus.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Combustion chamber 1a 1st combustion chamber 1b 2nd combustion chamber 11 Ignition device 2 Rooster 2b 2nd rooster 21 Air hole 21b 2nd air hole 22 Discharge hole 23 Current plate 3 Fuel storage part 32 Drive part 34 Stake member 4 Air supply Chamber 81, 82 Dryer 93, 94 Exhaust duct C Main body C2 Fuel supply port F Fuel supply mechanism F2 Second fuel supply mechanism S Combustion device

Claims (5)

A cylindrical body containing a combustion chamber for burning solid or powdered fuel;
A rooster that is provided at the bottom of the combustion chamber and has a plurality of air holes that supply combustion air from below and at least one discharge hole that discharges combustion ash downward;
A fuel reservoir provided outside the main body;
An ignition device that performs initial ignition on the fuel that has been introduced into the combustion chamber from the fuel reservoir;
An air supply chamber located below the rooster and supplying the combustion air to the combustion chamber;
A rectifying plate disposed opposite to the air hole so as to swirl the air blown into the combustion chamber from the air hole inside the combustion chamber;
A plurality of fuel supply ports provided along the periphery of the combustion chamber;
The annular fuel storage portion provided around the body so that the fuel is stored while closing the fuel supply port;
A combustion apparatus, comprising a scraping member that is disposed in the fuel storage section and moves the fuel from the fuel supply port to the inside of the combustion chamber.   The flow straightening plate extends across the inner and outer circumferential sides of the rooster, and is displaced in the swirl direction downstream as it is spaced upward from the air hole. The combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the combustion apparatuses are provided along a circumferential direction. The fuel supply mechanism includes a drive unit that rotates the fuel storage unit around the main body,
2. The plate-like member fixed to the main body in a state in which the scraping member is located on the inner circumference side toward the lower side in the rotation direction of the fuel storage unit on the rotation trajectory of the fuel storage unit. Or the combustion apparatus of 2.   The combustion chamber is partitioned into a lower first combustion chamber and an upper second combustion chamber by a second rooster having a plurality of second air holes having a larger opening area than the air holes, and the second combustion chamber includes: The combustion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a second fuel supply mechanism for supplying a solid or powdered second fuel. A dryer for obtaining dry fuel by drying the same fuel as the fuel supplied to the combustion device;
A third fuel supply mechanism for supplying the fuel to the fuel reservoir and the dryer;
The fuel drying plant provided with the combustion apparatus as described in any one of Claim 1 to 4 which connected the exhaust duct of the said combustion chamber to the said dryer.

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