JP2017053218A - Waterproof mat for riverbed - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a waterproof mat for a riverbed and a laying method of the waterproof mat for the riverbed, capable of driving an anchor pin even in any position, without limiting a driving position of the anchor pin.SOLUTION: In a waterproof mat for a riverbed laid on/fixed to the riverbed by driving of a plurality of anchor pins, the waterproof mat for the riverbed of a three-layer structure is formed by joining three layers of a water cutoff sheet 15 composed of a synthetic resin sheet having an impervious property of becoming an irregular surface 13 on the undersurface side of the riverbed, water absorptive nonwoven fabric 19 formed smaller by a quantity of an overlapping margin than the water cutoff sheet 15 and composed of fiber of a high absorptive polymer of expanding the fiber by water conduction laminated on an upper surface of the water cutoff sheet and nonwoven fabric 21 formed so that an external shape coincides with the water absorptive nonwoven fabric 19 and composed of a synthetic resin sheet having cushion performance laminated on an upper surface of the water absorptive nonwoven fabric 19.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a waterproof mat for a riverbed and a method for laying the waterproof mat for a riverbed used in a water-blocking construction method that is laid on a riverbed or a riverbank protection shore and prevents water from penetrating.

  For example, in the water-blocking method of a bank protection shore, there is a case where a water-proof mat is laid on a river revetment, and a sheet-like material such as a block mat is set on the mat and fixed with an anchor pin. In this case, since a hole is made in the water-stop sheet by the anchor pin, water leakage becomes a problem. Therefore, the anchor pin placement possible mat disclosed in Patent Document 1 is formed by integrating a waterproof resin sheet made of polymer resin, a reinforcing mat made of synthetic fiber, and a waterproof resin sheet partially disposed therebetween. The location where the waterproof resin sheet is configured is provided as the anchor pin placement location. According to this anchor pin placing-able mat, the waterproof resin sheet is partially arranged, and the place where the waterproof resin sheet is arranged is used as the anchor pin placing place. Therefore, in most parts where the anchor pin is not placed. There is no waterproof resin sheet. As a result, the material cost is reduced and the mat weight is reduced, so that there is an advantage that workability is improved.

JP 2009-2074 A

  However, in the above-described mat for anchor pin placement, since the water-absorbent resin sheet is covered with the reinforcing mat and is located in the form of dots or strips, the place where the anchor pin is hit is not known or difficult to understand. It is also considered that the anchor pin placement location is indicated on the reinforcement mat by printing or coloring, and that the location where the anchor pin is placed is clearly indicated, but the placement location is limited and predetermined. Even if the water-absorbing resin sheet is located at every interval, it may not be possible depending on the state of the ground, and there may be stones that cannot be moved or drilled.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above situation, and the purpose thereof is not limited to the anchor pin placement position, and the riverbed waterproof mat and the riverbed waterproof mat installation method capable of placing the anchor pin at any position. Is to provide.

Next, means for solving the above problems will be described with reference to the drawings corresponding to the embodiments.
The waterproof mat 11 for riverbed according to claim 1 of the present invention is a waterproof mat for riverbed that is laid and fixed on the riverbed by placing a plurality of anchor pins. A water-stop sheet 15 made of a synthetic resin sheet, and a fiber of a superabsorbent polymer that is formed smaller than the water-stop sheet 15 by an overlap allowance and expands by passing water laminated on the upper surface of the water-stop sheet. Three layers of a water-absorbing nonwoven fabric 19 and a nonwoven fabric 21 made of a synthetic resin sheet having a cushioning property and formed on the upper surface of the water-absorbing nonwoven fabric 19 are joined together. This is a three-layer waterproof mat for riverbed.

  In the riverbed waterproof mat 11, the water-absorbing nonwoven fabric 19 is provided on the entire surface of the water-stop sheet 15 excluding the overlap margin 17. When the anchor pin 27 penetrates at an arbitrary position, the water-absorbing nonwoven fabric 19 is pressed through the nonwoven fabric 21 around the through hole 29 of the anchor pin 27 formed in the water-stop sheet 15. When the fibers of the water-absorbing nonwoven fabric 19 are expanded by passing water, the water-absorbing nonwoven fabric fibers are entangled with the outer periphery of the anchor pin so that the water is absorbed and expanded. It is blocked.

  The waterproof mat 33 for riverbed according to the present invention is characterized in that the water-absorbing nonwoven fabric 19 is integrally laminated on a base fabric 37 by needle punching.

  In the riverbed waterproof mat 33, the water-absorbing nonwoven fabric 19 and the base fabric 37 are overlapped with each other so that both fibers are entangled with each other by the needle punching process, and other bonding materials such as an adhesive are unnecessary. Thus, the fixing with only the water-absorbing nonwoven fabric 19 and the base fabric 37 becomes possible.

  In the waterproof mat 11 for riverbed of the present invention, the water-stop sheet 15, the water-absorbing nonwoven fabric 19 and the nonwoven fabric 21 in the immediate upper layer in contact with the water-stop sheet 15 are joined by a plurality of point-like adhesive portions made of an adhesive. It is characterized by being.

  In the riverbed waterproof mat 11, the water-absorbing nonwoven fabric 19 and the nonwoven fabric 21 are fixed to the water-stop sheet 15 without lowering the water-stop performance of the water-stop sheet 15. Since the adhesive is used for the point-like adhesive portion, the amount used can be reduced.

  The riverbed waterproof mat 11 according to the present invention is characterized in that the nonwoven fabric 21 and the water absorbent nonwoven fabric 19 are integrally laminated by needle punching.

  In this riverbed waterproof mat 11, the nonwoven fabric 21 and the water-absorbing nonwoven fabric 19 are overlapped with each other so that both fibers are entangled with each other by the needle punching process, and other bonding materials such as an adhesive are not required. Thus, the non-woven fabric 21 and the water-absorbing non-woven fabric 19 have an integral structure, and the non-woven fabric 21 and the water-absorbing non-woven fabric 19 alone can be fixed.

In the method of laying the riverbed waterproof mat 11 according to the present invention, the riverbed waterproof mat 11 and the other adjacent riverbed waterproof mat 11 are adjacent to the overlap margin 17 of the riverbed waterproof mat 11. Another riverbed waterproof mat 11 is laid on the ground 23,
Each of the riverbed waterproof mats 11 is penetrated by anchor pins 27 made of deformed reinforcing bars and fixed to the ground 23.

  In this method of laying the waterproof mat 11 for riverbed, at least one of the upper layers of the water-stop sheet 15 becomes a water-absorbing layer by the water-absorbing nonwoven fabric 19, and when the anchor pin 27 is penetrated after laying the mat on the ground 23, it is made of deformed reinforcing bars. The fibers are entangled with the anchor pins 27 and pressed around the through holes 29 of the water-stop sheet 15, thereby closing the through holes 29. When the water-absorbing nonwoven fabric 19 expands by passing water, the pressed portion around the through hole becomes high density, and the through hole 29 is more reliably closed.

  According to the riverbed waterproof mat according to claim 1 of the present invention, since the water-absorbing nonwoven fabric is laminated on the entire surface, the anchor pin placement position is not limited, and the anchor pin can be placed at any position. The workability is improved. In addition, even if the anchor pin that has been pierced through the water-absorbing non-woven fabric, the water-absorbing non-woven fabric expands and absorbs water as the fibers of the water-absorbing non-woven fabric get entangled with the outer periphery of the anchor pin. There is nothing to do.

  According to the waterproof mat for riverbed according to claim 2 of the present invention, the water-absorbing nonwoven fabric and the nonwoven fabric are fixed to the water-stop sheet without reducing the water-stop performance of the water-stop sheet. Since the adhesive is used for the point-like adhesive portion, the amount used can be reduced.

  According to the riverbed waterproof mat according to the third aspect of the present invention, the nonwoven fabric is fixed to the base fabric by the needle punching process, thereby preventing the nonwoven fabric from spreading. Further, the strength is increased, and a layer having a scratch can be formed.

  According to the water-proof mat for riverbed according to the present invention, the fibers of the water-absorbing nonwoven fabric are entangled with the deformed reinforcing bars of the anchor pins, and the fibers blocking the through-holes of the water-stop sheet are expanded to improve the water-stop performance.

It is sectional drawing of the waterproof mat for riverbeds of 1st Embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is sectional drawing of the waterproof mat for riverbeds of 2nd Embodiment. It is sectional drawing of the waterproof mat for riverbeds of 3rd Embodiment. It is sectional drawing of the waterproof mat for riverbeds of 4th Embodiment. It is a schematic perspective view which shows the procedure of the laying method of the waterproof mat for riverbeds concerning this invention. It is sectional drawing of the waterproof mat for riverbeds laid by the same laying method.

Embodiments according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a riverbed waterproof mat according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
The waterproof mat 11 for riverbed according to the present embodiment is formed to be smaller than the water stop sheet 15 having the uneven surface 13 on the lower surface side by an overlap margin 17 than the water stop sheet 15 and is laminated on the upper surface of the water stop sheet 15. A water-absorbing non-woven fabric 19 and a non-woven fabric 21 having a cushioning property formed on the upper surface of the water-absorbing non-woven fabric 19 and having an outer shape coinciding with the water-absorbing non-woven fabric 19.

  The water-stop sheet 15 is a sheet material having a thickness of about 1.0 mm and having water-impervious surfaces in which one surface opposed to the ground surface 23 (see FIG. 6) is formed of a concavo-convex surface 13. For example, the specific gravity is 0.15 g. The material includes ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyamide, ethylene- (meth) acrylate methyl copolymer, and the like. . These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. The shape of the concavo-convex surface 13 may be a structure in which projecting convex portions are arranged at predetermined intervals or randomly vertically and horizontally on a smooth surface, or ridge-like convex portions in a grid shape or a lattice shape at predetermined intervals. A shape that provides a frictional resistance, such as a structure formed in, is preferable.

  The water-absorbing nonwoven fabric 19 is made of highly water-absorbing polymer fibers. The superabsorbent polymer is not particularly limited. Conventionally known materials (starch-based, cellulose-based, other polysaccharides, and the like that are insoluble in water and absorb water and moisture quickly, absorb water close to tens to hundreds of times their own weight, and swell And protein-based natural polymers as well as polyvinyl alcohol-based, acrylic-based, other addition polymers, polyether-based, condensation-based polymers, and other synthetic polymer-based synthetic polymers).

  More specifically, for example, a hydrophilic group-containing monomer such as a carboxylic acid group or an alkali metal base thereof and a hydroxyl group-containing monomer capable of reacting with the carboxylic acid group to form an ester crosslinking bond are copolymerized, and ester crosslinking is performed. Only the outer layer of the fiber into which the bond is introduced and the polyacrylonitrile fiber are hydrolyzed to introduce the carboxylic acid group or its alkali metal base, and the swelling degree is 10 times or less. Among these fibers, a two-layer structure fiber in which the inner layer is an acrylic fiber and the superabsorbent part is arranged on the outer layer is preferable, and the superabsorbent part is preferably crosslinked with a hydrazine compound. More preferable in terms of dimensional stability, for example, a super absorbent fiber run seal F (trade name) manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd. can be used.

  The non-woven fabric 21 preferably has a density of about 0.13 g / cm @ 2, for example. The riverbed waterproof mat 11 can be woven fabric, knitted fabric, grid, or the like, instead of the nonwoven fabric 21. The fibers constituting these are not particularly limited as long as they are non-biodegradable or hardly biodegradable fibers, and examples thereof include polyester fibers, acrylic resin fibers, polyolefin fibers, and polyamide fibers.

  The water-absorbing nonwoven fabric 19 and the nonwoven fabric 21 laminated on the water-stop sheet 15 constitute a protective mat 25. That is, the riverbed waterproof mat 11 is formed by stacking the protective mat 25 on the water-stop sheet 15. The protective mat 25 has a thickness of about 10 mm and has cushioning properties. The nonwoven fabric 21 and the water-absorbing nonwoven fabric 19 can be integrally laminated by needle punching.

  The riverbed waterproof mat 11 is formed in a substantially strip shape having a length of about m and a width of about 200 cm, for example. As for the waterproof mat 11 for riverbeds, the water stop sheet 15 has one side edge extending in the width direction from the width of the protective mat 25. For example, when the width of the protective mat 25 is 200 cm, the waterproof mat 15 extends about 15 cm. Configured to do. The extended portion of the water-stop sheet 15 becomes an overlap margin 17 when laid together with other adjacent riverbed waterproof mats 11.

Next, the operation of the riverbed waterproof mat 11 having the above configuration will be described.
In the riverbed waterproof mat 11, the water-absorbing nonwoven fabric 19 is provided on the entire surface of the water-stop sheet 15 excluding the overlap allowance 17. When the anchor pin 27 (see FIG. 6) penetrates at an arbitrary position, the water-absorbing nonwoven fabric 19 is pressed through the nonwoven fabric 21 around the through-hole 29 (see FIG. 6) of the anchor pin 27 formed in the water stop sheet 15. The When the fibers of the water-absorbing nonwoven fabric 19 are expanded by passing water, the pressed portions around the through holes become high density, and the through holes 29 are closed with higher water tightness. That is, the water-absorbing non-woven fabric 19 prevents the leakage from the perforated portion from being extremely small or leaking even when the anchor pin 27 is penetrated through.

  Moreover, the waterproof mat 11 for riverbeds is a state in which the nonwoven fabric 21 and the water-absorbing nonwoven fabric 19 are overlapped with each other, so that both fibers are entangled with each other by the needle punching process, and other bonding materials such as an adhesive are unnecessary. Thus, fixing with only the nonwoven fabric 21 and the water-absorbing nonwoven fabric 19 is possible. Thus, the non-woven fabric 21 and the water-absorbing non-woven fabric 19 are integrally fixed at a low cost without the need for an adhesion process. The protective mat 25 to which the non-woven fabric 21 and the water-absorbing non-woven fabric 19 are fixed is fixed by a water-stop sheet 15 and an adhesive as will be described later.

Next, the riverbed waterproof mat 31 according to the second embodiment will be described.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the riverbed waterproof mat 31 of the second embodiment. In the following embodiments, the same members as those shown in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.
This waterproof mat 31 for riverbed has a cushioning property that is formed to be smaller than the waterstop sheet 15 by the overlapping margin 17 and to be laminated on the upper surface of the waterstop sheet 15, the lower surface being the uneven surface 13. The first nonwoven fabric 21 provided, the water-absorbing nonwoven fabric 19 formed in conformity with the outer shape of the first nonwoven fabric 21 and laminated on the upper surface of the first nonwoven fabric 21, and the water-absorbing nonwoven fabric 19 formed in conformity with the outer shape. It is comprised with the 2nd nonwoven fabric 21 provided with the cushioning property laminated | stacked on the upper surface of the water absorption nonwoven fabric 19. FIG.

  In the riverbed waterproof mat 31, the water-absorbing nonwoven fabric 19 is provided on the entire surface of the water-stop sheet 15 excluding the overlap allowance 17. When the anchor pin 27 penetrates at an arbitrary position, the first nonwoven fabric 21 is pressed through the second nonwoven fabric 21 and the water absorbent nonwoven fabric 19 around the through-hole 29 of the anchor pin 27 formed in the waterproof sheet 15. The When the fibers of the water-absorbing nonwoven fabric 19 are expanded by passing water, the pressed portions around the through holes become high density, and the through holes 29 are closed with higher water tightness. Further, the external force is easily absorbed by the amount of the non-woven fabric 21 interposed between the water-absorbing non-woven fabric 19 and the water stop sheet 15. That is, high cushioning properties can be obtained.

  According to this riverbed waterproof mat 31, the anchor pin 27 can be placed in any position, and the anchor pin 27 can be placed anywhere. Further, the water-absorbing nonwoven fabric 19 is sandwiched between the pair of nonwoven fabrics 21, and the buffering action is enhanced.

Next, a riverbed waterproof mat 33 according to a third embodiment will be described.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the waterproof mat 33 for riverbed according to the third embodiment.
In this riverbed waterproof mat 33, a pair of non-woven fabrics 21 are integrally laminated with a flat cloth 35 sandwiched by needle punching. The flat cloth 35 is a cloth material in which, for example, a monofilament yarn of 800 to 1200 denier is woven at 12 to 16 yarns / inch, and is woven so that the directions of the fibers intersect at right angles. The nonwoven fabric 21 is fixed to the flat cloth 35 having high rigidity by needle punching, so that the non-woven cloth 21 is integrated with the flat cloth 35 to increase the rigidity.
Further, the water-absorbing nonwoven fabric 19 is integrally laminated on the base fabric 37 by needle punching. This base fabric 37 is also made of a woven fabric similar to the flat fabric 35. When the water-absorbing nonwoven fabric 19 and the base fabric 37 are overlapped with each other, needle punching is performed so that both fibers are entangled with each other, eliminating the need for other bonding materials such as an adhesive, and the water-absorbing nonwoven fabric 19 and the base fabric 37. The fixing with only the cloth 37 is possible. The nonwoven fabric 21 laminated on the flat cloth 35 and the water-absorbing nonwoven fabric 19 laminated on the base fabric 37 may be fixed at a time by needle punching.

  According to the waterproof mat 33 for riverbed, the nonwoven fabric 21 is fixed to the base fabric 37 by needle punching, whereby the spread of the nonwoven fabric 21 can be suppressed. Further, the bonding step is not required, the water-absorbing nonwoven fabric 19 and the base fabric 37 can be fixed at a low cost, and the water-absorbing nonwoven fabric 19 can be prevented from spreading.

Next, a riverbed waterproof mat 39 according to a fourth embodiment will be described.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a riverbed waterproof mat 39 of the fourth embodiment.
In this riverbed waterproof mat 39, a pair of non-woven fabrics 21 sandwiching a flat cloth 35 and a water-absorbing non-woven fabric 19 are integrally laminated by needle punching. The laminated body is bonded and fixed to the water-stop sheet 15 on the water-absorbing nonwoven fabric side.
According to the riverbed waterproof mat 39, the water-absorbing nonwoven fabric 19 is directly fixed to the water-stop sheet 15, and the cost is reduced because the base fabric 37 is not used.

  The waterproof mats 11, 31, 33, 39 for each of the above-described embodiments include a water-stop sheet 15, and any one of the water absorbent non-woven fabric 19, the non-woven fabric 21, or the base fabric 37 in the immediate upper layer in contact with the water-stop sheet 15. Are joined by a plurality of point-like adhesive portions made of an adhesive. By using the adhesive, it is not necessary to perforate the water-stop sheet 15, and the water-absorbing nonwoven fabric 19, the nonwoven fabric 21, or the base fabric 37 is fixed to the water-stop sheet 15 without lowering the water stoppage. Further, since the adhesive is used for the point-like adhesive portion, the amount used can be reduced. Thereby, a buffer layer and a water absorption layer can be fixed to the water stop sheet 15 without lowering the water stop of the water stop sheet 15.

  In addition, as an adhesive agent, a nitrile rubber type | system | group, a chloro plain rubber type | system | group, and a styrene butadiene rubber type | system | group are used, for example.

Next, a method for laying a waterproof mat for riverbed according to the present invention will be described.
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view showing a procedure of a method for laying a riverbed waterproof mat according to the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the riverbed waterproof mat 11 laid by the laying method.
In this laying method for riverbed waterproof mats, the case where the riverbed waterproof mat 11 according to the first embodiment is used will be described as an example, but the laying method is the same even when using the mats according to other embodiments. Become.
The riverbed waterproof mat 11 is laid in order from the downstream side on a slope 41 (slope) as the ground on the river bank protection shore as shown in FIG. The riverbed waterproof mat 11 is laid with the water-stop sheet 15 as the lower surface, and the uneven surface 13 of the water-stop sheet 15 is opposed to the slope 41 as shown in FIG.

  At the time of laying, the rolled riverbed waterproof mat 11 is extended from the upper side of the slope 41 to the lower side so that the stacking margin 17 faces the upstream side, and the lap is extended to one side edge of the waterproof sheet 15. In the generation 17, the other riverbed waterproof mats 11 are laid so as to overlap. The riverbed waterproof mats to be stacked are fixed by the anchor pins 27 only by being stacked without bonding or welding each other. In addition, when it is configured to maintain the mutual bonding state, heat welding, adhesion with an adhesive, adhesion with an adhesive tape, or the like may be performed at a predetermined position of the overlap margin 17. May be provided intermittently, or may be provided continuously linearly along the longitudinal direction of the overlap margin 17.

  The anchor pin 27 is formed of a deformed reinforcing bar having uneven projections formed on the surface thereof, and includes a straight insertion portion 45 of about 40 to 50 cm and a holding portion 43 that is bent at one end of the insertion portion 45. Yes. The distal end of the insertion portion 45 is sharpened by processing such as cutting or grinding. The anchor pin 27 is driven from the protective mat side of the nonwoven fabric 21 of the riverbed waterproof mat 11, penetrates and is attached to the inclined surface 41, and the riverbed waterproof mat 11 is held by the holding portion 43 that becomes the head of the anchor pin 27. Is fixed.

  The riverbed waterproof mat 11 fixed in this way is prevented from slipping against the slope 41 by the uneven surface 13 of the water stop sheet 15 and can maintain a state in which the slope 41 is covered. Further, by laying the anchor pin 27, the riverbed waterproof mat 11 is prevented from being displaced from its laying position.

  In the method for laying the riverbed waterproof mat 11, at least one of the upper layers of the water-stop sheet 15 is a water-absorbing layer formed by the water-absorbing nonwoven fabric 19. After the mat is laid on the ground 23, when the anchor pin 27 is penetrated, fibers are entangled with the anchor pin 27 made of a deformed reinforcing bar and pressed around the through hole 29 of the water-stop sheet 15, thereby closing the through hole 29. Can be removed. When the water-absorbing nonwoven fabric 19 expands by passing water, the pressed portion around the through hole becomes high density, and the through hole 29 is more reliably closed.

  Therefore, according to the riverbed waterproof mats 11, 31, 33, and 39 according to the present embodiment, the placement position of the anchor pin 27 is not limited, and the anchor pin 27 can be placed at any position.

  Moreover, according to the laying method of the riverbed waterproof mats 11, 31, 33, 39 according to the present embodiment, the fibers of the water-absorbing nonwoven fabric 19 are entangled with the deformed reinforcing bars of the anchor pins 27, and the through holes 29 of the water-stop sheet 15 are formed. The plugged fiber expands, and the water stoppage can be improved.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Waterproof mat for riverbed 13 ... Uneven surface 15 ... Water stop sheet 17 ... Overlap 19 ... Water absorption nonwoven fabric 21 ... Nonwoven fabric 23 ... Ground 27 ... Anchor pin 35 ... Flat cloth 37 ... Base cloth

Claims (3)

In riverbed waterproof mats that are laid and fixed by placing multiple anchor pins on the riverbed,
A water stop sheet made of a synthetic resin sheet having water shielding properties such that the lower surface side of the river bed becomes an uneven surface, and water flow formed to be smaller than the water stop sheet by an overlap amount and laminated on the upper surface of the water stop sheet A water-absorbing nonwoven fabric comprising fibers of a superabsorbent polymer in which the fibers expand by
A waterproof mat for a riverbed having a three-layer structure formed by joining three layers of a non-woven fabric made of a synthetic resin sheet having a cushioning property formed in conformity with an outer shape of the water-absorbing nonwoven fabric and laminated on the upper surface of the water-absorbing nonwoven fabric .   The waterproof mat for riverbeds according to claim 1, wherein any of the water-stop sheet, the water-absorbing nonwoven fabric, and the nonwoven fabric is joined by a plurality of point-like adhesive portions made of an adhesive.   The riverbed waterproof mat according to claim 1, wherein the water-absorbing nonwoven fabric and the nonwoven fabric are joined together by needle punching and laminated together.

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