JP2017012765A - 管腔形態および血管抵抗測定データ収集のシステム、装置および方法 - Google Patents
管腔形態および血管抵抗測定データ収集のシステム、装置および方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、米国特許第61/244,992号の仮出願(2009年9月23日出願)および米国特許第61/334,834号の仮出願(2010年5月14日出願)についての優先権を主張し、その開示は、参照により全体が本明細書に取り込まれる。
重み = (ギャップ * 厚さ2) (1)
血液アーチファクトは撮像された血管壁よりも薄いので、最も厚い分離領域を優遇するためである。当然ながら、本発明はこの特定の重み計算に限定されない。
SRI = 測定点間の圧力差(dP)/近位速度
LSRI=総圧力差/速度− 統合ポアズイユ式
ここで、総圧力差は、第一の位置の静圧 + 第一の位置の速度水頭(ρ V1 2/2)−第二の位置の静圧+第二の位置の速度水頭(ρ V2 2/2)である。これらの位置は一般的には、管腔の対象領域にまたがる。速度Vはバルク平均速度である。統合ポアズイユ式は、直径が直線的に増加すると仮定して、基準位置間で計算された層流圧力低下である。総圧力は、標準SRIで使用される静圧よりも動脈の実際の損失を反映し、統合ポアズイユ式は、標準SRIの制約である測定位置間の距離の影響を除去するので、これは標準SRI測定に比べて改善されたものである。
a. データセットは長さに沿った複数の位置での複数の断面積を含む、光干渉断層撮影システムを使用して管腔の長さLに関する当該データセットを収集するステップと、
b. プロセッサおよび前記データセットの少なくとも一部を使用して、血管抵抗比(VRR)を決定するステップと、
c. 前記血管抵抗比に対応して、前記長さLに沿って配置されたセグメントの少なくとも一部分の特性を決定するステップと、
を含む、血管の管腔セグメントを評価する自動化されたコンピュータベースの方法。
〔付記2〕
領域が狭窄病変を含み、前記特性が狭窄病変を意味する値である、付記1に記載の方法。
〔付記3〕
前記狭窄病変を治療するために使用されるステント長および直径の数的または画像尺度の少なくとも1つを表示するステップをさらに含む、付記2に記載の方法。
〔付記4〕
前記血管抵抗比を決定する前記ステップが、集中抵抗器モデルを使用して実行される、付記1に記載の方法。
〔付記5〕
a. コンピュータを使用して管腔画像のマスクを生成するステップと、
b. 前記マスクに複数のスキャンラインを画定するステップと、
c. 各スキャンライン上で組織として領域を識別するステップと、
d. 複数のスキャンラインおよび各スキャンライン上の組織の領域に対応して、輪郭セグメントを画定するステップと、
e. 有効な隣接輪郭セグメントを識別するステップと、
f. 有効な隣接輪郭セグメント間の不足輪郭データを補間するステップと、
g. 輪郭を前記不足輪郭データに適合させるステップと、
を含む、血管画像の管腔境界を自動的に識別するための方法。
〔付記6〕
ガイドワイヤーおよび類似のアーチファクトを検出および除去するステップをさらに含む、付記5に記載の方法。
〔付記7〕
組織領域を識別する前記ステップが、
a. 各スキャンライン上の複数の開始/停止対を見つけるステップと、
b. 前記開始/停止対のそれぞれの厚さおよびギャップを計算するステップと、
c. 前記厚さおよび前記ギャップに基づいて重みを計算するステップと、
d. 組織およびギャップの最大の重みに基づいて前記組織領域を画定するステップと、
を含む、付記5に記載の方法。
〔付記8〕
結合された輪郭を画定する前記ステップが、
a. 最大の重みの前記スキャンラインを見つけるステップと、
b. 有効なセグメントを画定するために、前記スキャンラインから両方向に不連続点を探すステップと、
c. 前記有効セグメントの最長のものとして前記輪郭の根を識別するステップと、
を含む、付記5に記載の方法。
〔付記9〕
有効な隣接輪郭を識別する前記ステップが、角度、半径、およびユークリッド距離閾値に合格する前記輪郭セグメントのそれぞれに最も近い時計回りおよび反時計回りの隣接セグメントを見つけることを含む、付記5に記載の方法。
〔付記10〕
ガイドワイヤーの陰影アーチファクトを検出および除去する前記ステップが、
a. 前記輪郭のライン間の傾斜を計算するステップと、
b. ラインからラインに移動して、予想平滑輪郭傾斜を計算するステップと、
c. 前記予想平滑傾斜および前記ライン間傾斜の差を計算するステップと、
d. 前記差の閾値に対応する輪郭点を削除するステップと、
を含む、付記6に記載の方法。
〔付記11〕
不足データを補間する前記ステップが、
a. 前記不足輪郭セグメントの両端の有効な輪郭データで、必要とされる補間制御点を識別するステップと、
b. 前記制御点を使用して前記不足輪郭セグメントデータを補間するステップと、
を含む、付記5に記載の方法。
〔付記12〕
補間を必要とするすべての不足輪郭セグメントで前記ステップが実行される、付記11に記載の方法。
〔付記13〕
不連続点を探す前記ステップが、
a. スキャンライン間オフセット変化ヒストグラムを計算するステップと、
b. 前記ヒストグラムを平滑化するステップと、
c. 前記ヒストグラムからゼロカウントの最小変化を識別するステップと、
d. 前記最小変化を連続性尺度として使用するステップと、
を含む、付記8に記載の方法。
〔付記14〕
画像がOCT画像である、付記1に記載の方法。
〔付記15〕
a. 原位置血管画像の近位および遠位フレームを選択するステップと、
b. 前記近位フレームおよび前記遠位フレームに囲まれた血管セグメントの実際の血管抵抗を計算するステップと、
c. 前記血管セグメントの総血管抵抗を計算するステップと、
d. 血管の前記実際の血管抵抗と前記総血管抵抗を使用して、血管抵抗比を計算するステップと、
を含む、血管抵抗を定量化するために自動化された方法。
〔付記16〕
実際の血管抵抗を計算する前記ステップが、
a. 前記近位および前記遠位フレームで囲まれ、それらを含むすべてのフレームの管腔輪郭を抽出するステップと、
b. 前記抽出された輪郭から断面積を計算するステップと、
c. 平滑面積グラフを作成するステップと、
d. 前記平滑面積グラフに対応して実際の抵抗計算を算出するステップと、
を含む、付記15に記載の方法。
〔付記17〕
総血管抵抗を計算する前記ステップが、
a. 前記近位フレームおよび前記遠位フレームの間の形状を適合させるステップと、
b. 前記近位フレームおよび前記遠位フレームで囲まれ、それらを含むすべてのフレーム位置にある形状の断面積を計算するステップと、
を含む、付記15に記載の方法。
〔付記18〕
平滑面積グラフを作成する前記ステップが、
a. 前記断面積を使用してグラフを作成するステップと、
b. 前記グラフ上で不足している面積値を補間するステップと、
c. その結果得られるグラフを平滑化するステップと、
を含む、付記16に記載の方法。
〔付記19〕
画像がOCT画像である、付記15に記載の方法。
〔付記20〕
a. 血管画像内の対象領域において流動パラメータ測定するステップと、
b. 前記対象領域でのステント配置をシミュレートするステップと、
c. 前記対象領域における前記流動パラメータを再計算するステップと、
d. 望ましい流動パラメータ結果が得られるまでbとcのステップを繰り返すステップと、
を含む、コンピュータベースのステント配置方法。
〔付記21〕
前記シミュレートされた配置でのステント不完全密着を測定するステップをさらに含む、付記20に記載の方法。
〔付記22〕
前記ステント不完全密着が許容値内になるまで前記ステントを再配置するステップをさらに含む、付記21に記載の方法。
〔付記23〕
対象血管内の第一の位置と第二の位置との間の圧力の差を決定するステップと、
前記対象血管内の前記第一と前記第二の位置を通る血流の速度を決定するステップと、
前記第一と前記第二の位置の間の層流圧力低下を取得するために、前記第一の位置と前記第二の位置の間のポアズイユ式を統合するステップと、
次の式:
LSRI =(前記第一と前記第二の位置の間の圧力差/血流の速度)−前記第一と前記第二の位置の間の層流圧力低下
を解くステップと、
を含む、LSRIの計算方法。
〔付記24〕
データセットは長さLに沿った複数の位置での複数の断面積を含む、管腔の長さLに関する当該データセットを収集する画像取得システムと、
前記長さLに沿った複数の位置での断面積の前記セットを記憶するメモリと、
前記メモリと通信するプロセッサであって、
メモリの前記データセットの少なくとも一部分に対応して血管の前記長さLに対する血管抵抗比(VRR)を決定し、
前記血管抵抗比に対応して、前記長さLに沿って配置された前記領域の少なくとも一部分の特性を決定するよう構成されている、プロセッサと、
を含む、管腔の領域を評価するためのコンピュータベースのシステム。
〔付記25〕
狭窄病変を治療するために使用されるステント長の数的または画像尺度の少なくとも1つを表示するディスプレイをさらに含む、付記24に記載のシステム。
〔付記26〕
血管管腔の画像を原位置で収集するための取得システムと、
前記画像を記憶するメモリと、
前記メモリと通信するプロセッサであって、
前記管腔画像のマスクを生成し、
前記マスクに複数のスキャンラインを画定し、
領域を各スキャンライン上で組織として識別し、
前記複数のスキャンラインおよび各スキャンライン上の組織の前記領域に対応して輪郭セグメントを画定し、
有効な隣接輪郭セグメントを識別し、
有効な隣接輪郭セグメント間の不足輪郭データを補間し、
輪郭を前記不足輪郭データに適合させるよう構成されている、プロセッサと、
を含む、原位置血管画像の管腔境界を自動的に識別するためのコンピュータベースのシステム。
〔付記27〕
干渉計と、血管管腔を見るために原位置で複数の画像を収集するためのカテーテルとを含む、OCT取得システムと、
前記画像を記憶するメモリと、
前記メモリと通信するプロセッサであって、
OCT画像の近位および遠位フレームを選択し、
前記近位フレームおよび前記遠位フレームに囲まれた血管セグメントの実際の血管抵抗を計算し、
前記血管セグメントの総血管抵抗を計算し、
前記実際の血管抵抗と前記総血管抵抗を使用して、血管抵抗比を計算するよう構成されている、プロセッサと、
を含む、血管抵抗を定量化するための自動化されたOCTシステム。
〔付記28〕
前記プロセッサが、前記血管抵抗比に対応して前記管腔の領域の特性をさらに決定する、付記27に記載のシステム。
〔付記29〕
血管管腔の対象領域の画像を原位置で収集するための画像取得システムと、
前記画像を記憶するメモリと、
前記メモリと通信するプロセッサであって、
前記画像の前記対象領域における流動パラメータを測定し、
前記対象領域でのステントの配置をシミュレートし、
前記対象領域における前記流動パラメータを再計算し、
望ましい流動パラメータ結果が得られるまで前記シミュレーションおよび再計算を繰り返すよう構成されている、プロセッサと、
を含む、ステントを配置するためのコンピュータベースのシステム。
〔付記30〕
前記画像がOCT画像であり、前記画像取得システムが干渉計と血管画像を原位置で収集するためのカテーテルとを含む、付記29に記載のコンピュータベースのシステム。
〔付記31〕
VRRからFRRを計算するステップと、
前記FRRの値が臨床的に有意であるか否かを決定するステップと、
をさらに含む、付記1に記載の方法。
Claims (1)
- 血管の縦方向部位を表示するための方法であって、
血管内画像化システムを用いて、前記縦方向部位の距離測定に応じてデータセットを生成し、
前記データセットは、前記縦方向部位に沿った複数の位置における複数の断面領域を含み、
第1パネルを含むユーザインターフェースを表示し、
前記第1パネルは、第1軸、第2軸、及び前記縦方向部位の第1縦方向図を含み、
前記第1軸は直径値に対応すると共に、前記第2軸は前記縦方向部位に沿った位置に対応し、
血管サイズおよび血流抵抗のパラメータが一度計算されると、ステント選択および配置を対話型コマンドを介して自動的または半自動的に最適化し、
領域が狭窄病変を含み、前記特性が狭窄病変を意味する値である、
方法。
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