JP2017040892A - Pseudo joint structure and reduction operation learning device for learning reduction operation to joint dislocation - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pseudo joint structure which allows a medical care concerned person and a sport trainer who are not unaccustomed in reduction treatment of a dislocated joint, to easily experience and learn a reduction treatment method at a short term, for making a medical care concerned person and a sport trainer master a reduction treatment method of a dislocated joint, thereby raising experts of a reduction treatment technique of a dislocated joint at a short term.SOLUTION: A pseudo joint structure 1 is configured so that a first pseudo bone member 2 having an articular head and a second pseudo bone member 3 having a glenoid cavity are arranged adjacently so that the articular head and the glenoid cavity are fitted mutually, in which both pseudo bone members are mutually jointed by a flexible repulsive member whose one end is fixed to a support part of one pseudo bone member and whose the other end is fixed to a support part of the other pseudo bone member directly or through an optional coupling member 21.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a pseudo-joint structure, and in particular, can perform a simulated operation of the reduction treatment method or training thereof when performing a reduction operation process for returning a dislocated human joint to its original state. Reduction of the joint of the dislocated human body by allowing a medical person who is unfamiliar with the reduction treatment of the dislocated joint or the reduction treatment method to experience and learn the reduction treatment method easily and in a short period of time. Inexperienced treatment method or reduction operation method, and specialists with reduction treatment technology for dislocated joints in a short period of time, without requiring the affected part of the patient who has been dislocated directly to be a practice table, independently The present invention relates to a pseudo joint structure and a reduction processing operation learning device that can be trained.

The human body has a wide variety of functions, and in order to exhibit each function, the human body is provided with a plurality of types of individual joint portions having individual structures suitable for each function.
For example, as representative joints, for example, temporomandibular joint, shoulder joint, elbow joint, wrist joint, hip joint, knee joint, ankle joint, finger joint, and the like are known.
Each joint has an individual and unique joint structure in order to perform a specific function.
However, each of the joints has a characteristic joint structure, but each joint has a basic joint structure common to almost all joints. .

That is, as shown in FIG. 1, a first bone portion 2 ′ having a joint head 5 ′, which is a projection portion having a relatively spherical shape, at one end portion 10 ′ thereof, and a recessed portion having a relatively concave shape. And the second bone 3 'having one end 11' of the glenoid fossa 6 'facing each other so that the joint head 5' and the glenoid 6 'are fitted to each other. An articular cartilage membrane 8 'called so-called hyaline cartilage is arranged on the surface where the joint head 5' and the nodule 6 'face each other, and the joint head 5' and the joint head 5 ' A joint cavity 7 ′ containing bone fluid is disposed between the surfaces facing the nodule 6 ′.
Further, the outer part of the joint part is completely composed of a periosteum 4 ′ and a fiber membrane 13 ′ for completely surrounding the periphery thereof, preventing displacement of the joint, and stabilizing the movement of the joint. There is a joint capsule 12 '.
Further, as an additional configuration common to each joint structure described above, for example, as shown in FIG. 2, in order to further reinforce the joint capsule 12 ′, for example, both outer side surfaces of the joint capsule 12 ′ are provided. There is a collateral ligament 14 'for strengthening, an intracapsular ligament 15' for reinforcing the inside of the joint capsule 12 ', or a ligament or tendon for reinforcing the periphery of the joint capsule.

On the other hand, dislocation at each joint 1 ′ means that the joint head 5 ′ when the joint capsule 12 ′ wrapping the joint expands or relaxes or the tendon or ligament is cut. And the joint surface formed between the joint fossa 6 'and the joint fossa 6' are displaced from each other, this state is called dislocation.
There are various types of dislocation, but as a typical classification, the joint surface between the joint head 5 ′ and the glenoid 6 ′ is completely displaced and is not opposed to each other. Is called complete dislocation, and the state in which the joint surfaces are partially opposed is called subluxation.
Various causes of the dislocation have been considered, and one of the typical causes is the destruction of the bones of the joint head 5 'and the glenoid 6' or the expansion of the joint capsule. Pathological dislocation, which is a case where dislocation occurs due to instability or deterioration due to relaxation or relaxation or paralysis of the ligament or surrounding muscle, etc., and some external force By being applied to the joint part, the joint capsule 12 ′, the ligaments 14 ′, 15 ′, or tendons are cut or loosened, and the joints from between the broken or cut ligaments or tendons Traumatic dislocation is known in which the head 5 or the glenoid fossa 6 penetrates the joint capsule 12 'and protrudes outward.

Further, due to the relative positional relationship between the joint head 5 ′ and the glenoid cavity 6 ′ on the joint surface after dislocation, for example, the distal joint surface is displaced forward with respect to the proximal joint surface. There is an anterior dislocation that is dislocated, and a dislocation that is dislocated to the rear, and a lateral dislocation in which the distal articular surface is displaced laterally with respect to the proximal articular surface, and The lateral dislocation is subdivided into medial dislocation and lateral dislocation. In particular, when the distal joint surface is displaced in the direction of the median surface, it is referred to as medial dislocation, and the distal joint surface moves away from the median surface. The case of dislocation is sometimes referred to as outer dislocation.
When dislocation occurs in such a joint, it is necessary to treat the joint as quickly as possible, and the recovery operation is referred to as a reduction processing operation.

The basic of the reduction processing operation is to trace the path where the dislocation of the joint has occurred in substantially the same path, so that the joint head 5 ′ is placed in the glenoid 6 ′. is there.
If one specific example of the reduction processing operation is shown, among the dislocated bone portions in a predetermined joint, the base bone portion that is often fixed in the vicinity of the movable bone portion, that is, the main body portion of the human body The bone part arranged corresponding to the first bone part is returned to the common longitudinal direction of the first and second bone parts, or the bone part is returned to the original arrangement position, An operation of applying a predetermined force in the longitudinal direction and extending the joint head 5 ′ into the joint fovea 6 ′ is required.

By the way, the reduction treatment operation of the dislocation joint is reduced by a reduction trainer who is an expert who is familiar with the reduction treatment operation.
However, in such reduction processing operations, there are various modes of dislocation at each joint, and the degree of dislocation is often different depending on each situation. In addition to dislocation, there may be cutting of the ligament and cutting of the tendon, so the movable bone, usually the first bone part having the joint head 5 ′, is moved in any direction to any extent, After that, by applying any tensile force, the first bone part is pulled away from the glenoid fossa 6 'of the second bone part for a certain length, and then, how much the first bone part is moved, It is required that the operation of returning to the glenoid fossa 6 'of the second bone portion is instantaneously determined and executed promptly.
Furthermore, the degree of extension of the bone part with respect to such reduction processing operation, the additional extension force at the time of extension, etc. are slightly different depending on the age, sex, body shape, etc. of the patient, and it is not uniform. There are environments that require experience and experience.
To that end, the reduction trainer performs a number of reduction operations on the dislocation joints over many years and, by doing so, performs qualified reduction operations for dislocations on each individual joint of each patient. Things will be possible.

  However, in order to do so, it is necessary to attach a specialized reduction trainer with advanced reduction processing operation techniques, visually observe the operation, and experience the reduction trainer's guidance or its auxiliary operation to gradually reduce the reduction. Since it is necessary to experience and learn the processing operation, training and study for a considerable period of time will be required before the treatment of dislocation of the patient's joint as an independent reduction trainer. .

In addition, if the inexperienced reduction trainer directly manipulates the joint of the patient to treat the patient with dislocation, the suffering suffered by the patient is substantial, and the patient suffered great mental anxiety and crisis. Therefore, it was extremely difficult to execute the practical learning effectively and easily.
However, no training facilities, training devices, or instruments have been seen so far to improve the environment, so for students and sports trainers aiming for such reduction trainers, reduction treatment for the dislocated joints is necessary. There was a problem that there were very few opportunities to learn and experience the operation.

  As a conventional training apparatus for learning the reduction processing operation, for example, as disclosed in JP 2012-173614 A (Patent Document 1), a pseudo elbow imitating the structure of an elbow joint In the pseudo elbow joint, the standard elbow joint structure of the human body is completely divided into two in the longitudinal direction, that is, the longitudinal direction, and a longitudinal space formed in the middle is formed. Two springs are arranged so that the humerus simulated body and the forearm bone simulated body are elastically pressed into contact with each other.

  However, with such a structure, the elbow joint can only turn in a certain direction, and therefore it is impossible to realize a state where it has been dislocated due to external force such as rotation or turning, and all possibilities In addition to the problem that it is only an impossible device to realize the elbow joint dislocation state, a person who wants to learn the reduction technique by dividing the elbow joint into two parts is the actual human body It is obvious that it is impossible to memorize the structure of the elbow joint of the human body, and it is apparent that the reduction processing operation training apparatus using such a structure is not feasible.

  On the other hand, Utility Model Registration No. 3144317 (Patent Document 2) shows a human body model material for reducing technique acquisition. In Patent Document 2, however, the humerus part, the rib part, and the distal end part of the radius are simply shown. 1 shows an apparatus having a structure in which one of the rib part and the distal end part of the rib is made of a metal material, and a magnet is arranged on the other. However, even with such a structure, it is impossible to realize all possible joint dislocation states, and as a reduction processing operation training device, it is poor in terms of functionality and effect and its feasibility. It is clear that it is a thing.

  Further, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-323103 (Patent Document 3) is not an apparatus for learning a reduction treatment technique for dislocation, but has a plurality of stretch properties corresponding to the movement of muscles in each part of the joint. As a device for practicing the movement of each part of the muscle, it can function as a device for practicing the movement of each part of the muscles. It is a useless thing.

JP 2012-173614 A Utility Model Registration No. 3144317 JP 2006-323103 A

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to eliminate the problem of the conventional method for learning the reduction processing operation for the dislocated joint and to perform the reduction processing for returning the dislocated joint to the original state. Practice treatment of the treatment method, or practice of it, thereby allowing medical personnel who are unfamiliar with the reduction treatment method for dislocated joints or sports trainers to experience the reduction treatment method easily and in a short period of time. It is necessary to learn how to reduce the dislocated joint by learning, and to make the affected area of the dislocated patient directly a practice table in a short period of time by a specialist who has a reduction treatment technique for the dislocated joint. It is intended to provide a pseudo joint structure and a reduction operation learning device that allow it to be independently grown.

In order to achieve the above-described object, the present invention basically employs a technical configuration as described below.
That is, a first aspect of the pseudo joint structure according to the present invention is a pseudo joint structure having a structure approximate to a predetermined joint structure at a predetermined site in a human body, The structure includes a first pseudo bone member having a joint head formed at one end thereof, and a second pseudo bone member having a joint fossa formed at one end thereof. The two pseudo bone members are arranged in close proximity to each other so that the joint head and the nodules are fitted to each other, and the first and second pseudo bone members are One end portion is fixed to a part of one of the first and second pseudo bone members or the first auxiliary support portion connected to the pseudo bone member, and the other end portion is directly Alternatively, it is connected to a part of the other pseudo bone member or the pseudo bone member through an appropriate connecting member. Are pressed against each other under a predetermined pressing force by an appropriate elastic elastic member fixed to the second auxiliary support member, and the pseudo joint structure is The first and second pseudo bone members display a dislocation state between the two pseudo bone members to be stationary, and the first and second pseudo bone members in the pseudo joint structure in the dislocation state. It has a function of reducing the dislocation state by applying an operation of extending or rotating in a predetermined direction while applying a predetermined force to at least one of the pseudo bone members, or displacing or turning the pseudo bone member. This is a pseudo-joint structure for learning a reduction operation for joint dislocation, which is characterized by being deformed.

  The pseudo-joint structure according to the present invention is a novel art configuration as described above, thereby providing a pseudo-joint structure that has not existed before to the market, and at the same time the dislocated joint is in its original state. When performing reduction processing to return to the above, the reduction operation method can be practiced for medical personnel or sports trainers who are not familiar with the reduction operation method of the dislocated joint. Patients who have experienced and learned the method easily and in a short period of time to acquire a reduction treatment method for the dislocated joint, and have directly dislocated a specialist who has a reduction treatment technique for the dislocated joint in a short period of time. Thus, there is an effect that it is possible to provide a pseudo-joint structure that can be grown independently without requiring the affected part to be a practice table.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the basic configuration of a human joint. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the basic configuration of a human joint. 3A to 3D are cross-sectional views illustrating examples of the basic configuration of the pseudo joint structure according to the present invention. 4A to 4D are diagrams for explaining an example of a dislocation generation state and a mechanism for generating dislocation in the pseudo joint structure according to the present invention. FIGS. 5A to 5D are diagrams for explaining one principle of dislocation generated by twisting in the pseudo joint structure according to the present invention. 6A to 6B are cross-sectional views for explaining an example of the configuration of the pseudo joint structure to which the influence of the ligament is added in the pseudo joint structure according to the present invention. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the basic configuration of a human finger joint. FIG. 8A to FIG. 8C are diagrams for explaining one specific example of the configuration of the pseudo-finger joint structure in the present invention. FIG. 8D to FIG. 8F are diagrams for explaining one specific example of the configuration of the pseudo-finger joint structure in the present invention. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the basic configuration of the human elbow joint. FIG. 10A to FIG. 10B are diagrams for explaining a specific example of the configuration of the pseudo elbow joint structure in the present invention. FIG. 11A is a diagram illustrating a specific example of a configuration in a state where the elbow is bent in the pseudo-elbow joint structure according to the present invention. FIG. 11B is a diagram illustrating a specific example of a configuration in a state where the elbow is bent in the pseudo-elbow joint structure according to the present invention. 12 (A) to 12 (D) are diagrams for explaining an example of the situation when dislocation occurs in the pseudo-elbow joint structure according to the present invention. FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a basic configuration of a human foot joint. FIG. 14A to FIG. 14B are diagrams for explaining the configuration of one specific example of the pseudo ankle joint structure according to the present invention. FIGS. 15A and 15B are diagrams for explaining the configuration of another specific example of the pseudo ankle joint structure in the present invention. FIG. 15C and FIG. 15D are diagrams illustrating the configuration of another specific example of the pseudo ankle joint structure in the present invention. 16 (A) to 16 (B) are diagrams for explaining a situation in which dislocation occurs in the pseudo-ankle structure according to the present invention. FIGS. 17A to 17B are diagrams showing a specific example of a mechanism for generating dislocation by twisting in the pseudo-ankle joint structure according to the present invention. FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the basic configuration of a human shoulder joint. FIG. 19A is a diagram for explaining the configuration of a specific example in the pseudo shoulder joint structure according to the present invention. FIG. 19B is a diagram for explaining the configuration of a specific example of the pseudo shoulder joint structure according to the present invention. FIG. 20 (A) is a diagram illustrating a situation in which dislocation occurs in the pseudo-shoulder joint structure according to the present invention. FIG. 20B is a diagram for explaining a situation in which dislocation occurs in the pseudo shoulder joint structure according to the present invention. FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a basic configuration of a human hip joint. 22 (A) and 22 (B) are a perspective view and a side view showing an example of the basic configuration of the pseudo hip joint structure according to the present invention. 22 (C) and 22 (D) are side cross-sectional views showing an example of the basic configuration of the pseudo hip joint structure according to the present invention. FIG. 23A and FIG. 23B are a perspective view and a partially enlarged rear view illustrating a more detailed configuration of the pseudo hip joint structure according to the present invention. FIG. 23 (C) is a perspective view illustrating a more detailed configuration of the pseudo hip joint structure according to the present invention. 24A to 24C illustrate specific examples of the positions and shapes of the groove portions formed in the joint head and the glenoid fossa in the pseudo hip joint structure according to the present invention. It is a figure to do. 25 (A) to 25 (B) are diagrams for explaining the shape of a specific example of the dislocation that occurs in the pseudo hip joint structure according to the present invention. FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a basic configuration of a human knee joint. FIGS. 27A to 27C are diagrams for explaining the configuration of a specific example of the pseudo knee joint structure according to the present invention. 28 (A) to 28 (D) are diagrams illustrating an example of a situation where dislocation occurs in the pseudo knee joint structure according to the present invention. FIGS. 29A to 27B are diagrams illustrating the configuration of another specific example of the pseudo knee joint structure according to the present invention. FIGS. 30A to 30C are diagrams illustrating the configuration of another specific example of the pseudo knee joint structure according to the present invention. 31 (A) to 31 (B) are diagrams illustrating the configuration of still another specific example of the pseudo knee joint structure according to the present invention. FIG. 32 is a reference diagram showing an example of the dislocation state of the finger joint in the pseudo-finger joint structure according to the present invention. FIG. 33 is a reference diagram showing another example of the dislocation state of the finger joint in the pseudo finger joint structure according to the present invention. FIG. 34 is a reference diagram showing an example of a dislocation state of the elbow joint in the pseudo elbow joint structure according to the present invention. FIG. 35 is a reference diagram showing another example of the dislocation state of the elbow joint in the pseudo elbow joint structure according to the present invention. FIG. 36 is a reference diagram showing a configuration of a specific example of the pseudo ankle joint structure according to the present invention. FIG. 37 is a reference diagram showing an example of the dislocation state of the ankle joint in the pseudo ankle joint structure according to the present invention. FIG. 38 is a reference diagram showing a configuration of a specific example of the pseudo ankle joint structure according to the present invention. FIG. 39 is a reference diagram showing the configuration of another specific example of the pseudo ankle joint structure according to the present invention. FIG. 40 is a reference diagram showing a configuration of a specific example of the pseudo shoulder joint structure according to the present invention. FIG. 41 is a reference diagram showing an example of a dislocation state of the shoulder joint in the pseudo shoulder joint structure according to the present invention. FIG. 42 is a reference diagram showing a configuration of a specific example of the pseudo hip joint structure according to the present invention. FIG. 43 is a reference diagram showing a configuration of another specific example of the pseudo-hip joint structure according to the present invention. FIG. 44 is a reference diagram showing a configuration of another specific example of the pseudo hip joint structure according to the present invention. FIG. 45 is a reference diagram showing an example of a dislocation state of the hip joint in the pseudo-thigh joint structure according to the present invention. FIG. 46 is a reference diagram showing a configuration of a specific example of a pseudo knee joint structure according to the present invention. FIG. 47 is a reference diagram showing a configuration of a specific example of a pseudo knee joint structure according to the present invention. FIG. 48 is a reference diagram showing an example of the dislocation state of the knee joint in the pseudo knee joint structure according to the present invention. FIG. 49 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a specific example of the joint dislocation reduction processing operation learning device according to the present invention. FIG. 50 is a perspective view illustrating the configuration of a specific example of a spring mechanism used in the pseudo shoulder joint structure according to the present invention. FIG. 51 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a joint head and a glenoid used in the pseudo shoulder joint structure according to the present invention. FIG. 52 is a diagram for explaining the configuration of a specific example of the joint dislocation reduction processing operation learning device according to the present invention. 53 is a diagram for explaining the configuration of a specific example of the joint dislocation reduction processing operation learning device according to the present invention. 54 is a diagram for explaining the configuration of a specific example of the joint dislocation reduction processing operation learning device according to the present invention. 55 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a specific example of the joint dislocation reduction processing operation learning device according to the present invention. 56 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of a specific example of the joint dislocation reduction processing operation learning device according to the present invention. FIG. 57 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of a specific example of the joint dislocation reduction processing operation learning device according to the present invention. FIG. 58 is a view for explaining the configuration of a specific example of a spring mechanism used in the joint dislocation reduction processing operation learning device according to the present invention. FIG. 59 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a joint head and a glenoid used in the pseudo shoulder joint structure according to the present invention. FIG. 60 is a diagram for explaining a configuration example of the joint head and glenoid fossa used in the pseudo shoulder joint structure according to the present invention. FIG. 61 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of a specific example of a spring mechanism used in the joint dislocation reduction processing operation learning device according to the present invention. FIG. 62 is a view for explaining the configuration of a specific example of a spring mechanism used in the joint dislocation reduction processing operation learning device according to the present invention. FIG. 63 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a specific example of a spring mechanism used in the joint dislocation reduction processing operation learning device according to the present invention. FIG. 64 is a diagram for explaining a configuration example of the joint head and the glenoid used in the pseudo shoulder joint structure according to the present invention. FIG. 65 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a joint head and a glenoid used in the pseudo shoulder joint structure according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, the configuration and function of the pseudo joint structure in the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
That is, FIG. 3A is a diagram showing a configuration of a specific example of the pseudo joint structure 1 according to the present invention. In the figure, a predetermined joint structure in a predetermined part of the human body 100 is shown. A pseudo joint structure 1 having a structure similar to that of the first pseudo bone member 2 in which the joint head 5 is formed at one end thereof, and the joint fossa 6 at one end thereof. And the first and second pseudo bone members 2 and 3 are configured such that the joint head 5 and the nodule 6 are fitted to each other. However, the first and second pseudo bone members 2 and 3 are either pseudo bones of the first and second pseudo bone members 2 and 3. One end of the member 2 or 3 is fixed to the first auxiliary support 20 connected to a part of the members 2 or 3 or one of the pseudo bone members 2 or 3. The other end part is fixed to the second auxiliary support part 22 connected to a part of the other pseudo bone members 3, 2 or the pseudo bone member 2 directly or via an appropriate connecting member 21. The elastic elastic member 24 is pressed against each other under a predetermined pressing force. Further, the pseudo joint structure 1 includes the first and second pseudo bone members 2 and 3. The function of displaying the dislocation state between the pseudo bone members 2 and 3 to be stationary and the first and second pseudo bone members 2 and 3 in the pseudo joint structure 1 in the dislocation state A reduction operation for a joint dislocation characterized by having a function of reducing the dislocation state by adding an operation of extending or rotating at least one of the two, displacing in a predetermined direction while pushing Pseudo joint structure 1 for learning It has been.

The pseudo joint structure 1 according to the present invention needs to be formed so as to have substantially the same shape and structure as the bone structure in each joint part of each actual human body, preferably age, sex, It is desirable to prepare different pseudo joint structures 1 individually depending on the body shape and the like.
In the present invention, the bone member of each part constituting the pseudo joint structure 1, that is, the first pseudo bone member 2 and the second pseudo bone member 3 are composed of an appropriate metal material and composite resin material. Resin materials, reinforced plastics including carbon fibers, plaster containing appropriate reinforcing materials, plastics that soften by heating, such as "Orthoplast", and solidify by cooling, or paper, wood, etc. The selected material is a material having an appropriate thickness and is integrally manufactured so as to have individual structures as shown in FIGS.
Of course, if necessary, each of the first and second pseudo bone members 2 or 3 is subdivided into necessary parts, individually molded, integrally assembled, and completed. May be.

The pseudo bone members 2 and 3 of the pseudo joint structure 1 according to the present invention may be formed of a cylindrical body with a solid interior, or a hollow cylinder state in which the interior is hollow or It may be configured in a semi-cylindrical state.
Furthermore, in the present invention, in order to facilitate the reduction processing operation, substantially the entire shape is cylindrical, and each has an appearance shape that approximates the appearance of an actual part of a predetermined human body. It is desirable that it be formed.

Further, in the present invention, in order to perform various operations such as removing, assembling, or repairing / adjusting appropriate adjusting members, drive assisting members and the like including various elastic elastic materials to be described later, It is also desirable that the outer surface of the pseudo bone member is omitted so that a part of the pseudo bone member 2 or 3 can be seen through.
In the present invention, the elastic elastic member 24 is disposed in the internal space of the first pseudo bone member 2 or the second pseudo bone member 3, and the elastic elastic member 24 is One end portion is fixedly joined to the end portion of the first pseudo bone member 2 or the second pseudo bone member 3 via appropriate fixing members 27 and 28, or the first pseudo bone member 2 or the second pseudo bone member 2 The pseudo bone member 3 is fixed to appropriate portions in the internal space via appropriate fixing members 27 and 28.

  In another specific example of the pseudo joint structure 1 according to the present invention, the first and second pseudo bone members 2, 3, as shown in FIG. At least one of the second pseudo bone members 3, for example, a first auxiliary support portion 20 having an appropriate shape made of a metal, a synthetic resin, or a wooden material is connected and provided. It may be.

As will be described later, the first auxiliary support member 20 functions so as to be stably held and fixed or placed at a specific place so that the state of the dislocated specific joint can be observed. At the same time, in addition to having a function of stably fixing the pseudo-joint structure 1 in a predetermined place even when experiencing the reduction treatment operation for dislocation, one end portion of an appropriate elastic elastic member 24 is provided. It has a function of fixing and holding, or a function of fixing and holding the end of an appropriate connecting member 21 connected to the other end of the stretchable elastic member 24, and is used in the present invention. The fixing means 27 and 28 are not particularly limited. However, the elastic elastic impact can be obtained by using appropriate fixing members 27 and 28 such as bolts, nuts, hooks, and screws. The member 24 and the connecting member 21 are It is intended to be used to constant.
The first auxiliary support member 20 in the present invention is preferably used in combination with a joint having a particularly large joint portion, for example, a hip joint, a shoulder joint, or a knee joint.

  On the other hand, in the individual member of the pseudo joint structure according to the present invention, the first pseudo bone member 2 and the second pseudo bone member 3 are substantially linearly arranged. The joint head 5 and the glenoid cavity 6 are in contact with each other along the longitudinal direction of the members 2 and 3 and are in contact with each other under a predetermined pressing force. As an example, for example, as shown in FIG. 3A, the first and second pseudo bone members 2 and 3 are either one of the first and second pseudo bone members 2 and 3. One end portion is fixed to a part of the bone members 2, 3, and the other end portion is fixed to a part of the other pseudo bone members 3, 2 directly or via an appropriate connecting member 21. The elastic resilient member 24 may be configured to be in contact with each other under a predetermined pressing force, or As a specific example, as shown in FIGS. 3 (B) and 3 (C), the first and second pseudo bone members 2 and 3 include the first and second pseudo bone members 2 and 2, respectively. 3, one end thereof is fixed to the first auxiliary support member 20 connected to one of the pseudo bone members 3, and the other end thereof is directly or via the appropriate connecting member 21 to the other pseudo bone. It has a configuration in which they are brought into contact with each other under a predetermined pressing force by an appropriate elastic elastic member 24 fixed to a second auxiliary support member 22 connected to the member 2. There may be.

Further, in the present invention, the elastic elastic member 24 may be a spring made of metal or a synthetic resin, or may have an appropriate stretchability made of an elastic band mainly composed of rubber or synthetic resin. It is comprised from the member which has expansion | extension recovery property.
The length and thickness of the elastic elastic member 24 in the present invention are not particularly limited, and the first or second pseudo bone member 2 or 3 to be used, or the auxiliary support frame portion. It is desirable that the size is determined in consideration of the size of 22 and the extension force, extension recovery force, and the like that are individually required in a predetermined component of the predetermined joint.
Further, the stretchable elastic member 24 according to the present invention can appropriately adjust the extension force, extension recovery force, etc. in consideration of the characteristic factors of the predetermined joint part, sex, and age. The adjusting means 29 may be provided.
As the adjustment means 29, for example, a plurality of stretchable elastic members 24 having different extension forces or extension recovery forces are prepared in advance, and a selection switching means configured to select them appropriately, or A connection state switching means or the like having a function of continuously connecting a plurality of types of stretchable resilient members 24 selected from the plurality of types of stretchable resilient members 24 in the longitudinal direction can be used.

On the other hand, the connecting member 21 used in the present invention and connected to the other end of the elastic elastic member 24 is at least one, or in some cases, two or more. The structure or material used is not particularly limited, and preferably has a certain degree of elongation and stretchability of appropriate strength, and is made of a metal or synthetic resin filament or natural fiber. Or it is preferable that it is comprised by the filament formed from the strip | belt body which consists of a thread | yarn body which consists of synthetic fibers, or a leather material, a synthetic resin sheet material, etc.
In the specific example of the present invention described above, when the connecting member 21 having at least two of the filaments is used, as shown in FIG. Can be used by being bent at a substantially central position in the middle thereof, and further, at the substantially central position of the connecting member 21 having the line, It is also preferable to use the connecting member 21 in a continuous state by inserting and arranging a pulley means 125 having an appropriate structure as shown in FIG. It is.
As a further specific example, when a plurality of the elastic resilient members 24 and a plurality of the connecting members 21 are used, for example, as shown in FIG. At the same time, after the one connecting member 21 is circulated in series, the end members may be fixed using an appropriate joining means 120 or the like.

In the inner space of one pseudo bone member 2 or 3 of the first or second pseudo bone member 2 or 3 according to the present invention, the other end of the stretchable elastic member 24 and an appropriate coupling means The other end of the connecting member 21 joined via 31 is, for example, the joint head 5 in the first pseudo bone member 2 and the glenoid 6 of the second bone member 3. A kerf portion 32 having an appropriate size formed at or near a portion where the central axis of each of the first pseudo bone member 2 and the second pseudo bone member 3 passes, preferably at a substantially central portion. Alternatively, it is fixed and held inside the pseudo bone member through appropriate joint means 28 in the other pseudo bone member through the hole 35.
Alternatively, the other end portion of the connecting member 21 is configured to be fixedly held inside the first or second auxiliary support portion 20, 22 as shown in FIG. There may be.

As still another characteristic technical configuration of the pseudo joint structure 1 in the present invention, first, as shown in FIG. 4, the first and second pseudo bone members in the pseudo joint structure 1 are used. In order to display in a stable state the dislocation state in which the joint head 5 is detached from the glenoid cavity 6 between 2 and 3, the pseudo bone members 2 and 3 are folded in a predetermined direction, or By having one pseudo bone member twisted or swiveled with respect to the other pseudo bone member, the dislocation state is created, and the dislocation state is maintained as it is. Is.
That is, in the pseudo joint structure 1 according to the present invention, the user of the pseudo joint structure 1 creates a dislocation state in an arbitrary state at an arbitrary time, and maintains the dislocation state as it is. It has a function to keep it.

Furthermore, as another characteristic technical configuration of the pseudo joint structure 1 in the present invention, the pseudo joint structure 1 is formed between the first and second pseudo bone members 2 and 3 in the pseudo joint structure 1. Applying an operation of displacing or turning in a predetermined direction while extending at least one of the first and second pseudo bone members 2 and 3 in the pseudo joint structure 1 in the dislocated state. Therefore, the dislocation state is reduced to the normal joint structure state.
On the other hand, in the specific example of FIG. 3 (C), the elastic elastic member 24 in the mutual contact pressure between the first and second pseudo bone members 2 and 3 in a desired pseudo joint structure. And the connecting engagement method of the connecting member 21 is different from those of the specific examples described above, and the elastic resilient member 24 is provided in the first pseudo bone member 2 including the joint head 5. It has the composition which is.

  In order to realize the above-described characteristic technical configuration in the present invention, in the pseudo joint structure 1 in the present invention, due to the action of the stretchable elastic member 24 and the connecting member 21 described above. The first and second pseudo bone members 2 and 3 are in contact with each other under a predetermined pressing force with the joint head 5 and the glenoid cavity 6 facing each other. (This indicates a normal joint operation state), and at the same time, predetermined in at least a part of the joint head 5 and the joint fossa 6 of the first and second pseudo bone members 2 and 3 The connecting member 21, which is a striatum, is attached to a predetermined part of the joint head 5 and a predetermined part of the joint fossa 6 in a predetermined dislocation state at a desired specific pseudo joint. One or a plurality of groove portions 32 or hole portions 35 are provided in order to be configured to guide. It is intended.

That is, as shown in FIG. 4 (A) and FIG. 4 (B), at least a part of at least one of the joint head 5 and the glenoid cavity 6 from the outer edge of the joint head 5 or the glenoid cavity 6 One or a plurality of cut groove portions 32 formed toward the inside are provided, and the number of the cut groove portions 32 is determined by the number of the connecting members 21 used.
In FIG. 4B, reference numeral 35 denotes a substantially central portion of the joint head 5 and the glenoid fossa 6, and when the connecting member 21 is in a normal joint state, This is a hole provided in advance to penetrate the glenoid cavity 6.
The hole 35 is always provided at the approximate center of the joint head 5 and the glenoid cavity 6. When the cut groove 32 is provided, the hole 35 and the cut groove 32 Is a specific example that is desirable to communicate with each other.

Further, the length of the cut groove 32 or the shape thereof is not particularly limited, and can be determined in consideration of the occurrence of the dislocation state in the joint.
Further, when a plurality of the cut groove portions 32 are provided, the length or the shape thereof and the longitudinal direction of the cut groove portions are not particularly limited, but may be different from each other. In particular, it is desirable that the formation direction of each of the cut groove portions 32 is designed and set according to the direction in which the dislocation of the joint portion occurs.
Therefore, in the present invention, information on the cause, occurrence state, direction, etc. of many joint dislocations is collected in advance, and from the information, the first or second pseudo dislocation is performed at the predetermined dislocation. It is desirable to determine the behavior of the bone members 2 and 3 on the assumption that the dislocation state occurs.

As shown in FIG. 4 (A) or FIG. 4 (B), the notch groove portion 32 in the present invention is connected to the stretchable elastic member 24 at the substantially central portion of the joint head 5. It may be formed separately in the vicinity of the hole 35 through which the connecting member 21 passes, or may be formed in communication with the hole 35.
By disposing the notch groove 32 in the above-described region, the joint 1 is dislocated and the joint head 5 is disengaged from the glenoid 6 as shown in FIG. In this state, the connecting member 21 that cooperates with the elastic resilient member 24 is placed in the hole 35 and the cut groove 32 under tension, so that the dislocation state is It is maintained and stored stably.
That is, the hole 35 and the cut groove 32 and the like cannot be observed from the outside when the predetermined joint is normal, but from the outside when the predetermined joint is dislocated. You can observe.
Further, in the present invention, the cut groove 32 is a groove that can pass through a wire having another function such as an auxiliary wire or a reinforcing wire, as will be described later. The groove portion is not limited to being provided only in the joint head 5 or the glenoid 6, and for example, the joint head 5 of the first or second pseudo bone member 2 or 3 is not limited. And / or the outer surface of the glenoid cavity 6 or the outer surface of the joint head 5 or a part close to the glenoid cavity 6 or the like having an appropriate length, an appropriate shape, an appropriate width, or the like. It is also possible to form and arrange the groove portions.

In this specific example, only the groove 32 may be formed on the joint head 5 or the glenoid fossa 6, and as shown in FIG. It may be formed by communicating with the cut groove portion 32, or one or a plurality of the cut groove portions 32 having different lengths, shapes, or longitudinal center axis directions of the grooves. It is also possible to provide.
As described above, the arrangement position or the arrangement direction of the cut groove 32 is such that the contractile elastic member 24 or the connecting member 21 is in a direction in which dislocation is likely to occur in the predetermined joint. It is possible to determine the arrangement conditions and the like so as to be guided easily.
Then, when performing a reduction processing operation to restore the dislocation state to a normal joint structure, for example, the first or second pseudo bone member 2 or 3 is resisted against the contraction force of the stretchable elastic member 24. Then, a predetermined length differs in advance along the longitudinal direction of the first or second pseudo bone member 2 or 3, or different from the longitudinal direction of the first or second pseudo bone member 2 or 3. An operation of returning the joint head 5 into the recessed portion of the glenoid 6 by performing extension, pulling, turning, or twisting in the determined direction is performed. Alternatively, the second bone member 2 plays a guiding role in the extending direction, turning, or twisting direction.

Further, the dislocation state in the present invention as shown in FIG. 5A is caused by twisting one pseudo bone member 3 of the second pseudo bone members 2 and 3 in the first. When the joint dislocation structure is to be generated, for example, as shown in FIG. 5B or FIG. 5C, an appropriate part of the outer peripheral side wall portion of the one pseudo bone member 2 is appropriately disposed. The pin portion 40 is fixedly provided, and the cam portion 42 or the taper shape having an appropriate shape that comes into contact with the pin portion 40 is provided at an appropriate position on the outer peripheral side wall portion of the other pseudo bone member 3. A portion 42 is provided, the other pseudo bone member 3 is rotatably inserted into the hollow portion of the one pseudo bone member 2, and the cam portion or the taper portion 42 is brought into sliding contact with the pin portion 40. As a result, the other second pseudo bone member 3 is placed within the first pseudo bone member 2 in a predetermined manner. By turning within the angle or performing a twisting operation, the second pseudo bone member 3 extends in the axial direction of the second pseudo bone member 3 while being twisted to create a predetermined dislocation state. The reduction operation for the dislocation state is executed by executing the reverse operation of the operation.
Of course, in the present specific example, the first pseudo bone member 2 and the second pseudo bone member 3 are connected to each other by the appropriate retractable elastic member 24 and / or the connecting member 21 as described above. The joint head 5 and the glenoid cavity 6 are pressed and joined to each other.

In this specific example, as shown in FIG. 5D, the pin portion 40 is fitted into one end portion of the cam portion or the taper-like portion 42 to thereby form the cam portion or the taper-like shape. It is preferable to provide a recess 43 for making the movement of the portion 42 stationary. The pin portion 40 is fitted into the recess 43 to stop the twist of the second pseudo bone member 3 and maintain this state. I can do it.
Further, the position where the pin portion 40 is fitted in the concave portion 43 and the twist of the second pseudo bone member 3 is stopped is the second pseudo bone member when dislocation occurs in the joint portion. 3 will indicate the maximum ascending position.
Accordingly, in FIG. 5D, the vertical position of the concave portion 43 is such that the cam portion or the taper portion 42 abuts on the pin portion 40 when the joint is in a normal state. It is set at a position lower than the height position.

In the pseudo joint structure 1 according to the present invention, in the specific example shown in FIG. 3A, the connection member 21 is disposed in any of the internal space portions of the pseudo bone members 2 and 3. However, in another specific example of the present invention, at least a part of the connection member 21 is disposed on the external surface of the pseudo bone member 2 or 3 in the pseudo joint structure 1. This is also a preferable specific example.
That is, as indicated by a dotted line 21A or 21B in FIG. 3A, at least a part of the connection member 21 is directly or partially from the coupling site with the elastic elastic member 24. After being placed inside one of the pseudo bone members 2, 3, after being placed along the outer surface of the joint portion 1, it is inserted into the other inside of the pseudo bone members 3, 2 again. It may be configured to be fixed to a predetermined part.
When a plurality of the connecting members 21 are used in parallel, a part of the connecting members 21 may adopt the above configuration, or all the connecting members 21 may have the above configuration. It may be adopted.
In the above technical configuration of the present invention, the appropriate connecting member 21 disposed on the outer surface of the joint portion of the pseudo joint structure 1 exhibits a function similar to that of a ligament or a tendon. It is configured like this.

In still another specific example of the pseudo joint structure 1 according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 6A, the first pseudo bone member 2 or the second pseudo bone member 2 is used. An auxiliary linear body 50 having the same or different elongation and strength as the connection member 21 is arranged in parallel with the stretchable elastic member 24 provided on the bone member 3, and one of the auxiliary linear bodies 50 is arranged. The end 51 is joined to the vicinity P1 of the predetermined part P2 of the pseudo bone member 2 or 3 to which one end of the stretchable elastic member 24 is fixed, and the other end of the auxiliary linear body 50 is joined. A configuration in which the end 52 is joined to the other end 31 of the stretchable elastic member 24 may be adopted.
In such a specific example, the auxiliary linear body 50 is configured to exhibit a function similar to that of a ligament or tendon, and the pseudo bone member of the auxiliary linear body 50 is provided. It is a preferable example that the one end portion 51 joined to the second and third members is detachably joined to the pseudo bone members 2 and 3 via an appropriate joining means 55.

More specifically, the region P1 close to the region P2 that fixes the one end 27 of the stretchable elastic member 24 to either one of the pseudo bone members 2 or 3 is shown in FIG. For example, a hole portion 52 having a shape obtained by joining an L-shaped groove portion 53 and a circular portion 54 is provided, and is smaller than the inner diameter of the circular portion 54 of the hole portion 52. After fixing and fixing one end of the auxiliary linear body 50 to an appropriate locking member 55 having a diameter larger than the width, and inserting the locking member 55 from the circular portion 54 of the hole 52, The locking member 55 is moved into the groove 53 and the auxiliary linear body 50 is detachably fixed.
By adopting such a configuration, by separating the one end portion of the auxiliary linear body 50 according to the present invention from the pseudo bone members 2 and 3, the ligament or the tendon is removed in the dislocation state of the joint 1. It is comprised so that the state cut | disconnected may be revealed.
That is, in this specific example, in the pseudo joint structure 1, the auxiliary linear body 50 exhibits a function similar to the function of the ligament or tendon in the actual joint portion 1. The auxiliary linear member 50 is detachably joined and fixed to the pseudo bone member 2 or 3 so that the function of the ligament or tendon at the pseudo joint portion is normal. For those who experience and learn the reduction processing operation, it is possible to create a situation where the function is lost and the function is lost because the ligament or tendon is cut or destroyed. It is possible to experience and practice reduction processing operations that deal with both dislocation states.
On the other hand, when the pseudo joint structure 1 according to the present invention is large, for example, when it is a knee joint, the first and second pseudo bone members 2 of the pseudo joint structure 1 are provided. For example, auxiliary joining linear bodies 803, 804 or 809 810 as shown in FIG. 27 to FIG. 30 may be further used.

Further, in the pseudo joint structure 1 according to the present invention, the pseudo joint structure 1 representing a joint in which a plurality of individual joint groups are arranged substantially in series, for example, a finger joint. In the pseudo joint structure 1 relating to the above, a plurality of pseudo bone members 2 or 3 may be connected in series along the longitudinal direction thereof.
Furthermore, as described above, in the pseudo joint structure 1 according to the present invention, the joint surface portion of the first and second pseudo bone members of the pseudo joint structure, that is, the joint head 5 or the joint. For example, a hole 86 or a slit-like groove 87 as illustrated in FIG. 8 may be provided in any one of the pits 6 or a part of both of them.
That is, in the pseudo joint structure 1 according to the present invention, as described above, the dislocation state is formed between the first and second pseudo bone members of any of the pseudo joint structures. To maintain and maintain, the elastic elastic member 24, the connecting member 21 or the auxiliary linear body for designating the directionality of the dislocation state to at least one of the first and second pseudo bone members Is formed with at least one groove portion 87 or hole portion 86 through which the water can pass.

On the other hand, in the pseudo joint structure 1 according to the present invention, when the pseudo joint structure is a knee joint, the pseudo joint structure has the basic pseudo joint structure as described above. In addition, the patella is disposed so as to be displaceable in the vicinity of the joint portion of the first and second pseudo bone members via an appropriate elastic elastic member and an appropriate auxiliary linear body. It is also a preferable specific example.
As described above, the pseudo joint structure 1 according to the present invention is a pseudo joint structure having configurations and functions of various joint structures of a human body, but a conventionally known simple joint structure model. Rather, it is configured so as to realize an operation that approximately approximates the normal operation of various joint structures that the human body has. For example, the normal state of various joint structures It is designed to examine and analyze in advance what kind of force is applied to each joint component when dislocation occurs, and to dislodge when approximate force is input. At the same time, in each individual specific joint structure, based on the information obtained through many experiments and observations in advance, grasp the situation of dislocation of the type that occurs frequently or frequently, Each dislocation state The dislocation state that has been generated can be kept stationary and observed in its shape, and the joint structure can be observed from the dislocation occurrence state. When performing reduction processing, which is an operation to return to the normal state, actually move any joint part in what direction and how much force is applied in a method suitable for the dislocation state. Thus, it is possible to repeatedly execute the training of the actual reduction method while experiencing the appropriate operation as to which direction to extend or push in.
Therefore, in the pseudo joint structure according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a reduction operation while directly touching a dislocation patient. Thus, it is possible to acquire the reduction processing operation of the dislocation.

Hereinafter, specific structural examples relating to the pseudo joint structure 1 according to the present invention corresponding to each joint portion on the actual human body will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
1. Pseudo joint structure corresponding to the finger joint:
As a specific example of the configuration of the pseudo finger joint structure 80 corresponding to the finger joint in the present invention, an example of the pseudo finger joint structure 80 corresponding to the index finger in the bone of the hand is shown below.
That is, as shown in FIG. 7, the index finger in a general human hand includes a metacarpal bone 71, a proximal phalanx 72, a middle phalanx 73, and a distal phalanx 74 along respective longitudinal axes. The joint head 715 of the metacarpal bone 71 and the glenoid 726 of the proximal phalanx 72 face each other to form a metacarpophalangeal joint 75, and the proximal segment The joint head 725 of the bone 72 and the glenoid fossa 736 of the middle phalanx 73 face each other to form a proximal interphalangeal joint 76, and the joint prefix 735 of the middle phalange 73 and the distal phalange 74 A distal interphalangeal joint 77 is formed facing the glenoid 746.

As an example of the configuration of the pseudo joint structure 80 according to the present invention corresponding to such an actual finger joint, as shown in FIGS. 8 (A) to 8 (F), an auxiliary support portion 85 having an appropriate shape. A first pseudo bone member 81 corresponding to the metacarpal bone 71 provided at one end of the first pseudo bone member 81 is disposed from one end of the first auxiliary support portion 85 of the first pseudo bone member 81. A free prefix portion 815 is provided at the free distal end portion of the projecting first pseudo bone member 81.
In addition, a second pseudo bone member 82 corresponding to the proximal phalanx 72 is provided at one end of the second pseudo bone member 82 so as to face the relevant prefix 815 of the first pseudo bone member 81. The joint glenoid 826 is arranged adjacent to each other so as to face the relevant prefix 815, and forms a joint portion 875 corresponding to the above-mentioned metacarpophalangeal joint 75.
Furthermore, a third pseudo bone member 83 corresponding to the middle phalanx 73 facing the joint head 825 provided at the other end portion of the second pseudo bone member 82, the third pseudo bone member 83, The glenoid 83 is disposed adjacently so that the glenoid 836 provided at one end of the bone member 83 is opposed to each other, and forms a joint 876 corresponding to the proximal interphalangeal joint 76 described above.
Furthermore, a fourth pseudo bone member 84 corresponding to the metaphyseal phalange 74 facing the joint head 835 provided at the other end portion of the third pseudo bone member 83, the fourth pseudo bone member 84. The glenoid 84 is arranged adjacent to each other so that the glenoid fossa 846 provided at one end of the bone member 84 faces each other, and forms a joint portion 877 corresponding to the distal interphalangeal joint 76 described above.

In this specific example, each of the pseudo bone members 81 to 84 is connected and fixed in series along the longitudinal axis of each pseudo bone member. The elastic elastic member 24 made of a spring or the like having appropriate elongation and elongation characteristics and the connecting member 21 connected to the elastic elastic member 24 are disposed in one auxiliary support portion 85. In the connection part, it is comprised so that moderate contact pressure stress may be applied mutually.
For example, one end portion of an appropriate spring 24 disposed in the first auxiliary support portion 85 is fixedly disposed at an appropriate portion of the first auxiliary support portion 85 using an appropriate fixing means 27. At the same time, the other end of the spring 24 is connected to a connecting member 21 made of an appropriate material having an appropriate strength or low elongation, and the connecting member 21 is connected to the internal space of each pseudo bone member described above. The portion is inserted and fixed to an appropriate portion inside the fourth pseudo bone member 84 via an appropriate fixing means (second auxiliary support portion) 28.
The individual pseudo bone members 81 to 84 and the first auxiliary support portion 85 in this specific example are formed of a substantially hollow cylindrical body or semi-cylindrical body with an appropriate material as described above, The joint head 5 and the glenoid 6 are respectively provided at both ends thereof, and a closed state is formed except for the passage hole 86 through which the connecting member 21 passes.

An example of a typical state of dislocation occurring in an actual finger joint is as shown in FIG. 8 (F), where the joint head 5 is laterally extended from the glenoid 6 in a certain joint. It is generated by moving in the direction and leaving.
Specifically, in order to express the dislocation state in the finger joint portion as faithfully as possible with the pseudo finger joint structure 1 according to the present invention, the following configuration is employed.
That is, in this specific example, in order to form the dislocation state intentionally in the pseudo joint structure 1, the individual pseudo bone members 81 to 84 are formed as shown in FIG. And the joint head 5 and / or the glenoid 6 in at least one of the joint portions 875 to 877 formed by joining the auxiliary support portions 85 to each other. It is desirable to provide at least one groove portion 87 extending radially from the passage hole 86 provided in the substantially central portion of the head 5 or the joint fovea 6 in the radial direction of the joint head 5 or the glenoid 6.
The length and depth of the groove 87 or the number of the grooves 87 are not particularly limited, but taking into account the bone part where dislocation is likely to occur in the finger joint and the direction of dislocation and the shape of dislocation, FIG. 8C and FIG. 8D show a state in which a specific dislocation state is generated in the pseudo-finger joint portion.
In the model of the pseudo-finger joint structure 1 actually created by the present inventor, a photograph showing the state of dislocation of the above-described finger joint is shown in FIGS. 32 and 33 which are reference diagrams. Has been.

In the pseudo-finger joint part of the present invention, as an example, when a dislocation state as shown in FIG. 8C occurs, the dislocation reduction process is performed when the dislocation reduction process is performed on the joint part. The person extends the dislocated joint pseudo bone member in the direction of the arrow X shown in FIG. 8C by applying a predetermined tension, and then releases the extension force to reduce the dislocation. I can do it.
That is, the pseudo-joint structure 1 in the present invention is used when a specific dislocation at the specific joint is reduced by a dislocation reduction person or trainer who has not experienced the dislocation reduction. Repeated training and training on how much force is applied in the direction, how much the dislocated bone is pulled, and how the bone of the dislocated joint is returned to its original state. This has the effect that the inexperienced dislocation reduction processor and trainer can learn the technique in a short period of time.

2. Pseudo joint structure corresponding to elbow joint:
Next, a specific example of the configuration of the pseudo joint structure 1 corresponding to the elbow joint in the present invention is shown below.
That is, as shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B, a general human elbow joint is called an ulnar joint 90, and basically, the humerus 91, the ulna 92, and the radius 93 is formed by being wrapped in one joint capsule 94, and in particular, the humeral pulley 95 corresponding to the joint head 5 formed at the lower end of the humerus 91 and the ulna The humeral ulnar joint 97 formed between the curved pulley notch 96 corresponding to the glenoid 6 formed on the upper end of 92 and the other lower end of the humerus 91 is formed. Arm brachial joint formed between the humeral head 98 corresponding to the joint head 5 and the joint annular surface 99 corresponding to the glenoid 6 formed at the upper end of the rib 93. 900 is comprised.

  As an example of the configuration of the pseudo elbow joint structure 101 according to the present invention corresponding to such an actual elbow joint, it corresponds to the humeral head 98 as shown in FIGS. A pseudo humerus part 104 corresponding to a part of the humerus 91, a pseudo humerus head 1098 and a pseudo humerus pulley 1095 corresponding to the humerus pulley 95 formed at one end thereof; The pseudo rib 106 having a pseudo joint annular surface portion 1099 corresponding to the joint annular surface portion 99 which is a part of the pseudo rib corresponding to the rib 93 and is fitted to the pseudo humeral head 1098 at one end thereof. And a pseudo ulna 107 having a pseudo pulley notch 1096 corresponding to the pulley notch 96 which is a part of the pseudo ulna corresponding to the ulna 92 and is fitted to the pseudo humeral pulley 1095 at one end thereof. Tokara By arranging them close to each other, a pseudo humeral joint part 108 and a pseudo arm ulnar joint part 109 are formed, and the other end of the pseudo humerus part 104 is It is connected to a first auxiliary support member 102 having an appropriate auxiliary support function, and is a part of a pseudo ulna corresponding to the pseudo rib 106 and the ulna 92, and a pseudo humerus at one end thereof. The other end of each of the pulley 1095 and the pseudo ulna 107 is connected to a second auxiliary support member 103 having an appropriate auxiliary support function.

In FIGS. 10A to 10B described above, the pseudo elbow joint structure 101 shows a configuration example in a case where the elbow portion is stretched and is in a straight state.
In this specific example, the shape and dimensions of each pseudo bone member and each auxiliary support member are not particularly limited, but may be arbitrarily determined in consideration of the actual size of the elbow joint. Is possible.
On the other hand, each of the pseudo bone members and each of the auxiliary support members is preferably substantially cylindrical and hollow, and the material for forming each member is not particularly limited. It is possible to use the raw materials used in

On the other hand, in this specific example, each of the pseudo bone members 104, 106, 107 described above is connected and fixed in series along the longitudinal axis of each pseudo bone member. Includes a stretchable elastic member 24 made of a spring or the like having an appropriate elongation and elongation characteristics, one end of which is arranged and fixed to a predetermined portion 27 of the first auxiliary support portion 102, and the stretchable elasticity. One end is connected to the other end of the member 24, and the connecting member 21 is fixed to an appropriate portion 28 disposed in the second auxiliary support portion 103 at the other end. In each pseudo joint part, each pseudo bone member has a structure joined so that an appropriate contact pressure stress is applied to each other.
Each of the connecting members 21 used in this specific example is disposed in the hollow space inside each pseudo bone, and its material, fixing method, elongation, elongation force, strength, etc. As in the case of the specific example described above, it can be arbitrarily set.
The connecting member 21 desirably passes through the pseudo ulna 107 and the pseudo rib 106 individually, and it is preferable that the individual connecting member 21 is connected to one spring 24.
Alternatively, as described above, the pulley means 125 can be disposed at the joint engaging portion between the end of the stretchable elastic member 24 and the end of the connecting member 21.

In this specific example, it is also possible to realize a state in which a ligament or a tendon exists by partially rubbing the outer surface of the pseudo-elbow joint portion 101 with another connecting member.
The individual pseudo bone members 104, 106, and 107 in this specific example are formed in a substantially hollow cylindrical body with an appropriate material as described above, and both ends thereof are respectively connected to the joint head 5 and the like. The glenoid 6 is provided in each, and it is desirable to form the closed state except for the passage hole 86 through which the connecting member 21 passes.

In more detail, FIG. 10A is a front view of the pseudo elbow joint structure 101 according to the present invention as seen from the front, and the pseudo humerus in the pseudo elbow joint 101. The positional relationship between the portion 104 and the pseudo ulna 107 and the pseudo rib 106 is clearly shown, and in particular, a part of the pseudo humeral pulley 1095 and the pseudo pulley notch 1096 fitted to each other. In part of this, a hole portion 86 having a predetermined size through which the connecting member 21 can be inserted and passed, and a groove portion 87 having a predetermined shape, a predetermined length, and a width are opposed to each other. Similarly, the connecting member 21 is also inserted into and passed through a part of the pseudo humeral head 1098 and a part of the pseudo joint annular surface portion 1099 fitted to the pseudo humeral head 1098. Hole 86 of a predetermined size and It communicates with a groove portion 87 having a predetermined length and width are disposed so as to face each other.
In this specific example, the groove 87 penetrates the pseudo bone members 104, 106, and 107 when the connecting member 21 described above is in a normal state of the pseudo elbow joint part 101. It is preferable to communicate with a hole 86 provided to pass through.
FIG. 10A is a front view when the elbow portion in the pseudo elbow joint portion 101 is in a linearly extended state.

On the other hand, FIG. 10 (B) is a rear view when the elbow part in the pseudo joint structure 101 according to the present invention is in a linearly extended state, similar to FIG. 10 (A). 11 (A) is a left side view of the pseudo joint structure 1 according to the present invention, and shows a state where the elbow joint is bent at a right angle.
FIG. 11B is a perspective view showing a state where the elbow joint is bent at a right angle.
In any of the above-described drawings, examples of attachment states of the stretchable elastic member 24 and the connecting member 21 on the first and second auxiliary support members 102 and 103 are shown, and The example of the arrangement | positioning condition of the said connection member 21 in a bone member is shown.
A photograph showing the configuration of a specific example of the model of the pseudo-elbow joint structure 101 actually created by the present inventor is shown in FIG. 34 of the reference diagram, and an example of the dislocation state in the model The photograph shown is shown in FIG. 35 of the reference diagram.
FIGS. 12A and 12B are side views showing an example of a typical example of a dislocation state that often occurs in the pseudo-elbow joint structure 101 according to the present invention. This shows a situation where a part of the pseudo humeral pulley 1095 which is the joint head 5 is partly removed from the pseudo pulley notch 1096 which is the glenoid 6.

That is, in FIG. 12A, dislocation is caused by the displacement of the joint head 5 of the pseudo-humeral bone pseudo bone member 104 from the glenoid 6 in the longitudinal direction of the pseudo humeral pseudo bone member 104. The state when it occurs is shown.
In the dislocation state, the connection member 21 is drawn into the groove 87 provided in the pseudo humeral pulley 1095 and the pseudo pulley notch 1096 as shown in the drawing, and both the pseudo bone members 1095 and 1096 are drawn. Thus, the dislocation state can be maintained in a stationary stable state by showing a shape that runs obliquely in the interior space.
Such a situation similarly occurs between the pseudo humeral head 1098 and the pseudo joint annular surface portion 1099.
FIG. 12B is a side view showing an example in which another dislocation state occurs in the pseudo joint structure 1 according to the present invention, and the pseudo humerus portion 104 is the pseudo ulna. 107 shows a state in which the pseudo humeral pulley 1095 is completely detached from the pseudo pulley notch 1096.
In the dislocation state, the connecting member 21 is bent at the lower end portion of the groove portion 87 provided in the pseudo humeral pulley 1095 and the groove portion provided in the pseudo pulley notch 1096 as illustrated. 87 through the pseudo pulley notch 1096.
With this configuration, the dislocation state can be maintained in a stationary stable state.
FIG. 12C is a front view of such a situation as seen from the pseudo pulley notch 1096 side, and FIG. 12D is a perspective view thereof.
The photograph which image | photographed the dislocation state which concerns is shown by FIG. 35 which is a reference figure.
Further, such a situation occurs similarly between the pseudo humeral head 1098 and the pseudo joint annular surface portion 1099.

That is, in this specific example, as shown in FIGS. 10 to 12, in order to intentionally form a dislocation state in the pseudo elbow joint structure 101, the individual pseudo bone members 104, The joint head 5 or the joint head 5 or the joint fossa 6 in at least one of the joint portions 109 and 108 formed by joining 106 and 107 to each other is connected to the joint head 5 or From the passage hole 86 provided in the substantially central part of the glenoid 6 and the overhole 86, the peripheral edge of the joint head 5 or the glenoid 6 in a radial manner as shown in FIG. It is desirable that at least one groove portion 87 extending in the direction of the portion is provided.
The length and depth of the groove 87 or the number of the grooves 87 are not particularly limited. However, considering the bone part where the dislocation is likely to occur at the elbow joint, the direction of the dislocation occurring, and the shape of the dislocation. Can be determined as appropriate.

In the pseudo-elbow joint according to the present invention, for example, when a dislocation state as shown in FIGS. 12A and 12B occurs, a dislocation reduction process is performed on the joint. In this case, the dislocation reduction processor turns the pseudo bone member of the dislocated joint part while lifting it up with a predetermined tension in the direction of arrow Y shown in FIGS. 12 (A) and 12 (B), and then Dislocation can be reduced by releasing the extension force.
That is, the pseudo-joint structure 1 in the present invention is used when a specific dislocation at the specific joint is reduced by a dislocation reduction person or trainer who has not experienced the dislocation reduction. Repeated training and training on how much force is applied in the direction, how much the dislocated bone is pulled, and how the bone of the dislocated joint is returned to its original state. This has the effect that the inexperienced dislocation reduction processor and trainer can learn the technique in a short period of time.

3. Pseudo joint structure corresponding to ankle joint:
Next, a specific example of the configuration of the pseudo ankle joint structure 141 corresponding to the ankle joint in the present invention is shown below.
That is, as shown in FIG. 13, a general human ankle joint is constituted by a rib 131, a tibia 132, and a talus 133, and is generally referred to as a talus joint 134. A glenoid 6 is formed by the lower joint surface 135 of the tibia, the inner surface 136 of the end of the tibia, and the inner surface 137 of the lower end of the rib. A head 5 is formed, and both of them are fitted to each other to form the thigh joint 134.

As an example of the configuration of the pseudo ankle joint structure 141 according to the present invention corresponding to such an actual leg joint, as shown in FIGS. 14 (A) to 16 (B), the rib 143 and the tibia 144 are connected. A hollow shape showing an external shape in which a pseudo leg 142 made of a hollow cylindrical body having an integrated external shape, and a bone-rejecting portion, a tarsal bone portion, a metatarsal bone portion, a phalange portion, etc. are integrated and incorporated. And a pseudo thigh joint 148 is formed between the lower end of the pseudo leg 142 and the upper edge of the pseudo toe 151.
If the configuration of the pseudo thigh joint 148 in this specific example is described in more detail, as shown in FIGS. 14 (A) and 14 (B), it is integrated with the lower end portion of the pseudo leg 142. Artificial lower end joint surface 146 of the pseudo tibia 144 corresponding to the lower end joint surface 135 of the tibia 132 and the lower end portion of the pseudo tibia 144 corresponding to the end inner surface 136 of the tibia 132, which are formed continuously and continuously. A pseudo glenoid fossa 6 is formed by the inner surface 147 and the pseudo lower end inner surface 149 of the pseudo rib 143 corresponding to the lower end inner surface 137 of the rib 131, and the talar 133 formed on the upper surface of the pseudo talar 145. A pseudo joint head 5 is formed by the pseudo talar pulley 150 corresponding to the talus pulley 138, and the pseudo joint 148 is formed by fitting both of them together. That.

In this specific example, the lower end portion of the pseudo tibia 144 and the lower end portion of the pseudo rib 143 may be formed individually or in combination, It may be formed integrally.
In the pseudo ankle joint structure 141 according to the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 15A and 15B, the second pseudo foot pseudo-structure made of a substantially hollow cylindrical body. The pseudo leg 142 corresponding to the bone member and the pseudo toe portion 151 corresponding to the first pseudo foot pseudo bone member, which is also formed of a substantially hollow frame, form the pseudo thigh joint 148. And the pseudo leg 142 is connected to the pseudo toe 151 via the pseudo thigh joint 148 in the front-rear, left-right, and right-and-left directions. It can be swung so as to be inclined.

In order to realize such a state, in the specific example of the present invention, one end 30 is fixed to appropriate fixing means 27 provided in an appropriate portion P2 of the upper end of the pseudo leg 142. The stretchable elastic member 24 is disposed in the internal space of the pseudo leg 142, and at the same time, an appropriate connecting member having appropriate strength and elongation at one end 31 of the elastic elastic member 24. One end portion 33 of 21 is connected, and the other end portion 35 is connected and fixed to the inner surface of the upper surface of the pseudo toe portion 151 via appropriate fixing means 28.
In this specific example, two of the connecting members 21 are used, and each of the connecting members 21 is passed through the inside of the pseudo-thigh joint 148 from the end of the stretchable elastic member 24 and the pseudo toe 151 It is fixed to the upper surface.
That is, as shown in FIG. 15C, the connecting member 21 includes two holes 86 provided in the surface of the pseudo-thigh joint 148 where the glenoid 6 is formed, and the pseudo-talus 145. The two holes or slit-like grooves 87 provided on the surface where the pseudo joint head 5 is formed by the pseudo talar pulley 150 formed on the upper surface portion of the head are joined to the fixing portion 28. ing.
In addition, FIG.15 (C) is the perspective view which looked at the condition in the dislocation state where the said pseudo leg part 142 fell down to a little toe from the heel side.
The state in which the two connecting members 21 in this specific example are fixed to the upper surface of the pseudo foot 151 via the fixing means 28 is shown in FIG. This is shown in the rear view of the pseudo foot 151.
In another specific example of the present invention, in FIG. 15A, the two connecting members 21 connected to the lower end 31 of the elastic elastic member 24 are one. As the continuous thread body, the bent portion 33 may be connected to the lower end portion 31 of the stretchable elastic member 24. Further, in this specific example, as shown in FIG. Similarly, it is also a preferable specific example that the appropriate pulley means 2000 is used for engagement.

Furthermore, in the specific example according to the present invention, an auxiliary linear body 50 having the same or different elongation and strength as the connecting member 21 in parallel with the stretchable elastic member 24 as necessary. The one end 51 of the auxiliary linear body 50 is placed on the upper part of the pseudo leg 142 to which the one end 30 of the elastic elastic member 24 is fixed. It joins to the vicinity part P1 of the site | part P2 in which 24 fixing means 27 is arrange | positioned via the appropriate fixing means 55, and the other edge part 52 of the said auxiliary linear body 50 is connected to the said elastic | stretch elastic member The structure joined to the other end portion 24 of 24 or the upper end portion of the connecting member 21 is adopted.
In such a specific example, the auxiliary linear body 50 is configured to exhibit a function similar to that of a ligament or tendon, and the pseudo leg portion of the auxiliary linear body 50 is provided. The one end portion 51 joined to the upper end portion of 142 is a concrete example that is preferably detachably joined to the pseudo foot portion 142.
An example of a specific configuration for detachably joining the auxiliary linear body 50 to the upper end portion of the pseudo leg portion 142 employs a configuration as shown in FIG. May be.
A photograph of a specific example of each configuration described above in the model of the pseudo ankle joint structure 141 actually created by the present inventor is shown in FIG. 36 of the reference diagram, and a photograph showing an example of the dislocation state Is shown in FIG. 37 of the reference diagram.

  By adopting such a configuration, the ligament or tendon is cut in the dislocation state of the joint 1 by separating the one end 51 of the auxiliary linear body 50 according to the present invention from the pseudo leg 142. It is comprised so that the state currently performed may be revealed.

That is, in this specific example, in the pseudo joint structure 141, the auxiliary linear body 50 exhibits a function similar to the function of the ligament or tendon in the actual joint portion 148. The auxiliary linear body 50 is detachably joined and fixed to the pseudo leg 142 so that the function of the ligament or tendon in the pseudo joint 148 is normal. For those who experience and learn the reduction processing operation, it is possible to create a situation where the function is lost and the function is lost due to the ligament or tendon being cut or destroyed. It is possible to experience and practice the reduction processing operation to cope with the dislocation state.
The material, characteristics, shape, dimensions, and the like of the respective constituent members in this specific example can be the same as those used in the above specific examples.
Further, in the pseudo thigh joint 148 in this specific example, the pseudo leg 142 is arranged in the direction of arrow Y in FIG. 15C, or in FIG. 16A or FIG. Since it is possible to make a slight tilt in the direction of the arrow Z in B) from side to side or back and forth, various joint dislocation states regarding the pseudo-thigh joint 148 can be reproduced.
In the pseudo-thigh joint 148 according to the present invention, for example, when the dislocation state as described above occurs, when the dislocation reduction process is performed on the thigh joint 148, the dislocation reduction processor Pulling up the pseudo leg 142 in the longitudinal direction while applying a predetermined tension, and releasing the applied tension while returning the tilted pseudo leg 142 in the vertical direction, thereby removing the dislocation. Be reduced.

  In other words, the pseudo joint component 141 according to the present invention can be used for reducing a specific dislocation at the specific joint portion to a dislocation reduction processor or trainer who has not experienced the dislocation reduction processing. Repeated training and training on how much force is applied in the direction, how much the dislocated bone is pulled, and how the bone of the dislocated joint is returned to its original state. This has the effect that the inexperienced dislocation reduction processor and trainer can learn the technique in a short period of time.

Further, another specific example of the present invention relating to an ankle joint will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
In other words, this specific example shows one aspect having the configuration of one basic specific example of the present invention described in FIG.
That is, in the specific example, the pseudo-thigh joint 148 is dislocated into the pseudo-thigh joint 148 by the pseudo leg 142 being twisted with respect to the pseudo toe 151. This is a pseudo ankle joint structure 141 configured to reproduce the situation in the event of the occurrence of the above.
As shown in FIG. 17A, an example of the configuration of the specific example is basically the bottom 152 of the pseudo toe portion 151 that is the second pseudo bone member of the pseudo ankle joint structure 141. At the same time as providing the first hollow cylindrical body 154 extending in a substantially vertical direction from the appropriate pedestal portion 153 provided, the first leg portion 142 which is the first pseudo bone member is included in the first leg portion 142. A second hollow cylindrical body 155 fixed in a substantially vertical direction to be slidably fitted to the hollow cylindrical body 154, and the outer surface of the first or second hollow cylindrical body 154, 155 A cam-like member 156 having an appropriate taper-like portion and an engaging portion 157 that slides on and contacts the cam-like member 156 are arranged at appropriate portions.

That is, as the cam mechanism, the cam-like member is disposed at an appropriate portion corresponding to the locking portion 157 of the cam-like member on the outer surface of the second or first hollow cylindrical body 155, 154. The cam portion 156 having an appropriate slope to be engaged with the locking portion 157 is fixedly arranged, and the one end portion 31 is further provided in the first and second hollow cylindrical bodies 154 and 155 in the first end. One of the hollow cylindrical bodies 154 is fixedly disposed on the bottom 152 of the pseudo-foot 151 via appropriate fixing means 28, and the other end 30 thereof is the second hollow cylindrical body 155. The elastic elastic member 24 fixedly connected to an appropriate fixing means 27 provided inside the device is arranged directly or via an appropriate connecting member 21, whereby the first and second The pseudo bone members 142 and 151 are The thigh joints 148 are brought into contact with each other by an appropriate pressing force, and at least the pseudo leg 142 as the second pseudo bone member is twisted along the direction of the arrow Q with a predetermined turning angle. Accordingly, at least one of the joint head 5 and the glenoid cavity 6 in the pseudo-thigh joint 148 is stopped in a state of being separated from each other so as to have a predetermined interval H in the vertical direction along the direction of the arrow P. It is configured as follows.
Therefore, the state of dislocation due to twisting is expressed.

The locking portion 157 of the cam-like member 156 in this specific example is not particularly limited in its shape, arrangement position, protruding height, material, etc., and is a well-known member such as a metal or a synthetic resin. Bolts, hooks, protrusions, grooves, etc., made of high-strength synthetic resin mixed with silicon, carbon fiber, etc., are used. What is necessary is just to select and determine suitably in consideration of the shape, condition, etc. of the dislocation state expected in the pseudo-thigh joint 148.
The shape of the cam portion of the cam-like member 156 in this specific example, that is, the pitch and waveform of the cam are not particularly specified, but the cam corresponding to the second pseudo bone member at the time of dislocation It is possible to determine the pseudo leg 142 based on a large number of actually measured data on how much the turning angle is twisted with respect to the pseudo foot 151 and dislocation. At this time, the pitch and waveform of the cam, etc. based on a large number of measured data on how much the joint head 5 and the glenoid cavity 6 in the pseudo-thigh joint 148 are separated from each other mainly in the vertical direction. Can be determined.
For example, in FIG. 17B showing the same configuration as the cam mechanism shown in FIGS. 5C and 5D, the cam surface B of the cam portion 156 and the locking portion 157 are engaged. In the portion X1 where the dislocation occurs, the pseudo leg 142 is arranged at the highest position, and the cam surface A of the cam 156 and the locking portion 157 are engaged. The part X2 is a part when the dislocation is reduced and returned to the normal thigh joint 148.
Photographs of specific examples of the above-described configurations in the model of the pseudo ankle joint structure 141 actually created by the present inventor are shown in FIGS.

The reduction operation of the dislocated joint in the above-described specific example includes, for example, lifting the twisted pseudo leg 142 upward by applying a predetermined tensile tension in the longitudinal direction. In order to cancel the engagement state of the cam-like member with the locking portion 157 from the inclined surface B that holds the dislocation state of the cam portion, and then to eliminate the twisted state of the pseudo leg portion 142, The pseudo leg 142 is swung in the opposite direction to perform an operation of returning to the original joint arrangement state.
However, in this specific example, after the above operation, the dislocation reduction operation trainer slightly turns the pseudo leg portion 142 slightly in the original direction, and by the contraction force of the elastic elastic member 24, The cam surface A of the cam portion 156 is configured to automatically slide on the locking portion 157 and return to the normal position X2 before the dislocation occurs.

4). Pseudo joint structure corresponding to shoulder joint:
Next, a specific example of the configuration of the pseudo shoulder joint structure 191 corresponding to the shoulder joint in the present invention will be described below.
That is, as shown in FIG. 18, a general human shoulder joint 180 includes a glenoid 6 having a relatively shallow depth provided in a part of the scapula 181 and one end portion of the humerus 182. The joint head 5 having a relatively large spherical shape provided on the ball joint is configured to be fitted to each other.

As an example of the configuration of the pseudo shoulder joint structure 190 according to the present invention corresponding to the actual shoulder joint 180, as shown in FIG. 19 (A), on one surface portion corresponding to the scapula 181 A pseudo scapula 191 having a glenoid fossa 6 in which a shallow curved dent is formed, and the other end of a pseudo humerus 192 corresponding to the humerus 182 and having a pseudo elbow joint 101 at one end thereof The joint head 5 which forms the humeral head having a substantially spherical shape formed in the portion is joined to each other and fitted together under an appropriate contact pressure, and the pseudo shoulder joint 190 is formed. It is what.
A specific example of the configuration of the pseudo shoulder joint structure 190 according to the present invention will be described in more detail. The scapula formed in an appropriate shape having the glenoid 6 according to the present invention. The pseudo-scapula 191 corresponding to a part of the shape of the first auxiliary support means 1922 having a suitable hollow internal shape is fixedly attached to a part of the surface, and the first auxiliary support means At least one, preferably two, elastic elastic members having a predetermined elongation and elongation recovery rate, one end 1930 of which is attached to a part of the inner wall of 1922 via appropriate fixing means 1927 24, one end of the connecting member 21 having an appropriate strength or elongation is connected to the other end 1931 of each of the elastic elastic members 24, and the other end 1933 of the connecting member 21 is connected. The first After passing through the hole 1932 formed in the surface portion of the auxiliary support means 1922 and passing through the outer portion of the joint glenoid 6, it is joined to appropriate fixing means 1934 provided on the surface of the joint head 5. Fixed or introduced into the joint head 5 through an appropriate through-hole 1935 provided on the surface of the joint head 5 and bonded and fixed to appropriate fixing means 1934 provided in the joint head 5 It may be configured to do so.

In this specific example, at least two of the connecting members 21 are juxtaposed to pass through a side wall surface of the glenoid 6 in parallel from a predetermined part of the joint head 5, and the elastic elastic member. At the same time, the two other connecting members 21 are joined to one end of the other elastic elastic member 24 while maintaining the same arrangement form. It is constituted so as to make it.
Of course, in the specific example of the present invention, the elastic elastic member 24 may be provided as one, and the four connecting members 21 may be connected thereto.
In this specific example, the other end 1933 of the connecting member 21 may be joined by a suitable joining means provided on the joint head 5 by a suitable joining and fixing means 1934. In some cases, the joint member 21 connected to the one elastic elastic member 24 is joined to the joint head 5 in a continuous state in a loop shape within the joint head 5. It may be.
That is, in this specific example, the glenoid fossa 6 and the joint head 5 are fitted to each other under an appropriate contact pressure by the extension recovery force of the stretchable elastic member 24, and thus normal. A pseudo shoulder joint portion 190 is formed.
Also in such a specific example, as described above, the end portions of the plurality of elastic resilient members 24 and one continuous connecting member 21 are appropriately bent, and as shown in FIG. In addition, an appropriate pulley means 125 may be attached to the joint between the end of the stretchable elastic member 24 and the connecting member 21. Is also possible.

The shape and dimensions of the pseudo-glenoid fossa 6 and the pseudo-joint head 5 used in this specific example, the material thereof, the fixing method, and the elongation of the stretchable elastic member 24 and the connecting member 21, The extension force, strength, etc. can be arbitrarily set as in the case of the specific example described above.
In the pseudo shoulder joint 190 according to the present invention described above, as a typical form in which joint dislocation occurs, for example, the joint head 5 moves to the front side of the human body with respect to the glenoid 6. In the case of dislocation, on the contrary, the joint head 5 moves to the rear side of the human body with respect to the glenoid 6 to dislocate.
On the other hand, FIG. 19 (B) shows the situation when the dislocation state occurs when the joint head 5 moves laterally or obliquely in the direction of arrow T in the embodiment of FIG. 19 (A). It is a perspective view shown.
FIGS. 20A and 20B are a side view and a top view showing a state in which the specific dislocation state is generated in the pseudo shoulder joint 190 in this specific example. .
That is, the pseudo shoulder joint 190 is relatively easily dislocated compared to other joints due to its joint structure, and the joint head 5 is front and rear with respect to the position of the glenoid 6. In many cases, it displaces from the glenoid 6 after being displaced substantially horizontally in the direction or the left-right direction.
FIG. 20A and FIG. 20B described above show that the joint head 5 is displaced in the direction of the arrow T by the external force and falls off to the side wall portion side of the glenoid 6 under such a situation. The dislocation state is shown.
A photograph showing a specific example of each of the above-described configurations in a model of the pseudo-shoulder joint structure 190 actually created by the present inventor and a photograph showing the dislocation occurrence state thereof are shown in FIGS. It is shown.

In the pseudo shoulder joint 190 according to the present invention, for example, when a dislocation state as shown in FIGS. 20A and 20B occurs, the dislocation reduction process is performed on the joint. In this case, the dislocation reduction processor turns the humerus part 192 outwardly or inwardly at a predetermined angle in the direction of the arrow S or T shown in FIGS. The joint head 5 of the dislocated joint is gradually lifted upward while applying a predetermined tensile elongation tension by hand, pushed into the glenoid 6 and then released to reduce the dislocation. It can be made.
That is, the pseudo-joint structure 1 in the present invention is used when a specific dislocation at the specific joint is reduced by a dislocation reduction person or trainer who has not experienced the dislocation reduction. Repeated training and training on how much force is applied in the direction, how much the dislocated bone is pulled, and how the bone of the dislocated joint is returned to its original state. This has the effect that the inexperienced dislocation reduction processor and trainer can learn the technique in a short period of time.

5). Pseudo joint structure corresponding to hip joint:
Next, a specific example of the configuration of the pseudo hip joint structure 220 corresponding to the hip joint in the present invention will be described below.
That is, as shown in FIG. 21, a general human hip joint 210 is a generous portion corresponding to a relatively deep, bowl-shaped glenoid fossa 6 formed in a part of the hipbone 211 on the left and right side edges of the pelvis. The acetabulum 212 and a femoral head 214 corresponding to the joint head 5 provided at one end of the femoral portion 213 that fits in the acetabular cavities 212 are configured to be fitted to each other. It is a ball joint.

  As an example of the configuration of the pseudo hip joint structure 220 according to the present invention corresponding to the actual hip joint 210, as shown in FIGS. 22 (A) to 22 (D), there is a tolerance on the left and right side edges of the pelvis. A pseudo-acetabulum 221 having a pseudo-acetabular fossa 222 corresponding to a part of the bone 211 and corresponding to the relatively deep bowl-shaped glenoid 6 provided in the part; A corresponding pseudo-femoral portion 223, which is composed of the pseudo-humeral head 224 which is the joint head 5 corresponding to the humeral head 214 which has a substantially spherical shape provided at one end thereof, and The pseudo humeral head 224 and the pseudo acetabular acetabulum 222 are joined to each other under an appropriate contact pressure, and are fitted together to form the pseudo hip joint 220. .

  A specific example of the configuration of the pseudo hip joint structure 220 according to the present invention will be described in more detail. The pseudo hip acetabulum 222 corresponding to the glenoid cavity 6 according to the present invention is appropriately The pseudo hipbone 221 formed in a shape is fixed and attached to a part of the surface of the auxiliary support means 240 having an appropriate hollow internal shape via an appropriate fixing means 241, and the auxiliary support means 240 has an inside. At least one, preferably two, elastic elastic members 24 having a predetermined elongation and elongation recovery rate are attached to a part of the inner wall of the one end 242 via an appropriate fixing means 270. One end of the connecting member 21 having an appropriate strength or elongation is connected to the other end 243 of each of the elastic elastic members 24, and the other end 244 of the connecting member 21 is connected to the other end 244 First aid An insertion hole provided in the bottom surface W corresponding to the pseudo acetabulum 222 formed in the pseudo-acetabulum 221 through the hole or slit 245 formed in the surface portion of the holding means 240 300 is introduced into the inside of the pseudo humeral head 224 through an insertion hole 301 formed in the outer surface of the pseudo humeral head 224 that is the joint head 5. It is bonded and fixed to the outer surface of the humeral head 224.

The insertion holes 300 and 301 in this specific example may have an appropriate size and shape. Preferably, as described later, a predetermined dislocation state is intentionally formed and the state. In order to maintain a stationary state, it has a long groove shape having a predetermined length and arranged in a predetermined direction.
For example, the surface facing the first auxiliary support means 240 side of the insertion hole 300 provided in the pseudo hipbone 221 has an elongated and short groove-like shape. The groove shape formed on the surface in contact with the joint head 5 has a shape of a notch groove extending from a substantially central portion of the pseudo acetabular fossa 222 to an end edge thereof, and the connection from there It is also a preferable specific example that the member 21 has a structure that can be slipped through in the dislocation state.
That is, it is desirable that the slit-like groove portion is longer in the insertion hole 300 so as to regulate the moving direction of the connecting member 21 for defining the displacement direction of the joint head 5.
With respect to the shape and arrangement position of the slit-shaped groove, a part of a specific example thereof is shown in FIG. 24, and at the same time, it is shown in FIG. 44 and FIG. .
In the specific example of the present invention, it is desirable to use not only one but also two or more plural elastic elastic members 24.
In the specific example of the present invention, by adopting such a configuration, the joint fossa 6 and the joint head 5 are subjected to an appropriate contact pressure by the extension recovery force of the elastic elastic member 24. Are fitted together to form a normal pseudo hip joint 220.
Further, the shape and size of the pseudo-glenoid 6 and the pseudo-joint head 5 used in this specific example, the material thereof, the fixing method, and the extension of the stretchable elastic member 24 and the connecting member 21. The degree, extension force, strength, and the like can be arbitrarily set as in the case of the specific example described above.

On the other hand, in a specific example of the present invention, the formation of a dislocation state to be described later, the function of temporarily holding the dislocation body, and a specific possibility that the pseudo hip joint portion 220 is highly likely to occur. It is also desirable to have a mechanism that can intentionally generate several dislocation states.
Furthermore, in the specific example according to the present invention, in the pseudo hip joint part 220, a special situation is set such that the situation when the influence of the ligament is added and the case where the influence of the ligament is not added can be selectively set. It is one of the more preferable specific examples that the above configuration is adopted.
In the pseudo hip joint 220 according to the present invention, as an example of a dislocation structure that often occurs, as shown in FIG. 25, the joint head 5 has a recess 222 in the glenoid 6. It is in a state where it has fallen from the side wall part of the pseudo hipbone 221.

  If the specific example of this invention which concerns is described in detail, as shown in FIG. 22 (A) thru | or FIG. Another stretchable elastic member 24 ′ having different elongation, elongation recovery rate, etc. is arranged, and one end 242 ′ of the other stretchable elastic member 24 ′ is connected via appropriate fixing means 270 ′. One end of another connecting member 21 ′ attached to a part of the inner wall in the first auxiliary support means 240 and having an appropriate strength or elongation at the other end 243 ′ of the elastic elastic member 24 ′. The other end 244 ′ of the other connecting member 21 ′ is passed through a hole or slit 245 formed in the surface portion of the first auxiliary support means 240, and the pseudo-acetabulum 221 through the appropriate insertion hole 302 provided in the bottom surface W of the 221. After exiting from an exit hole 303 formed in the vicinity of the outer surface of the pseudo-hipbone 221 that is the fossa 6 and being arranged along the surface curved surface of the pseudo-humeral head 224, the pseudo-bone 221 It is inserted into the pseudo femur 223 through an appropriate insertion hole 304 formed on the humeral head 224, and is fixed there by appropriate joining means 246 ′.

In such a specific example, a pair of grooves 315 and 316 having appropriate depths and lengths are formed in a portion of the pseudo femur 223 shown in FIG. 23 (A) close to the pseudo humeral head 224. When the other connecting member 21 ′ is formed and locked to the grooves 315 and 316 as shown by the dotted line in FIG. 23B or the solid line in FIG. Indicates that the ligament is functioning effectively, while the other connecting member 21 ′ is not locked to the grooves 315 and 316 as indicated by the solid line in FIG. In the placed state, the ligament can be cut or not functioning effectively (see FIG. 45).
In the above-described specific example of the present invention, the pseudo femoral portion 223 of the pseudo hip joint 220 pivots in multiple directions around the pseudo humeral head 224 that is the joint head 5 relatively freely. , Can be rotated.
At this time, when the pseudo femoral portion 223 pivots about the pseudo humeral head 224, a portion near the pseudo humeral head 224 of the pseudo femoral portion 223 and the pseudo humeral head 224 are connected. The other connecting member 21 ′ is wound around the outer surface of FIG.
Specific examples of each configuration described above in the model of the pseudo hip joint structure 240 actually created by the present inventor are shown in FIGS.

In this specific example, FIG. 25 shows a typical configuration example of dislocation that frequently occurs as described above.
In this specific example, in order to cause the pseudo humeral head 224 to detach from the pseudo acetabular fossa 222 and generate a dislocation state, the pseudo humeral head 224 is pivoted while the pseudo femur 223 is swung. Dislocation occurs easily while applying a predetermined pressing force in a predetermined direction, for example, in the direction of the arrow S.
At this time, as described above, the other connecting member 21 ′ is disposed in a state of being engaged with the groove portions 315 and 316 as indicated by a dotted line in FIG. 23B or a solid line in FIG. In this case, since the ligament is in a state of functioning effectively, a stronger force is required for the pressing force to be applied.

Further, in this specific example, it is possible to restrict the direction of occurrence of the dislocation so as to occur in a predetermined direction. For this purpose, FIGS. C) and the like, the groove portions 301 and 301 ′ having the specific shape and the specific length are arranged on the inner surface portion of the pseudo-acetabular fossa 222 and in the direction in which the dislocation is desired to occur. At the same time as forming, groove portions 301 and 301 ′ having a specific shape and a specific length are opposed to the groove portion 300 on the outer surface of the pseudo humeral head 224 in contact with the pseudo acetabulum 222. It is desirable to arrange and form the
In the model of the pseudo hip joint structure 240 actually created by the present inventor, how the shapes of the groove portions 301 and 301 ′ and the groove portions 300 and 300 ′ and the interrelationships between them are realized. It is shown in FIG. 45 of the reference figure expressing the dislocation.
By adopting such a configuration, as shown in FIGS. 25 (A) to 25 (B), the connecting member 21 passes through both the groove portions 300 and 301 while extending the elastic elastic member 24. Then, along the direction of the arrow S, dislocation can be easily generated in a predetermined direction while extending.
At this time, when the dislocation occurs, the other connecting member 21 ′ moves forward while extending the stretchable elastic member 24 ′ and winds around a part of the pseudo femoral portion 223.
Therefore, in the present invention, when it is desired to generate a state in which the pseudo humeral head 224 is dislocated in the direction opposite to the dislocation direction shown in the drawing, the groove 300 and the groove 301 are shown in the direction shown in the drawing. May be formed on the outer surface of the pseudo humeral head 224 and the inner surface of the pseudo acetabular cavity 222 in the opposite direction.

In the pseudo hip joint 210 of the present invention, as an example, when the dislocation state as shown in FIG. 25 described above occurs, when the dislocation reduction process is performed on the pseudo hip joint 210, the dislocation reduction processor While moving the pseudo femur 223 back to the original position, the pseudo humeral head 224 is once pulled upward while applying a predetermined tension, and then the pseudo humeral head 224 is moved to the pseudo relaxed position. After the movement toward the inside of the acetabulum 222, the dislocation is reduced by releasing the applied predetermined pulling tension.
That is, the pseudo-joint structure 210 according to the present invention can be used to reduce a specific dislocation at the specific joint to a dislocation reduction processor or trainer who has not experienced the dislocation reduction process. Repeated training and training on how much force is applied in the direction, how much the dislocated bone is pulled, and how the bone of the dislocated joint is returned to its original state. This has the effect that the inexperienced dislocation reduction processor and trainer can learn the technique in a short period of time.

6). Pseudo knee joint structure corresponding to the knee joint:
Next, a specific example of the configuration of the pseudo knee joint structure 280 corresponding to the knee joint in the present invention will be described below.
That is, as shown in FIGS. 26A and 26B, a general human knee joint 260 includes a medial condyle 263 and a lateral condyle 262 of the femur 261 and a medial condyle 265 and a lateral condyle 266 of the tibia 264. And the patella 267. Further, the knee joint portion having such a configuration includes an outer collateral ligament (LCL) 270, an inner collateral ligament (MCL) 269, an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) 271, and a posterior cruciate ligament (PCL). ) 272 and the joint meniscus 268 and the like.
In the knee joint 260, the protrusions formed at the lowermost ends of the medial condyle 263 and the lateral condyle 262 of the femur 261 constitute the joint heads 5 and 5 ′, respectively, and the medial condyle 265 of the tibia 264. The portions 6 and 6 ′ corresponding to the joint heads 5 and 5 ′ at the upper edge of the lateral condyle 266 do not form a clear recess but correspond to the glenoid 6.

  As an example of the configuration of the pseudo knee joint structure 280 according to the present invention corresponding to such an actual knee joint 260, as shown in FIGS. 27A and 27B, the femur of the knee joint 260 A pseudo femur 281 corresponding to 261, and a pseudo medial condyle 283 and a lateral condyle 284 corresponding to the medial condyle 263 and the lateral condyle 262 are formed at the lower end 282 of the pseudo femur 281, and the protrusions of the respective parts Pseudo femur 281 configured to function as a joint head 5, 5 ′, and a pseudo tibia 285 corresponding to the tibia 264. A pseudo medial condyle 287 and a lateral condyle 288 corresponding to the above are formed, and a pseudo tibia 285 configured so that the substantially flat part of each part functions as the glenoid fossa 6, 6 ′ is connected and fixed in series. 'And glenoid 6,6' joint head 5,5 and is constructed such that contact pressure stress moderate predetermined mutual is applied the pseudo knee-joint structure 280 is constructed.

  In connection with the pseudo femur 281 and the pseudo tibia 285 in this specific example, an appropriate auxiliary support portion provided in the pseudo femur 281 or connected to the pseudo femur 281 is provided. An elastic elastic member 24 (referred to as a first elastic elastic member) made of a spring having appropriate elongation and elongation characteristics disposed in the 293 and an appropriate elastic member connected to the elastic elastic member 24 A connecting member 21 having strength or elongation, the other end of which is connected and fixed to a part of the pseudo-tibia 285 via an appropriate joining and fixing means, It is configured to be pulled so that appropriate contact pressure stress is applied to each other at each connecting portion.

In this specific example, for example, one end portion of the appropriate spring 24 that is the first elastic elastic member disposed in the auxiliary support portion 293 is connected to the appropriate one of the first auxiliary support portion 293. At the same time, the connecting member 21 made of an appropriate material having an appropriate strength or low elongation is connected to the other end of the spring 24 at the same time as being fixedly arranged using an appropriate fixing means 27. After inserting the connecting member 21 through the internal space portion of the pseudo femur 281, holes having appropriate shapes provided in the vicinity portions 283 and 284 of the lower end portion 282 of the pseudo femur 281, or After derivation from the slit or the like 294 to the outer surface of the pseudo femur 281, the outer surface of the pseudo knee joint structure 280 is transferred as it is, an appropriate amount at the upper end portion 286 of the pseudo tibia 285 is obtained. Position the coupling member 21 from the insertion hole or the insertion slot 295 provided in is introduced into the interior of the pseudo tibia 285, is fixedly held via suitable fixing means 28 at the site.
Similarly, in this specific example, another spring 24 ′ (referred to as a second elastic elastic member) having substantially the same characteristics as that of the spring 24 is disposed at substantially the same site as the first elastic elastic member 24. Arranged substantially in parallel, the second connecting member 21 ′ is connected in the same manner as the first elastic elastic member 24, and the connecting member 21 ′ is connected to the internal space portion of the pseudo femur 281 described above. After insertion, the pseudo knee joint is led out to the outer surface of the pseudo femur 281 through a hole or slit 294 ′ having an appropriate shape provided in the vicinity of the lower end 282 of the pseudo femur 281, and the pseudo knee joint as it is. After the outer surface of the structure 280 is moved, the connecting member 21 ′ is inserted into the inside of the pseudo tibia 285 from an insertion hole or an insertion slit 295 ′ provided at an appropriate portion of the upper end 286 of the pseudo tibia 285. To introduce Fixed holding through suitable fixing means 28 'at the site.

In the specific example of the present invention, the first elastic elastic member 24 and the second elastic elastic member 24 ′ temporarily run on the outer surface of the pseudo knee joint structure 280. The lengths to be performed may be the same as each other, but may be configured to be different from each other.
That is, in this specific example, the first stretchable resilient member 24, the second stretchable resilient member 24 ', and the first and second connecting members 21, 21' Unlike the other specific examples, it is configured to exhibit the function of the ligament or tendon in the joint structure.
With such a configuration, it is possible to adjust the degree of displacement in the dislocation direction of the pseudo femur 281 in the pseudo knee joint structure 280 from the left and right.
The individual pseudo femur 281 and the pseudo tibia 285 in this specific example, including the first auxiliary support portion 293, are made of an appropriate material as described above and have a substantially hollow cylindrical shape or semicircular shape. Each shape, size, etc. can be determined appropriately.

  Furthermore, in the other specific example according to the present invention, the first and second connecting members 21, 21 ′ are parallel to the first and second elastic resilient members 24, 24 ′. Auxiliary linear bodies 296, 296 ′ having the same or different elongation and strength are arranged, and one end portions 51, 51 ′ of the auxiliary linear bodies 296, 296 ′ are connected to the stretchable elastic member 24, At appropriate portions of the first auxiliary support 296 provided at the upper end of the pseudo femur 281 to which one end 30 of 24 ′ is fixed, via appropriate fixing means 55 and 55 ′. And joining the other end portions 52, 52 ′ of the auxiliary linear bodies 296, 296 ′ to the joint portions of the elastic elastic members 24, 24 ′ and the connecting members 21, 21 ′. The configuration is adopted.

In such a specific example, the auxiliary linear bodies 296, 296 ′ include the first and second stretchable elastic members 24, 24 ′ and the first and second connecting members 21, 21. It may have a function of changing the function of a specific ligament or tendon indicated by a configuration connected to ', and may act so as to appropriately adjust the binding force of the ligament or tendon, Alternatively, depending on whether or not the auxiliary linear bodies 296, 296 ′ are joined to a linear body constituted by the contractible elastic member 24 and the connecting member 21, the contractible elastic member 24 and It is also possible to distinguish between a state in which a part of the ligament or tendon indicated by the striatum constituted by the connecting member 21 is cut or damaged and a case in a normal state.
Therefore, the one end portions 51 and 51 ′ of the auxiliary linear bodies 296 and 296 ′ joined to the upper end of the pseudo femur 281 of the auxiliary linear bodies 296 and 296 ′ A preferred example is that the auxiliary support means 296 is detachably joined.
A specific configuration for detachably joining the auxiliary linear bodies 296, 296 ′ to the upper end portion of the pseudo femur 281 is not particularly limited. For example, as shown in FIG. Such a configuration may be adopted.
By adopting such a configuration, by disengaging the one end portion 51 of the auxiliary linear bodies 296, 296 ′ according to the present invention from the pseudo femur 281, the pseudo knee joint structure 280 is dislocated. However, the ligament or the tendon is configured to be revealed.

That is, in this specific example, in the pseudo knee joint structure 280, the auxiliary linear bodies 296, 296 ′ are detachably joined and fixed to the pseudo femur 281. It is possible to create a situation in which the function of the ligament or tendon at the pseudo knee joint portion 280 is functioning normally and the function is lost when the ligament or tendon is cut or destroyed. For those who experience and learn the reduction processing operation, it is possible to experience and practice the reduction processing operation for dealing with both of the dislocation states described above.
The material, characteristics, shape, dimensions, and the like of the respective constituent members in this specific example can be the same as those used in the above specific examples.
That is, in the pseudo knee joint structure 280 of this specific example, as shown in FIG. 28, depending on whether a specific ligament or tendon in the joint structure 280 is cut or damaged. Moreover, the dislocation state is formed by changing the contact pressure state between the joint head 5 and the glenoid 6 and changing various positions of the joint head 5 facing the glenoid 6.
28A to 28D are schematic views showing the dislocation state of the joint portion observed from the front of the pseudo knee joint structure 280, and FIG. 28E and FIG. FIG. 28F is a schematic diagram illustrating a dislocation state of the joint portion observed from the side surface of the pseudo knee joint structure 280.
Further, in the above-described specific example of the present invention, at least one of the effects of the presence of the anterior cruciate ligament 271 and the posterior cruciate ligament 272, which are characteristic structures of the knee joint 260, on joint strength. In order to realize the portion, at least two reinforcing linear bodies 1300, 1300 ′ having a predetermined strength or elongation rate are made to correspond to the front cruciate ligament 271 and the posterior cruciate ligament 272, and the pseudo knee joint structure 280 is additionally disposed inside.

Specifically, when the two reinforcing linear bodies 1300, 1300 ′ are arranged inside the pseudo knee joint structure 280 in parallel with each other, each of the reinforcing linear bodies 1300, 1300 ′ is arranged. One end portion 1301, 1301 ′ is the upper end portion of the pseudo femur 281 and is detachable joining means in the vicinity of the portion where the first and second stretchable elastic members 24, 24 ′ are fixedly arranged. 1303 and 1303 ′ are attached, and the other ends 1302 and 1302 ′ of the respective strong striatums 1300 and 1300 ′ are passed through the pseudo femur 281 so that the lower end of the pseudo femur 281 is reached. The two reinforcing wire bodies 1300 and 1300 ′ are crossed with each other in an appropriate shape, and then the pseudo tibia 285 is formed. Of the upper end 286 Appropriate openings 306, 306 provided on the surface is intended to fixedly joined to the 'from is introduced into the pseudo tibia 285, the pseudo tibia 285 suitable bonding fixing means provided inside 1304,1304'.
That is, the two reinforcing striated bodies 1300 and 1300 ′ exhibit functions as the anterior cruciate ligament 271 and the posterior cruciate ligament 272, respectively.

By adopting such a configuration, by disengaging the one end portions 1301 and 1301 ′ of the reinforcing linear bodies 1300 and 1300 ′ according to the present invention from the pseudo femur 281, dislocation of the pseudo knee joint structure 280 is performed. In the state, it is configured so as to reveal the state in which is cut.
In the pseudo knee joint structure 280 of this specific example described above, the shape of the dislocation state in the joint structure 280 is a condition that the presence or absence of the anterior cruciate ligament 271 and the posterior cruciate ligament 272 is present. In addition, the condition whether the anterior cruciate ligament 271 and the posterior cruciate ligament 272 function effectively is taken into consideration, so that the joint head 5 and the glenoid 6 are connected as shown in FIG. As the pressure state changes and diversifies even more complexly, and the position of the joint head 5 facing the glenoid 6 changes more complicatedly, a large number of dislocation states are formed.
That is, in this specific example, in the pseudo knee joint structure 280, the reinforcing linear bodies 1300 and 1300 ′ are detachably joined and fixed to the pseudo femur 281. When the functions of the anterior cruciate ligament 271 and the posterior cruciate ligament 272 in the pseudo knee joint 280 are functioning normally, and the anterior cruciate ligament 271 and the posterior cruciate ligament 272 are cut or destroyed It is possible to create a situation where the function is lost, and for those who experience and learn the reduction processing operation, it is possible to experience and practice the reduction processing operation to cope with both dislocation states described above Become.
In FIG. 27B, reference numeral 1305 denotes a space formed in the pseudo tibia 285, which is used as a work area for setting and adjusting each member inside the pseudo tibia 285. The

  In this specific example, the one end portions 1301 and 1301 ′ of the reinforcing linear bodies 1300 and 1300 ′ are detachably joined and fixed to the pseudo femur 281 at the upper end portion of the pseudo femur 281. The method is not particularly limited, and known coupling means 1303 and 1303 ′ can be adopted. As an example, a plan view of the pseudo femur 281 in FIG. As shown, the openings 360, 360 ′ through which the main body portions of the reinforcing filaments 1300, 1300 ′ mainly pass are provided, and the reinforcing filaments 1300, 1300 ′ are provided at one end of the reinforcing filaments 1300, 1300 ′. Enlarged portions 1301 and 1301 ′ having a diameter larger than the diameter of the main body portion of the bodies 1300 and 1300 ′ are provided, and the diameters of the openings 360 and 360 ′ are set to, for example, the reinforcing filaments 1300, It is set so as to have a diameter larger than the diameter of the enormous portions 1301 and 1301 ′ formed at one end of 300 ′, and from the part of the peripheral portion of the openings 360 and 360 ′, L-shaped slit portions 361 and 361 ′ having a width larger than the diameter of the main body portion of the body 1300 and 1300 ′ and smaller than the enlarged portions 1301 and 1301 ′ are connected to the slit portions 361 and 361 ′. By providing the side enormous portions 1301 and 1301 ′ and locking the enormous portions 301 and 301 ′ formed at one end of the reinforcing filaments 1300 and 1300 ′ to the slit portions 361 and 361 ′, The reinforcing striated bodies 1300 and 1300 ′ are fixedly connected to the upper end of the pseudo femur 281 and formed at one end of the reinforced striated bodies 300 and 300 ′. 'The opening 360, 360' bulging most 1301,1301 comprising the reinforcing striatum 1300,1300 'by disengaging from the can be separated from the upper end portion of the pseudo femur 281.

In this specific example, the reinforcing striated bodies 1300 and 1300 ′ may be attached to and detached from the pseudo femur 281 at the same time, or only one of them may be the auxiliary linear bodies 296, 296 ′, the pseudo You may make it attach or detach with respect to the femur 281.
Similarly, in this specific example, the same operation as described above can be performed on the auxiliary linear bodies 296 and 296 ′.
However, in this specific example, it is possible to set various environments for occurrence of dislocation by individually combining the operations described above.
In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 28, a model state relating to the shape of the joint dislocation is shown, but there are various forms of the dislocation in the pseudo knee joint structure according to the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to that shown in FIG.
Photographs taken of specific examples of the above-described configurations in the model of the pseudo knee joint structure 280 actually created by the present inventor are shown in FIGS. 46 to 47 of the reference diagrams.

In the pseudo knee joint 280 in the present invention, when the dislocation state as described above occurs, when the dislocation reduction process is performed on the pseudo knee joint 280, the dislocation reduction processing person The dislocation is reduced by pulling up the femur 281 in the longitudinal direction while applying a predetermined tension and releasing the applied tension while returning the deformed portion of the joint head to the original direction. .
At that time, the dislocation reduction processor can acquire the feel of the actual pulling force, the changing direction, the pressing force for returning, etc. while operating the pseudo knee joint 280, and the actual reduction processing is performed. I can learn.
In other words, the pseudo knee joint structure 280 in the present invention is used to reduce a specific dislocation at the specific joint portion to a dislocation reduction processor or trainer who has not experienced the dislocation reduction processing. In what direction, what force is applied, how much the dislocated bone part is pulled, how to return the dislocated joint bone part to its original state, repeated training and training This has the effect that the inexperienced dislocation reduction processor and trainer can learn the technique in a short period of time.

Next, as another specific example of the pseudo knee joint structure 280 in the present invention described above, a pseudo patella 402 corresponding to the patella 267 is added to the pseudo knee joint structure 280, and the pseudo patella 402 is dislocated. The configuration of the artificial knee joint structure 400 with a patella that can experience the reduction processing operation in this case will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
As described above, in the knee joint, as one configuration for protecting the knee joint, the patella 267 is provided at the front portion of the knee joint.
The actual patella 267 is fixedly held in the vertical direction by the quadriceps and patella, and lateral movement is restricted by the medial patellofemoral ligament and the lateral patellofemoral ligament. It is held fixed.

On the other hand, the patella 267 is, for example, when a certain external force is applied to the patella 267 from the outside, a part of each of the ligaments described above is broken or expanded, so that the patella 267 is in a normal position. Dislocation occurs from the position.
In the dislocation state, the generation direction, the generation size, and the like vary greatly depending on the environment when the dislocation occurs.
Therefore, in another specific example of the present invention, in order to maintain the state when the pseudo patella 402 corresponding to the patella 267 is dislocated, and to reduce the dislocation of the pseudo patella 402, the pseudo patella 402 is used. A pseudo knee joint structure that can be practiced and experienced from the position of the dislocated state to return to the original normal joint site and how to apply tension during the operation. It is to provide.

  FIGS. 29A and 29B are diagrams showing a configuration of a specific example of the pseudo knee joint structure 400 described above, and correspond to the femur 261 of the knee joint 260 described above. The pseudo femur 281 is formed with a pseudo medial condyle 283 and a lateral condyle 284 corresponding to the medial condyle 263 and the lateral condyle 262 at the lower end 282 of the pseudo femur 281, and the projections of the respective parts are connected to the joint head. A pseudo femur 281 configured to function as 5, 5 ′, and a pseudo tibia 285 corresponding to the tibia 264 described above, on the upper end 286 of the pseudo tibia 285, on the medial condyle 265 and the lateral condyle 266. A corresponding pseudo medial condyle 287 and lateral condyle 288 are formed, and a pseudo tibia 285 configured so that the substantially flat part of each part functions as the joint fossa 6 and 6 'is connected and fixed in series. Head 5 5 'and glenoid fossa 6 and 6' are configured such that a predetermined appropriate contact pressure stress is applied to each other to form the pseudo knee joint body 400, and in the pseudo knee joint body 400 By placing the patella 402 in a stationary state at an appropriate site on the outer surface of the knee joint portion 401 and applying a predetermined pressing force to the patella 402, the patella 402 can be moved in an arbitrary direction, and The pseudo knee joint main body 400 is shown in a state where it can be displaced and moved at an arbitrary distance.

The configuration of the pseudo knee joint main body 400 in this specific example may have, for example, a structure as shown in FIG. 27 or a structure as shown in FIG. Also good.
That is, the configuration of the pseudo knee joint main body 400 shown in FIG. 30 is attached to the pseudo knee joint main body 400 shown in FIG. 29 on the surface opposite to the surface on which the patella 402 is provided (that is, the back surface). ) And a lower end portion 282 of the pseudo femur 281, a portion forming the joint heads 5 and 5 ′, and an upper end portion 286 of the pseudo tibia 285, the joint In addition to the continuous member 21 and the reinforcing linear body 1300 described above, in order to set the portions forming the cavities 6 and 6 ′ to be joined and engaged with each other by an appropriate contact pressure, a further connection line is provided. The shapes 813 and 814 are additionally set.
That is, one end portions 801 and 802 are fixed to the lower end portion 282 of the pseudo femur 281 near the upper portion of the portion forming the joint heads 5 and 5 ′, The end portions 811 and 812 are the upper end portion 286 of the pseudo tibia 285 and are fixed in the vicinity of the lower side of the portion forming the joint fossa 6 and 6 ′. First connecting linear bodies 813 and 814 are provided in parallel to the longitudinal direction of the femur 281.
On the other hand, in this specific example, the lower end portion 282 of the similar femur 281 and the upper end portion of the pseudo tibia 285 are further individually arranged along the external surfaces on the left and right side surfaces of the knee joint portion 401. It is also possible to provide second connection linear bodies 803 and 804 that connect appropriate portions to 286, and the second connection linear bodies 803 and 804 are connected to the continuous line in FIG. Needless to say, it may be a part of the member 21.
Furthermore, in this specific example, one end portions 805 and 806 are fixed to the lower end portion 282 of the pseudo femur 281 and the surface forming the joint heads 5 and 5 '. The other end portions 807 and 808 are the upper end portions 286 of the pseudo-tibia 285, and the third connecting linear bodies 809 are fixed to the surface forming the glenoids 6 and 6 ′. 810, the third connecting linear bodies 809 and 810 are mutually connected between the surface on which the joint heads 5 and 5 ′ are formed and the surface on which the joint fossa 6 and 6 ′ are formed. The joint heads 5 and 5 'and the glenoids 6 and 6' are applied with a predetermined moderate contact pressure stress by the third connecting linear bodies 809 and 810 intersecting in an X shape. It may be configured like this.
It goes without saying that the third connecting linear bodies 809 and 810 may constitute a part of the reinforcing linear bodies 1300 and 1300 ′ in FIG.
The photograph which image | photographed the structure of this example is shown by FIG. 48 which is a reference figure.

Next, a specific example of the configuration in which the patella 402 is locked to the pseudo knee joint main body 400 in this specific example will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
That is, the patella 402 in this specific example is an appropriate joint fixing means (first auxiliary support portion) provided at the upper end portion 460 of the pseudo femur 281 in the pseudo knee joint main body 400. One end 403 ′ of the elastic elastic member 407 includes an appropriate spring means having a predetermined elongation or a predetermined extension recovery rate at which one end 403 is bonded and fixed to 406. One of which is connected and fixed to an appropriate portion (second auxiliary support portion) near the upper end 286 of the pseudo tibia 285 in the pseudo knee joint main body 400. Or it attaches to the predetermined | prescribed site | part of the 4th connection linear body 405,405 'arrange | positioned in a mutually parallel state.
In this specific example, if the knee joint is in a normal state, the patella 402 is located at a substantially central portion in front of the knee joint 401. In this case, the position is appropriately deviated from the normal arrangement site.

More specifically, the fourth connecting linear body 405 is directed from the portion connected and fixed to the other end 403 ′ of the stretchable elastic member 407 toward the pseudo tibia 285. The two linear members 405 and 405 ′ are parallel to each other, and each of the two linear members 405 and 405 ′ is made of an appropriate material having an appropriate thickness and width. An adjustment plate 420 made of a flat plate is provided, and the two linear bodies 405 and 405 ′ pass through the adjustment plate 420 while maintaining the parallel state, and are directed to the patella 402. Has been.
The adjustment plate 420 in this specific example has a function of adjusting and regulating the mutual distance between the two connecting linear bodies 405 and 405 ′ to a certain distance, and thereby, described later. Thus, the pseudo patella 402 can be arbitrarily slid in the longitudinal direction of the pseudo knee joint main body 400 along the fourth connecting linear bodies 405 and 405 ′. It is what has been.

Thereafter, the two connecting linear bodies 405 and 405 ′ pass through the pseudo patella 402 in an unfixed state while maintaining the mutual parallel state, and finally, the two connecting wires The other end portions 411 and 412 of the linear bodies 405 and 405 ′ are fixed to appropriate portions of the upper end portion of the pseudo knee joint main body 400 in the pseudo tibia 285.
With this configuration, the patella 402 can arbitrarily slide along the two connecting linear bodies 405 and 405 ′ to change the arrangement position thereof.

Furthermore, in this specific example, as shown in FIG. 31, the patella 402 is displaced in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the pseudo knee joint main body 400 or at the displaced position. A function of fixing or releasing from the fixed position is included.
That is, as shown in FIG. 31, an appropriate connection fixing means 500 is provided on at least one of the fourth connecting wire bodies 405 in a region close to the patella 402, and the connection fixing means 500 is provided with an appropriate One end 502 of the fifth connection linear body 501 having an appropriate length having thickness, strength, elongation rate, stretchability, and the like is connected, and the other end of the fifth connection linear body 501 is connected. An appropriate bulging portion 504 is provided in the portion 503, and the other end portion 503 of the fifth connecting linear body 501 is provided in the vicinity of the lower end portion 282 of the pseudo femur 281 of the pseudo knee joint body portion 400. It is configured so that it can be detachably engaged with an appropriate locking member 505.
The configuration of the appropriate locking member 505 is not particularly limited. For example, means such as a kerf, a hole, and a slit can be used.

In this specific example, the other end portion 503 of the fifth connection linear body 501 is locked to the locking member 505, so that the fifth connection linear body 501 has a preset length. Accordingly, the arrangement position of the pseudo patella 402 can be displaced in the left direction from the position in the normal state.
In addition, the other end portion 503 of the fifth connecting linear body 501 is released from the locking state with the locking member 505, thereby returning the placement position of the pseudo patella 402 to the normal position. Is possible.
With this configuration, the placement position of the pseudo-skeletal bone 402 can be displaced vertically and horizontally from the normal placement position according to the dislocation situation.
The size, shape, characteristics, material, etc. of each member in the specific example of the present invention described above are the same as those in the other specific examples described above.

As is clear from the detailed configuration of the pseudo joint structure in the present invention described above, the pseudo joint structure in the individual portion according to the present invention has the following basic configuration. is there.
That is, in the finger pseudo-joint portion, it corresponds to each of a specific number (a plurality) of finger pseudo-bone member groups that constitute each finger corresponding to each individual in the actual human body. The finger pseudo-bone members are arranged in a substantially series shape along the center line, and each of the finger pseudo-bone members arranged adjacent to each other is on the back side of the hand. One end portion of the connection member that engages with the stretchable elastic member disposed in the vicinity of the first finger pseudo-bone member positioned at the position N, and the Nth portion disposed at the tip portion of each finger portion Between the other end of the connecting member that is bonded and fixed in the vicinity of the tip of the second finger pseudo-bone member, and further adjacent to each other. Formed at each joint end of each finger pseudobone member placed At least a part of the joint head or the glenoid is provided with at least one through-hole part or through-groove part configured to penetrate at least a part of the connection part. Is.

On the other hand, when the pseudo joint structure according to the present invention is an elbow pseudo joint structure, the pseudo joint structure has the following basic configuration.
That is, the elbow pseudo joint structure is disposed adjacent to at least one pseudo humeral head at the end facing the joint engaging portion where the joint head and the glenoid joint engage. One pseudo humerus part formed with one bulged pseudo humerus pulley, and one pseudo humerus pulley arranged adjacent to the joint engaging part opposite to the pseudo humerus part A pseudo rib having a pseudo-articular annular surface portion at one end thereof, and a pseudo ulna having a pseudo pulley notch engaging at the other end of the pseudo humerus pulley, and Both are bonded and fixed to each other under a desired contact stress, and each of the two swollen pseudo humeral pulleys, the pseudo pulley notch, and the substantially central portion of the pseudo joint annular surface portion or its There is a communication hole in the vicinity where the internal space communicates with the outside air In addition, a through-groove portion that is joined to the communication hole portion or is formed in a predetermined direction in a predetermined direction in the vicinity of the communication hole portion and a through groove portion that communicates the outside air is disposed and formed. In addition, one end of a stretchable elastic member made of a spring having an appropriate elongation and extension property is engaged with an appropriate fixing member provided at the other end of the pseudo humerus. The other end of the elastic elastic member is fixed to an appropriate fixing member provided in common to the other end of the pseudo rib and the pseudo ulna. Are connected to the other ends of the two linear connecting members, and one linear connecting member of the two linear connecting members is connected to the pseudo pulley from the inside of the pseudo ulna. Via the communication hole and / or the through groove of the notch and Is connected to one end of the stretchable elastic member via the communicating hole and / or the through groove in the pseudo humeral pulley of the other side, while the other linear connecting member is From the inside of the pseudo rib via the communication hole and / or the through groove of the pseudo joint annular surface part and via the communication hole and / or the through groove of the other pseudo humeral pulley It has the structure that it is connected with one edge part of a stretchable elastic member.
In the above configuration, when the two linear connecting members are formed of a continuous body, a joint between one end of the stretchable elastic member and the linear connecting member is used. It is also a preferable example that a pulley means is used.

Further, when the pseudo joint structure according to the present invention is a shoulder pseudo joint structure, the pseudo joint structure has the following basic configuration.
That is, the shoulder pseudo-joint structure is a pseudo-scapula having a glenoid having a concave indentation portion fixed on the outer surface of a part of auxiliary support means having an appropriate hollow inner shape on the outer surface. And a pseudo humerus part formed at one end of a joint head that engages and fits with the glenoid, and the two are bonded and fixed to each other under a desired contact pressure stress. In addition, the auxiliary support means has at least one, preferably two, predetermined ones fixedly held at one end thereof via appropriate fixing means provided on a part of the inner wall. A stretchable elastic member having a degree of elongation and elongation recovery rate is disposed, and a single piece having an appropriate strength or elongation is provided at the other end of each stretchable elastic member. Alternatively, each end of each of the two connecting members is connected. The other end of each connecting member is provided on the surface of the auxiliary support means on the side where the pseudoscapula is attached, and is formed on both sides of the pseudoscapula. After passing through one or two holes and passing through the outer surface side of the glenoid fossa, it is joined and fixed to appropriate individual fixing means provided on the surface of the joint head. In addition, it is introduced into the joint head through an appropriate corresponding through hole provided on the surface of the joint head, and an appropriate individually corresponding fixing means provided in the joint head. It is comprised so that it may join and fix to.
In the above specific example, it is also a preferable specific example that the two connecting members joined to the respective elastic elastic members are composed of one continuous linear body. Furthermore, the series of connecting members joined to each of the elastic elastic members is also another preferred example that is preferably composed of a single continuous linear body. It is also a desirable example that a pulley means is provided at the joint between each elastic resilient member and the connecting member.

Further, when the pseudo joint structure according to the present invention is a hip pseudo joint structure, it has the following basic configuration.
That is, the hip artificial joint structure includes a pseudo hipbone having a pseudo acetabular fossa fixedly attached to an outer surface of a part of auxiliary support means having an appropriate hollow internal shape, and one end thereof And a pseudo femoral head portion on which a pseudo humeral head is formed, and both of them are joined and fixed to each other under a desired contact pressure stress, and inside the auxiliary support means Has at least one, preferably two, elastic bullets having a predetermined elongation and elongation recovery rate, which are fixedly gripped at one end thereof, through appropriate fixing means provided on a part of the inner wall. Further, each of the stretchable elastic members is arranged at the other end thereof with one or two linear connecting members having appropriate strength or elongation. One end is connected to each of the connecting members. The other end portion of each of the two is connected to each linear connection after passing through a hole portion or slit portion (cut groove) provided on the surface of the auxiliary support means on the side where the pseudo hipbone is attached. Each of the members passes through an insertion hole formed in the outer surface of the pseudo humeral head through an insertion hole provided in the bottom surface corresponding to the pseudo acetabular fossa formed in the pseudo acetabulum. Then, it is introduced into the inside of the pseudo humeral head, where it is configured to be joined and fixed to the external surface of the pseudo humeral head by an appropriate fixing means.
In the above specific example, a plurality of grooves having appropriate depths and lengths and arranged in different directions in a portion of the pseudo femur near the pseudo humeral head 224. It is also a desirable specific example, and further, the hip pseudo-joint structure is parallel to the stretchable elastic member, and the stretchability, elongation recovery rate, etc. of the stretchable elastic member are Another different elastic elastic member is arranged, one end of the other elastic elastic member is attached to a part of the inner wall in the auxiliary support means through an appropriate fixing means, and One end of another linear connecting member having an appropriate strength or elongation is connected to the other end of the elastic elastic member, and the other end of the other linear connecting member is connected to the auxiliary support. Through the hole or slit formed in the surface portion of the means and the bottom surface of the pseudo-acetabulum After passing through an appropriate insertion hole provided in the outer surface of the joint head 5 and exiting from the exit hole provided in the vicinity of the outer surface of the joint head 5 and being arranged along the curved surface of the pseudo humeral head, It is also a preferred specific example that the pseudo femur is inserted into the pseudo femur from an appropriate insertion hole formed on the pseudo humeral head, and is fixed by an appropriate joining means.
Further, in this specific example, the one linear connecting member or one other linear connecting member is connected to a plurality of the elastic elastic members or the plural other elastic elastic members. It is also a preferable specific example that these are connected.

Furthermore, when the pseudo joint structure according to the present invention is a knee pseudo joint structure, it has the following basic configuration.
That is, the knee pseudo-joint structure has a pseudo femur in which a pseudo medial condyle and a pseudo lateral condyle are arranged and formed in parallel, each having a projection functioning as a joint head at the tip of one end. And a pseudo medial condyle having a concave flat surface that can function as a glenoid by individually engaging and engaging with each of the projections individually formed on the pseudo medial condyle and the pseudo lateral condyle A structure in which a pseudo-tibia provided with a lateral condyle at one end tip is connected and fixed in series via the joint head and the glenoid joint under a desired connection pressure. And the coupling engagement / fixation of both of them is arranged in the pseudo femur or in an appropriate auxiliary support provided to be connected to the pseudo femur, and one end thereof is the auxiliary support Have appropriate elongation and elongation characteristics. At least one, preferably two stretchable elastic members, and a linear shape having an appropriate strength or elongation in which one end portion is connected to the other end portion of each of the elastic stretchable members. After the other end of the connecting member is inserted through the internal space of the pseudo femur, the pseudo thigh is inserted through a hole or slit having an appropriate shape provided in the vicinity of the lower end of the pseudo femur. From the insertion hole or slit provided in the appropriate part of the upper end of the pseudo tibia, after being led to the outer surface of the bone and moving as it is on one or both sides of the outer surface of the pseudo knee joint structure The connecting member is introduced into the pseudo tibia and is fixed and held at the site via appropriate fixing means.
In the above specific example, the auxiliary linear connection having the same or different elongation and strength as the linear connection member in parallel with either or both of the one or two stretchable elastic members. A member is further arranged and used, and one end of each auxiliary linear connecting member is detachable through an appropriate fixing means at an appropriate portion of the upper end of the pseudo femur. It is a preferable specific example to employ a configuration in which the other end of the auxiliary linear connecting member is joined to the joint between the stretchable elastic member and the linear connecting member while being joined and engaged. Furthermore, it has a configuration in which two reinforcing linear bodies are arranged inside the pseudo knee joint structure 280 in parallel with each other, and one end portion of each reinforcing linear body is The elastic elastic member is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the auxiliary support portion. It is detachably attached to the vicinity of the site via a detachable joining means, and the other end of each reinforcing linear body is passed through the inside of the pseudo femur, so that the pseudo thigh The pseudo medial condyle and the pseudo lateral condyle provided on the lower surface of the lower end of the bone are led out from appropriate openings provided in the pseudo lateral condyle or in the vicinity thereof, and then the two reinforcing filaments are After crossing each other in an appropriate shape, the pseudo tibia is introduced into the pseudo tibia from an appropriate opening provided on the upper surface of the upper end of the pseudo tibia, and is applied to an appropriate joining and fixing means provided in the pseudo tibia. It is also a desirable specific example to employ a configuration in which the joint is fixed.
Further, in the knee pseudo joint structure according to the present invention, the knee pseudo joint structure is further arranged in a swingable state facing a part of the peripheral portion of the joint portion between the pseudo femur and the pseudo tibia. The patella is provided with one end connected to the other end of an appropriate elastic elastic member whose one end is fixed to an appropriate fixing member. Alternatively, one or a plurality of appropriate connecting linear bodies are joined to the other end of each of the connecting linear bodies, and the other end is fixed to the vicinity of the upper end of the pseudo-tibial portion. It is also a preferable specific example to adopt a configuration in which the terminal is connected to one end of each other appropriate connecting wire.
Also in the above specific example, it goes without saying that an appropriate pulley means may be provided at the joint engaging portion between the stretchable elastic member and the linear connecting portion.

On the other hand, when the pseudo joint structure according to the present invention is an ankle pseudo joint structure, the pseudo joint structure has the following basic configuration.
That is, the ankle pseudo-joint structure has a pseudo lower end joint surface of the pseudo tibia, a pseudo lower end inner surface of the pseudo rib, a lower end inner surface of the pseudo tibia, and a pseudo lower end inner surface of the pseudo rib at the lower end portion. A pseudo-leg part formed integrally and continuously with a pseudo-glenoid fossa, and a pseudo-toe part cross-joined at an angle orthogonal to or close to the pseudo-leg part, A desired contact pressure stress between the pseudo leg and the pseudo toe via a pseudo talar pulley having a function of a pseudo joint head formed on the upper surface of the pseudo talar provided at a part of the toe. And the pseudo leg portion and the pseudo toe portion are attached to appropriate fixing means provided at an appropriate portion of the upper end portion of the pseudo leg portion. The elastic elastic member with one end fixed to the internal space of the pseudo leg At the same time, one end of an appropriate linear connecting member having appropriate strength and elongation is connected to the other end of the stretchable elastic member, and the other end is connected to the pseudo joint. The pseudo joint is once guided to the outside through one or a plurality of holes formed on the surface of the pseudo thigh joint provided at the lower end of the pseudo leg where the fossa is formed. Introduced into the internal space of the pseudo toe part through one or a plurality of holes or slit-like grooves formed on the outer surface of the pseudo-boneless bone in which the head is formed, and the pseudo toe part It is configured to be connected and fixed through appropriate fixing means provided on the inner surface.
Furthermore, in the above specific example, each of the one end portions of the plurality of linear connecting members is connected to the other end portion of the stretchable elastic member. The linear connecting member is a specific example that is preferably arranged inside the pseudo leg portion and the pseudo toe portion in parallel with each other. On the other hand, the plurality of linear connecting members include one It is composed of a continuous linear connecting member, and an appropriate pulley means is provided at the joint between the linear connecting member and the elastic elastic member. Is also a desirable example.
On the other hand, in the ankle pseudo joint structure according to the present invention, the pseudo lower end joint surface of the pseudo tibia, the pseudo lower end inner surface of the pseudo rib, the lower end inner surface of the pseudo tibia, and the pseudo lower end of the pseudo rib at the lower end portion. A pseudo-leg part in which the inner surface of the part is integrally and continuously formed and a pseudo-glenoid is formed, and a pseudo-toe part that is cross-joined at an angle orthogonal to or close to the pseudo-leg part. The pseudo leg portion and the pseudo toe portion are desired via a pseudo talar pulley having a function of a pseudo joint head formed on the upper surface of the pseudo talar provided in a part of the pseudo foot tip portion. Are joined and fixed to each other under the contact pressure stress, and the pseudo leg portion and the pseudo toe portion are appropriately provided at appropriate portions of the upper end portion of the pseudo leg portion. The elastic elastic member whose one end is fixed to the fixing means, the pseudo leg portion At the same time as placing in the internal space, one end of an appropriate linear connecting member having appropriate strength and elongation is connected to the other end of the stretchable elastic member, and the other end is connected After being led to the outside once through one or a plurality of holes formed on the surface of the pseudo-reflexion joint provided at the lower end of the pseudo-leg where the pseudo-glenoid is formed, The pseudo joint head is introduced into the internal space of the pseudo toe part through one or a plurality of holes or slit-like grooves formed on the outer surface of the pseudo bone that is formed, It may be configured to be connected and fixed via appropriate fixing means provided on the inner surface of the foot tip.
In the above specific example, each of the one end portions of the plurality of linear connecting members is connected to the other end portion of the stretchable elastic member. The connecting members may be configured to be disposed inside the pseudo leg portion and the pseudo toe portion in parallel with each other, and further, the plurality of linear connecting members. Is composed of one continuous linear connecting member, and an appropriate pulley means may be provided at the joint between the linear connecting member and the elastic elastic member. This is a preferred embodiment.

Each of the above-described individual pseudo-joint structures according to the present invention is individually manufactured and used for learning and training of the dislocation reduction technique in the joint part of the human body to which it individually corresponds. A plurality of types of individual pseudo joint structures may be connected to each other in the longitudinal direction and used for learning and training of dislocation reduction techniques in the corresponding joint parts of the human body. May be.
For example, as the first aspect, the shoulder pseudo joint structure 190 shown in FIG. 19 or the like and the elbow pseudo joint structure 101 shown in FIG. 10 or the like are connected in the longitudinal direction, or Further, the elbow pseudo-joint structure 101 and the finger pseudo-joint structure 80 shown in FIG. 8 or the like are connected in the longitudinal direction, or further, the above three members are connected to each other. Is also possible.
Of course, as the second aspect, the hip pseudo joint structure 220 shown in FIG. 22 and the knee pseudo joint structure 280 shown in FIG. 27 are connected in the longitudinal direction, or The knee pseudo-joint structure 280 and the ankle pseudo-joint structure 141 shown in FIG. 14 or the like can be connected in the longitudinal direction, or further, the above three members can be connected to each other.

Next, FIG. 49 shows an example of a joint dislocation reduction technique learning device 120 that realizes the configuration of the first specific example of the present invention.
That is, FIG. 49 is a perspective view showing an outline of the configuration of the joint dislocation reduction processing training device 120 according to the present invention, and is basically selected from the individual pseudo-joint structures having the above-described configuration. In addition, a joint dislocation reduction processing training apparatus 120 is shown in which a plurality of types of the pseudo joint structure groups are continuously joined to each other in the longitudinal direction.
52 to 57, which are reference drawings, show photographs of configuration examples in which the above specific examples are put into practical use.
As described above, the joint dislocation reduction processing training device 120 according to the present invention is a joint dislocation reduction technique learning device for realizing the configuration of the first specific example. A substantially half region of the upper surface portion of the substrate 121 has a flat surface portion 123 covered with a non-slip member, and a remaining half region of the substrate 121 has a predetermined height and is curved. A hangar portion 122 that is formed in a hermetically bulging shape except for a part of the hangar portion 122 is disposed on the upper side, and a spring for controlling the joint function of the pseudo shoulder joint portion is provided inside the hangar portion 122. 24, that is, at least a part of the first auxiliary support portion 1922 described above is stored, and further, formed in a portion 125 of the storage portion 122 facing the longitudinal line of the substrate 121. Opening 1 26, a portion 191 of the pseudo shoulder joint portion 190 that is linked to the spring mechanism portion is projected outward, and the pseudo humerus is an outer end portion 191 of the pseudo shoulder joint portion 190. An appropriate pseudo elbow joint portion 101 and an appropriate pseudo finger joint portion 80 are used at the distal end portion of the portion 192 along the longitudinal direction of each pseudo joint portion and for each pseudo joint structure. It is joined and integrated in series via individual auxiliary support members 127 to 129 for holding the end portions of appropriate elastic elastic members, and the elastic properties at each of the pseudo joint portions. The portions 160 and 162 and the connecting portion 161 where the elastic members and the connecting members are arranged are covered with a cylindrical body that has a cylindrical hollow body, and the outer layer portion thereof is, for example, the appearance and touch of human skin. , Close to color, elasticity Were, a flexible with elasticity and stretchability example, is coated with a synthetic resin-coated film 124 or the like exhibiting a cylindrical hollow body having an expandable.

In other words, in the above specific example, another portion for controlling the function of the pseudo elbow joint portion 101 is provided inside the distal end portion of the pseudo humerus portion, which is the outer end portion of the pseudo shoulder joint portion 190. A spring mechanism portion is built in, and a spring mechanism portion 163 including the other elastic elastic member and a connecting string-like member is provided inside the pseudo rib and pseudo ulna outside the pseudo elbow joint portion. The connecting string member is fixed to the distal end of the pseudo rib and an appropriate part inside the pseudo ulna, and either the pseudo rib or the pseudo ulna of the pseudo elbow joint. In addition, a spring mechanism 164 for controlling the function of the pseudo finger joint is incorporated in the outer end of the pseudo finger joint, and at the same time, the pseudo finger joint is disposed in the longitudinal direction and on the outer part. A connection characterized by being formed Dislocation reduction processing training device 120 is shown.
58 and 61 to 63, which are reference drawings, show photographs of examples of the structure of one specific example of the spring mechanism 163.
In the specific example shown in FIG. 49, the structure of the pseudo joint head 5 and the pseudo joint fossa 6 using the shoulder pseudo joint structure 190 is the same as that shown in FIG.
59 and 60 and FIGS. 64 to 65, which are reference views, show photographs of examples of the structures of the pseudo joint head 5 and the pseudo joint fovea 6 described above.
That is, the external structure of the pseudo joint head 5 takes the shape as described above, but the structure of the pseudo joint fistula 6 is curved into a concave shape that engages with the pseudo joint head 5. In close proximity to the peripheral edge of the recess 6 ′ ′, two independent guides 6 ′ standing upright and curved to guide the pseudo joint head 5 so as not to drop out of the pseudo glenoid cavity 6, and 6 ″ is arranged, and the one holding guide portion 6 ″ has an overall size larger than that of the other holding guide portion 6 ′, and an appropriate size is formed on a part of the wall-like portion. An opening is provided.
Here, another configuration example of the spring mechanism portion corresponding to the first auxiliary support portion 1922 disposed in the storage portion 122 in the joint dislocation reduction processing training device 120 according to the present invention described above. The outline will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
By the way, in the specific example of the present invention described above, when the connecting member 21 having at least two of the filaments is used, as shown in FIG. The connecting member 21 can be used by being bent at a substantially central position in the middle thereof, and further, the bent portion and the stretchable elastic member 24 can be used at a substantially central position of the connecting member 21 having the filament. It is also possible to insert a pulley means 2000 having an appropriate structure as shown in FIG. 50, which will be described later, or to place the pulley 21 in a continuous state at the joint with the other end. This is a preferred embodiment.
As a further specific example, when a plurality of each of the elastic resilient member 24 and the plurality of connecting members 21 are used, for example, as shown in FIG. At the same time, after the one connecting member 21 is circulated in series, the end members may be fixed using an appropriate fastening means 1200 or the like.
On the other hand, as a preferable spring mechanism portion 1922 in the specific example of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 50, a pair of support wall portions 1270 and 1270 ′ standing upright at the left and right ends in the longitudinal direction of the flat substrate portion 2001 are provided. One end portion of an appropriate spring portion, which is the two elastic resilient members 24, 24 ', is locked to a part of the one support wall portion 1270, and Appropriate pulley means 2000 and 2000 ′ are attached to the other ends of the two elastic elastic members 24 and 24 ′, and the pulley means 2000 and 2000 ′ are connected to the respective pulley means 2000 and 2000 ′. The string-like members 21 and 21 'are slidably locked.
And as a particularly characteristic part in this specific example, the said string-like members 21 and 21 'are connected cyclically | annularly, and are used as one continuous string-like body.
That is, in this specific example, for example, the tying member 21 starting from the first pulley means 2000 passes through the through hole portion 1932 formed in the support wall portion 1270 ′, and the After being introduced into the joint head 5 from a hole 1934 formed in a part of the surface of the joint head 5 of the shoulder pseudo joint structure, another joint formed in a part of the surface of the joint head 5 It is led out to the outer surface of the joint head 5 from the hole 1935, and then passes through another through hole 1932 formed in the support wall 127 ′ to reach the second pulley means 2000 ′. After circling the second pulley means 2000 ′, it passes again through another through-hole portion 1932 formed in the support wall portion 1270 ′ and the surface of the joint head 5 of the shoulder pseudo joint structure. The joint from another hole 1934 formed in a part of 5 is introduced again into the outer surface of the joint head 5 through another hole 1935 formed in a part of the surface of the joint head 5, and then the support wall portion 1270 ′. It passes through a further different through-hole portion 1932 formed in the above and reaches the first pulley means 2000, but in the middle, it is formed in an annular shape through an appropriate string-like body binding and coupling means 120. .
53 to 57, which are reference diagrams, show photographs of the configuration of a specific example of the spring control mechanism in the joint dislocation reduction processing training apparatus 120 according to the present invention described above.

The detailed specifications and usage of the joint dislocation reduction processing training apparatus 120 according to the present invention will be specifically described below.
That is, the joint dislocation reduction processing training apparatus 120 according to the present invention reduces the dislocation joint of the patient who has dislocated the shoulder joint, the elbow joint, the finger joint, etc., to the original normal joint state. A joint dislocation reduction training device that trains, experiences, and learns the operation and procedure of the treatment and treatment to restore the dislocated joint to its original state, while the teacher performs treatment and treatment. The length of the joint dislocation reduction processing training apparatus 120 is, for example, 600 mm, the width is 400 mm, and the substrate 121 has a thickness of about 20 mm. The flat surface portion 123 covered with a non-slip member made of a rubber material or a synthetic resin material, and the remaining half of the region bulge in a curved shape with a maximum height of about 150 mm, except for a part, in a sealed state. With the formed hangar part 122 And at least a part of a spring mechanism unit for controlling the joint function of the pseudo shoulder joint unit is stored inside the storage unit 122, and further, A pseudo humerus 192 that is at least a part of the shoulder pseudo-joint structure 190 protrudes outward from the opening 126 formed in the portion 125 facing the longitudinal line of the substrate.

Here, if the usage method of the joint dislocation reduction processing training apparatus 120 according to the present invention is described, for example, when a reduction teacher trainee practices an operation to reduce the dislocated joint, the reduction teacher. First, the trainee puts his / her foot or knee on the flat region 123 on the substrate 121, and when the target bone part to be reduced, for example, the shoulder joint is dislocated, the pseudo humerus part is placed. Lifting by hand, and simultaneously placing another foot or knee on the outer surface of the hangar part 122 bulging in the curved shape to secure the support point of the body, the target bone part is, for example, in a predetermined direction It is possible to experience and learn the method of dislocation reduction by repeating the operation many times by lifting the upper part while twisting and returning the dislocated joint part to its original shape.

1: Pseudo joint structure 2: First pseudo bone member 3: Second pseudo bone member 5: Pseudo joint head 6: Pseudo glenoid fossa 1 ': Joint structure 2': First pseudo bone member 3 ': Second pseudo bone member 4 ': periosteum 5': joint head 6 ': glenoid fossa 7': joint cavity 8 ': articular cartilage 10': one end 11 ': one end 12': joint capsule 13 ': fiber Membrane 14 ': Secondary ligament 15': Joint capsular ligament 20: Auxiliary support portion 21; Connecting member 22; Auxiliary support frame portion 24; Shrinkable elastic member 27; Fixing member 28; Joining means 29; Adjusting means 31; End portion 32; Cut groove portion 35; Hole portion 40; Pin portion 42; Cam portion 50; Auxiliary linear body 51, 51 '; One end portion 52; Other end portion 55, 55': Fixing means 71: Medium Hand bone 72: proximal phalanx 73: middle phalanx 74: distal phalanx 75: metacarpophalangeal joint 77: distal interphalangeal joint 715: nodal head 725: joint head 726: Glenoid fossa 735: Seki prefix 736: Glenoid 746: Glenoid fossa 80: Pseudo finger joint structure 81: First pseudo bone member 82: Second pseudo bone member 83: Third pseudo bone member 84: No. 4 pseudo bone members 85: auxiliary support portion 86: passage hole, hole portion 87: groove portion 89: joint annular surface portion 815: joint prefix 825: joint head 826: glenoid 835: joint head 836: glenoid 875: joint portion 876: joint part 877: joint part 90: brachial joint 91: humerus 92: ulna 93: fibula 94: joint capsule 95: humeral pulley 96: pulley cut 97: humeral joint 98: humeral head 100 Human body 101: pseudo elbow joint structure 104: pseudo humerus 106: pseudo rib 107: pseudo ulna 108: pseudo humeral joint 109: pseudo arm ulnar joint 1095: pseudo humeral pulley 1096: pseudo Car notch 1098: Pseudohumeral head 1099: Pseudo joint annular surface portion 120: Joint dislocation reduction training device 1200: Fastening means 121: Substrate 122: Storage box portion 123: Flat surface portion 124: Synthetic resin film exhibiting a cylindrical hollow body Shaped body 125: portion 126 facing the longitudinal line 126: opening 127: auxiliary support member 128: auxiliary support member 129: auxiliary support members 1270, 1270 ′: support wall 131: rib 132: tibia 133: talar bone 134: thigh Joint 135: Lower joint surface of the tibia 136: Inner surface of the end of the tibia 137: Inner surface of the lower end of the rib 138: Talar pulley 1300: Reinforced striatum
1301: One end part 1303: Coupling means 1304: Coupling and fixing means 1305: Space part 141: Pseudo leg joint structure 142: Pseudo leg part 143: Rib 144: Tibial 145: Pseudotalus 147: Inner surface 148: Pseudo thigh joint 149: Pseudo lower end inner surface 150: Pseudotalar pulley 151: Pseudo toe part 152: Bottom part 153: Base part 154: First hollow cylindrical body 155: Second hollow cylindrical body 156: Cam-like member 157: Locking part 160: Cylindrical body 161 exhibiting a cylindrical hollow body 1: Cylindrical body 162 presenting a cylindrical hollow body: Cylindrical body 163 presenting a cylindrical hollow body: Connection portion 164 between a stretchable elastic member and a coupling member Connection portion 180 of the elastic elastic member and the connecting member 180: shoulder joint 181: scapula 182: humerus 190: pseudo shoulder joint structure 191: pseudo scapula 192: pseudo humerus 1 22: Auxiliary support means 1927: Fixing means 1930: One end portion 1931: The other end portion 1932: Hole portion 1933: The other end portion 1934 of the connecting member: Insertion hole portion 1935: Insertion hole portion 245: Space portion 260: Knee joint 261: Femur
262: lateral condyle 263: medial condyle 264: tibia 265: medial condyle 266: lateral condyle 267: patella 268: joint meniscus 269: medial collateral ligament 270: lateral collateral ligament 271: anterior cruciate ligament 272: posterior cruciate ligament 280 : Pseudo knee joint structure 281: Pseudo femur 282: Lower end
283: Pseudo medial condyle 284: Lateral condyle 285: Pseudo tibia 286: Upper end 287: Pseudo medial condyle 288: Lateral condyle 293: Auxiliary support part 294: Proximal part 294 ': Proximal part 295: Insertion hole part 295': Insertion hole Portions 296, 296 ′: Auxiliary linear bodies 300, 300 ′: Insertion holes and kerfs 301, 301 ′: Insertion holes 302, 302 ′: Insertion holes 303, 303 ′: Exit holes 304, 304 ′: Joining fixing means 305 , 305 ′: Opening 306, 306 ′: Opening 315: Groove 316: Groove 360, 360 ′: Opening 361, 361 ′: L-shaped slit 400: Pseudo knee joint structure 401: Knee joint 402 : Patella 403: one end 405, 405 ': fourth connecting linear body 406: joining and fixing means 407: stretchable elastic member 411, 412: other end 420: adjusting plate 460: End portion 500: Connection fixing means 501: Fifth connecting linear body 502: One end portion 503: Other end portion 504: Appropriate bulging portion 505: Locking member 628: Pseudo tibia 801, 802: One end portion 803, 804: Second connecting linear body 805, 806: One end 807, 808: One end 809, 810: Third connecting linear body 811, 812: The other end 813, 814: First connecting linear body 900: Arm measure node part 2000: Pulley means 2001: Flat substrate part

Hereinafter, the configuration and function of the pseudo joint structure in the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
That is, FIG. 3A is a diagram showing a configuration of a specific example of the pseudo joint structure 1 according to the present invention. In the figure, a predetermined joint structure in a predetermined part of the human body 100 is shown. A pseudo joint structure 1 having a structure similar to that of the first pseudo bone member 2 having a joint head 5 formed at one end thereof, and a glenoid 6 having one end thereof. And the first and second pseudo bone members 2 and 3 are configured such that the joint head 5 and the nodule 6 are fitted to each other. However, the first and second pseudo bone members 2 and 3 are either pseudo bones of the first and second pseudo bone members 2 and 3. the first auxiliary supporting portion 20 which is connected a portion of member 2 or to one of the pseudo bone members 2, one end portion is fixed, its Appropriate connecting members 21 and / or other end portions fixed to a part of the other pseudo bone members 3, 2 or the second auxiliary support portion 22 connected to the pseudo bone members 3, 2. Alternatively, the connecting member 21 including an appropriate elastic elastic member 24 is brought into contact with each other under a predetermined pressing force. Further, the pseudo joint structure 1 includes the first and second The pseudo bone members 2 and 3 display the dislocation state between the two pseudo bone members 2 and 3 and stop, and the first and second in the pseudo joint structure 1 in the dislocation state. A function of reducing the dislocation state by adding an operation of extending or rotating at least one of the pseudo bone members 2, 3 of the pseudo bone members 2, 3 or pushing the pseudo bone members 2, 3. For learning reduction operation for joint dislocation Section structure 1 is shown.

Claims (41)

A pseudo joint structure having a structure similar to a predetermined joint structure in a predetermined part of a human body,
The pseudo joint structure includes a first pseudo bone member having a joint head formed at one end thereof, and a second pseudo bone member having a joint fossa formed at one end thereof. The first and second pseudo bone members are arranged in close proximity to each other so that the joint head and the glenoid fossa are engaged with each other, and the first and second pseudo bone members The one end is fixed to a part of one of the first and second pseudo bone members or the first auxiliary support portion connected to the pseudo bone member, and the other end By an appropriate elastic elastic member fixed to the second auxiliary support part connected to the part of the other pseudo bone member or the pseudo bone member directly or through an appropriate connecting member, They are pressed against each other under a predetermined pressing force, and the pseudo joint structure is The function that the first and second pseudo bone members display a dislocation state between the two pseudo bone members to be stationary, and the first and second in the pseudo joint structure in the dislocation state. And a function of reducing the dislocation state by applying an operation of displacing or turning at least one of the pseudo bone members in a predetermined direction while applying a predetermined force. Pseudo joint structure for learning reduction operation for dislocation.   2. The stretchable elastic member and / or the connecting member are arranged in an internal space of at least one of the first pseudo bone member and the second pseudo bone member. The pseudo joint structure described.   The surface portion of at least one of the joint head and the joint fossa is provided with at least one through-hole portion or through-groove portion that connects the external space portion and the joint head or the internal space of the joint fovea. The pseudo-joint structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein In the case where the pseudo joint structure displays a normal joint formation state, the through-hole portion or the through-groove portion provided in each of the joint head and the glenoid fossa is the joint head and The pseudo joint structure according to claim 3, wherein the pseudo joint structure is provided at a portion where the joint joints are opposed to each other so as to be fitted to each other or at a portion in the vicinity thereof.   The stretchable elastic member or the connecting member extends from the internal space of the joint head to the through-hole portion or the through-groove portion of the joint head and the through-hole portion or the through-groove portion of the joint fistula arranged adjacently. 5. The pseudo joint structure according to claim 3, wherein the pseudo joint structure is inserted into the internal space of the glenoid via or in the opposite direction.   The through hole or the through groove provided in each of the joint head and the glenoid is provided with at least one, preferably a plurality of through grooves, and the through grooves are provided in the pseudo joint structure. 6. The pseudo joint structure according to claim 3, wherein the pseudo joint structure has a function of designating a directionality of a dislocation state between the first and second pseudo bone members.   The arrangement direction of each said through-groove part is mutually different, when the said through-groove part provided in this surface part of the said joint head or the said glenoid is provided with two or more. Pseudo joint structure. In the case where the pseudo joint structure indicates a joint dislocation state, at least one of the stretchable elastic member or the connecting member is the joint between the first and second pseudo bone members. The pseudo joint structure according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the pseudo joint structure is bent through the at least one through groove provided in at least one of the head and the joint fossa. The pseudo joint according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein at least one, preferably a plurality of the elastic elastic members or the connecting members used in the pseudo joint structure are used. Structure.   The pseudo joint structure according to claim 1, wherein the elastic resilient member is a spring.   The stretchable elastic member or the appropriate connecting member is arranged in one of the internal space part of the first and second pseudo bone members or the auxiliary support frame part. Item 11. The pseudo joint structure according to any one of Items 1 to 10.   The pseudo joint structure according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein at least a part of the appropriate connecting member is disposed on an outer surface of the pseudo joint structure.   The pseudo joint structure according to claim 12, wherein the appropriate connecting member disposed on the outer surface of the pseudo joint structure is configured to exhibit a function similar to that of a ligament. body.   The pseudo joint structure according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein an adjusting means for appropriately changing the elongation or the elongation recovery stress of the stretchable elastic member is provided.   One end portion is joined in the vicinity of a predetermined portion of the pseudo bone member to which the one end portion of the stretchable elastic member provided on the first pseudo bone member or the second pseudo bone member is fixed. The auxiliary linear body is disposed, and the other end portion of the auxiliary linear body is joined to the other end portion of the stretchable elastic member. Pseudo joint structure.   The pseudo joint structure according to claim 15, wherein the auxiliary linear body is configured to exhibit a function similar to that of a ligament.   In the pseudo joint structure using the two connecting members with respect to the one elastic resilient member, the two connecting members include one continuous connecting member. In addition, the pulley means is arranged at the connecting end portion of the stretchable elastic member, and the substantially central portion of the one continuous connecting member is folded and communicated with the pulley means. The pseudo-joint structure according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein   In the pseudo joint structure using the two connecting members with respect to the two stretchable elastic members, the two connecting members include one continuous connecting member. In addition, the pulley means are individually arranged at the connection ends of the respective elastic elastic members, and the one continuous connecting member is connected to the pulley means group and the joint head or the joint. The pseudo joint structure according to any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein the pseudo joint structure is communicated in a folded state in a hooked shape with the fossa.   The pseudo joint structure is a finger pseudo joint structure, and in each of the finger pseudo joint parts, each finger corresponding to each individual in the actual human body is configured. Finger pseudo-bone member groups corresponding to each of the number (plural) of finger pseudo-bone member groups are arranged and formed in a substantially series shape along the center line, and adjacent to each other. Each of the arranged finger pseudo-bone members is arranged at one end of the connecting member that is disposed in the vicinity of the first finger pseudo-bone member located on the back side of the hand and that engages with the stretchable elastic member. And the other end of the connecting member that is bonded and fixed in the vicinity of the tip of the Nth finger pseudo bone member disposed at the tip of each finger. Each of which is further arranged adjacent to each other. At least one through-hole configured so that at least a part of the connecting part penetrates at least a part of the joint head or the joint fossa formed at each joint end part of the finger pseudo-bone member The finger pseudo-joint structure according to any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein a part or a through groove is provided.   The pseudo-joint structure is an elbow pseudo-joint structure, and the elbow pseudo-joint structure has at least one pseudo-joint at an end facing the joint engaging portion where the joint head and the glenoid fossa are engaged. One pseudo humerus part formed with two bulged pseudo humerus pulleys arranged adjacent to the humeral head and opposite to the joint engaging part A pseudo rib having a pseudo articulated annular surface engaging with the one pseudo humeral pulley at one end thereof, and a pseudo pulley notch engaging with the other pseudo humeral pulley. Each of the two bulged pseudo humerus pulleys and the pseudo pulley cut-offs, each of which is composed of a pseudo ulna at the end and bonded and fixed to each other under a desired contact pressure stress. In the substantially central part of the trace and the pseudo joint annular surface part or in the vicinity thereof, A communication hole portion that communicates between the internal space and the outside air, and the internal space that is joined to the communication hole portion or formed in a predetermined direction at a predetermined length in the vicinity of the communication hole portion; A through-groove portion that communicates with the outside air is arranged and formed, and further, a suitable fixing member provided at the other end of the pseudo humerus portion is made of a spring or the like having suitable elongation and elongation characteristics. One end of the elastic elastic member is engaged and fixed, and the other end of the elastic elastic member is provided in common with the other end of the pseudo rib and the pseudo ulna. Are connected to the other ends of the two linear connecting members, one end of which is fixed to an appropriate fixing member, and one linear of the two linear connecting members The connecting member is connected from the inside of the pseudo ulna to the communication hole of the pseudo pulley notch portion. And / or connected to one end of the stretchable elastic member via the through-groove and via the communication hole and / or the through-groove in the one pseudo-humeral pulley, On the other hand, the other linear connecting member is connected to the communicating hole in the other pseudo humeral pulley from the inside of the pseudo rib via the communicating hole portion and / or the through groove portion of the pseudo joint annular surface portion. An elbow pseudo-joint structure characterized in that the elbow pseudo-joint structure is connected to one end portion of the stretchable elastic member through the portion and / or the through groove portion.   The elbow pseudo-joint structure according to claim 20, wherein the two linear connecting members are constituted by a continuous body.   The elbow pseudo-joint structure according to claim 21, wherein a pulley means is used at a joint portion between one end portion of the stretchable elastic member and the linear connecting member.   The pseudo-joint structure is a shoulder pseudo-joint structure, and the shoulder pseudo-joint structure is fixedly attached to the outer surface of a part of auxiliary support means having an appropriate hollow internal shape. A pseudo scapula having a glenoid having an outer surface on the outer surface, and a pseudo humerus having a joint head formed on one end of the glenoid that engages and fits with the glenoid. Are joined and fixed to each other under a desired contact pressure stress, and the auxiliary support means is fixedly gripped at one end thereof through appropriate fixing means provided on a part of the inner wall of the auxiliary support means. At least one, preferably two, elastic elastic members having a predetermined elongation and elongation recovery rate are arranged, and further, the other elastic elastic members are arranged at the other end. Is one or two of the appropriate strength or elongation One end of each linking member is connected, and the other end of each of the connecting members is provided on the surface of the auxiliary support means on the side where the pseudo-scapula is attached, After passing through one or two holes formed on both sides of the pseudoscapula and passing through the outer surface side of the glenoid, it was provided on the surface of the joint head It is joined and fixed to appropriate individually corresponding fixing means, or is introduced into the joint head through each appropriate individually corresponding through hole provided on the surface of the joint head. It is characterized in that it is configured to be joined and fixed to fixing means corresponding to each appropriate provided.   24. The shoulder pseudo-joint structure according to claim 23, wherein the two connecting members joined to the respective elastic elastic members are formed of a single continuous linear body. 25. The shoulder pseudo-joint structure according to claim 23 or 24, wherein the series of connecting members joined to the respective elastic elastic members are constituted by one continuous linear body.   The shoulder pseudo joint structure according to any one of claims 23 to 25, wherein a pulley means is provided at a joint portion between each of the elastic elastic members and the connecting member.   The pseudo joint structure is a hip joint structure, and the hip joint structure is fixedly attached to an outer surface of a part of auxiliary support means having an appropriate hollow internal shape. It consists of a pseudo hipbone with an acetabular fossa and a pseudo femur with a pseudo humeral head formed at one end of the pseudo hip bone. The auxiliary support means is fixed, and at least one, preferably two, of which one end is fixed and held via appropriate fixing means provided on a part of the inner wall of the auxiliary support means. A stretchable elastic member having a predetermined elongation and elongation recovery rate is disposed, and the other end of each stretchable elastic member has an appropriate strength or elongation. One end of each of the two or two linear connecting members is connected The other end of each of the connecting members is a hole or a slit (a kerf) provided on the surface of the auxiliary support means on the side where the pseudo-bone is attached. Each of the linear connecting members is inserted into the pseudo-humeral head via an insertion hole provided in a bottom surface portion corresponding to the pseudo-acetabular acetabulum formed in the pseudo-acetabulum. The hip is introduced into the pseudo humeral head via an insertion hole formed on the outer surface of the pseudo humeral head, and is joined and fixed to the external surface of the pseudo humeral head by an appropriate fixing means. Pseudo joint structure.   A plurality of grooves having an appropriate depth and length and arranged in different directions are provided in a portion of the pseudo femur that is close to the pseudo humeral head 224. The hip pseudo joint structure according to claim 27.   The hip artificial joint structure is arranged in parallel with the stretchable elastic member by arranging another stretchable elastic member having different elasticity, elongation recovery rate, etc. One end of the elastic member is attached to a part of the inner wall of the auxiliary support means via an appropriate fixing means, and the other end of the other elastic elastic member has an appropriate strength or extension. Connecting one end of another linear coupling member having a degree, and penetrating the other end of the other linear coupling member through a hole or slit formed in the surface portion of the auxiliary support means, And the surface curved surface of the pseudo humeral head passes through an appropriate insertion hole provided in the bottom surface of the pseudo hipbone and exits from an exit hole provided in the vicinity of the outer surface of the joint head 5. After being placed along the pseudo-thigh from the appropriate insertion hole formed on the pseudo-humeral head Inserted inside parts where the crotch pseudo joint structure according to claim 27 or 28, characterized in that is fixed by an appropriate joining means.   A plurality of the elastic elastic members or a plurality of the other elastic elastic members are connected to the one linear connecting member or another linear connecting member. The hip pseudo joint structure according to any one of claims 27 to 29.   The pseudo-joint structure is a knee pseudo-joint structure, and the knee pseudo-joint structure has a pseudo medial condyle and a pseudo lateral side, each of which has a protrusion functioning as a joint head at the tip of one end. It functions as a glenoid joint by engaging and engaging with each of the pseudo femur part in which the condyles are arranged in parallel and the projection part individually formed on the pseudo medial condyle and the pseudo lateral condyle. Pseudo medial condyle and pseudo lateral condyle having a dent-like flat surface and a pseudo tibia provided at one end tip are connected in series via the joint head and the glenoid in a desired manner. It has a configuration in which the coupling engagement is fixed under pressure, and both the coupling engagement and fixation are arranged in the pseudo femur or in an appropriate auxiliary support provided to be connected thereto. One end of which is fixed to the auxiliary support One end is connected to at least one, preferably two stretchable elastic members having appropriate elongation and elongation characteristics, and the other end of each of the elastic stretchable members. After the other end portion of the linear connecting member having the appropriate strength or elongation inserted through the internal space portion of the pseudo femur, an appropriate portion provided in the vicinity of the lower end portion of the pseudo femur After being led to the outer surface of the pseudo femur from the hole or slit having the shape of the above, and moving one side or both sides of the outer surface of the pseudo knee joint structure as it is, the upper end of the pseudo tibial is appropriately The knee is configured such that the connecting member is introduced into the pseudo tibia from an insertion hole or an insertion slit provided in the part, and is fixed and held through appropriate fixing means at the part. Pseudo joint structure.   Auxiliary linear connecting member having the same or different elongation and strength as the linear connecting member in parallel with either or both of the one or two elastic elastic members And one end of each auxiliary linear connecting member is detachably joined and connected via an appropriate fixing means at an appropriate portion of the upper end of the pseudo femur. A knee pseudo-joint structure characterized in that the other end of the linear connecting member is joined to the joint between the stretchable elastic member and the linear connecting member.   The knee pseudo-joint structure further has a configuration in which two reinforcing striates are arranged inside the pseudo-knee joint structure 280 in parallel with each other. One end portion is an upper end portion of the auxiliary support portion, and is detachably attached via a detachable joining means in the vicinity of a portion where the stretchable elastic member is fixedly arranged. The other end of each reinforcing striatum is passed through the inside of the pseudo femur, and the pseudo medial condyle and the pseudo lateral condyle provided in the lower surface of the lower end of the pseudo femur or those After being led to the outside through an appropriate opening provided in the vicinity, and then intersecting each other in the appropriate shape, the two reinforcing filaments were provided on the upper surface of the upper end of the pseudo-tibia Introduce into the pseudo-tibia through an appropriate opening Knee pseudo joint structure according to claim 32, characterized in that is fixedly joined to an appropriate bonding fixing means provided in the tibia. The knee pseudo joint structure is further provided with a patella arranged in a swingable state facing a part of the peripheral portion of the joint portion of the pseudo femur and the pseudo tibia. In addition, the patella has one or more appropriate connecting wires connected to the other end of an appropriate elastic elastic member whose one end is fixed to an appropriate fixing member. One or a plurality of other appropriate connecting linear bodies that are joined to each other end of the body and whose other end is fixed to the vicinity of the upper end of the pseudo-tibial portion. The knee pseudo joint structure according to any one of claims 31 to 33, wherein the knee pseudo joint structure is connected to one end of each.   36. The knee simulation according to any one of claims 31 to 35, wherein an appropriate pulley means is provided in a joint engagement portion between the stretchable elastic member and the linear connecting portion. Joint structure.   The pseudo joint structure is an ankle pseudo joint structure, and the ankle pseudo joint structure has a pseudo lower end joint surface of a pseudo tibia, a pseudo lower end inner surface of a pseudo rib, and a lower end of the pseudo tibial at a lower end portion. The joint inner surface and the pseudo lower end inner surface of the pseudo rib are integrally and continuously formed, and the pseudo leg part in which the pseudo glenoid is formed is cross-joined at an angle orthogonal to or close to the pseudo leg part. Pseudo pseudo toe portion, via the pseudo talar pulley having the function of a pseudo joint head formed on the upper surface of the pseudo talar provided in a part of the pseudo toe portion. And the pseudo toe portion are joined and fixed to each other under a desired contact pressure stress, and the pseudo leg portion and the pseudo toe portion are located at the upper end of the pseudo leg portion. The one end part is fixed to an appropriate fixing means provided at an appropriate part. The compressible elastic member is disposed in the internal space of the pseudo leg portion, and at the same time, one of the appropriate linear connecting members having appropriate strength and elongation at the other end of the elastic elastic member. One or a plurality of holes formed on the surface of the pseudo-rejection joint provided at the lower end of the pseudo leg where the pseudo glenoid fossa is formed with the other end connected After being led to the outside through the part, the pseudo-joint is formed through one or a plurality of holes or slit-like grooves formed on the outer surface of the pseudo-necrotic bone in which the pseudo-joint head is formed. An ankle pseudo-joint structure characterized in that it is introduced into the internal space of the toe portion and connected and fixed through appropriate fixing means provided on the inner surface of the pseudo toe portion.   One end of each of the plurality of linear connecting members is connected to the other end of the elastic elastic member, and the plurality of linear connecting members are parallel to each other. 37. The ankle pseudo joint structure according to claim 36, wherein the ankle pseudo joint structure is disposed inside the pseudo leg and the pseudo foot tip.   The plurality of linear connecting members are composed of one continuous linear connecting member, and an appropriate portion is provided at the joint between the linear connecting member and the elastic resilient member. 38. The ankle pseudo joint structure according to claim 36 or 37, wherein a pulley means is provided.   A joint dislocation reduction process characterized in that a plurality of types of pseudo joint structures selected from the individual pseudo joint structures defined in claims 1 to 38 are joined together in the longitudinal direction. Training equipment.   The substrate has a substantially half area of the upper surface portion of the substrate, a flat surface portion covered with a non-slip member, and the other half region of the substrate is curved upward with a predetermined height. In addition, a hangar portion that is formed in a sealed shape except for a part thereof is disposed, and at least one spring mechanism portion for controlling the joint function of the pseudo shoulder joint portion is disposed inside the hangar portion. From the opening formed in a portion of the storage portion facing the longitudinal line of the substrate, the pseudo shoulder joint portion interlocked with the spring mechanism portion is outward. Further, an appropriate pseudo-elbow joint and an appropriate pseudo-finger joint are provided at the distal end of the pseudo humerus, which is the outer end of the pseudo-shoulder joint. Are joined and integrated in series along the longitudinal direction of the part, and Each of the pseudo-joint portions is covered with a synthetic resin film-like body that has a cylindrical hollow body that approximates the appearance, feel, color, and elasticity of human skin. Processing training equipment. Another spring mechanism for controlling the function of the pseudo elbow joint is built in the tip of the pseudo humerus, which is the outer end of the pseudo shoulder joint, and the pseudo elbow joint Inside the pseudo rib and pseudo ulna on the outside, a connecting string-like portion that cooperates with the other spring mechanism is arranged, and its end is fixed to an appropriate part inside the pseudo rib and the pseudo ulna Furthermore, another spring mechanism part for controlling the function of the pseudo finger joint part is provided inside the outer end part of either the pseudo rib or the pseudo ulna of the pseudo elbow joint part. 41. The joint dislocation reduction processing training apparatus according to claim 40, wherein the pseudo-finger joint portion is connected and formed in the longitudinal direction and toward the outer portion at the same time as the is incorporated.

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