JP2017054912A - 光電変換素子 - Google Patents
光電変換素子 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2017054912A JP2017054912A JP2015177454A JP2015177454A JP2017054912A JP 2017054912 A JP2017054912 A JP 2017054912A JP 2015177454 A JP2015177454 A JP 2015177454A JP 2015177454 A JP2015177454 A JP 2015177454A JP 2017054912 A JP2017054912 A JP 2017054912A
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- Prior art keywords
- electron transport
- photoelectric conversion
- transport layer
- layer
- conversion element
- Prior art date
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- 239000001007 phthalocyanine dye Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/549—Organic PV cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
(1)有機アンモニウム金属ハロゲン化物またはCs金属ハロゲン化物を含む光吸収層を備える光電変換素子であって、前記光吸収層の下に位置する電子輸送層がアモルファスのTiO2からなり、前記電子輸送層の589nmでの屈折率が1.80以上であることを特徴とする光電変換素子。
(2)前記電子輸送層の膜厚が5〜100nmであることを特徴とする(1)の光電変換素子。
(3)前記電子輸送層が、原子層堆積法で積層してなる電子輸送層であることを特徴とする(1)または(2)の光電変換素子。
(4)前記原子層堆積法が、プラズマALD法、オゾンALD法または熱ALD法であることを特徴とする(3)の光電変換素子。
(5)前記電子輸送層が、積層数が50〜2000のアモルファスTiO2層からなる積層構造を有することを特徴とする(1)〜(4)のうちのいずれかの光電変換素子。
光吸収層は、少なくとも1種のペロブスカイト化合物を含む層である。光吸収層は、単層であっても複層であってもよい。複層の場合は、各層すべてがペロブスカイト化合物を含む層であってもよく、少なくとも1層がペロブスカイト化合物を含む層であってもよい。なお、ペロブスカイト化合物は1種単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
(RNH3)nPbX(2+n)
[式中、Rは炭化水素基を表し、Xはハロゲンを表し、nは1または2である。]
で示される1置換アンモニウム鉛ハロゲン化物が好ましい。
本発明の光電変換素子では、電子輸送層は、光吸収層の下に形成されることが好ましい。
本発明の光電変換素子では、光吸収層と上記電子輸送層との間に、多孔質構造を有する多孔質電子輸送層を形成してもよい。なお、本明細書において、単に「電子輸送層」という場合には、「多孔質電子輸送層」を含まないことを意味するものとする。
本発明の光電変換素子では、透光性導電層は、電子輸送層の下に形成されることが好ましい。
本発明の光電変換素子では、透光性基板は、透光性導電層の下に形成されることが好ましい。
本発明の光電変換素子では、光吸収層の上に、さらに正孔輸送層を備えていてもよい。
本発明の光電変換素子では、正孔輸送層の上に、第二電極層を備えることが好ましい。
(光電変換素子の作製)
以下のようにして、セル構造として、< glass / ITO / TiO2 / (CH3NH3)PbI3 / Spiro-OMeTAD / Au >構造の太陽電池素子を作製した。なお、スラッシュ(/)で区切られた構造は、その順に有することを意味し、本実施例では、glass、ITO、TiO2、(CH3NH3)PbI3、Spiro-OMeTAD、Auが、下から順に層形成されていることを意味する。
このようにして、光電変換素子(太陽電池素子)を得た。
(測定条件)
入射角:50、60、70度
測定波長範囲:195nm〜1680nm
解析ソフト:WVASE32
ビーム径:2mm×8mm程度。
インジウムスズ酸化物(ITO)膜付きガラス基板(0.7mm glass / 150nm ITO)(ジオマテック社製)の表面を、10分間UVオゾン処理した。
電子輸送層を成膜する際に、原子層堆積法として熱ALD法(Ensure Nanotech社製 LabNanoTM 9100)を用いたこと以外は実施例2と同様にして、光電変換素子(太陽電池素子)を得た。
ホットプレート上に耐熱ガラスを置き、その上にインジウムスズ酸化物(ITO)膜付きガラス基板(0.7mm glass / 150nm ITO)(ジオマテック社製)を置き、ITOとコンタクトをとる部分(ITOをエッチングした辺の逆側)の上にアルミ板を置いてマスクし、基板を450℃に加熱した。
(スプレー塗布成膜条件)
グローボックス内で、スタラーチップを入れ乾燥させた青(茶色)サンプル瓶に、チタニウムテトライソプロポキシド(Ti(OCH(CH3)2)4)28.4mLを素早く入れ、次いで攪拌状態で1mLずつアセチルアセトン19.5〜20mLを加え、スプレー液を調液した。
120℃に加温したホットプレート上に基板を置き、基板とスプレーの吹き出し口との距離を約30cmに保ちながら、スプレー液を2回吹き付け、基板を約30°回し、20秒静置した。この作業をスプレー液がなくなるまで続け、その後室温まで冷却した。
電子輸送層を成膜する際に、プラズマALD法(For all社製 Model OZONE、プラズマ発生装置の出力60W)により、成膜反応を45℃で165サイクル繰り返したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、光電変換素子(太陽電池素子)を得た。なお、電子輸送層の膜厚は20nmであった。
Claims (5)
- 有機アンモニウム金属ハロゲン化物またはCs金属ハロゲン化物を含む光吸収層を備える光電変換素子であって、前記光吸収層の下に位置する電子輸送層がアモルファスのTiO2からなり、前記電子輸送層の589nmでの屈折率が1.80以上であることを特徴とする光電変換素子。
- 前記電子輸送層の膜厚が5〜100nmであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の光電変換素子。
- 前記電子輸送層が、原子層堆積法で積層してなる電子輸送層であることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の光電変換素子。
- 前記原子層堆積法が、プラズマALD法、オゾンALD法または熱ALD法であることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の光電変換素子。
- 前記電子輸送層が、積層数が50〜2000のアモルファスTiO2層からなる積層構造を有することを特徴とする請求項1〜4のうちのいずれか一項に記載の光電変換素子。
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CN109494305A (zh) * | 2018-10-18 | 2019-03-19 | 东华大学 | 一种低温制备大晶粒钙钛矿薄膜的方法 |
US10431702B2 (en) | 2017-07-21 | 2019-10-01 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Transparent electrode, manufacturing method thereof and electronic device employing the transparent electrode |
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