JP2018051296A - Dimple patterns of golf balls - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for arranging dimples on a golf ball surface in which the dimples are arranged in a pattern derived from at least one irregular domain generated from a regular or non-regular polyhedron.SOLUTION: The method includes choosing control points of a polyhedron, generating an irregular domain on the basis of those control points, packing the irregular domain with dimples, and tessellating the irregular domain to cover the surface of the golf ball. The control points include the center of a polyhedral face, a vertex of the polyhedron, a midpoint or other point on an edge of the polyhedron and others. The method preserves the symmetry of the underlying polyhedron while certainly minimizing or eliminating great circles due to parting lines.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 11M

Description

  The present invention relates to a golf ball, and more particularly to a golf ball that holds a specially packed dimple pattern. More specifically, the present invention generates irregular domains based on a polyhedron, packs the irregular domains with dimples, and scatters these domains on the surface of the golf ball, thereby dimples on the surface of the golf ball. Relates to a method of arranging

  Historically, dimple patterns have been accompanied by numerous types of geometric shapes, appearances and structures. Basically, the layout of the pattern achieves the desired performance characteristics based on the individual ball structure, material characteristics, and player characteristics that affect the initial launch conditions of the ball. Therefore, pattern development is a secondary design process that is used to match the desired aerodynamic behavior to finish the flight characteristics and performance of the ball.

  The aerodynamic force that occurs when the ball flies is the product of its speed and spin. These forces can be expressed as lift and drag. Lift is perpendicular to the direction of flight and is the product of the difference between the upper and lower air velocities caused by the rotation of the ball. This phenomenon is largely attributed to Magnus, who explained it in 1853 after studying the aerodynamic forces acting on the rotating spheres and cylinders, which is Bernoulli's law, the first of aerodynamics. It is described by a simplified law. Bernoulli's law shows the relationship between pressure and velocity when the pressure is proportional to the square of velocity. The speed difference, i.e. faster air movement on the upper side and slower air movement on the lower side, reduces the air pressure on the upper side of the ball and creates an upward force on the upper side of the ball.

  On one side, drag is opposite to the direction of flight and is orthogonal to lift. The drag on the ball is subject to parasitic drag, which includes shape, ie pressure drag and viscosity or skin friction drag. A sphere is an object that forms a wall and itself has an aerodynamically inefficient shape. As a result, the accelerated flow field around the ball creates a large pressure difference between the high pressure at the front of the ball and the low pressure at the back of the ball. The low pressure on the back of the ball is also known as wake. To reduce pressure drag, the dimples provide a means to activate the flow field behind the ball to delay flow separation or reduce the wake area. Skin friction is a viscous effect that exists close to the surface of the ball in the boundary region.

  Although the industry has made many efforts to maximize the aerodynamic efficiency of golf balls through dimple turbulence, the industry has established a national administrative body for golf, the United States Golf Association (U.S.). S. G. A.) is closely controlled. One of the USGA regulations is that golf balls are aerodynamically symmetric. Aerodynamic symmetry allows the golf ball to fly with little or no change, no matter how the golf ball is placed on the tee or ground. Preferably, the dimples cover the maximum surface area of the golf ball without adversely affecting the aerodynamic symmetry of the golf ball.

  Many dimple patterns are based on geometry to improve aerodynamic symmetry. These will include circles, hexagons, triangles, etc. Other dimple patterns are generally based on five Platonic solids, including icosahedron, dodecahedron, octahedron, cube, or tetrahedron. Still other dimple patterns include thirteen Archimedean solids, eg, small icosahedron, dodecahedron, rhomboid dodecahedron, dodecahedron octahedron, twisted cube, twisted dodecahedron, or truncated dihedral. Based on decahedron. Furthermore, other dimple patterns are based on hexagonal dipyramids. Since the number of symmetric solid surface systems is limited, it is difficult to devise a new symmetric pattern. Furthermore, dimple patterns based on some of these geometries do not provide an ideal surface coverage and other disadvantageous dimple arrangements. Accordingly, attempts have been made to produce golf balls in which dimple characteristics such as number, shape, size, volume, and arrangement are often manipulated to improve aerodynamic characteristics.

  U.S. Pat. No. 5,562,552 (Thurman, U.S. Pat. No. 5,677,099) discloses a golf ball with an icosahedral dimple pattern, where each triangular face of the icosahedron is the corner of the face. Is divided by three straight lines to form three triangular faces for each icosahedron face, and the dimples are consistently arranged in an icosahedron face shape.

  U.S. Pat. No. 5,046,742 (Mackey, U.S. Pat. No. 6,057,095) discloses a golf ball in which dimples are packed in a 32-sided polyhedron consisting of hexagons and pentagons, where each hexagon and each pentagon. The dimple pack is the same.

  U.S. Pat. No. 4,998,733 (Lee, US Pat. No. 5,697,099) discloses a golf ball consisting of ten "spherical" hexagons, each hexagon divided into six equilateral triangles, where each The triangle is divided by a bisector extending between the vertex and the midpoint of the side facing the vertex, and the bisector is oriented to improve symmetry.

  U.S. Pat. No. 6,682,442 (Winfield, US Pat. No. 5,697,097) uses a polygon as a pack element for dimples and introduces a predictable variance in the dimple pattern. The polygon extends from the pole of the ball to the separation line. Any space that is not filled with dimples in the polygon is filled with other dimples.

US Pat. No. 5,562,552 US Pat. No. 5,046,742 US Pat. No. 4,998,733 US Pat. No. 6,682,442

  In one embodiment, the present invention is directed to a golf ball having an outer surface having a separation line and a plurality of dimples. The dimples are arranged into multiple copies of one or more irregular domains that coat the outer surface in a uniform pattern. A non-regular domain is defined by a non-linear segment, and one non-linear segment of each of the multiple copies of the non-regular domain forms a separation line.

  In another embodiment, the present invention is directed to a method of arranging a plurality of dimples on a golf ball surface. This method uses a midpoint / midpoint method to generate first and second irregular domains based on a tetrahedron, maps the first and second irregular domains to a sphere, Packing the first and second irregular domains with dimples and interspersing the first and second domains to cover the sphere in a uniform pattern. The midpoint / midpoint method provides a single face of a tetrahedron with a first edge connected at a vertex to a second edge, and the midpoint of the first edge is the midpoint of the second edge The first non-regular domain surrounded by the segment and the copy by connecting the non-linear segment and rotating the copy of the segment around the communication of the face so that the segment and its copy sufficiently surround the center Forming and rotating subsequent copies of the segment around the vertices to form a second non-regular domain in which the segments and copies are sufficiently enclosed by the segments and subsequent copies.

  In another embodiment, the invention is directed to a golf ball having an outer surface having a plurality of dimples, where the dimples are arranged in the following manner. That is, this method generates a first and second irregular domains based on a tetrahedron using a midpoint / midpoint method, and maps the first and second irregular domains to a sphere. , Packing the first and second irregular domains with dimples and interspersing the first and second domains to cover the sphere in a uniform pattern.

In another embodiment, the invention relates to a golf ball having an outer surface that includes a plurality of dimples disposed thereon. The dimples are arranged in a plurality of copies of the first domain and the second domain, and the first domain and the second domain are free of a large circle composed of four first domains and four second domains. Mosaic is formed to cover the outer surface of the golf ball with a uniform pattern. The dimple pattern in the first domain is different from the dimple pattern in the second domain. The plurality of dimples includes dimples having at least two different diameters, including a maximum dimple diameter and at least one additional dimple diameter. Each of two or more different dimple diameters on the ball has a first domain diameter ratio and a second domain diameter ratio defined below.
First domain diameter ratio = SD1 / (SD1 + SD2)
Second domain diameter ratio = SD2 / (SD1 + SD2)
Where SD1 is the number of identical diameter dimples located in the first domain having that diameter, and SD2 is the number of identical diameter dimples located in the second domain having that diameter. is there. In a specific aspect of this embodiment, for each given diameter on the ball, SD1 ≦ (SD2) / 2, or SD1 ≧ 2 (SD2). In another specific aspect of this embodiment, SD1 = SD2 for the maximum dimple diameter and SD1 ≦ (SD2) / 2 or SD1 ≧ 2 (SD2) for each additional dimple diameter.

  BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The accompanying drawings form part of the specification and are to be understood in relation to them, in which like reference numerals are used to indicate like parts in the various views.

1 shows a golf ball in which dimples are arranged by the method of the present invention. A polyhedral face is shown. 1B shows an element of this invention in the polyhedral mace of FIG. 1B. 1D shows a domain generated by the method of the invention, packed by dimples, and formed from the two elements of FIG. 1C. Fig. 5 shows a polyhedral single face with control points. A polyhedral face is shown. Fig. 4 shows elements of the invention packed in dimples. FIG. 4 shows the domain of the present invention packed with dimples generated from the elements of FIG. 3B. 3D shows a golf ball formed from the method of the present invention generated from the domain of FIG. 3C. Two polyhedral faces are shown. 4B shows the first domain of the present invention in the two polyhedral faces of FIG. 4A. Fig. 4 shows a first domain and a second domain of the present invention in three polyhedral faces. 4D shows a golf ball formed from the method of the present invention generated from the domain of FIG. 4C. A polyhedral face is shown. 1 shows a first domain of the invention in a polyhedral face. 3 shows a first domain and a second domain of the invention in a polyhedral face. 5D shows a golf ball formed from the method of the present invention generated from the domain of FIG. 5C. A polyhedral face is shown. Fig. 2 shows a part of the domain of the invention in a polyhedral face. The domain produced | generated by the method of this invention is shown. 6D shows a golf ball formed by the method of the present invention generated from the domain of FIG. 6C. A polyhedral face is shown. 7B shows the domain of the present invention in the polyhedral face of FIG. 7A. The golf ball formed by this first smile method is shown. 1 shows a first element of the invention in a polyhedral face. 8B shows the first and second elements of the present invention in the polyhedral face of FIG. 8A. FIG. Fig. 9 shows two domains of the invention composed of the first and second elements of Fig. 8B. FIG. 9 shows a single domain of the invention based on the two domains of FIG. 8C. 8D shows a golf ball formed from the method of the present invention generated from the domain of FIG. 8D. A polyhedral face is shown. 8B shows elements of this invention in the polyhedral face of FIG. 8A. FIG. 9B illustrates the two elements of FIG. 9B that combine to form one domain of the invention. 9D shows a domain generated by the method of the present invention based on the elements of FIG. 9C. 9D shows a golf ball formed from the method of the present invention generated from the domain of FIG. 9D. An oblique dodecahedron face is shown. FIG. 10A shows a segment of the invention in the face of FIG. 10A. FIG. 10B shows a segment of FIG. 10B that generates the domain of this invention and a copy thereof. 10D shows a domain generated by the method of the present invention based on the segment of FIG. 10C. 10D shows a golf ball formed by the method of the present invention generated from the domain of FIG. 10D. A tetrahedron projected on a sphere is shown. 11B shows the first domain of the present invention in the tetrahedral face of FIG. 11A. Fig. 3 shows a first domain and a second domain of the present invention projected onto a sphere. FIG. 11C shows the domains of FIG. 11C interspersed to cover the surface of the sphere. A portion of a golf ball formed using the method of the present invention is shown. 3 shows another portion of a golf ball formed using the method of the present invention. 1 shows a golf ball formed using the method of the present invention. It is a figure which shows a part of golf ball formed using the method of this invention. FIG. 4 shows another portion of a golf ball formed using the method of the present invention. It is a figure which shows the golf ball formed using the method of this invention. It is a figure which shows a part of golf ball formed using the method of this invention. FIG. 4 shows another portion of a golf ball formed using the method of the present invention. It is a figure which shows another part of the golf ball formed using the method of this invention. It is a figure which shows the method of determining a nearest dimple. It is a figure which shows the method of determining a nearest dimple. It is the schematic which shows the method of measuring the diameter of a dimple.

  The present invention provides a method of arranging dimples on a golf ball surface in a pattern derived from at least one irregular domain generated from a regular or irregular polyhedron. The method selects polyhedral control points, connects the control points to a non-linear sketch line, patterns the sketch line in a first manner to generate an irregular domain, and optionally includes a second Pattern sketch lines in a manner to generate additional irregular domains, pack irregular domains with dimples, and scatter irregular domains to cover the surface of the golf ball with a uniform pattern including. Control points include the center of the polyhedron face, the vertex of the polyhedron, the midpoint or other point on the edge of the polyhedron, and others. According to this method, the symmetry of the underlying polyhedron can be maintained, and a large circle due to a separation line derived from the molding process can be reliably minimized or eliminated.

  As shown in FIG. 1A, in a specific embodiment, the present invention involves a golf ball 10 having dimples 12. The dimples 12 are arranged by packing irregular domains 14 with dimples, as best shown in FIG. 1D. Non-regular domains 14 are generated in such a way that they give more symmetry than conventional balls when they are interspersed on the surface of the golf ball 10. The irregular shape of the domain 14 minimizes the appearance and effect of the golf ball separation lines derived from the molding process and provides more flexibility to the dimple arrangement than is available with regular shaped domains. .

  For the purposes of this invention, an “irregular domain” refers to a domain that is at least one and preferably not all straight with the hull surface that defines the boundary of the domain.

Irregular domains can be defined using any one of the example methods described herein. Each method generates one or more unique domains based on enclosing the sphere with a regular polyhedron. The vertices of an enclosed sphere based on the vertices of the corresponding polyhedron at the origin (0, 0, 0) are defined in Table 1 as follows:

Each method involves the following unique rules for the domain to be symmetrically patterned on the surface of the golf ball: Each method is defined by a combination of at least two control points. These control points are taken from one or more faces of a regular or irregular polyhedron and consist of at least three types: the polyhedral face center C; the regular polyhedron vertex V; The midpoint M of the edge of the polyhedron face. FIG. 2 shows an exemplary face 16 of a polyhedron (regular dodecahedron in this example), one of each center C, a midpoint M, a vertex V, and an edge E of the face 16. The two control points C, M or V may be the same or different types. Therefore, six methods for use with regular polyhedra are defined as follows.
1. Center to midpoint (C → M)
2. Center to center (C → C)
3. Vertex from center (C → V)
4). Midpoint to midpoint (M → M)
5. Midpoint to vertex (M → V)
6). Vertex to vertex (V → V)

  Although each method is different in detail, all follow the same basic scheme. First, a non-linear sketch line is drawn to connect the two control points. The sketch line may be any shape, including but not limited to arcs, splines, two or more straight lines, arc lines or curves, or combinations thereof. Second, the sketch lines are patterned in a manner that is specific to the method of forming the domain, which will be discussed below. Third, if necessary, the sketch line is patterned in a second manner that produces a second domain.

Referring now to FIGS. 5A-5D and FIGS. 11A-11M, the mid-to-mid method produces two domains that are interspersed to cover the surface of the golf ball 10. This domain is defined as follows:
1. Regular polyhedra are selected (FIGS. 5A-5D use dodecahedrons and FIGS. 11A-11M use tetrahedra);
2. A single face 16 of a regular polyhedron is projected onto the sphere, which is shown in FIGS. 5A and 11A;
3. The midpoint M ₁ of the first edge E ₁ of the face 16 and the midpoint M2 of the second edge E ₂ adjacent to the _first edge E ₁ are connected by a segment 18, which is shown in FIGS. 5A and 11A. Show;
4). The segments 18 to produce a first domain 14a is rotated at equal rotational angle and rotation at 360 / _{P E} of the center C of the face 16, which is shown in FIGS. 5A and 11A;
5. Segment 18 defines element 22 along with portions of _first edge E ₁ and second edge E ₂ between midpoints M ₁ and M ₂ , which are shown in FIGS. 5B and 11B;
6). Around the vertex V connecting the edges E ₁ and E ₂ , the element 22 is patterned to generate a second domain 14b, which is shown in FIGS. 5C and 11C. The number of segments in the pattern that generates the second domain is equal to P _F × P _E / P _V.

When the first domain 14a and the second domain 14b are interspersed to cover the surface of the golf ball 10 as shown in FIGS. 5D and 11D, a different number of complete domains 14a and 14b may result in control points M ₁ and Depending on the regular polyhedron selected on the basis of M ₂ . The number of first and second domains 14a and 14b which are employed to cover the surface of the golf ball 10, the first domain 14a is _{P F,} the second domain 14b is an _{P V} This is as shown in Table 5 below.

In a specific aspect of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 11A-11M, the segments 18 form part of the separation line of the golf ball 10. Thus, when the domains are interspersed to cover the direction of the ball, the segment 18 forms the truth of the ball and two false separation lines with each of its copies produced by steps 4 and 6 above.

  After the irregular domain is generated using any of the methods described above, the domain may be packed with dimples so that it can be used to create the golf ball 10.

  As shown in FIGS. 11E to 11M, a first domain and a second domain are created using a midpoint-to-midpoint method based on a tetrahedron. FIG. 11E shows the first domain 14a and a part of the second domain 14b filled with dimples, and the dimples of the first domain 14a are indicated by the letter a. FIG. 11F shows the second domain 14b and a part of the first domain 14a filled with dimples, and the dimples of the second domain 14b are indicated by the letter b. FIG. 11G shows the first domain 14 a and the second domain 14 b filled with dimples and scattered so as to cover the surface of the golf ball 10.

  FIG. 11H shows the first domain 14a filled with dimples and a part of the second domain 14b filled with dimples, but the dimples have different patterns from those shown in FIG. 11E. Packed. In FIG. 11H, the first domain 14a is indicated by shading. FIG. 11I shows the second domain 14b and a part of the first domain 14a with dimples filled in the domain in the same pattern as shown in FIG. 11H. In FIG. 11I, the second domain 14b is indicated by shading. FIG. 11J shows the first and second domains filled with dimples according to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 11H and 11I, which are interspersed to cover the surface of the golf ball 10.

  FIG. 11K shows the first domain 14a filled with dimples and a part of the second domain 14b. FIG. 11L shows a part of the first domain 14a and the second domain 14b filled with dimples. FIG. 11M shows first and second domains filled with dimples according to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 11K and 11L.

  In a specific example, as shown in FIGS. 11E to 11M, the dimple pattern of the first domain has a three-way rotational symmetry around the center point of the first domain, and the dimple pattern of the second domain is , Having three-way rotational symmetry around the center point of the second domain.

  In one embodiment, there is no limit on how the dimples are packed. In another embodiment, the dimples are packed so that the dimples do not intersect the line segment. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 11E to 11M, the dimples are filled into the first domain in a pattern different from the pattern of the second domain.

  In a specific embodiment, the dimples are packed such that all nearest adjacent dimples are substantially the same distance δ, and the average of all δ values is 0.002 inches to 0.020 inches. Yes, individual δ values vary by ± 0.005 inches from the average value. In the present invention, the nearest adjacent dimple is determined according to the following method. The two tangents are drawn from the center of the first dimple to the potential nearest neighboring dimple. Next, a line segment is drawn connecting the center of the first dimple and the center of the potential nearest dimple. If two tangents and line segments do not intersect with other dimple edges, they are considered as nearest neighbors. For example, as shown in FIG. 12A, two tangents 3A and 3B from the center of the first dimple 1 are drawn on the adjacent dimple 2 that is potentially closest. The line segment 4 is then drawn to connect the center of the first dimple 1 with the center of the adjacent dimple 2 that is potentially closest. Lines 3A and 3B and line segment 4 do not intersect the edges of the other dimples, so dimple 1 and dimple 2 are considered the nearest neighbors. As shown in FIG. 12B, two tangents 3A and 3B are drawn from the center of the first dimple 1 to the closest dimple 2 that is potentially closest. A line segment 4 is drawn connecting the center of the first dimple 1 and the center of the adjacent dimple 2 that is potentially closest. Since lines 3A and 3B intersect with alternate dimples, dimple 1 and dimple 2 are not considered the nearest neighbors. One skilled in the art will appreciate that in practice it is not necessary to draw line segments on the golf ball. Rather, a computer modeling program is preferably used that can perform this operation automatically.

ここで、Ａはディンプルの平面形状面積である。直径測定値は、図１３に従う完成したゴルフボールについて決定される。一般に、ボールの乱れのないランド表面からディンプルを分割する境界の不明瞭な性質のために、ディンプルの直径を測定することは困難であろう。塗料および／またはディンプルの設計自体の影響により、ランド表面とディンプルとの間の接合部は、鋭角ではない場合があり、そのため不明瞭である。これは、ディンプルの直径の測定を幾分曖昧にする。この問題を解決するために、完成したゴルフボールのディンプル直径を、図１３に示す方法に従って測定する。図１３は、ディンプル中心線３１からディンプル３３の外側のランド表面まで延びるディンプルの半分のプロファイル３４を示している。ボール仮想表面３２は、ディンプルの上にランド面３３から連続するものとして構成されている。第１の接線Ｔ１は仮想表面３２から半径方向内側に０．００３インチ離間したディンプル側壁上の点に構築される．Ｔ１は公称ディンプルエッジ位置を定める点Ｐ１で仮想表面３２と交差する。つぎに、第２の接線Ｔ２が、Ｐ１において仮想表面３２に接して構成されている。エッジ角はＴ１とＴ２の間の角度です。ディンプル直径は、Ｐ１とディンプル周囲に沿って直径方向に対向する等価点との間の距離である。あるいは、中心線３１に垂直な方向に測定された、Ｐ１とディンプル中心線３１との間の距離の２倍である。ディンプル深さは、ボールの仮想表面からディンプル上の最も深い点までのボール半径に沿って測定される距離である。ディンプル容積は、仮想表面３２とディンプル表面３４（ファントム表面と交差するまでＴ１に沿って延在する）との間に囲まれた空間である。 Each dimple typically has a diameter within a range having a lower limit of 0.050 or 0.100 inches and an upper limit of 0.205 or 0.250 inches. The diameter of the dimples having a non-circular planar shape is defined by the equivalent diameter d _e, which is calculated as follows.

Here, A is the planar shape area of the dimple. Diameter measurements are determined for the finished golf ball according to FIG. In general, it will be difficult to measure the dimple diameter because of the obscure nature of the boundaries that divide the dimples from the undisturbed land surface of the ball. Due to the influence of the paint and / or dimple design itself, the joint between the land surface and the dimple may not be acute and therefore unclear. This makes the dimple diameter measurement somewhat ambiguous. In order to solve this problem, the dimple diameter of the completed golf ball is measured according to the method shown in FIG. FIG. 13 shows a half profile 34 of the dimple extending from the dimple center line 31 to the outer land surface of the dimple 33. The ball virtual surface 32 is configured to be continuous from the land surface 33 on the dimple. The first tangent line T1 is constructed at a point on the dimple sidewall spaced 0.003 inches radially inward from the virtual surface 32. T1 intersects the virtual surface 32 at a point P1 that defines the nominal dimple edge position. Next, the second tangent line T2 is configured to contact the virtual surface 32 at P1. The edge angle is the angle between T1 and T2. The dimple diameter is a distance between P1 and an equivalent point that is diametrically opposed along the circumference of the dimple. Alternatively, it is twice the distance between P1 and the dimple center line 31 measured in the direction perpendicular to the center line 31. The dimple depth is a distance measured along the ball radius from the virtual surface of the ball to the deepest point on the dimple. The dimple volume is a space enclosed between the virtual surface 32 and the dimple surface 34 (extending along T1 until it intersects the phantom surface).

  In a specific embodiment, all dimples on the outer surface of the ball have the same diameter. It should be understood that “same diameter” dimples include dimples on the finished ball having diameters that differ by less than 0.005 inches due to manufacturing variability.

In other specific embodiments, two or more different dimple diameters are present on the outer surface of the ball, including the maximum diameter and one or more additional dimple diameters. In a specific aspect of this embodiment, the dimples are disposed in a plurality of copies of the first domain and the second domain formed according to the tetrahedron-based midpoint to midpoint method, and the first domain The second domain covers the surface of the golf ball with a uniform pattern without a great circle. The overall dimple pattern is composed of four first domains and four second domains. The dimple pattern in the first domain is different from the dimple pattern in the second domain. Each of the one or more different dimple diameters on the golf ball has a first domain diameter ratio and a second domain diameter ratio defined below.
First domain diameter ratio = SD1 / (SD1 + SD2)
Second domain diameter ratio = SD2 / (SD1 + SD2)
Where SD1 is the number of identical diameter dimples located in the first domain having that diameter, and SD2 is the number of identical diameter dimples located in the second domain having that diameter. is there. In a specific aspect of this embodiment, for each given diameter on the ball, SD1? (SD2) / 2, or SD1? 2 (SD2). In another specific aspect of this embodiment, SD1 = SD2 for the maximum dimple diameter and SD1? (SD2) / 2 or SD1? 2 (SD2) for each additional dimple diameter. The dimple optionally has one or more of the following additional characteristics.
a) The first domain is three-way rotational symmetry around the midpoint of the first domain, and the second domain is three-fold rotationally symmetric around the midpoint of the second domain .
b) The number of different dimple diameters in the first domain is the same as the number of different dimple diameters in the second domain.
c) The number of different dimple diameters in the first domain is different from the number of different dimple diameters in the second domain.
d) SD1 = 0 or SD2 = 0 for at least one dimple diameter.
e) SD1 = 0 or SD2 = 0 for the maximum dimple diameter.
f) SD1? 1 and SD2? 1 for all the given diameters on the ball.

したがって、図１１Ｋ〜１１Ｍで示す実施例において、最大ディンプル直径ＥについてＳＤ１＝ＳＤ２であり、付加的なディンプル直径Ａ、Ｂ、およびＣについてＳＤ１?（ＳＤ２）／２であり、付加的なディンプル直径ＤについてＳＤ１?２（ＳＤ２）である。 For example, in FIGS. 11K to 11M, the alphabetic labels in the dimples indicate the same diameter dimples, that is, all the dimples in the A label have the same diameter and all the dimples in the B label have the same diameter The same applies hereinafter. In specific aspects of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 11K-11M, the dimples designated A have a diameter of about 0.125 inches and the dimples labeled B have a diameter of about 0.148 inches. The dimples labeled with C have a diameter of approximately 0.166 inches, the dimples indicated with D have a diameter of 0.176 inches, and the dimples labeled with E are approximately .0 inch. It has a diameter of 198 inches. Therefore, according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 11M, when the first domain 14a and the second domain 14b are clipped around the outer surface of the golf ball, the total dimple pattern obtained is 328 dimples in total. And five different dimple diameters, including a maximum dimple diameter of 0.198 inches and four additional dimple diameters. SD1, Sd2, first domain diameter ratio, and second domain diameter ratio are given by Table 3 below for each of the five dimple diameters.

Thus, in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 11K-11M, SD1 = SD2 for the maximum dimple diameter E, SD1? (SD2) / 2 for the additional dimple diameters A, B, and C, and the additional dimple diameter. D is SD1-2 (SD2).

In particular aspects of embodiments disclosed herein having two or more different dimple diameters on the outer surface of the ball, the number of different dimple diameters D on the outer surface is related to the total number N of dimples on the outer surface. And
If N <312, D ≦ 5,
If N = 312, D ≦ 4,
If 312 <N <328, D ≦ 5,
If N = 328, D ≦ 6,
If 328 <N <352, D ≦ 5,
If N = 352, D ≦ 4,
If 352 <N <376, D ≦ 5,
If N = 376, D ≦ 7, and
If N> 376, D ≦ 5.

  In the example shown in FIG. 11J, the total number of dimples on the outer surface of the ball is 300, and the number of different dimple diameters is four. In FIGS. 11H and 11I, the label numbers in the dimples indicate dimples having the same diameter. For example, all dimples labeled 1 have the same diameter, all dimples labeled 2 have the same diameter, and so on. In particular aspects of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 11H and 11I, dimples labeled 1 have a diameter of about 0.170 inches and dimples labeled 2 have a diameter of about 0.180 inches. The dimples labeled 3 have a diameter of about 0.150 inches and the dimples labeled 4 have a diameter of 0.190 inches.

In another specific aspect of the embodiments disclosed herein where there are two or more different dimple diameters on the outer surface of the ball, the number of different dimple diameters D on the outer surface is the total number of dimples on the outer surface. N,
If N <320, D ≦ 4,
If 320 ≦ N <350, D ≦ 6,
If 350 ≦ N <360, then D ≦ 4, and
If N ≧ 360, D ≦ 7.

In another specific aspect of the embodiments disclosed herein where there are two or more different dimple diameters on the outer surface of the ball, the number of different dimple diameters D on the outer surface is the total number of dimples on the outer surface. N,
If N <328, D> 5,
If N = 328, D> 7,
If 328 <N <376, then D> 5,
If N = 376, D> 8 and
If N> 376, D> 5.

In another specific aspect of the embodiments disclosed herein where there are two or more different dimple diameters on the outer surface of the ball, the number of different dimple diameters D on the outer surface is the total number of dimples on the outer surface. N,
If N <320, D ≧ 6,
If 320 ≦ N <350, D ≧ 7,
If 350 ≦ N <360, then D ≧ 6, and
If N ≧ 360, D ≧ 9.

ここで、ｘ_ｉはボールの外面上の任意のディンプルの直径であり、ｘは平均ディンプル直径であり、Ｎはボールの外面上のディンプルの総数である。 In a more specific aspect of the above embodiment where there are two or more different dimple diameters on the outer surface of the ball, the total number of outer dimples is less than 320, the number of different dimple diameters is equal to 4, and the sample Standard deviation is less than 0.0175. In another more specific aspect of the above embodiment where there are two or more different dimple diameters on the outer surface of the ball, the total number of dimples on the outer surface is not less than 320 and less than 350, and the different dimple diameter is not more than six, The sample standard deviation is less than 0.0200. In another more specific aspect of the above embodiment where there are two or more different dimple diameters on the outer surface of the ball, the total number of dimples on the outer surface is 350 or more and less than 360, and the different dimple diameter is 4 or less, The sample standard deviation is less than 0.0155. In another more specific aspect of the above embodiment where there are two or more different dimple diameters on the outer surface of the ball, the total number of outer dimples is 360 or more and the number of different dimple diameters is 7 or less. The sample standard deviation is less than 0.0200. The sample standard deviation s is defined by the following equation.

Where x _i is the diameter of any dimple on the outer surface of the ball, x is the average dimple diameter, and N is the total number of dimples on the outer surface of the ball.

  It should be understood that manufacturing variability should be taken into account when determining the number of different dimple diameters. It is also necessary to consider the arrangement of the entire dimple in the pattern. Specifically, dimples located at the same position in multiple copies of domains joined to form a dimple pattern are assumed to be dimples of the same diameter unless the diameter differs by 0.005 inches or more. Is done.

  There are no restrictions on the shape or profile of the dimple selected to pack the domain. Although the present invention includes a substantially circular dimple in one embodiment, dimples or protrusions (brambles) with any desired characteristics and / or features may be employed. For example, in one embodiment, the dimples can be of various shapes and dimensions, including the depth and circumference of the sy tree. Specifically, the dimples may be concave hemispheres and may be triangular, square, hexagonal, catenary curves, polygons, or any other shape known to those skilled in the art. These may be accompanied by straight lines, curved lines, inclined edges or sides. In summary, any type of dimples or protrusions (brambles) known to those skilled in the art may be employed with the present invention. As long as the dimple arrangement in each of the domains in which the dimple arrangement is independent is consistent across all copies of the domain on the surface of the specific golf ball, it can be seen in FIGS. 1A, 1D, and 11E-11M. In addition, the dimples may all fit within each domain, or the dimples may be shared by one or more domains, as can be seen in FIGS. Alternatively, the studs form a pattern that covers more than about 60%, preferably more than about 70%, more preferably more than about 80% of the golf ball direction without employing dimples. it can.

  In other embodiments, the domains may not be packed with dimples, and irregular domain boundaries may instead have ridges or grooves. In golf balls with this type of irregular domains, one or more domains or sets of domains overlap to increase the surface coverage of the groove. Alternatively, the irregular domain boundaries may have ridges or grooves and these domains are packed with dimples.

When a domain is patterned in the direction of a golf ball, the resulting golf ball has a higher order symmetry due to the domain geometry and the alignment of the domain, defined by the underlying polyhedron. Equals or exceeds. The order of symmetry of a golf ball manufactured using the method of the present invention depends on regular or irregular polygons on which irregular domains are based. The order and type of symmetry of golf balls made on the basis of five polyhedra are listed in Table 10 below.

  Larger dimensions of symmetry have several advantages, including, but not limited to, more equal dimple distribution, the possibility of greater pack efficiency, and improved means of masking the ball separation lines. In addition, dimple patterns generated with this approach will result in improved flight stability and symmetry as a result of the proposed positive order.

  In other embodiments, the irregular domains do not completely cover the surface of the ball, and there is open space in the Aida of the domain that is filled or not filled with dimples. This can introduce asymmetry into the ball.

  The dimple pattern of the present invention is particularly suitable for packing dimples on a seamless golf ball. Seamless golf balls and methods for making them are further disclosed, for example, in US Pat. Nos. 6,849,007 and 7,422,529, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.

  In a specific aspect of the embodiment disclosed herein, the golf ball of the present invention has a total number of dimples N on its outer surface, where N is an integer divisible by 4, ranging from 260 to 424. Is within. In another specific aspect, the golf ball of the present invention has a total number N of dimples on the outer surface of 300 or 312 or 328 or 348 or 352 or 376 or 388.

The aerodynamic characteristics of the golf ball of the present invention can be described by the magnitude of the aerodynamic coefficient and the angle of the aerodynamic force. In one embodiment, based on a dimple pattern generated in accordance with the present invention, a golf ball has a Reynolds number of 230000, an aerodynamic coefficient of 0.25 to 0.32, and an aerodynamic force angle of 30 °. 38 ° and the spin ratio is 0.085. In another embodiment based on a dimple pattern generated in accordance with the present invention, a golf ball has a Reynolds number of 180,000, an aerodynamic coefficient of 0.26 to 0.33, and an aerodynamic force angle of From 32 ° to 40 °, the spin ratio is 0.101. In another embodiment based on a dimple pattern generated in accordance with the present invention, a golf ball has a Reynolds number of 133000, an aerodynamic coefficient of 0.27 to 0.37, and an aerodynamic force angle of From 35 ° to 44 °, the ratio is 0.133. Based on the dimple pattern generated according to the present invention, in many embodiments, the golf ball has a Reynolds number of 89000, an aerodynamic coefficient of 0.32 to 0.45, and an aerodynamic force angle of It is 39 to 45 °, and the spin ratio is 0.183. In the present disclosure, the aerodynamic coefficient magnitude (C _mag ) is defined as C _mag = (C _L ² + C _D ² ) ^1/2 , and the aerodynamic force angle (C _angle ) is C _angle = tan ⁻¹ (C _L / C _D ), where C _L is the lift coefficient and C _D is the drag coefficient. The aerodynamic characteristics of a golf ball, including the magnitude of the aerodynamic coefficient and the angle of aerodynamic force, are disclosed, for example, in US Pat. No. 6,729,976 to Bissonnette et al., The entire disclosure Are incorporated herein by reference. The aerodynamic coefficient magnitude and aerodynamic force angle values are calculated using the average lift and drag values obtained when 30 balls were tested in random orientations. The Reynolds number is the average value of the test and can vary by plus or minus 3%. The spin ratio is the average value of the test and can vary by plus or minus 5%.

  When numerical lower and upper limits are indicated herein, it should be understood that any combination of these numerical values can be employed.

  All patents, publications, test procedures and other reference materials cited herein, including prior art references, are hereby fully incorporated by reference to the extent not inconsistent with the present invention.

  While exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been specifically described, various other modifications will be apparent to and readily made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is understood that you can. Accordingly, the scope of the appended claims is not limited to the examples and description described above, but rather the claims are designed to encompass all of the patentable novel features inherent in this invention. This is intended to include all features that would be treated equally by those skilled in the art.

10 golf ball 12 dimple 14 domain 16 face 18 segment 20 copy 22 element

Claims (6)

In a golf ball having an outer surface and having a plurality of dimples disposed on the outer surface,
The dimples are arranged in a plurality of replicas of the first domain and the second domain, and the first domain and the second domain do not have a great circle, and the four first domains and Stitched together to cover the outer surface of the golf ball in a unified pattern having the four second domains;
The dimple pattern inside the first domain is different from the dimple pattern inside the second domain,
The plurality of dimples has dimples having at least two different diameters including a maximum dimple diameter and one or more additional dimple diameters;
Each of the two different diameters on the ball has a first domain diameter ratio and a second domain diameter ratio defined below;
First domain diameter ratio = SD1 / (SD1 + SD2)
Second domain diameter ratio = SD2 / (SD1 + SD2)
Where SD1 is the number of identical diameter dimples located in the first domain having that diameter, SD2 is the number of identical diameter dimples located in the second domain having that diameter, and the maximum A golf ball characterized in that SD1 = SD2 for the dimple diameter and SD1 ≦ (SD2) / 2 or SD1 ≧ 2 (SD2) for each additional dimple diameter.   2. The first domain is rotationally symmetric about three times around a central point of the first domain, and the second domain is rotationally symmetric about three times around a central point of the second domain. The golf ball described.   The golf ball of claim 1, wherein the number of different dimple diameters in the first domain is the same as the number of different dimple diameters in the second domain.   The golf ball of claim 1, wherein the number of different dimple diameters in the first domain is different from the number of different dimple diameters in the second domain.   The golf ball of claim 1, wherein SD1 = 0 or SD2 = 0 for at least one of the additional dimple diameters.   The golf ball of claim 1, wherein SD1 ≧ 1 and SD2 ≧ 1 for all given diameters on the ball.

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