JP2017011845A - Charger, electric apparatus and charging method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a charger, an electric apparatus and a charging method capable of efficiently acquiring and charging power from a plurality of power supply means.SOLUTION: The charger includes: a plurality of first power storage means (23, 33) respectively for charging power supplied from a plurality of power supply sources (21, 31); second power storage means (12) for totally storing the power stored in the plurality of first power storage means; transfer means (24, 25, 34, 35) for transferring the power from the plurality of first power storage means to the second power storage means, respectively; and transfer source selection means (11) for selecting either one of the first power storage means which enables power transmission by the transfer means, on the basis of either one power storage amount of the plurality of first power storage means.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a charging device, an electric device, and a charging method.

  Conventionally, there are charging devices and electrical devices that acquire and store power supplied from power generation means or external power supply means, and use the stored power for operation or supply power to the outside. . The power generation means include not only solar power generation using sunlight, solar thermal power generation, and power generation based on vibration detection of portable devices, but also large-scale devices such as hydroelectric power generation and wind power generation. As an external power supply means, there are those using communication radio waves such as wireless charging using electromagnetic induction and near-field communication (NFC).

  For stable operation of electric equipment, stable supply of electric power to the outside, and easy management, these power generation means and power supply means are often used together or a plurality of the same ones are used. In Patent Document 1, in an RF tag that uses both solar power generation and charging by NFC radio waves, when the amount of power stored by solar power generation is insufficient, power is acquired from the received radio waves of NFC, A technique for preventing a situation where communication is impossible due to a shortage of the remaining amount of a storage battery is disclosed.

JP 2010-165314 A

  However, when power can be supplied simultaneously from a plurality of power generation means and charging means, in the conventional technology, power can be acquired only from one supply source having the highest supply voltage, and other supply sources are not utilized. Therefore, there was a problem that efficiency was bad.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a charging device, an electric device, and a charging method capable of acquiring and storing power from a plurality of power supply means more efficiently.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides:
A plurality of first power storage means for storing power supplied from a plurality of power sources;
Second power storage means for collectively storing the power stored in the plurality of first power storage means;
Transfer means for transferring power respectively from the plurality of first power storage means to the second power storage means;
Transfer source selection means for selecting any one of the first power storage means that enables transfer of power by the transfer means based on any one of the plurality of first power storage means;
It is a charging device characterized by including.

  According to the present invention, there is an effect that power from a plurality of power supply means can be acquired and stored more efficiently.

It is a block diagram which shows the function structure of the charging device of 1st Embodiment. It is a figure explaining the circuit structure of the charging device of 1st Embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the control procedure of the charge control process in the charging device of 1st Embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the control procedure of the switching control process called by a charge control process. It is a block diagram which shows the function structure of the modification of a charging device. It is a block diagram which shows the function structure of the charging device of 2nd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the circuit structure which concerns on the charging circuit of the charging device of 2nd Embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the control procedure of the charge control process performed with the charging device of 2nd Embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the control procedure of a transfer range setting process. It is a block diagram which shows the function structure of the charging device of 3rd Embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the modification of a switching control process.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[First Embodiment]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a first embodiment of the charging device of the present invention.
The charging device 100 includes a first power generation unit 21 and a second power generation unit 31 as power supply sources of a plurality of electric power, rectifier circuits 22 and 32, and a first front-stage power storage unit 23 and a second second power storage unit. Pre-stage power storage unit 33, switch circuits 24, 34, power transfer circuits 25, 35, voltage detection units 16, 26, 36 as detection means, chopper circuits 27, 37 as oscillation means, and transfer source selection means And a control unit 11 as a transfer control means, an integrated power storage unit 12, and the like.

  The 1st electric power generation part 21 and the 2nd electric power generation part 31 perform electric power generation operation | movement themselves as an electric power generation means, and supply electric power. As a power generation method of the first power generation unit 21 and the second power generation unit 31, for example, any method such as solar power generation (solar cell), solar thermal power generation, wind power generation, hydroelectric power generation, thermoelectric power generation using waste heat, etc. Used. The power generation method of the first power generation unit 21 and the power generation method of the second power generation unit 31 may be the same or different.

  The rectifier circuits 22 and 32 rectify the electric power supplied from the first power generation unit 21 and the second power generation unit 31, respectively. For example, the rectifier circuits 22 and 32 perform rectification when the supply voltage of the first power generation unit 21 and the second power generation unit 31 is inverted, such as alternating current, and the supply voltage decreases to reduce the first pre-stage power storage unit 23 and the second power generation unit 23. Backflow is prevented when the voltage is lower than the voltage of the previous power storage unit 33.

The first front-stage power storage unit 23 and the second front-stage power storage unit 33 accumulate power supplied from the first power generation unit 21 and the second power generation unit 31, respectively. The storage capacities of the first front-stage power storage unit 23 and the second front-stage power storage unit 33 are sufficiently smaller than the storage capacity of the integrated power storage unit 12, that is, when the first front-stage power storage unit 23 and the second front-stage power storage unit 33 are charged. The voltage increase is faster than the voltage increase of the integrated power storage unit 12 when power is transferred from the first pre-stage power storage unit 23 or the second pre-stage power storage unit 33 to the integrated power storage unit 12. In addition, the storage capacities of the first front-stage power storage unit 23 and the second front-stage power storage unit 33 may be determined based on the normal amount of power that can be supplied by the first power generation unit 21 and the second power generation unit 31. The power storage capacity of the first front-stage power storage unit 23 and the power storage capacity of the second front-stage power storage unit 33 may be different from each other.
Here, the first pre-stage power storage unit 23 and the second pre-stage power storage unit 33 are collectively referred to as pre-stage power storage units 23 and 33.

  The switch circuits 24 and 34 respectively switch presence / absence of power transfer from the first front-stage power storage unit 23 and the second front-stage power storage unit 33 to the integrated power storage unit 12. The switch circuits 24 and 34 determine whether or not power can be transferred based on the control of the control unit 11, and output the chopper circuits 27 and 37 that operate according to the control signal of the control unit 11 during a period in which power can be transferred. The presence or absence of power transfer is switched by the signal. These switch circuits 24 and 34 are controlled so as not to transfer power at the same time. As the switch circuits 24 and 34, analog switches capable of high-speed switching operation are preferably used.

Each of the power transfer circuits 25 and 35 is a circuit through which a transfer current corresponding to the transferred power flows when power is transferred from the first front-stage power storage unit 23 and the second front-stage power storage unit 33 to the integrated power storage unit 12. It is. As will be described later, the power transfer circuits 25 and 35 have a configuration in which the amount of current is suppressed so as not to cause a short-circuit current while suppressing loss of transfer current.
These switch circuits 24 and 34 and power transfer circuits 25 and 35 constitute transfer means.

  The voltage detection units 26 and 36 detect the output voltages of the first front-stage power storage unit 23 and the second front-stage power storage unit 33 and output them to the control unit 11. The voltage detection units 26 and 36 can compare at least these output voltages with a reference voltage (reference value related to the amount of stored electricity) related to whether or not the switch circuits 24 and 34 can be transferred. A voltage comparator or the like is used. Here, the high-voltage side reference voltage VH (operation upper limit reference value) and the low-voltage side reference voltage VL (operation lower limit reference value, selection lower limit reference value) (high voltage side reference voltage) that are two types of reference voltages that enable power transfer. VH> low voltage side reference voltage VL) is detected. Alternatively, these voltage detectors 26 and 36 may measure an analog value of the output voltage, digitally convert it at a predetermined sampling frequency, and input it to the controller 11 as discrete multi-value data.

  The chopper circuits 27 and 37 perform an oscillating operation at a predetermined frequency according to the operation control signal input from the control unit 11, and output drive signals generated according to the oscillating operation to the switch circuits 24 and 34, respectively. As a result, the on / off states of the switch circuits 24 and 34 are switched. The chopper circuits 27 and 37 keep the switch circuits 24 and 34 in the off state (non-energized state) during a period when the oscillation operation is not performed by the operation control signal.

  Based on the output voltage detection results of the first front-stage power storage unit 23 and the second front-stage power storage unit 33 input from the voltage detection units 26 and 36, the control unit 11 includes the first front-stage power storage unit 23 and the switch circuits 24 and 34. Whether to transfer power from the second pre-stage power storage unit 33 to the integrated power storage unit 12 is determined, and an operation control signal for causing the chopper circuits 27 and 37 to perform an oscillation operation is output in a period in which power transfer is possible. The control unit 11 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a ROM (Read Only Memory), a RAM (Random Access Memory), and the like (not shown) and is formed on the IC chip. The ROM stores a control program for switching the switch circuits 24 and 34. The CPU uses a working memory space provided by the RAM, reads the control program, and executes the switch program. The switching operation of the circuits 24 and 34 is controlled. The electric power related to the operation of the control unit 11 may be supplied from the integrated power storage unit 12 or may be supplied separately from the outside or an operation power supply unit (battery) (not shown).

  The integrated power storage unit 12 accumulates the power transferred from the first pre-stage power storage unit 23 and the second pre-stage power storage unit 33 to finally generate the power generated by the first power generation unit 21 and the second power generation unit 31. Store in bulk. The power storage capacity of the integrated power storage unit 12 is sufficiently larger than the power storage capacities of the first front power storage unit 23 and the second front power storage unit 33. As such a large storage capacity, for example, an electric double layer capacitor (EDLC) or a secondary battery is used for the integrated storage unit 12. The power storage capacity of the integrated power storage unit 12 may be appropriately determined according to the intended use of the power stored in the integrated power storage unit 12.

  The voltage detection unit 16 detects the output voltage of the integrated power storage unit 12 and outputs it to the control unit 11. The configuration of the voltage detection unit 16 is the same as the configuration of the voltage detection units 26 and 36. The control unit 11 can set an appropriate power transfer timing and period according to the voltage difference between the first pre-stage power storage unit 23 and the second pre-stage power storage unit 33 and the integrated power storage unit 12.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a circuit configuration of the charging device 100 according to the present embodiment.
The electric power generated by the first power generation unit 21 is supplied to the capacitor 23C of the first front-stage power storage unit 23 via the diode 22D of the rectifier circuit 22 and stored. Here, the diode 22 </ b> D prevents the backflow of current from the capacitor 23 </ b> C to the first power generation unit 21.

  One end of the capacitor 23C is grounded, and the other is connected to the cathode of the diode 22D. That is, the voltage on the side connected to the cathode becomes the output voltage of the capacitor 23C that changes in accordance with the amount of electricity stored in the capacitor 23C. The output voltage side of the capacitor 23 </ b> C is connected to the voltage detection unit 26 and the switch circuit 24.

  The switch circuit 24 includes an FET 24T and a free-wheeling diode 24D connected between the source / drain of the FET 24T. The FET 24T is a p-channel MOS transistor, and the output voltage side of the capacitor 23C is connected to the drain of the FET 24T and the cathode of the freewheeling diode 24D.

A detection result by the voltage detection unit 26 is input to the control unit 11.
Note that a circuit may be separated by providing a voltage follower or the like between the voltage detection unit 26 and the capacitor 23C according to the storage capacity of the capacitor 23C.

  The chopper circuit 27 compares the operation control signal output from the control unit 11 with a signal obtained by passing the output signal of the chopper circuit 27 through a low-frequency band by using a resistance element and a capacitor, and compares the comparison result with the FET 24T of the switch circuit 24. Output. The output signal is binary of high level and low level, the low level output signal is lower in voltage than the low level signal from the control unit 11, and the high level output signal is high level from the control unit 11. Higher voltage than the signal. Thus, while the high-level operation control signal is input from the control unit 11, the output of the comparator changes from the low level to the high level, and then the time constant is determined by the resistance value of the resistance element and the capacitance of the capacitor. When the corresponding time elapses, the comparison signal becomes equal to or higher than the voltage of the high level signal from the control unit 11, and the output of the comparator is switched to the low level. Further, after a time corresponding to the above time constant has elapsed after the output of the comparator has changed from a high level to a low level, the comparison signal becomes less than the voltage of the high level signal from the control unit 11 and the output of the comparator becomes high. Switch to level. That is, the chopper circuit 27 forms an oscillating unit, and the on / off switching of the FET 24T of the switch circuit 24 is repeatedly repeated according to the oscillating operation of the oscillating unit, whereby the power transfer by the switch circuit 24 and the power transfer circuit 25 is performed. The chopping operation is performed intermittently.

  Note that it may be possible to change the duty ratio, which is the ratio between the period in which the FET 24T is turned on and the period in which the FET 24T is turned off, in accordance with the voltage value of the operation control signal output by the control unit 11.

  The power transfer circuit 25 includes a diode 25D and an inductor 25L, and the source of the FET 24T and the anode of the freewheeling diode 24D are connected to the cathode of the diode 25D and one end of the inductor 25L. The other end of the inductor 25L is connected to one end of the capacitor 12C of the integrated power storage unit 12. Thereby, in a state where the FET 24T is turned on and a current flows between the source and the drain, the current flowing from the first front-stage power storage unit 23 flows into the capacitor 12C through the inductor 25L. Therefore, as will be described later, when the duration of the ON state of the FET 24T is shorter than the inductance of the inductor 25L, the increase in transfer current is prevented by the inductor 25L, and the capacitor 23C and the integrated power storage of the first front-stage power storage unit 23 are prevented. A short circuit between the capacitor 12C of the unit 12 is prevented.

  The anode side of the diode 25D is grounded. Therefore, the current output from the source of the FET 24T does not flow back through the diode 25D during the on period in which the source / drain of the FET 24T can be energized. On the other hand, during a period in which the source / drain of the FET 24T cannot be energized, a current flows from the diode 25D to the capacitor 12C via the inductor 25L in accordance with the magnetic energy stored in the inductor 25L. Charging continues.

  Of the capacitor 12C, the side opposite to the side connected to the inductor 25L is grounded. That is, the voltage on the connection side with the inductor 25L becomes the output voltage. The output voltage of the capacitor 12C is detected by the voltage detection unit 16 and input to the control unit 11. The control unit 11 determines when the capacitor 12C is sufficiently charged and the output voltage increases, or when the supply voltage of the first power generation unit 21 and the second power generation unit 31 is insufficient and power transfer is difficult. Then, the power transfer can be stopped.

  The circuit configuration from the second power generation unit 31 to the capacitor 12C of the integrated power storage unit 12 is the same as the circuit configuration from the first power generation unit 21 to the capacitor 12C described above. That is, the supply voltage of the second power generation unit 31 is stored in the capacitor 33C of the second pre-stage power storage unit 33 via the diode 32D, and the output voltage of the capacitor 33C is measured by the voltage detection unit 36 and is controlled by the control unit 11. Is input. The chopper circuit 37 operates under the control of the control unit 11 to input an on / off signal to the gate of the FET 34T of the switch circuit 34. By setting the ON / OFF state of the FET 34T to be shorter than the inductance of the inductor 35L, when the FET 34T is in the ON state, the output voltage of the capacitor 33C is limited in current through the inductor 35L of the power transfer circuit 35, and the integrated power storage unit 12 capacitors 12C. When the FET 34T is in an off state, a current flows through the diode 35D according to the magnetic energy of the inductor 35L, and charges the capacitor 12C of the integrated power storage unit 12.

  Here, as described above, the control of the control unit 11 does not enable the energization between the source / drain of the FET 24T and the source / drain of the FET 34T at the same time, so the output from the capacitor 23C of the first front-stage power storage unit 23 Even if there is a difference between the voltage and the output voltage from the capacitor 33C of the second pre-stage power storage unit 33, no current flows between the capacitor 23C and the capacitor 33C.

  Among these components, those that require power for operation, such as the voltage detection units 16, 26, 36, the control unit 11, and the chopper circuits 27, 37, are appropriately supplied with power from the integrated power storage unit 12 or an external power source. The

Next, the charging control operation in the charging device 100 of the present embodiment will be described.
In the charging device 100, when the first power generation unit 21 and the second power generation unit 31 that are a plurality of power generation units are simultaneously generating power, the first power storage unit 23 and the second front power storage unit 33 each once. The power is stored, and thereafter, each power is transferred to the integrated power storage unit 12 in a time-sharing manner. Further, at the time of power transfer, a chopping operation for switching the FETs 24T and 34T on and off intermittently at a cycle according to the oscillation frequency of the chopper circuit 27 is further performed. As described above, when the duty ratio in each cycle can be set, the duty ratio is determined according to the power generation method of the power supply source, the voltage difference between the power transfer source and the transfer destination, and the like.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a control procedure by the control unit 11 of the charging control process in the charging device 100 of the present embodiment.
This charging control process is continuously executed while the charging operation in the charging apparatus 100 is performed.

  When the charging control process is called, the control unit 11 (CPU) sets the power transfer source to the first front-stage power storage unit 23 (step S101). Then, the control unit 11 calls and executes the switching control process (step S102).

Next, the control unit 11 sets the power transfer source to the second pre-stage power storage unit 33 (step S103). The control unit 11 calls and executes the switching control process (step S104). Then, the process of the control unit 11 returns to step S101.
That is, in the charging device 100 of the present embodiment, the first front-stage power storage unit 23 and the second front-stage power storage unit 33 are selected alternately (in a preset order) as power transfer targets.

  FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a control procedure by the control unit 11 of the switching control process called in the charge control process.

  When the switching control process is called, the control unit 11 acquires the power transfer source setting (step S201). The controller 11 determines whether or not the power transfer source output voltage Vf is equal to or higher than the high-voltage side reference voltage VH (step S202). When it is determined that the voltage is not higher than the high-voltage side reference voltage VH (“NO” in step S202), the control unit 11 repeats the process of step S202. Alternatively, the control unit 11 may end the switching control process and return the process to the charge control process.

  When it is determined that the voltage is equal to or higher than the high-voltage side reference voltage VH (“YES” in step S202), the control unit 11 outputs an operation control signal to the chopper circuits 27 and 37 and performs an oscillation operation with a duty ratio of 50%. Start (step S203). Accordingly, the FET 24T or the FET 34T starts a chopping operation at a predetermined frequency and duty ratio in accordance with the drive signal output from the chopper circuit 27 or 37.

  The controller 11 determines whether or not the power transfer source output voltage Vf is equal to or higher than the low-voltage side reference voltage VL (step S204). When it is determined that the voltage is equal to or higher than the low-voltage side reference voltage VL (“YES” in step S204), the control unit 11 repeats the process of step S204. When it is determined that the voltage is not equal to or lower than the low-voltage side reference voltage VL (“NO” in step S204), the control unit 11 terminates the chopping operation by any one of the chopper circuits 27 and 37 that is performing the oscillation operation. A control signal is output to set the duty ratio to 0% (step S205). And the control part 11 complete | finishes a switching control process, and returns a process to a charge control process.

Here, the control shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 can be performed using a logic circuit or the like without using a CPU or the like.
FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating a functional configuration of a modified example of the charging apparatus 100.
The charging device 100a of this modification is provided with a controller 11a instead of the control unit 11 as transfer source selection means and transfer control means, and other configurations are the same as those of the charging device 100 of the first embodiment. .

  The controller 11a is an LSI or the like having a circuit that mechanically performs the processes according to FIGS. For example, the processes of steps S101 and S103 in FIG. 3 are performed by including switching elements that alternately select the first front-stage power storage unit 23 and the second front-stage power storage unit 33. Further, instead of the determination processing in steps S202 and S204 in FIG. 4, whether or not the oscillation operation is possible is determined according to the logical product of the output signals of the two comparators related to the high-voltage side reference voltage VH and the low-voltage side reference voltage VL, respectively. It ’s fine. In this case, the duty ratio is uniquely determined by the operation of the chopper circuits 27 and 37.

As described above, the charging device 100 according to the first embodiment includes a plurality of first-stage power storage units 23 and 33 (each storing power supplied from a plurality of power generation units (first power generation unit 21 and second power generation unit 31). First power storage unit 23, second power storage unit 33), integrated power storage unit 12 that collectively stores the power stored in power storage units 23 and 33, and power storage units 23 and 33 to integrated power storage unit 12. Each of the switch circuits 24 and 34 and the power transfer circuits 25 and 35 that transfer electric power, and any one of the previous-stage power storage units that enables the transfer of the power are connected to any one of the plurality of previous-stage power storage units 23 and 33. And a control unit 11 (or a controller 11a in the charging device 100a of the modified example, which is the same hereinafter) as a transfer source selection unit that selects based on the amount.
As described above, since the plurality of previous power storage units are charged from separate power generation units, power is transferred from the previous power storage units 23 and 33 to the integrated power storage unit 12 in a time-sharing manner. Of the plurality of power generation units, electric power obtained from a low supply voltage can be obtained without waste. Therefore, electric power from a plurality of power generation units can be acquired and stored more efficiently.

  In addition, it includes voltage detection units 26 and 36 that respectively detect the storage amounts of the plurality of previous-stage power storage units 23 and 33 using at least a high-voltage reference voltage VH and a low-voltage reference voltage VL that are preset reference voltages, and a transfer control unit The control unit 11 corresponds to the case where the voltage detection units 26 and 36 detect that the stored power amount of the selected previous-stage power storage unit is equal to or higher than the lower reference voltage VL within the transfer reference value range. The switch circuit and the chopper circuit transfer the power of the selected pre-stage power storage unit. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently transfer the electric power within a range where the amount of power stored in the previous power storage unit is appropriate.

  In addition, since the switch circuits 24 and 34 intermittently transfer power through the power transfer circuits 25 and 35 by the chopping operation according to the operation of the chopper circuits 27 and 37, the amount of power transfer at a time can be reduced finely. The total transfer amount can be controlled.

  Further, in particular, the power transfer circuits 25 and 35 serving as a path of a transfer current flowing between the preceding power storage units 23 and 33 and the integrated power storage unit 12 include inductors 25L and 35L, and the inductors 25L and 35L are chopped. During operation, by suppressing the transfer current during the period in which the power is transferred, the voltage drop of the previous power storage units 23 and 33 is suppressed, and a current is generated via the diodes 25D and 35D after the transfer is interrupted. The integrated power storage unit 12 is charged. Therefore, it is possible to transfer power without causing a short circuit between the previous power storage units 23 and 33 and the integrated power storage unit 12 and without loss. In addition, since an induced current is generated even during a period in which the energization of the switch circuits 24 and 34 is interrupted, efficient power transfer can be performed.

  Further, since the chopper circuits 27 and 37 are provided and the chopping operation is performed according to the oscillation frequency of the chopper circuits 27 and 37, the power transfer can be intermittently performed with a simple circuit configuration. In addition, since the oscillation frequency can be maintained appropriately, current suppression and induction current generation by the inductors 25L and 35L can be efficiently performed.

  The chopper circuits 27 and 37 are provided corresponding to the plurality of previous-stage power storage units 23 and 33, respectively, and the switch circuits 24 and 34 are provided with FETs 24T and 34T for determining on / off of power transfer, and the FETs 24T and 34T are On / off switching is performed by a binary signal output by the chopper circuits 27 and 37 according to the oscillation frequency to perform a chopping operation. Therefore, the FETs 24T and 34T can be directly switched on and off with an easy circuit configuration without interposing the CPU control or logic circuit.

  The control unit 11 serving as a transfer control unit starts the oscillation operation of the chopper circuit corresponding to the preceding power storage unit selected at the timing when the voltage becomes higher than the high-voltage side reference voltage VH, and the timing when the voltage becomes less than the low-voltage side reference voltage VL. Thus, the oscillation operation of the chopper circuit is stopped, so that the operation of the switch circuits 24 and 34 can be easily controlled in conjunction with the operation of the chopper circuit. Can be easily determined.

  Further, since the control unit 11 as the transfer source selection unit selects one of the plurality of previous power storage units 23 and 33 in a preset order, the power from each of the power generation units 21 and 31 can be easily and well balanced. The integrated power storage unit 12 can be charged. In particular, when the plurality of power generation units 21 and 31 can generate power at a constant ratio, the power supplied to the plurality of power generation units 21 and 31 can be easily obtained without being wasted in a balanced manner.

  The control unit 11 serving as the transfer source selection unit determines that the power storage amount of the selected previous power storage unit is lower than the low-voltage reference voltage VL by the voltage detection units 26 and 36. Therefore, it is possible to transfer power from the previous power storage unit capable of power transfer to the integrated power storage unit 12 while eliminating waste.

  In addition, since at least two of the plurality of power generation units can be configured to supply power by generating electric power using different power generation means, an environment in which one power generation means is difficult to function and both power generation means Regardless of the environment in which power generation is possible at the same time, the power generated by each power generation means can be acquired appropriately and efficiently and stored in the integrated power storage unit 12.

  Further, in the charging device, by performing power storage by the above-described method, it is possible to efficiently acquire power and store the power in the integrated power storage unit 12 without wasting power generated by the plurality of power generation units.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, the charging device according to the second embodiment will be described.
FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a functional configuration of the second embodiment of the charging device of the present invention.
The charging device 100b according to the second embodiment includes an antenna 30a (radio reception unit), an RF (Radio Frequency) tag 30, and a microcomputer as a functional operation unit instead of the second power generation unit 31 in the charging device 100 according to the first embodiment. 13 (MCU). The charging device 100b includes an oscillating unit 14 and driving circuits 28 and 38 instead of the chopper circuits 27 and 37 as an oscillating unit.
The antenna 30a is capable of wireless communication with the antenna 51 of the external device 50, here, Near Field Communication (NFC). Other configurations are the same as those of the charging device 100 of the first embodiment, and the same configurations are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

  In this charging apparatus 100b, the transmission radio wave received from the antenna 30a from the external device 50 is directly input to the RF tag 30, the signal is demodulated and decoded, and the second pre-stage is received by the voltage signal rectified by the rectifier circuit 32. The power storage unit 33 is charged. The RF tag 30 is not supplied with power from the integrated power storage unit 12 or an external operation power supply unit, but is input to the RF tag 30 via the second pre-stage power storage unit 33 or a rectifier circuit (not shown). It is also possible to operate directly with the generated power.

  The RF tag 30 is an IC chip that performs an operation according to the exchange of signals with the external device 50 by NFC. The RF tag 30 includes a storage unit that stores unique identification information and predetermined status information. When a predetermined signal is input from the antenna 30 a in response to reception of a radio wave from the external device 50, the RF tag 30 is input to the external device 50. In response to this, a predetermined response signal is output. The response data or transmission data further output after transmission of the response signal includes unique identification information and status information stored in the storage unit. In addition, when new status information is input from the external device 50, the status information stored in the storage unit is overwritten and updated with the new status information.

  On the other hand, the microcomputer 13 is activated as necessary and operates with electric power stored in the integrated power storage unit 12. The operation of the microcomputer 13 is appropriately set in the charging device 100b according to the use. Signals can be transmitted and received between the microcomputer 13 and the RF tag 30 via a bus, and the microcomputer 13 can appropriately rewrite and update status information of the RF tag 30. In addition to the microcomputer 13, the charging apparatus 100b can include a CPU, a memory, a storage unit, a sensor, and the like for various purposes. That is, the charging device 100b constitutes a charging unit for the integrated power storage unit 12 that functions as a battery of an electric device (including an electronic device) including the microcomputer 13.

  Thus, instead of the configuration having a plurality of power generation units, in the charging apparatus 100b including one or a plurality of power generation units and a power receiving unit that receives the supply of power from the outside, the generated power and the supply are received. Even in a configuration in which power is stored in parallel, power transfer and storage from a plurality of power transfer sources using time division is possible as in the first embodiment.

  The oscillation unit 14 generates a clock signal having a predetermined frequency and supplies it to the control unit 11. The clock signal is used to control an operation control signal output from the control unit 11 to the drive circuits 28 and 38, that is, a chopping operation related to on / off switching of the switch circuits 24 and 34. The frequency of the clock signal may be changed as necessary, or a clock signal with an appropriate frequency may be obtained using a frequency divider after generating a clock signal with a fixed frequency. Further, a plurality of oscillation units 14 may be provided for each of the drive circuits 28 and 38 to generate signals having different phases and frequencies.

  The drive circuits 28 and 38 output drive signals for causing the switch circuits 24 and 34 to perform a chopping operation in accordance with the operation control signal output from the control unit 11. The drive signal may be directly output from the control unit 11 to the switch circuits 24 and 34. In this case, the control unit 11 functions as the drive circuits 28 and 38.

  Here, in the charging device 100b of the present embodiment, it is preferable that the voltage detection units 26, 36, and 16 measure voltage values and output digital data of the measurement values to the control unit 11. Alternatively, the voltage detection units 26 and 36 output information that can be an index indicating a degree suitable for power transfer to the integrated power storage unit 12 to the control unit 11 instead of the voltage value itself.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a circuit configuration according to the charging circuit of the charging device 100b of the second embodiment.
As described above, the radio wave signal received via the antenna 30 a is input to the RF tag 30 and charges the capacitor 33 </ b> C of the second front-stage power storage unit 33 via the diode 32 </ b> D of the rectifier circuit 32.

Further, the oscillation unit 14 outputs a clock signal to the control unit 11. The control unit 11 outputs an operation control signal to the inverters 28N and 38N of the drive circuits 28 and 38, and inputs the drive signal to the gate terminals of the FETs 24T and 34T which are pMOS transistors.
About another part, it is the same as the charging device 100 of 1st Embodiment, and abbreviate | omits description.

FIG. 8A is a flowchart showing a control procedure of the charging control process executed by the charging device 100b of the present embodiment.
When the charging control process is started, the control unit 11 selects and sets an appropriate power transfer source (step S101a). The control unit 11 acquires information related to the selected power transfer source if it has already been selected in the process of step S211 described later, and if not selected, detects the voltage as necessary. The measurement value of the voltage value is acquired from the units 26 and 36, and a new selection setting is performed. The control unit 11 calls and executes the switching control process (step S102a). Then, the process of the control unit 11 returns to step S101a.

FIG. 8B is a flowchart showing a control procedure of the switching control process called up in the charging control process executed by the charging device 100b of the present embodiment.
This switching control process includes the processes of steps S203a and S205a instead of the processes of steps S203 and S205 with respect to the switching control process in the charging apparatus 100 of the first embodiment, and the process of step S211 is newly added. Thus, the processing order is the same except that the order of processing is changed before and after that, and the same processing contents are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

  When branching to “YES” in the determination processing in step S202, the control unit 11 causes the oscillation unit 14 to start an oscillation operation and performs a chopping operation on the switch circuits 24 and 34 according to the clock signal obtained from the oscillation unit 14. The duty ratio at the time of performing is set to 50%, and a control signal corresponding to the drive circuits 28 and 38 is output (step S203a). The oscillating unit 14 itself may be continuously operated, and the control unit 11 may change only the control signal to the drive circuits 28 and 38. The control unit 11 acquires the output voltages of the first front-stage power storage unit 23 and the second front-stage power storage unit 33, and there is a transfer source that is more appropriate than the current power transfer source based on a predetermined condition (selectable condition). Whether or not (step S211). As a selectable condition, for example, a predetermined range based on the above-described high-voltage side reference voltage VH can be set. If it is determined that there is not (“NO” in step S211), the processing of the control unit 11 proceeds to step S204.

  When it is determined that there is a more appropriate transfer source (“YES” in step S211), the control unit 11 ends the oscillation operation by the oscillation unit 14 and also performs a chopping operation related to on / off of the switch circuits 24 and 34. Is set to 0% (step S205a).

  Here, as described above, the high-voltage side reference voltage VH and the low-voltage side reference voltage VL that define a voltage range in which power transfer is possible are appropriately determined. The setting of these values can be changed appropriately according to the power generation method and power generation capacity of each power generation unit. By transferring power in a preferable voltage range, that is, by discharging from the first pre-stage power storage unit 23 or the second pre-stage power storage unit 33, it is possible to more efficiently suppress power consumption related to the discharge or charge. Such a preferred voltage range is conventionally known mainly by experimental and / or numerical handling.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing the control procedure of the transfer range setting process.
Here, an example assuming the case where solar power generation using a solar panel and power reception by NFC are used together is shown, but not limited to this, when other power generation methods and power reception methods are used, The numerical value may be changed as appropriate.

  This transfer range setting process may be performed in advance during pre-shipment inspection or initial setting of the electronic device including the charging device 100b, and the obtained setting may be retained, or may be independent of the charge control process. Then, it may be executed at a predetermined frequency. Alternatively, it may be executed every time the process of step S201 is executed in the switching control process.

  When the transfer range setting process is started, the control unit 11 stops the oscillation operation of the oscillation unit 14 and sets the duty ratio related to energization of the switch circuits 24 and 34 to “0” (step S301). The control unit 11 detects the open circuit voltage Vop of the target power supply unit or power generation unit (step S302). The control unit 11 determines whether or not the power supply source is a solar panel (silicon type) (step S303).

  If it is determined that the panel is a solar panel (“YES” in step S303), the control unit 11 sets the high-voltage side reference voltage VH to 0.8 times the open-circuit voltage Vop, and the low-voltage side reference voltage VL. Is set to 0.9 times the high-voltage side reference voltage VH (step S304). The transfer range setting process ends.

  If it is determined that the panel is not a solar panel (“NO” in step S303), the control unit 11 sets the high-voltage side reference voltage VH to 0.7 times the open-circuit voltage Vop, and the low-voltage side reference voltage VL. Is set to 0.5 times the open circuit voltage Vop (step S305), the transfer range setting process is terminated.

  As described above, in the charging device 100b according to the second embodiment, the control unit 11 as the transfer control unit can change the duty ratio of the chopping operation by the drive circuit 28 and the switch circuit 24 that constitute the transfer unit. Therefore, when it is desired to adjust the power transfer rate according to the amount of power generated by the first power generation unit 21, the amount of power acquired via the antenna 30a, the voltage difference between the previous power storage units 23 and 33 and the integrated power storage unit 12, or the like. Can be set conveniently.

  Further, the high-voltage side reference voltage VH and the low-voltage side reference voltage VL are respectively determined according to the power generation units 21 and 31 for the upstream storage units 23 and 33. As a result, power can be transferred in the most efficient voltage range according to the power generation means and the power supply means, so that the integrated power storage unit 12 can store power more efficiently.

  In addition, the control unit 11 as a transfer source selection unit monitors whether or not the output voltages of the plurality of pre-stage power storage units 23 and 33 are equal to or higher than the high-voltage side reference voltage VH at any time or at a predetermined interval, and newly Since the pre-stage power storage unit that is equal to or higher than the high-voltage side reference voltage VH is selected, even when power is transferred from another pre-stage power storage unit even when power is being transferred from one pre-stage power storage unit, Since the pre-stage power storage unit to which power is appropriately transferred can be switched, the integrated power storage unit 12 can be more efficiently charged.

  In particular, the control unit 11 serving as a transfer source selection unit causes the voltage detection units 26 and 36 to select the pre-stage power storage units 23 and 33 that are equal to or higher than a voltage value that is preferable for selection, and perform power transfer. It is easy to transfer power from each of the preceding power storage units 23 and 33 at an optimal timing.

  In addition, since the power supply source includes an antenna 30a that receives a transmission radio wave using NFC from the outside, not only when power is generated by itself, but also the power supplied from the outside is appropriately mixed into the integrated power storage unit 12. It can be charged.

  In addition, the charging device 100b as an electric device including the microcomputer 13 that performs a predetermined operation using the electric power stored in the integrated power storage unit 12 can operate as the electric device more stably by the electric power stored more efficiently. Can be performed.

[Third Embodiment]
Next, a charging device according to a third embodiment will be described.
The charging device 100c of this embodiment includes four power generation units.
FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating a functional configuration of the charging device 100c according to the third embodiment.

The charging device 100c is configured to store power in three stages, and includes a first power generation unit 21a and a first b power generation unit 21b instead of the first power generation unit 21, and includes a first power generation unit 21b in the first embodiment. Instead of the two power generation units 31, a second power generation unit 31a and a second b power generation unit 31b are provided. Also, the rectifier circuits 22a, 22b, 32a, 32b, the 1a pre-stage power storage unit 23a, the 1b pre-stage power storage unit 23b, the 2a pre-stage power storage unit 33a, and the 2b pre-stage power storage unit 33b, switch circuits 24a, 24b, 34a, 34b, power transfer circuits 25a, 25b, 35a, 35b, voltage detectors 26a, 26b, 36a, 36b, drive circuits 28a, 28b, 38a, 38b, etc. Prepare. About another structure, it is the same as that of the charging device 100b of 2nd Embodiment, The same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same structure and description is abbreviate | omitted.
The 1a pre-stage power storage unit 23a, the 1b pre-stage power storage unit 23b, the 2a pre-stage power storage unit 33a, and the 2b pre-stage power storage unit 33b form a plurality of third power storage units. Also referred to as the pre-stage power storage units 23a to 33b.

  The electric power generated by the 1a power generation unit 21a is rectified by the rectifier circuit 22a and stored in the 1a pre-stage power storage unit 23a. The electric power generated by the 1b power generation unit 21b is rectified by the rectification circuit 22b and stored in the 1b previous-stage power storage unit 23b. The electric power generated by the 2a power generation unit 31a is rectified by the rectifier circuit 32a and stored in the 2a pre-stage power storage unit 33a. The electric power generated by the second b power generation unit 31b is rectified by the rectifier circuit 32b and stored in the second b previous-stage power storage unit 33b.

  The output voltages of the first-a pre-stage power storage unit 23a, the first-b pre-stage power storage unit 23b, the second-a pre-stage power storage unit 33a, and the second-b pre-stage power storage unit 33b are voltage detection units 26a, 26b, and 36a, respectively. , 36 b and the detection result is input to the control unit 11. Based on these detection results, the control unit 11 outputs control signals to the drive circuits 28a, 28b, 38a, and 38b, and operates the switch circuits 24a, 24b, 34a, and 34b, respectively, so that the 1a pre-stage power storage unit The power can be transferred from the power storage unit 23a or the first power storage unit 23b to the first power storage unit 23, and the second power storage unit 33a or the second power storage unit 33b to the second power storage unit 33b. Electric power can be transferred to the upstream power storage unit 33.

  The 1a power generation unit 21a, the 1b power generation unit 21b, the 2a power generation unit 31a, and the 2b power generation unit 31b may each use appropriate power generation means, and these power generation methods are the same even if they are the same. There may be.

The rectifier circuits 22a, 22b, 32a, and 32b each have an appropriate known configuration.
The switch circuits 24a, 24b, 34a, 34b have the same configuration as the switch circuits 24, 34, and the power transfer circuits 25a, 25b, 35a, 35b have the same configuration as the power transfer circuits 25, 35.
Similarly, the voltage detection units 26a, 26b, 36a, 36b have the same configuration as the voltage detection units 26, 36, and the drive circuits 28a, 28b, 38a, 38b have the same configuration as the drive circuits 28, 38. Have.

The storage capacities of the 1a pre-stage power storage unit 23a and the 1b pre-stage power storage unit 23b are sufficiently smaller than the storage capacity of the first pre-stage power storage unit 23, respectively, and the 1a pre-stage power storage unit 23a and the first b Even if power is transferred once from the previous-stage power storage unit 23b, the first front-stage power storage unit 23 is not fully charged. Similarly, the storage capacities of the 2a pre-stage power storage unit 33a and the 2b pre-stage power storage unit 33b are sufficiently smaller than the storage capacity of the second pre-stage power storage unit 33, respectively, and the 2a pre-stage power storage unit 33a. And even if the power transfer is performed once from the second-b pre-stage power storage unit 33b, the second pre-stage power storage unit 33 is not fully charged.
In addition, the storage capacity of the 1a pre-stage power storage unit 23a and the storage capacity of the 1b pre-stage power storage unit 23b may be different from each other. The storage capacities of the stage storage units 33b may be different from each other.

Next, the charging control operation in the charging device 100c of the third embodiment will be described.
In the charging device 100c of the present embodiment, the control procedure of the power transfer from the preceding power storage units 23 and 33 to the integrated power storage unit 12 is the same as the control operation in the charging device 100 of the first embodiment, and the description thereof is omitted.

  Power transfer from the 1a pre-stage power storage unit 23a and the 1b pre-stage power storage unit 23b to the first pre-stage power storage unit 23, and the 2a pre-stage power storage unit 33a and the 2b pre-stage power storage unit 33b to the second The power transfer to the upstream power storage unit 33 can be performed independently. The power transfer control operation is performed in the same manner as the control operation related to the power transfer from the first pre-stage power storage unit 23 and the second pre-stage power storage unit 33 to the integrated power storage unit 12 in the first embodiment. While the power transfer from the unit 23 to the integrated power storage unit 12 is being performed, both the switch circuits 24a and 24b may be kept off, and the second power storage unit 33 to the integrated power storage unit 12 may be kept off. Both of the switch circuits 34a and 34b may be kept off while the power is being transferred to.

As described above, the charging device 100c according to the third embodiment includes the plurality of previous-stage power storage units 23a to 33b that respectively store electric power in association with the plurality of previous-stage power storage units 23 and 33. , Switch circuit 24a, 24b, 34a, 34b and power transfer circuit 25a, 25b, 35a, 35b, a plurality of previous power storage units 23a-33b are associated with these previous power storage units respectively. The control unit 11 serving as a transfer source selection unit transfers the previous-stage power storage units 23a to 33b that transfer power to each of the plurality of previous-stage power storage units 23 and 33. Select one for each.
By arranging power storage units in three or more layers in this way and sequentially transferring power, power can be efficiently transferred without reducing the frequency of power transfer from each power storage unit connected to the power supply unit. It can be aggregated. Moreover, since the difference in the storage capacity between the tiers does not have to be extremely large, it is easy to grasp the storage rate of each storage unit and the voltage change according to the storage, and it is easy to control the power transfer.

  In addition, the control unit 11 serving as a transfer source selection unit independently selects the previous-stage power storage unit that transfers power to different previous-stage power storage units. Therefore, the power can be transferred more efficiently by charging and discharging the power storage units by switching them.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made.
For example, in the said 1st Embodiment, the supply source of the voltage transferred to the integrated electrical storage part 12 is demonstrated as two, the 1st front stage electrical storage part 23 and the 2nd front stage electrical storage part 33, and 3rd Embodiment describes 4 The power from one power storage unit is integrated in two stages, and finally integrated power storage unit 12 is collected. However, power from three or more power storage units may be collected in integrated power storage unit 12 at a time.
In this case, as in the modification example of the switching control process shown in FIG. 11, the output voltage Vf of the power transfer source is not equal to or higher than the high-voltage side reference voltage VH in the determination process in step S202 in the switching control process of the first embodiment. ("NO" in step S202), the switching control process may be terminated as it is, power transfer from the power storage unit may be skipped, and the next power storage unit may be selected.

  As described above, the control unit 11 as the transfer source selection unit detects that the output voltages of the preceding power storage units 23 and 33 in the order of selection are not higher than the low-voltage side reference voltage VL by the voltage detection units 26 and 36. If so, the selection of the preceding power storage unit in the selected order is omitted. Therefore, it is possible to transfer power only from the formerly charged power storage unit that is currently charged without waiting for the power storage to the previous power storage unit related to the power generation unit that is not expected to generate power for a while, such as solar power generation at night. Therefore, the integrated power storage unit 12 can be charged more efficiently.

  In the first and second embodiments, the example in which the plurality of first-stage power storage units 23 and 33 are selected in order and the example in which the first-stage power storage units 23 and 33 that preferably perform power transfer are selected are described. Not limited to these. In combination with the above-described embodiments, basically, the power transfer from the pre-stage power storage unit may be interrupted as necessary while selecting in order. Or you may select at random in the range in which the electric power transfer from the front stage electrical storage parts 23 and 33 is performed appropriately.

  Further, in the above embodiment, the chopping operation is performed at the time of power transfer by the switch circuits 24 and 34 and the power transfer circuits 25 and 35 using the signal generated by the chopper circuits 27 and 37 or the oscillation unit 14. It is not limited. For example, when power transfer is performed in three or more stages and the storage capacity of the storage units at the transfer source and the transfer destination is both small and the transfer current is within a range where there is no problem for the circuit element, the chopping operation is performed. It is not necessary to let them.

Even when a chopping operation is performed, it is not always necessary to use an inductor. Alternatively, a configuration for preventing a large current, for example, a resistance element having a small resistance value may be used instead of the inductor.
In addition, the reference voltage related to the selection of the previous power storage units 23 and 33 and the voltage range in which power can be transferred from the previous power storage units 23 and 33 to the integrated power storage unit 12 may be set separately and have different values. May be.

In the above embodiment, an example of using NFC as an external power supply method has been described. However, the power supply method is not limited to wireless, and may be supplied by wire.
In addition, details such as the specific configuration and control procedure shown in the above embodiment can be changed as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Although several embodiments of the present invention have been described, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and includes the scope of the invention described in the claims and equivalents thereof. .
The invention described in the scope of claims attached to the application of this application will be added below. The item numbers of the claims described in the appendix are as set forth in the claims attached to the application of this application.

[Appendix]
<Claim 1>
A plurality of first power storage means for storing power supplied from a plurality of power sources;
Second power storage means for collectively storing the power stored in the plurality of first power storage means;
Transfer means for transferring power respectively from the plurality of first power storage means to the second power storage means;
Transfer source selection means for selecting any one of the first power storage means that enables transfer of power by the transfer means based on any one of the plurality of first power storage means;
A charging device comprising:
<Claim 2>
Detecting means for detecting the amount of electricity stored in the plurality of first power storage means by at least a preset reference value;
When the detection unit detects that the storage amount of the selected first storage unit is within a predetermined transfer reference value range, the first storage unit selected by the transfer unit Transfer control means for transferring power;
The charging device according to claim 1, further comprising:
<Claim 3>
The charging device according to claim 1, wherein the transfer unit performs a chopping operation for intermittently performing the transfer.
<Claim 4>
The transfer means includes an inductor in a path of a transfer current flowing between the first power storage means and the second power storage means, and the inductor is in the period during which the transfer is performed during the chopping operation. 4. The charging according to claim 3, wherein a voltage drop of the first power storage unit is suppressed by suppressing a transfer current, and a current is generated after the transfer is interrupted to store the second power storage unit. apparatus.
<Claim 5>
5. The charging device according to claim 3, wherein the transfer control unit is capable of changing a duty ratio of the chopping operation performed by the transfer unit.
<Claim 6>
6. The charging device according to claim 3, further comprising an oscillating unit, wherein the chopping operation is performed according to an oscillation frequency of the oscillating unit.
<Claim 7>
The oscillation means is provided corresponding to each of the plurality of first power storage means,
The transfer means includes a switch circuit that determines ON / OFF of the transfer of the power,
The charging device according to claim 6, wherein the switch circuit performs the chopping operation by being switched on and off by a binary signal output from the oscillation unit according to the oscillation frequency.
<Claim 8>
Detecting means for detecting the amount of electricity stored in the plurality of first power storage means by at least a preset reference value;
When the detection unit detects that the storage amount of the selected first storage unit is within a predetermined transfer reference value range, the first storage unit selected by the transfer unit Transfer control means for transferring power;
With
The transfer control means starts the oscillation operation of the oscillation means corresponding to the selected first power storage means at a timing when the operation upper limit reference value that is the upper limit of the predetermined transfer reference value range is reached, 8. The charging device according to claim 7, wherein the oscillation operation of the oscillating means is stopped at a timing less than an operation lower limit reference value that is a lower limit of a predetermined transfer reference value range.
<Claim 9>
9. The charging device according to claim 2, wherein the predetermined transfer reference value range is determined according to the power supply source for the first power storage unit.
<Claim 10>
10. The charging device according to claim 1, wherein the transfer source selection unit selects one of the plurality of first power storage units in a preset order.
<Claim 11>
Detecting means for detecting each of the power storage amounts of the plurality of first power storage means with at least a preset reference value;
The transfer source selection unit selects the order of selection when the detection unit detects that the storage amount of the first power storage unit in the order of selection is not greater than or equal to a predetermined selection lower limit reference value. The charging device according to claim 10, wherein selection of the first power storage unit is omitted.
<Claim 12>
The transfer source selection unit monitors whether or not each of the plurality of first power storage units satisfies a predetermined selectable condition at any time or at a predetermined interval, and the first power storage unit newly satisfies the selectable condition. The charging device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein means is selected.
<Claim 13>
Detecting means for detecting each of the power storage amounts of the plurality of first power storage means with at least a preset reference value;
13. The charging device according to claim 12, wherein the transfer source selection unit selects the first power storage unit that has been detected by the detection unit to have a storage amount equal to or greater than a predetermined selectable reference value.
<Claim 14>
Detecting means for detecting each of the power storage amounts of the plurality of first power storage means with at least a preset reference value;
The transfer source selection means, when it is detected by the detection means that the amount of electricity stored in the selected first power storage means is equal to or less than a predetermined selection lower limit reference value, the other first power storage means The charging device according to any one of claims 10 to 13, wherein the selection is switched.
<Claim 15>
A plurality of third power storage means each storing power in association with each of the plurality of first power storage means;
The transfer means causes power to be transferred from the plurality of third power storage means to the first power storage means associated with the third power storage means, respectively.
The transfer source selection unit selects one of the third power storage units that transfer power to each of the plurality of first power storage units, one for each of the first power storage units. The charging device according to any one of 14.
<Claim 16>
The charging device according to claim 15, wherein the transfer source selection unit independently selects the third power storage unit that transfers power to the different one power storage unit.
<Claim 17>
The charging device according to claim 1, wherein at least two of the plurality of power supply sources perform power supply by generating electric power using different power generation means.
<Claim 18>
The charging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the power supply source includes a wireless reception unit that acquires electromagnetic field fluctuations related to wireless charging from outside.
<Claim 19>
The charging device according to any one of claims 1 to 18,
A functional operation unit that performs a predetermined operation using the electric power stored in the second power storage unit;
An electrical apparatus comprising:
<Claim 20>
A charging method for a charging device comprising a plurality of first power storage means and second power storage means,
A first power storage step of storing power supplied from a plurality of power supply sources in each of a plurality of first power storage means;
One of the first power storage units that enables transfer of electric power from the first power storage unit to the second power storage unit is selected based on one of the plurality of first power storage units. Transfer source selection step Transfer step of transferring power from the selected first power storage means to the second power storage means,
The charging method characterized by including.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Control part 11a Controller 12 Integrated electric storage part 12C Capacitor 13 Microcomputer 14 Oscillation part 16 Voltage detection part 21 1st electric power generation part 21a 1a electric power generation part 21b 1b electric power generation part 22, 32 Rectifier circuit 22D, 32D Diode 22a, 22b, 32a, 32b Rectifier circuit 23 First pre-stage storage unit 23C, 33C Capacitor 23a 1a Pre-stage storage unit 23b 1b Pre-stage storage unit 24, 34 Switch circuits 24D, 34D Free-wheeling diodes 24a, 24b, 34a, 34b Switch circuit 25, 35 Power transfer circuit 25D, 35D Diode 25L, 35L Inductor 25a, 25b, 35a, 35b Power transfer circuit 26, 36 Voltage detection unit 26a, 26b, 36a, 36b Voltage detection unit 27, 37 Chopper circuit 28, 38 Drive circuit 28N, 38N inverter 28 , 28b, 38a, 38b Drive circuit 30 RF tag 30a Antenna 31 2nd power generation unit 31a 2a power generation unit 31b 2b power generation unit 33 2nd previous stage power storage unit 33a 2a previous stage power storage unit 33b 2b previous stage power storage unit 50 External Device 51 Antenna 100 Charging Device 100a Charging Device 100b Charging Device 100c Charging Device

Claims (20)

A plurality of first power storage means for storing power supplied from a plurality of power sources;
Second power storage means for collectively storing the power stored in the plurality of first power storage means;
Transfer means for transferring power respectively from the plurality of first power storage means to the second power storage means;
Transfer source selection means for selecting any one of the first power storage means that enables transfer of power by the transfer means based on any one of the plurality of first power storage means;
A charging device comprising: Detecting means for detecting the amount of electricity stored in the plurality of first power storage means by at least a preset reference value;
When the detection unit detects that the storage amount of the selected first storage unit is within a predetermined transfer reference value range, the first storage unit selected by the transfer unit Transfer control means for transferring power;
The charging device according to claim 1, further comprising:   The charging device according to claim 1, wherein the transfer unit performs a chopping operation for intermittently performing the transfer.   The transfer means includes an inductor in a path of a transfer current flowing between the first power storage means and the second power storage means, and the inductor is in the period during which the transfer is performed during the chopping operation. 4. The charging according to claim 3, wherein a voltage drop of the first power storage unit is suppressed by suppressing a transfer current, and a current is generated after the transfer is interrupted to store the second power storage unit. apparatus.   5. The charging device according to claim 3, wherein the transfer control unit is capable of changing a duty ratio of the chopping operation performed by the transfer unit.   6. The charging device according to claim 3, further comprising an oscillating unit, wherein the chopping operation is performed according to an oscillation frequency of the oscillating unit. The oscillation means is provided corresponding to each of the plurality of first power storage means,
The transfer means includes a switch circuit that determines ON / OFF of the transfer of the power,
The charging device according to claim 6, wherein the switch circuit performs the chopping operation by being switched on and off by a binary signal output from the oscillation unit according to the oscillation frequency. Detecting means for detecting the amount of electricity stored in the plurality of first power storage means by at least a preset reference value;
When the detection unit detects that the storage amount of the selected first storage unit is within a predetermined transfer reference value range, the first storage unit selected by the transfer unit Transfer control means for transferring power;
With
The transfer control means starts the oscillation operation of the oscillation means corresponding to the selected first power storage means at a timing when the operation upper limit reference value that is the upper limit of the predetermined transfer reference value range is reached, 8. The charging device according to claim 7, wherein the oscillation operation of the oscillating means is stopped at a timing less than an operation lower limit reference value that is a lower limit of a predetermined transfer reference value range.   9. The charging device according to claim 2, wherein the predetermined transfer reference value range is determined according to the power supply source for the first power storage unit.   10. The charging device according to claim 1, wherein the transfer source selection unit selects one of the plurality of first power storage units in a preset order. Detecting means for detecting each of the power storage amounts of the plurality of first power storage means with at least a preset reference value;
The transfer source selection unit selects the order of selection when the detection unit detects that the storage amount of the first power storage unit in the order of selection is not greater than or equal to a predetermined selection lower limit reference value. The charging device according to claim 10, wherein selection of the first power storage unit is omitted.   The transfer source selection unit monitors whether or not each of the plurality of first power storage units satisfies a predetermined selectable condition at any time or at a predetermined interval, and the first power storage unit newly satisfies the selectable condition. The charging device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein means is selected. Detecting means for detecting each of the power storage amounts of the plurality of first power storage means with at least a preset reference value;
13. The charging device according to claim 12, wherein the transfer source selection unit selects the first power storage unit that has been detected by the detection unit to have a storage amount equal to or greater than a predetermined selectable reference value. Detecting means for detecting each of the power storage amounts of the plurality of first power storage means with at least a preset reference value;
The transfer source selection means, when it is detected by the detection means that the amount of electricity stored in the selected first power storage means is equal to or less than a predetermined selection lower limit reference value, the other first power storage means The charging device according to any one of claims 10 to 13, wherein the selection is switched. A plurality of third power storage means each storing power in association with each of the plurality of first power storage means;
The transfer means causes power to be transferred from the plurality of third power storage means to the first power storage means associated with the third power storage means, respectively.
The transfer source selection unit selects one of the third power storage units that transfer power to each of the plurality of first power storage units, one for each of the first power storage units. The charging device according to any one of 14. The charging device according to claim 15, wherein the transfer source selection unit independently selects the third power storage unit that transfers power to the different one power storage unit.   The charging device according to claim 1, wherein at least two of the plurality of power supply sources perform power supply by generating electric power using different power generation means.   The charging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the power supply source includes a wireless reception unit that acquires electromagnetic field fluctuations related to wireless charging from outside. The charging device according to any one of claims 1 to 18,
A functional operation unit that performs a predetermined operation using the electric power stored in the second power storage unit;
An electrical apparatus comprising: A charging method for a charging device comprising a plurality of first power storage means and second power storage means,
A first power storage step of storing power supplied from a plurality of power supply sources in each of a plurality of first power storage means;
One of the first power storage units that enables transfer of electric power from the first power storage unit to the second power storage unit is selected based on one of the plurality of first power storage units. Transfer source selection step Transfer step of transferring power from the selected first power storage means to the second power storage means,
The charging method characterized by including.

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